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2019高三英语二轮练习单元测试题(14)

2019高三英语二轮练习单元测试题(14)
2019高三英语二轮练习单元测试题(14)

2019高三英语二轮练习单元测试题(14)

Unit 14 Careers

随堂演练巩固

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1.An excellent t can finish typing the long article in such a short time.

【答案】 typist

2.The government offered ten thousand RMB as the r for his contribution in the field.

【答案】 reward

3.On the b of these theories,Mr.Green worked out his picture of the state of the future.

【答案】 basis

4.I have to go now.I’ve got an a with Joe outside the cinema at 7:00.

【答案】 appointment

5.If you h too long,you will miss the opportunity.

【答案】 hesitate

6.The village and its (附近的)scenery are very pretty,so it attracts many visitors every year.

【答案】 surrounding

7.My mother is fairly (灵活的)about what time I need to be home.

【答案】 flexible

8.My grandfather is a learned man.He has acquired much (智慧)during his long life.

【答案】 wisdom

9.There was a (羽毛)on the rock showing that a bird had been there.

【答案】 feather

10.Many students (妒忌;羡慕)his various talents.

【答案】 envy

Ⅱ.完成句子

1.那个家伙声称他是镇上最好的医生。

That guy that he is the best doctor in the town.

【答案】 makes out

2.她设法与我的朋友取得了联系。

She managed to with my friends.

【答案】 get in touch

3.我们的教室一直都保持得很干净。

We keep our classroom clean .

【答案】 at all times

4.请不要和你的同学争吵。

Please don’t your classmates.

【答案】 argue with

5.昨天下午我才把所有的客人都打发走了。

Not until yesterday afternoon did I all my guests.

【答案】 send off

6.你应该出门带把雨伞,以防万一。

You should take an umbrella to go out,just .

【答案】 in case

7.我们必须跟上时代。

We must the times.

【答案】 keep up with

8.此外,他们不是很般配。

,they do not match very much.

【答案】 In addition

9.汤姆终于还清了他所有的债务。

Tom finally all his debts.

【答案】 paid off

10.一些国家由于贫穷,没有按时上交会费。

Some countries fail to pay their dues on time poverty.

【答案】 due to

Ⅲ.单项填空

1.Another 1000 yuan has been to him and by now he has owed 5000 yuan me.

A.charged;to

B.charging to;to

C.charged for;with

D.charged to;for

【解析】前一空应用被动语态,即charge应用过去分词形式;后一空那么应用

to,owe...to...表示欠某人钱。

【答案】 A

2.I need to my colleagues on the proposals.Some days later,I will tell

you the result.

A.consult with

B.talk about

C.speak of

D.tell from

【解析】句意:我需要和同事商量这些建议,几天后告诉你结果。consult with sb.和

某人商量某事。

【答案】 A

3.People are collecting money the children in the disaster area.

A.in need of

B.in case of

C.in aid of

D.in honour of

【解析】句意:人们正在募集钱,以支持灾区的儿童。in need of需要……;in case of

以防;in aid of支持;in honour of向……表示敬意。

【答案】 C

4.The father,rather than the brothers, responsible for the accident.

A.are

B.is

C.has

D.have

【解析】 rather than结构放在主语后,谓语的人称和数仍和主语一致,不受其影响。

此处应用be动词的第三人称单数形式和the father一致。

【答案】 B

5.Yesterday they had a quarrel and broke up with each other,but now they have .

A.turned up

B.put up

C.made up

D.shown up

【解析】 turn up出现,调大(音量);put up穿上;make up编造,弥补,与某人和解或和好;例如:Why don’t you two shake hands and make up?你们俩为什么不握手和好呢?show up到来;出现;使……显现出来。句意:昨天他们吵了架并且不理对方了,但现在他们和好了。

【答案】 C

6.Tom all his loan after twenty years during his family lived a hard life.

A.paid back;when

B.paid off;why

C.paid off;which

D.paid for;that

【解析】句意:汤姆二十年后还清了所有贷款,这二十年间他家过着艰难的生活。第一个空用pay off表示”还清”;第二个空用which和介词during 搭配引导定语从句,修饰twenty years。

【答案】 C

7.I went home I had finished my work.

A.instant

B.the instant

C.moment

D.as soon

【解析】句意:我一完成工作就回家了。the instant引导时间状语从句。

【答案】 B

8. fire,ring the bell.

A.In danger of

B.In face of

C.In the way of

D.In case of

【解析】句意:万一有火灾,请打铃。in danger of在……危险中;in face of面对……;in the way of挡道;in case of

【答案】 D

9.The management of computer network is really beyond my ,but I can get useful information from it.

A.catch

B.grasp

C.snatch

D.grab

【解析】句意:我真难以理解计算机网络,但我能从中获取有用的信息。beyond one’s grasp超出某人的理解力。

【答案】 B

10.Five years ago the population of the village was 2000.Now it’s 1500,which means that it’s decreased 25%.

A.to

B.from

C.by

D.for

【解析】从句意来看,小村的人口从2000减到了1500,故减少了百分之二十五,表示”减少到……”用decrease to;而表示”减少了……”那么用decrease by。

【答案】 C

提升能力达标

Ⅰ.单项填空

1.Whatever he does,once he set up a goal,he would start pursuing it without .

A.hesitation

B.suggestion

C.discussion

D.decision

【解析】 hesitation犹豫;suggestion建议;discussion讨论;decision

句意:无论他做什么事,一旦他设定了目标,他就会毫不犹豫地去追求它。根据句意,选A项。

【答案】 A

2.After being questioned by the police,she was released without .

A.charge

B.control

【解析】句意:警察讯问后,她未受指控而被释放。withoutcharge表示”没有被指控”。

【答案】A

3.Ifyoudon’tknowhowtodealwithit,youcantheexpert.

A.tell

B.hear

C.demand

D.consult

【解析】句意:如果你不知道如何解决,你可以向专家咨询。根据句意应用consult表示”咨询”。

【答案】D

4.Thegovernmenthasagreedtopaythefirmsextrasumstofortheirfinanciallosses.

A.makeup

B.bringup

C.fillup

D.lookup

【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意为:政府已同意付给这些公司额外的款项来弥补他们的经济损失。makeup弥补;bringup抚养;fillup(使)充满;lookup查找。

【答案】A

5.Everythingwasperfectforthepicnictheweather.

A.inplaceof

B.aswellas

C.exceptfor

D.incaseof

【解析】inplaceof代替,取代;aswellas又,也,还;exceptfor除……之外;incaseof 万一,假使。句意:除天气之外,所有情况对于野炊来说都非常好。

【答案】C

6.Hardlyhadshewalkedoutofthewoodssheheardthestrangescreamcomingfrombehindat ree.

A.until

B.since

C.when

D.than

【解析】句意:她刚走出森林就听到从树后传来一声奇怪的尖叫。hardly...when...”一……就……”,相当于nosooner...than...结构。当否定意义的词hardly,nosooner放于句首时,后面需用倒装结构。

【答案】C

7.Alltheirhopesthenextgenerationnow.

A.concentrateon

B.attracton

C.fascinateon

D.centeron

【解析】考查动词短语辨析。A项主语应为人;B、C两项搭配不当;D项意为”将……集中于”。

【答案】D

https://www.doczj.com/doc/d29569077.html,styearthenumberofdeathincreased2%-5%theyearbeforelast.

A.to;comparingto

B.to;comparingwith

C.by;tocomparewith

D.by;comparedwith

【解析】句意为:和前年相比,去年死亡率增加幅度是2%-5%。此题考查动词与介词的搭配和分词短语在句子中作状语的用法。comparedto/with在句中作状语。

【答案】D

9.SomeresearchersbelievethatthereisnodoubtacureforAIDSwillbefound.

A.which

B.that

C.what

D.whether

【解析】此题考查连词用法。根据题意,doubt后跟的从句是同位语从句,说明doubt的内容,故用that。此题表示”毫无疑问,治疗艾滋病的方法一定会被找到”。

【答案】B

10.There’snoneedtodetailsyet,justgivemethegeneralidea.

A.fallinto

B.getinto

C.gointo

D.makeinto

【解析】句意:还没有必要谈论细节,就给我谈谈一般情况吧。gointodetails表示”详细表达;逐一说明”。

【答案】C

https://www.doczj.com/doc/d29569077.html,lingtonwhosehousecallat.

A.willhe;nexttime

B.wouldhe;thenexttime

C.hewould;thenexttime

D.hewill;nexttime

【解析】句意:她询问米灵顿医生下次将会到谁家。当主句采用过去时态时,其后的宾语从句的谓语动词通常用相应的过去时态。此外,在间接引语中,采用thenexttime来取代直接引语中的nexttime。

【答案】C

12.Thefamilydecidedtothelazyservant.Theyreallycouldn’tstandher.

A.payback

B.payoff

C.payfor

D.payup

【解析】句意:那家人决定把那位懒惰的仆人付清工资后打发走,他们真的无法忍受她了。payoff

【答案】B

13.Itisuncertainsideeffectthemedicinewillbring about ,althoughabouttwothousandpatientshavetakenit.

A.that

B.what

C.how

D.whether

【解析】此题考查主语从句的引导词。句意:尽管大约有两千名病人服用过这种药物,但是,它会带来什么样的副作用还不确定。sideeffect意思是”副作用”,还原主语从句中的主干是themedicinewillbringaboutsideeffect。应选择what,形容词”什么样的”,起修饰作用。

【答案】B

14.Nowadaysmanyfamouspopstarsbegintouserecycledpaperplastictopackagetheirph otographs.

A.orrather

B.otherthan

C.ratherthan

D.morethan

【解析】orrather”更确切地说”;otherthan”不同于,除了”;ratherthan”而不

是”;morethan”多于,不仅仅”。句意:现在许多著名的流行歌手开始用再生纸袋而不是塑料袋来装照片。

【答案】C

15.—Itlooksheavy.CanIgiveyouahand?

—.

A.No,thanks

B.Yes,mypleasure

C.No,nevermind

D.Yes,Ido

【解析】考查情景交际。从对话中可知是回答对方提供的帮助。No,thanks与上文呼应。

【答案】A

Ⅱ.阅读理解

Thelatestresearchsuggeststhatthekeyfactorseparatinggeniusesfromthemerelyacc omplishedisnotIQ,a generally badpredictorofsuccess.Instead,it’spurposefulpractice.Topperformersspendmorehourspractisingtheircraft.Ifyouwanted topicturehowatypicalgeniusmight develop,you’dtakeagirlwhopossessedaslightlyabove average languageability.Itwouldn’thavetobeabigtalent,justenoughsothatshemightgainsomesenseofdistinction.Thenyouw ouldwanthertomeet,say,anovelist,whocoincidentallysharedsomesimilarqualities.May bethewriterwasfromthesametown,hadthesamefamilybackground,or,sharedthesamebirthd ay.

Thiscontactwouldgivethegirlavisionofherfutureself.Itwouldgivehersomeideaofa fascinatingcircleshemightsomedayjoin.Itwouldalsohelpifoneofherparentsdiedwhensh ewas12,givingherastrongsenseofinsecurityandfuellingadesperateneedforsuccess.Arm edwiththisambition,shewouldreadnovelsandlifestoriesofwriterswithoutend.Thiswoul dgiveheraprimaryknowledgeofherfield.She’dbeabletoseenewwritingindeeperwaysandquicklyunderstanditsinnerworkings.

Thenshewouldpracticewriting.Herpracticewouldbeslow,painstakinganderror focused.Bypracticinginthisway,shedelaystheautomatizingprocess.Hermindwantstotur nconscious,newlylearnedskillsintounconscious,automaticallyperformedskills.Bypra cticingslowly,bybreakingskillsdownintotinypartsandrepeating,sheforcesthebrainto internalizeabetterpatternofperformance.Thenshewouldfindanadviserwhowouldprovide aconstantstreamoffeedback,viewingherperformancefromtheoutside,correctingthesmal lesterrors,pushinghertotakeontougherchallenges.Bynowsheisredoingproblems—howdoIgetcharactersintoaroom—dozensanddozensoftimes.Sheisestablishinghabitsofthoughtshecancalluponinordertou nderstandorsolvefutureproblems.

Theprimaryqualityouryoungwriterpossessesisnotsomemysteriousgenius.It’stheabilitytodevelopapurposeful,laboriousandboringpracticeroutine.Thelatestrese

archtakessomeofthemagicoutofgreatachievement.Butit underlines afactthatisoftenneglected.Publicdiscussionisaffectedbygeneticsandwhatwe’re“hard wired”todo.Andit’struethatgenesplayaroleinourcapabilities.Butthebrainisalsoveryplastic.Weconstru ctourselvesthrough behaviour.

1.Thepassagemainlydealswith.

A.thefunctionofIQincultivatingawriter

B.therelationshipbetweengeniusandsuccess

C.thedecisivefactorinmakingagenius

D.thewayofgainingsomesenseofdistinction

【解析】主旨大意题。文章第一段就指出人成功的关键因素不是天才,而是后天的practice。接着文章以一个12岁的女孩的例子来证明成功的关键因素是什么。

【答案】C

2.Byreadingnovelsandwriters’stories,thegirlcould.

https://www.doczj.com/doc/d29569077.html,etounderstandtheinnerstructureofwriting

B.joinafascinatingcircleofwriterssomeday

C.sharewithanovelistherlikesanddislikes

D.learnfromthelivingexamplestoestablishasenseofsecurity

【解析】细节理解题。由第二段最后一句”quicklyunderstanditsinnerworkings”可以知道答案。

【答案】A

3.Inthegirl’slongpainstakingtrainingprocess,.

A.heradviserformsaprimarychallengingforcetoher success

B.herwritingturnsintoanautomaticpatternofperformance

C.sheacquiresthemagicofsomegreatachievements

D.shecomestorealizesheis“hard wired”towrite

【解析】细节理解题。第三段写到”Bypracticingslowly,bybreakingskillsdownintotinypartsandrepeating,sheforcesthebr aintointernalizeabetterpatternofperformance.”,B项说法与此吻合,为正确答案。

【答案】B

4.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?

A.Afuellingambitionplaysaleadingroleinone’s success.

B.Aresponsibleadviserismoreimportantthantheknowledgeofwriting.

C.Astothegrowthofagenius,IQdoesn’tmatter,butjusthis/herefforts.

D.Whatreallymattersiswhatyoudoratherthanwhoyouare.

【解析】推理判断题。本文以一个小女孩如何成为一个有天赋作家的故事作例子,向人们阐述了这样一个道理——成就一番事业,重要的不是你是谁,而是你做了什么。A、B两项均为人们为成功而奋斗过程中的一些重要因素,比较肤浅。C项仅仅针对天才的成长方面,比较片面,D

【答案】D

Ⅲ.任务型读写

认真阅读以下短文,根据所读内容在文章后表格中填入恰当的单词。注意:表格中每个空格只填1个词。

ThehistoryofChinesecalligraphyisprobablyaslongasthatofChinaitself.Calligrap hyisaspecialcategoryinChina’sworldoffinearts.ThroughthecenturiesChinesecharactershavechangedconstantlyandar

emainlydivided into fivecategoriestoday:thesealscript(zhuanshu),officialscript(lishu),regularscript (kaishu),runningscript(xingshu)andcursivescript(caoshu).

Calligraphyinvolvesagreatdealoftheoryandrequiresmanyskills.Amongthemostouts tandingcalligraphersinancientChinawereWangXizhi,OuyangXun,YanZhenqing,andLiuGon gquan,whoareknownforpioneeringtheirownstyles.

Inwritingcalligraphy,onewillneedabrush,paper,anink stickandanink stone,commonlyreferredtoasthe“FourTreasuresoftheStudy”.Therearedifferenttypesof

brushes.White goat hair,black rabbit hairandyellow weasel hairbrushesarethemainones.Accordingtotheirfunction,brushesareclassifiedintothre egroups:hard,softandmedium.Brushsticksareusuallymadeofbamboo,wood,orporcelain;i voryorjadesticksarerareandprecious.

Theink stickisauniquepigmentusedforChinesetraditionalpaintingandcalligraphy.Themostfam

ousink

stickishuimo(Anhuiinkstick),madefrompinesthatgrowonHuangshanMountaininAnhuiProv

ince.Cleanwateris needed togrindtheink stick.Presstheink

stickhardandrubitlightly,slowlyandevenlyagainsttheinkslabtomakethick,liquid ink.

Whilepapercomesinmanyvarieties,Xuanpaper,produced inXuanzhou(today’sAnhuiProvince),isconsideredthebestforChinesecalligraphy.Thepaperissoftandfinet extured,suitableforconveyingtheartisticexpressionofbothChinesecalligraphyandpai

nting.Withagoodtensilestrengthandmoth

proofquality,thepapercanbepreservedforalongtime.

Ink stonesorink slabshavebeenclassifiedintothreecategories:Duan,SheandTao.Featurescommontoallth reearehardnessandfineness.Althoughthestoneishardandfine,https://www.doczj.com/doc/d29569077.html,

ingahardandsmoothstone,liquidinkcanbeproducedeasilybyrubbingtheink stick against thestone.

Byhandlingthebrushandinkskillfullyandcarefully,theartistcanproduceaninfinit evarietyofcalligraphicstylesandforms.

【答案及解析】

1.Categories阅读文章前两段,可知这部分内容主要介绍了中国书法的种类。根据此题题干语境,填Categories。

2.Official由文章第一段最后一句中的”officialscript(lishu)”可知答案。

3.skills由文章第二段第一句”Calligraphyinvolvesagreatdealoftheoryandrequiresmanyskills.”可知答案。

4.styles由文章第二段第二句”

AmongthemostoutstandingcalligraphersinancientChinawereWangXizhi,Ouyang Xun,YanZhenqing,andLiuGongquan,whoareknownforpioneeringtheirownstyles.”可知答案。

5.Treasures阅读文章余下部分,可知主要讲了文房四宝。根据此题题干语境,填Treasures。

6.Material横向对比此题题干,可知本行讲的是毛笔的材料,因此填Material。

7.soft由文章第三段第四句”

Accordingtotheirfunction,brushesareclassifiedintothreegroups:hard,softand medium.”可知答案。

8.pines由文章第四段第二句”Themostfamousink stickishuimo(Anhuiinkstick),madefrompinesthatgrowonHuangshanMountaininAnhuiProv ince.”可知答案。

9.long由文章第五段最后一句”Withagoodtensilestrengthandmoth proofquality,thepapercanbe preserved foralongtime.”可知答案。

10.features由文章第六段第【二】三句”Featurescommontoallthreearehardnessandfineness.Althoughthestoneishardandfine,it isnotdryorslippery.”可知答案。

最新上海市崇明区2019届高三英语一模

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