A_three-dimensional_numerical_simulation_of_impinging_jet_arrays_on_a_moving_plate

Formulas for the resistances of the tensile and the compressive shear struts of beams under biaxial shear forces have been developed by the coauthor (Mark, 2004; Mark 2005). They are valid for beams with rectangular cross sections, typical side aligned stirrups, normal strength concrete and arbitrary distributions of the longitudinal reinforcement. Moreover, there is no limitation for an
Abstract: A spatial finite element model of reinforced concrete (RC) beams with rectangular cross sections, typical side aligned stirrups and distributed or edge concentrated longitudinal reinforcement is presented. It is parameterised in its properties of geometry, material, discretisation and loads in biaxial directions. The concrete volume is discretisised into 8 or 20node solid elements. Truss elements discretely model each single reinforcement bar. They are coupled to the concrete elements using the ″embedded modelling″ technique. The ″concrete damage plasticity″ model of ABAQUS is used to describe the nonlinear material behaviour of concrete. Suitable material functions and material parameters are derived and verified to experimental data of (cyclic) uniaxial, biaxial or triaxial stress tests. Energy criteria and internal length parameters ensure almost mesh independent results of the simulations. An elasto-plastic material model with a gradually rising plastic branch is adopted for the reinforcing steel. The parametric model is verified to experimental data of uniaxial shear tests taken from the literature. Afterwards, it is used to establish a data base of biaxial shear resistances to check developed biaxial shear design formulas that base on simple strut and tie models. More than 100 simulations guarantee an extended and reliable verification that experiments – almost none of them are available in the literature – are not able to give. Moreover, the arrangement of the stirrups is optimised in dependence upon the distribution of the longitudinal reinforcement to minimise reinforcement amounts and increase bearing capacities.

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2006 年 4 月
泥沙研究 Journal of Sediment Research
第2期
黄河口泥沙输运三维数值模拟 Ⅰ
———黄河口切变锋
王厚杰 ,杨作升 ,毕乃双
(中国海洋大学 河口海岸带研究所 ,山东 青岛 266003)
摘要 :采用三维数学模型研究黄河口泥沙输运过程 ,并利用实测资料对模型进行了检验 。数值模拟结果揭示 了黄河口切变锋的时空运动过程及其对河口泥沙传输的作用 。黄河口切变锋在涨 、落潮时段存在两种不同的 形态 ,分别历时 2 小时左右 。切变锋在浅水区域产生 ,向深水区移动 ,经历 2 小时左右消失 ,它的产生是由于 近岸区域与 10 m 深线以外区域的潮汐相位差所导致 。切变锋对河口泥沙的向海传输有重要的阻隔作用 ,导 致河口泥沙集中在切变锋的向岸一侧随落潮流向北侧传输 ,在涨潮时河口向海排沙量降低 ,少量泥沙随涨潮 流沿岸向南传输 。长期的地貌演化表明切变锋对河口的淤积和侵蚀分区有重要的控制作用 ,导致河口泥沙在 其向岸一侧沉积 ,是长时间尺度的河口地貌演化对短时间尺度河口沉积动力过程的重要响应 。 关键词 : 黄河口 ;泥沙输运 ;数学模型 ;切变锋 ;地貌响应 中图分类号 :TV147 文献标识码 :A 文章编号 :04682155X(2006) 0220001209
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