lesson 3轮机英语

fit文本内容如有错漏，请读者自行更正Lesson 281.an audible alarm 声响报警2.differential relay 差压变送器3. two-term controller 双作用控制器4.master controller 主控制器5.slave controller 辅控制器6.three-way valve 三通阀7.a magnetic filter 磁滤器8.a differential pressure alarm 压差报警9.header tank 高置水柜 10.magnetic switches 磁开关 11.crankcase oil mist detection 曲柄箱油雾检测Lesson 2 9 1.control console 控制台 2.lubricating oil preheater / 滑油预热器3.high viscosity fuel 高黏度燃油4.turbocharger casing 涡轮增压器外壳5.fuel priming pump 燃油供油泵6.diaphragm gland 隔板盘根箱7.grease-lubricated bearing 加油脂润滑的轴承8. fuel booster pump 燃油增压泵 9.control selecter 控制选择器(开关）10.running direction safety interlock 转向连锁装置1.燃油柜 fuel tank2.缸套冷却水泵 jacket water pump3.工作压力working pressure4.观察镜 sight glass5.示功阀 indicator cook6.盘车机 turning gear7.启动空气瓶 starting air reservoir8.倒车机构 reversing gear9.主启动空气管路starting air manifold10.辅助鼓风机auxiliary blower11.确保make sure12.机舱车钟engine room telegraph13.接通电源switch on power14.设定值the required valve15.放残阀drain valveLesson 301.wire 电线2.earth connection 接地3.plug 插头4.socket 插座5.fuse 保险丝6.short circuit 短路7.light bulb 灯泡8.failure of insulation 不绝缘9.load 电负荷10.electrical appliance 电器1.dispose of 处理2.scatter around 撒落3.slide off 滑落4.in rough weather 在恶劣天气5.permanent connection 固定连接6.portable lamp 手提灯bustible material 可燃物8.extra appliance额外的设备9.beyond comprehension难以理解的10. a heavy toll 严重的代价11. machinery space机舱12.be kept tight 保持密封13.in bilge 在舱底水中14.in the event of 万一15.bulk dangerous goods carrier 散装危险品运输船Lesson 311. specific gravity 比重2. relative density 相对密度3. cetane number 十六烷值4. diesel index 柴油指数5. closed flash point 闭式闪点6. pour point 倾点7. cloud point 浊点8. carbon residue 残炭值9. sulphur content 硫分10. calorific value 发热值1.一定的体积 a given volume2.在恒温下at a fixed temperature3.为了i n order to4.最高的安全储存温度the maximum safe storage temperature5.释放give off6.机器磨损engine wear7.热量heat energy8.对.…有影响have effects on9.操作介质operating medium10.喷射定时injection timing 11.金属表面metal surface12防止生锈prevent rust13.泵机构the pump mechanism14.在受控条件下under controlled conditions15.流失pass awayLesson 321. bunkering procedure 加油程序2.oil transfer 驳油3.emergency procedure 应急程序4.deck scupper 甲板排水口5.bunker manifold 加油总管6.barge 驳船7.pumping rate 泵油速度8.take sounding 测深9.bunker receipt 加油收据10.hose connection 油管连接处Lesson 331.Classification Society船级社2.seamanship 船艺3.marine environment 海洋环境4.owner 船东5.critical equipment 关键设备6.corroded material 腐蚀了的材料7.repairing item 修理项目8.material property 材料性能9.instruction book 说明书10.an ocean-going engineer 远洋轮机员1.安全设备safety and security installations2.航次修理voyage repair3.年度修理annual repair4.大修major repair5.机损修理damage repair6.甲板设备deck equipment7.修理单repair list8.物料和备件spares and stores9.磨损限度wear limits10.和……一致，符合in conformity with11.依照in accordance with12.很大程度上to a great extent13.取决于depend on14.参考,查阅参refer to15.工况working conditionLesson 341.discharge排放2. bilge water .舱底水3.oily waste含油污水4.IOPP Certificate 国际防油污证书5.bilge pump舱底水泵6.machinery space机器处所7.Oil Record Book油类记录簿8.ppm百万分比9.sewage treatment plant 生活污水处理装置10.reception facility 接收装置1.machinery space 机器处所2.IOPP Certificate 国际防油污证书3.oily water含油污水4.at all times 一直5.reception facility接收装置6.be disposed of 处理7.be aware of 知道8.in accordance with 根据9.on board 登船10.garbage disposal 垃圾处理Lesson 351.PSCO 港口国监督官2.Tonnage Certificate 吨位证书3.deficiency 缺陷4.detention 滞留5.clear grounds 明显证据6.substandard ship 低标准船7.valid certificate 有效8.recognized organization认可组织9.next port of call 下一停靠港10.remedy 纠正1.Port State Control Officer港口国监督官2.SOLAS 国际海上人命安全公约3.pollution prevention 防止污染4.Shipboad Oil Pollution Emergency Plan船上油污应急计划5.more detailed inspect 详细检查6.meet the requirement 满足要求7.serious deficiency 严重缺陷8.muster list 应变部署表Lesson 36position of tlie watch 值班人员组成2. engineer officer in charge of the watch当班轮机员3. hand over the watch交班4.the relieving engineer officer .接班轮机员5.take over the watch接班6. at the commencement of the watch 在一开始值班时7. operational parameters运行参数8.the manned condition有人值守时9.in unmanned condition无人值守时10.go off duty 下班1. standby condition 备用状态2.be familiar with 熟悉3.engine room alarm system 机舱警报系统4.automatic mode 自动模式5.prevailing circumstances 当时环境6.steering equipment 操舵装置7.machinery installation 机械装置8.restricted visibility 能见度不良9.congested waters 拥挤水域10.periodic inspection 定期检查Lesson 371.IMO Assembly 国际海事组织大会2. Piotocol I and II议定书I II3.Mediterranean Sea 地中海4. Baltic Sea 波罗的海5.Gulf Area 海湾区域6.International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate .国际防止油污证书7. SBTs ( segregated ballast- tank) 专用压载舱8.Oil Record Book 油类记录簿9.Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk 散装运输危险化学品船舶10.International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code 国际海运危险货物规则nd-generated waste 陆地产生的废物2.in bulk 散装3.in package 包装4. be obliged to 不得不5.take action 采取行动6.tacit acceptance 默许7.world gross tonnage of merchant ship 世界商船总吨位8.enter/bing/come into force 生效9.make a declaration to 向···申述10.the oil discharge criteria 油类排放标准11.under way 进行中12.at the loading terminal 在装货码头13. shore reception facility 岸上接收装置14. oil/water interface detector 油水界面探测器15.in excess of 超过16.wing tank 边舱17.liquid noxious substance 液体有害物质18.oil discharge monitoring and control system 油类排放监视和控制系统19.in operation 运转中20.in practice 实际上Lesson 381.flag state 船旗国2. port State control 港口国监督3. passenger ship 客船4. watertight integrity 水密完整性5. bilge pump 舱底泵，污水泵6. cargo ship 货船7. combustible material 可燃物，易燃物8. lifeboat救生艇9. high-level radioactive waste 高放射性废弃物10.lifejacket 救生衣11.gross tonnage 总吨位12.nuclear fuel 核燃料13.search and rescue 搜索与救助1.set out 出发y down 制定3.be linked to 与···相连4.set forth 提出5.in contrast to 与···相比6.as a whole 总的来说7.engaged on 从事8.owing to 由于9.be concerned with涉及10.refer to参考11.assume responsibility for 为···承担责任12.entitled to 给予权利13.prior to 在···之前14.carry out 执行15.be required to 被要求Lesson 391.minimum hours of rest 最短休息时间2.maximum hours of work 最长工作时间3.regulated hours of work 规范的工作时间pensatory rest period 补偿的休息时同5.standardized format标准格式1.be consistent with 与···一致2.within the limits 在限度之内3.in a given period of time 在给定的时间内4.take account of考虑到5.be divided into 被分开6. on call待命中7. collective agreement 集体协议8. competent authority 主管当局9. standardized format 标准格式10. pertain to 关于11.in distress 遇难。

轮机英语词汇(主机)rotational speed：转速capacity: 功率steam turbine: 蒸汽轮机gas turbine: 燃气轮机speed reduction ratio: 减速比displacement: 排量flexible coupling: 柔性联轴节maintenance interval：检修周期gasoline engine：汽油机draft：吃水线torsional vibration damper: 减振器torque：扭矩prime mover：原动机be aligned with: 与…对中alignment：对中thermal efficiency：热效率loop scavenge：回流扫气cross scavenge：横流扫气uniflow scavenge：直流扫气supercharge：增压tappet clearance：挺杆间隙spark plug：火花塞indicator diagram：示功图indicator cards：示功图mechanical efficiency：机械效率compressed air: 压缩空气coolant：冷却剂occur：发生spray of fuel: 雾状燃油，油雾timing: 定时foul: 使…脏污fouling：污垢，脏污stuffing box：填料函，填料箱atmospheric pressure：大气压camshaft：凸轮轴cam：凸轮internal combustion engine：内燃机MIP（mean indicated pressure）：平均指示压力combustion chamber：燃烧室compression ratio：压缩比cylinder bore: 缸径overlap：重叠cross-head pin：十字头销bearing shell：轴瓦drill：钻孔，钻井，演习angle：角度expose：暴露，打开cycle：工作循环uncover：打开descending piston：下行的活塞value：值，数值decrease：降低，下降increase：上升，增加governor：调速器governor weight：调速器的飞重fuel injection：燃油喷射，喷油reliability：可靠性stroke coefficient：冲程系数give off：释放，放出naturally aspirated：自然吸气的，自然换气的admit：准许进入intake valve：进气阀linear motion：直线运动rotary motion：回转运动atomization：雾化cylinder firing pressure：气缸的爆炸压力be subjected to: 受到，遭受，承受ignition lag：滞燃期ignition delay period：滞燃期degree：程度，学位back pressure：背压thermal energy：热能mechanical energy: 机械能clockwise：顺时针地turbocharger：涡轮增压器brake horsepower：制动马力friction：摩擦single acting：单作用式的blow down：排气mixing：混合的mixture: 混合物advantage：优势，优点disadvantage：劣势，缺点compare：对比rocker arm：摇臂foundation：基础support：支撑，支持maintenance access：维修通道doors：道门in-line engine：直列式柴油机Vee engine：V型柴油机connecting rod large end bearing：连杆大端轴承connecting rod small end bearing：连杆小端轴承cast iron：铸铁cast steel：铸钢scavenging air box：扫气箱inertia：惯性thermal expansion：热膨胀aluminum：铝，铝的bronze：铜的mount：安装bolt：螺栓，用螺栓固定cross girder：横梁longitudinal girder：纵梁heat energy：热能float：漂浮，浮动piston skirt：活塞裙gudgeon pin：活塞销spur gear：正齿轮camshaft gear train：凸轮轴齿轮系starting air valve：空气启动阀side-chock bolt：侧楔形螺栓end-chock bolt：端楔形螺栓distance piece：调隙片compression plate：压缩片compression ratio：压缩比bearing housing：轴承座bearing cap：轴承盖bearing bush:轴瓦trunk piston：筒状活塞axial：轴向的stud：双头螺栓nut: 螺母enclose：密闭，密封guide：引导，导板tie rod=tie bolt=through bolt：贯穿螺栓entablature：机架column：机架cylinder block：气缸体external：外部的，外面的internal：内部的，里面的running-in period：磨合期load：负载，负荷，装载bearing wear：轴承磨损replace：替换，代替replacement：替换，代替clearance：间隙gap：间距tolerance：公差carrier ring：承磨环machine：机器，机械，加工machinery：机械（总称）machined：加工的，车削的ridge：凸台，凸肩groove：凹槽invariably：总是，一直forge：锻造forged：锻造的worn out：磨损的shim：垫片crank web：曲柄臂crank throw: 曲柄臂，曲拐crankpin：曲柄销crankcase：曲柄箱spring：弹簧，春天heat-resistant steel：耐热钢wearing resistance：抗磨，耐磨journal 轴颈sealing ring：密封环scraper ring：刮油环fuel valve：油头lubricator:注油器chromium-plated：镀铬的cylinder wall：汽缸壁lift out：吊出（活塞）piston ring belt: 活塞环区域cooling jacket：冷却水套balance：使…平衡shim：垫片thick：厚的thin：薄的thickness：厚度deformation：变形double bottom：双层底location：位置，定位locate：位于length: 长度width:宽度height：高度circular space：环形空间assemble：组装disassemble：拆卸assembly：组件fore and aft：前后semi-built：半组合式的transmit：传递，传送bending stress：弯曲应力torsion stress：扭曲应力shear stress：剪切应力turning gear：盘车机fitted bolt：拂配螺栓white metal：白合金horizontally：水平地be fitted with：装有，带有be provided with：装有，带有be equipped with装有，带有circumference [s?'k?mf?r?ns]: 圆周，周长nip：过盈压隙crush：过盈joint face：连接面，结合面diameter：直径oil distributor ring：布油环scraper ring：刮油环oil control ring：刮油环protective layer：保护层lining：衬有，内衬copper-lead alloy：铜铅合金aluminum-tin alloy：铝锡合金thin-walled：薄壁的flame hardened：淬火处理的shipchandler：船舶供应商bore：孔，镗孔thermal stress：热应力compressive stress：压应力forced lubrication system：强制润滑系统output：功率，输出cooling chamber：冷却腔crosshead shoes：十字头滑块slipper：滑块guide shoes：滑块dowel pin：定位销machine-turned：车削的projection：凸台vertical flange：垂直法兰coil spring：圈簧surface：表面slopping surface：倾斜表面sliding bearing：滑动轴承sludge：油渣main propulsion diesel engine：主推进柴油机tension：张力under tension：承受张力heater：加热器electric heater：电加热器timing gear：定时齿轮chain drives：链条驱动机构coincide with：重叠，一致center of gravity：重心statically balanced：静平衡wrist pin：活塞销heat conductivity：导热性oil film：油膜excess：过多的excessive：过多的，过大的rigid：结实的，坚实的transverse girder：横梁jack bolt：撑杆螺栓tap-bolt：锥头螺栓solid forged：整体锻造的solid bearing：整体式轴承polish：抛光telescopic pipe：伸缩管sag：下垂sagging：下沉量component：部件corrosion resistant：耐腐蚀的flame screen：防火网罩watertight compartment：水密舱taper：锥形的，逐渐减小的insert：插入：插件stationary part：固定部件statically balanced：静平衡dynamically balanced：动平衡turbulence：涡流flywheel：飞轮kinetic energy：动能fluctuation：波动valve stem：阀杆valve head：阀头valve cage：阀壳heat dissipation：散热water seal：水封wet liner：湿式缸套dry liner：干式缸套test cock：示功考克gasket：垫片knurling：滚花sodium：钠cold clearance：冷态间隙thrust：推力side thrust：侧推力manifold：总管bundle：管束overload：过载plasma coated：等离子涂层的oil sump：油底壳treat：处理，对待treatment：处理advanced firing：早燃retarded firing：后燃，发火滞后air venting arrangement：放气装置prime：灌注，注油priming：灌注priming pump：引液泵fuel supply passage：供油管路viscosity regulator：粘度调节器lifting check：起阀压力试验fuel main：总管plunger：柱塞spindle：针阀available：可用的，可得到的manoeuvring condition：机动操纵状态specification：规格grade:规格specific gravity：比重specify：规定service tank：日用柜day tank：日用柜port：港口，开口pressurize：加压injector nozzle：喷油嘴clog：堵塞particle：颗粒，颗粒状index：刻度，指数reading：读数rack：齿条rack and pinion arrangement：齿条/齿轮装置transfer pump：驳运泵bunker tank：燃油舱banker list：加油单have much to do with：与…..有很大的关系have nothing to do with：与…..没有关系quality：质量quantity：数量earlier ignition：发火提早stick open：保持开启状态oil sump：油底壳settling tank：沉淀柜droplet：水珠，油滴strainer：粗滤器fine filter：细滤器at interval：定期地prevent from doing sth.:防止做某事set：设定setting：设定量，设定值preset：预先设定buffer tank：缓冲柜balance tank：平衡柜（集油柜）service tank：日用柜cleared of：排除，清除barrel：套筒sleeve：套筒pipe：管子duct：管道，导管hose：软管flash point：闪点overflow：溢出（满了溢出）spill：溢油full ahead：全速前进fuel consumption：燃油消耗save：挽救，救生，节省economical speed：经济转速purify：分离，清洁purifier：分水机clarifier：分杂机foreign matter：杂质follower：滚轮calorific value：发热值pour point：倾点diameter：直径original：原来的，开始的vibration：振动penetration of fuel：燃油穿透penetration：穿透力distribution of fuel：燃油分布minimize：使….最小化maximize：使…..最大化shut down：关闭，切断cut off：终止，关闭check valve：止回阀jerk pump：喷射泵meter：计量，测量，米proper metering：精确计量parameter：参数size：尺寸carbon accumulation：结炭flow rate：流速break up：分裂，破裂，分手manufacture：制造商precaution：预防措施contamination：污染，脏污cetane rating：十六烷值cetane number：十六烷值secure the fuel supply：切断燃油供应take place：发生，开始commence：发生，开始slope：斜面spill port：回流孔，溢流孔build up：建立，积聚helix：螺旋槽MCR：最大持续功率base circle：基圆sulfur：硫water vapor：水蒸汽acid：酸，酸的malfunction：故障ash：灰duplex pressure gage：双联压力表thermostatic：恒温的needle valve：针阀differential needle valve：差压式针阀constant volume：定容constant pressure：定压unit injector：单体式喷油器misfiring：不发火vanadium：钒sodium：钠indicate：显示，表示contribute to：有利于，导致block：堵塞compressibility:压缩性remove：清除，去除sounding tube：深管sounding rod：量油杆oil impingement：注油cavitation （erosion）:气穴，汽蚀booster pump：增压泵salt water：海水raw water：海水air cooler：空冷器make up：补充，补给distilled water：蒸馏水in contact with：与….接触facilitate：有利于，促进prior to：在….之前acid solution strength：酸性强度lime：石灰，氧化钙get rid of：去除，排除，摆脱release：释放mechanical property：机械性能expansion tank：膨胀水箱head tank：高置（膨胀）水箱coolant：冷却剂inoperative：不运转的，不运行的frost：结霜individual：单独的，独立的deposit：沉积物，沉淀物scale：水垢rust：生锈，铁锈dividing wall：分隔板overheat：过热explosion：爆炸chemical addition：投药，添加化学品additive：添加剂steam coil：蒸汽盘管anti-corrosion oil：防锈油inorganic inhibitor：无机缓蚀剂corrosion inhibitor：抗腐蚀剂regulate：调节modulate：调节head：压头volume：体积，容积closed cooling system：闭式冷却系统a portion of：一部分heat exchanger：换热器slightly：轻微的，轻度的nozzle holder：喷嘴座crack：裂纹suspect：怀疑baffle plate：挡板sacrificial zinc：保护性锌块soluble oil：可溶性油thermometer：温度计obstruct：堵塞，阻塞impeller：叶轮fin：翅片alarm：报警，警报器activate：激发，动作housing：壳体concentric：同心的bi-directional operation：双向运行compensating tank：补偿水箱（膨胀水箱）salinity：盐分，盐度alternative：选择，替代deaerating tank：除气柜three-way valve：三通阀flush：吹洗，冲洗oil barge：油驳interlocking device：连锁装置reversing：换向pilot air：控制空气，先导空气air distributor：空气分配器fusible plug：易熔塞guard against：防止air reservoir=air bottle=air receiver：空气瓶pneumatic control system：气动控制系统pneumatic tool：气动工具drain cock：放残考克blade：叶片turbine：透平remote valve：遥控阀air start lever：空气启动手柄instrument：仪表humidity：水分starting air distributor：启动空气分配器sufficient：充足的，足够的consecutive start：连续启动knocking sound：敲缸condensate：凝水condensation：冷凝run roughly：运转不平稳delay：推迟，延迟clearance volume：余隙容积two stage compressor：两级空气压缩机intercooler：中间冷却器，中冷器aftercooler：后冷器airborne：空气中携带的valve plate:阀片valve strip：阀片valve face：阀面valve seat：阀座volumetric efficiency：容积效率LP cylinder：低压缸HP cylinder：高压缸trip：跳闸overload relay：过载继电器dew point：露点splash lubrication：飞溅润滑water hammer：水击air delivery line：排出管路non-return valve：止回阀，单向阀carbonization：碳化throttling：节流solenoid：电磁的idle speed：怠速storage tank：储存柜neutralize：中和neutralization number：中和值alkalinity：碱detergency：清洁剂fundamental：基本的guard against：防止stern-tube bearing：尾轴承lignum vitae：铁梨木emulsion oil：乳化油，乳化防锈油sodium nitrite：硝酸钠additive：添加剂approved：认可的galvanize：镀锌investigation：调查gas seal 气封pot-shaped piston：筒状活塞analyze：分析total loss system：全消耗系统recirculation system：循环系统renew：更新，换新renewal：更新，换新static head：静压头in duplicate：一式两份，一式两台carry away：带走magnetic filter：磁性滤器blow out：吹洗in that：在于，因为former：前者latter：后者forced lubrication system：强制润滑系统employ：采用，使用，利用，雇佣hydrostatic lubrication：液体静力润滑impurity：杂质to a great extent：在很大程度上deterioration：恶化heat transfer：传热wear detritus：磨屑trouble-free life：无故障寿命dilute：冲淡，稀释，降低mist detector：油雾检测器monitor：检测，监控duplex filter：双联式滤器audible/visual alarm：声光报警shaker：振荡scuffing：划伤remain：保持remaining：剩余的retain：保留clogged：堵塞的hard varnish：硬的清漆pitting：点蚀oxidize：氧化carbon deposit：积碳detergent oil：净化油orifice：油孔diffuser：扩压器constant-pressure：定压增压pulse pressure：脉冲增压angle：角度，成….角度smoky exhaust：排气冒黑烟opposite：相反的，相对的supercharging：增压make use of：利用blower：鼓风机turboblower：涡轮增压器adjacent：相邻的in comparison to：与…相比compared to：与…相比fabricated：锻造的swirl：旋转rated speed：额定速度rated load：额定负载oxygen：氧气oxidize：使…氧化average：平均的velocity：速度directly proportional to：成正比characteristic：特点in conjunction with：和….一起performance：性能utilize：利用，使用furnish：提供muffle：消音，降低gas exchange：换气lose power：损失功率loss of pressure：失压take out=disengage:脱开put in=engage：合上FWE=finished with engine：完车give a trial：试车ahead and astern: 正倒车packing box：填料箱overhaul：大修stall：停止，停车enlarge：扩大，变大abnormal：不正常on no account：绝不，不可以seizure：卡住，咬缸gradually：逐渐地，逐步地remedy：补救，补修metalock：金属扣合法warm up:加温，暖机unless：除非surge：喘振spark：火星paint：油漆blistering：起泡peeling：剥落withdraw：取出routine 日常的，周期性的whilst=while：当…时候eliminate：消除，清除ambient temperature：环境温度regarding：关于with regard to：关于，对于….来说ventilation：通风vacuum：真空risk：风险，危险hazard：危险head wind：顶风heavy sea：风浪大combustion knock：燃烧过程粗暴wheelhouse：驾驶台contaminant：杂质，污染物cease：停止defect：损坏，缺陷sensor：传感器dead slow ahead：微速前进distribution：分配，布置，配电idle：闲置的guarantee：保证，确保pressure-volume diagram：压容图jerk pump：脉动泵，急拉式泵by-product：副产品erosion：剥蚀spark arrestor：火花消除器navigation：航行score：划痕scratch：刮痕abrasive particle：磨蚀颗粒pyrometer：高温计（测量排烟温度）manometer：压力计pressure gauge：压力表dial indicator：千分表，量缸表micrometer：千分表feeler：塞尺straight edge：直尺bridge gauge：桥规（轴颈下沉量，较小的主轴承磨损）blow-by：漏气break-in period：磨合期hone：搪磨detuner：减震器verify：检查，证实underway：航行时at partial load：部分负载localized：局部的local：当地的，机旁的file：锉blank off：堵死rotor：转子metal scraper：金属刮刀wrench：扳手moisture：水分muffler=silencer：消音器switch on：接通absolute pressure：绝对压力（=表压力+大气压力）air blast pump：抽气泵quay：码头direction handle：换向手柄coke deposit：积碳asphalt：沥青boss：桨毂hub：桨毂，轮毂variable pitch propeller：调距桨controllable pitch propeller：调距桨constant pitch propeller：定距桨fixed pitch propeller：定距桨tail shaft：尾轴intermediate shaft、；中间轴mass：重量in turn：依次，循序thrust block：推力块thrust pad：推力块reversing gear：换向装置axial movement：轴向运动solid propeller：整体式螺旋桨stem：船尾astern：船尾bow：艏，船头apparent slip：滑失比helix：螺旋线helicoidal：螺旋面，螺旋状的uniform pitch：定螺距non-uniform pitch：不定螺距pitch ratio：螺距比rubber：橡胶sterntube bearing：尾轴管轴承common rail system：共轨燃油系统VIT= variable injection timing: 可喷油定时。

• 然而机械凸轮一旦安装就固定在那儿，尽 管有各种机械和液压的外加装置，如可变 喷油定时(VIT)机构等，定时控制的可调性 仍然是受机械凸轮限制的。
He xueming
China Maritime Police Academy
• Not least fuel injection pressure control and variation over the load range have limitations with a cam controlled engine 。
• 正在得到发展的电控无凸轮轴低速柴油机的 应用，是值得载入史册的柴油机技术史上的 里程碑，
He xueming
China Maritime Police Academy
•that deserves a place in history like Rudolf Diesel’s first engine in Augsburg, the 1912 motor vessel Selandia, the introduction of turbocharging on twostroke diesels in 1954，and the first SCR(Selective Catalytic NOx Reduction) systems on ships in 1989．
He xueming
China Maritime Police Academy
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produced in the machine.
The soft iron core(软铁芯) of the
field coils retains some magnetism (磁性) which enables a preliminary(初始的) current
generation to build up eventually
The magnetic field between the
poles is produced by what are known as “field coils(励磁线圈 )”. These coils are excited(励磁) or energized(供电) by the current
Carbon brushes rest on these rings as they rotate and collect the current for use in an external circuit.
Current collected in this way will be alternating, that is, changing in direction and rising and falling in value. To increase the current produced, additional sets of poles may be introduced.
The current produced may be
increased by the use of many turns(匝数) of wire and additional h many coils connected to the commutator, sparking(火花) will