大学英语考试大学英语四级CET4模拟题2020年(72)_真题无答案(886)

大学英语四级考试真题及答案(绝对完整）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a shortessay on the topic of students selecting their lectures. You should writeat least 120 words following the outline given bellow:1. 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？2. 也会带来一些问题3. 你的看法？Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go overthe passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. Forquestions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the informationgiven in the passage.How Do You See Diversity?As a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for someof the positions with her company .During one interview, she noticed thatthe candidate never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and somewhatdisappointed because she liked the individual otherwise. He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions, but thefact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,” so shedecided to offer the job to her second choice.“It wasn’t until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized theperson we passed over was the perfect person,” Tiffany confesses. Whatshe hadn’t known at the time of the interview was that the candidate’s“different”behavior was simply a cultural misunderstanding . He was an Asian-Americanraised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown byaverting(避开) your eyes.“I was just thrown off by the lack of ye contact; not realizing it wascultural,” Tiffany says. “I missed out ,but will not miss thatopportunity again.”Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive asdifferent. As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse,it is becoming essential to expand our under-standing of others and toreexamine some of our false assumptions .Hire AdvantageAt a time when hiring qualified people is becoming moredifficult ,employers who can eliminate invalid biases(偏爱) from theprocess have a distinct advantage .My company, Mindsets LLC ,helpsorganizations and individuals see their own blind spots . A real estaterecruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference suchtraining can make .“During my Mindsets coaching session ,I was taught how to recruit a diversified workforce. I recruited people from different cultures and skill sets .The agents were able to utilize their full potential and experiences to build up the company .When the real estate market began to change, it was because we had a diverse agent pool that we were able to stay in the real estate market much longer than others in the same profession.”Blinded by GenderDale is an account executive who attended one of my workshops onsu pervising a diverse workforce . “Through one of the sessions ,I discovered my personal bias ,” he recalls . “I learned I had not been looking at a person as a whole person , and being open to differences .” In his case , the blindness was not about culture but rather gender.“I had a management position open in my department ;and the two finalists were a man and a woman . Had I not attended this workshop , I would have automatically assumed the man was the best candidate because the position required quite a bit of extensive travel . My reasoning would have been that even though both candidates were great and could have been successful in the position , I assumed the woman would have wanted to be home with her children and not travel .”Dale’s assumptions are another example of the well-intentioned but incorrect thinking that limits an organization’s ability to tap into the full potential of a diverse workforce.“I learned from the class that instead of imposing my gender biases into the situation , I needed to present the full range of duties, responsibilities and expectations to all candidates and allow them to make an informed decision .” Dale credits the workshop , “because it helped me make decisions based on fairness .”Year of the Know-It-AllDoug is another supervisor who attended one of my workshops .He recalls a major lesson learned from his own employee.“One of my most embarrassing moments was when I had a Chinese-American employee put in a request to take time off to celebrate Chinese New Year . In my ignorance , I assumed he had his dates wrong , as the first of January had just passed . When I advised him of this , I gave him a long talking-to about turning in requests early with the proper dates .“He pati ently waited , then when I was done , he said he would like Chinese New Year did not begin January first , and that Chinese New Year ,which is tied to the lunar cycle ,is one of the most celebrated holidays on theChinese calendar . Needless to say , I felt very embarrassed in assuminghe had his dates mixed up . But I learned a great deal about assumptions ,and that the timing of holidays varies considerably from culture toculture .“Attending the diversity workshop helped me realize how much I couldlearn by simply asking questions and creating dialogues with my employees ,rather than making assumptions and trying to be a know-it-all ,” Dougadmits . “The biggest thing I took away from the workshop is learninghow to be more ‘inclusive’ to differences.A better Bottom LineAn open mind about diversity not only improves organizationsinternally , it is profitable as well . These comments from a customerservice representative show how an inclusive attitude can improvesales .”Most of my customers speak English as a second language . Oneof the best things my company has done is to contract with a languageservice that offers translations over the phone . It wasn’t until my bossreceived Mindsets’ training that she was able to understand how importantinclusiveness was to customer service . As result , our customer base hasincreased .”Once we start to see people as individuals . and discard thestereotypes , we can move positively toward inclusiveness for everyone .Diversity is about coming together and taking advantage of our differencesand similarities . It is about building better communities andorganizations that enhance us as individuals and reinforce our sharedhumanity .When we begin to question our assumptions and challenge what we think wehave learned from our past , from the media, peers , family , friends ,etc , we begin to realize that some of our conclusions are flawed(有缺陷的) or contrary to our fundamental values . We need to train our-selvesto think differently , shift our mindsets and realize that diversity opensdoors for all of us ,creating opportunities in organizations andcommunities that benefit everyone.1. What bothered Tiffany during an interview with her candidate?A) He just wouldn’t look her in the eye.B) He was slow in answering her questions.C) His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant.D) His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant.2. Tiffany’s misjudgment about the candidate stemmed from _____.A) Racial stereotypes. C) Racial stereotypes.B) Invalid personal bias . D) Emphasis on physical appearance3. What is becoming essential in the course of economic globalizationaccording to the author?A) Hiring qualified technical and management personnel.B) Increasing understanding of people of other cultures.C) Constantly updating knowledge and equipment.D) Expanding domestic and international markets.4. What kind of organization is Mindsets LLC?A) A real estate agency. C) A cultural exchange organization.B) A personnel training company. D) A hi-tech company5. After one of the workshops ,account executive Dale realized that _____.A) He had hired the wrong person.B) He could have done more for his company.C) He had not managed his workforce well.D) He must get rid of his gender bias.6. What did Dale think of Mindsets LLC’s workshop?A) It was well-intentioned but poorly conducted.B) It tapped into the executives’ full potential.C) It helped him make fair decisions.D) It met participants’ di verse needs.7. How did Doug, a supervisor, respond to a Chinese-American employee’srequest for leave?A) He told him to get the dates right. C)He flatly turned it downB) He demanded an explanation. D)He readily approved it.8. Doug felt _____ when he realized that his assumption was wrong.9. After attending Mindsets’ workshops, the participants came to knowthe importance of _____ to their business.10. When we view people as individuals and get rid of stereotypes , wecan achieve diversity and benefit from the _____ between us.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 Minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questionswill be asked about what was said .Both the conversation and the questionswill be spoken only once .After each question there will be a pause .During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A),B),C) and D),and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letteron Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. A) She expected more people at her party.B) She enjoys entertaining small children .C) She threw a surprise party for her friendD) She has always enjoyed great popularity.12. A) They are not used to living in a cold place.B) They feel lucky to live in Florida.C) They are going to have a holiday.D) They have not booked their air tickets yet.13. A) He was pleased to get the medal. C) He used to be a firefighter.(B) He was very courageous. D) He was accused of causing a fire.14。

2020四级考试试卷真题2020年大学英语四级考试真题一、听力理解（共25分）Section A1. 听下面对话，从A、B、C中选出能回答所提问题的正确答案。

- 问题：What is the man going to do?- A. Go to the library.- B. Go to the bookstore.- C. Go to the cinema.2. 听下面对话，从A、B、C中选出能回答所提问题的正确答案。

- 问题：Why does the woman refuse the man's invitation? - A. She has to work overtime.- B. She is not interested in the movie.- C. She has seen the movie already.Section B1. 听下面短文，从A、B、C中选出能回答所提问题的正确答案。

- 问题：What is the main topic of the passage?- A. The importance of environmental protection.- B. The impact of technology on daily life.- C. The benefits of a healthy lifestyle.2. 听下面短文，从A、B、C中选出能回答所提问题的正确答案。

- 问题：What does the speaker suggest we should do?- A. Reduce the use of plastic products.- B. Encourage recycling in the community.- C. Support local businesses.Section C1. 听下面对话，从A、B、C中选出能回答所提问题的正确答案。

2020年普通高等学校招生统一考试英语卷(四)(时间：100分钟，满分：120分)第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)第一节(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A (2019·广州市调研测试)1．What is the cost for two nights of accommodation for two people at the Yakamoz Hotel with the Lonely Planet guide book discount?A．￡88. B．￡80.C．￡72. D．￡64.C[考查数字计算。

根据Turkey—Yakamoz Hotel部分中的“2019 rates—twin bedded rooms ￡20 per person”和“Show this ad to get an exclusive 10% Lonely Planet guide book discount”，并结合题干可知，两个人两夜优惠后应付的费用是：￡20×2×2×90%＝￡72，故选C。

]2．Rail holidays are available for ．A．North America，Europe and AustraliaB．North America，South America and AsiaC．Australia，Asia and EuropeD．North America，South America and AustraliaD [考查推理判断。

根据Rail Holidays of the World 部分中提到的“Peru ”“Brazil ” “Califonia ”“Eastern Canada ”“Australia & New Zealand ”可推知，在这个度假活动中可以去北美洲、南美洲和澳大利亚，故选D 。

2020年七⽉英语四级真题及答案2020年7⽉英语四级考试已结束,⼩编整理了2020年7⽉英语四级真题参考答案,希望能够给考完的你⼀些参考,快来查看吧。

写作真题Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the use of translation apps. You can start your essay with the sentence "The use of translation apps is becoming increasingly popular. " You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.7⽉四级作⽂真题答案题⽬解析⼤学英语四六级考试在2020年上半年“虽迟但到”。

今天，我们来跟随⽂都教育对此次英语四级考试题⽬中的作⽂进⾏⼀个深度了解。

本次英语四级作⽂话题是翻译软件，不难看出此次题⽬所考察的话题是很贴合时事的——互联⽹应⽤，当然从题⽬本⾝也可知此次作⽂主要考查学⽣的⽴意和论述⾓度与⽴场。

话不多说，我们来看看⽂都四六级名师在拿到真题之后给出的范⽂，以供参考。

参考范⽂The use of translation apps is becoming increasingly popular. Consequently ,people are getting more opportunities to speak or meet another language but their own mother tongue with the development of the economy. Undoubtedly , an app of translation is crucial for people who cannot handle the language perfectly. But the viewpoints are split one whether this kind of apps are wholly a good thing.Where there is a light , there is a shadow. Some people argue that a translation app will bridge them with the native speakers adequately no matter who will be a traveler or a businessman. It will pose a huge threat for people who can not understand what they say. Fortunately , everyone will interact richly with the apps like this. On the other hand, some people think that the translations app cannot fully create and convey the feelings on the authentic language. As a result , it will bring more misunderstandings. Besides, the opponents take the point of view that people will be more over-reliant on the mobile-phones and Internet.Form where I stand , I would take the the translation on this kind of apps as a reference rather than a kind of dependence. The most effective and beneficial way to express yourself and communicate with a foreigner is to improve one’s ability to exert this unfamiliar language. As an old saying goes is Practice makes perfect.范⽂参考译⽂：在经济飞速发展的当下，⼈们有越来越多的机会使⽤外语。

英语模拟四参考答案一、1--5 CCBAA6—10 BAACB 11—15 BABCB16--20 DACBE二、21--25 DCBBA 26--30 BCABD 31--35 CDBCD36--40 CEADB三、41—45 ADBCB 46—50 DAADC 51—55 BABDC四、第一节56.waited57.handing58.but59.what60.them61.answers62. about63.silently64.problems65.given第二节66.my 67.and 68. up 69.the 70. as五、71. How is everything going?/How are you?72.Well, why did you go there?/What did you do there?73. You are always the best./You’re good at it.74. Whose poem did you read?75. It was educational.（言之有理，即可得分。

）六、The best view I’ve seenIf you look closely to life, you will find beautiful views in our life everywhere. Today I want to share the best view I’ve seen with you.That was a hot day. I saw two kids giving bottled water to passers-by on the roadside. I was wondering if they were selling bottled water to earn money. Then their mother came up and explained they were teaching their children to give without asking anything in return. Those who received water all gave the kids a big smile, saying thanks to them.The busy figures and kind smiles of the mother and her kids on that hot day were the best view I’ve seen. It is them who taught me to show my kindness to people around, hoping our world become more beautiful.听力材料一、听力理解第一节：听下面5段对话。

2020年7月大学英语四级cet4试题及答案解析Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the use of translation apps. You can start your essay with the sentence "The use of translation apps is becomging increasingly popular. " You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.破题思路：首段：很多人在用翻译APP(现象)中间段：翻译APP的利弊尾段：我的建议参考范文1：The use of translation apps is becoming increasingly popular. Why? Admittedly, in the contemporay society, an increasing number of people, with the help of translation apps, find it convenient to read foreign literature or essays.On the one hand, these apps can bring users greater efficiency and help them save more time or energy, particularly for those who have no knowledge of a foreign language. For instance, a host of people may have a variety of difficulties or troubles in learning English, but with the assistance of these apps, it will not be difficult for them to read and understand English materials. On the other hand, it is these apps that cuase some learners to lose motivation for studying. With Apps in hand, they are not willing to do their utmost to memorize new words, pratice speaking or writing skills every day. Fianlly, they will fail to get a good command of any foreign language.I, as a college student, deem that it is of great necessity for youngsters to use translations apps in a rational way. We should bear in mind that any translation app is merely a tool. Provided that one intends to master a foreign language, it is advisabel to practice each day instead of relying on translation apps.译文：翻译APP的使用变得越来越普遍流行。

2020年12月大学英语四级考试真题（二）Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write on the topic Changes in the Way of Transportation. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension(25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section,you will hear three news reports. At the end ofeach news report,you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), 'C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) He wanted to buy a home.B) He suffered from a shock.2. A) Invite the waiter to a fancy dinner.B)Tell her story to the Daily News.C) He lost a huge sum of money.D) He did an unusual good deed.C) Give some money to the waiter.D) Pay the waiter's school tuition.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard3. A) Whether or not to move to the state's mainland.B)How to keep the village from sinking into the sea.C) Where to get the funds for rebuilding their village.D) What to do about the rising level of the seawater.4. A) It takes too long a time.B) It costs too much money.C) It has to wait for the state's final approval.D) It faces strong opposition from many villagers.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A) To investigate whether people are grateful for help.B) To see whether people hold doors open for strangers.C) To explore ways of inducing gratitude in people.D) To find out how people express gratitude.6. A) They induced strangers to talk with them.B) They helped 15 to 20 people in a bad mood.C) They held doors open for people at various places.D) They interviewed people who didn't say thank you.7. A) People can be educated to be grateful.B) Most people express gratitude for help.C) Most people have bad days now and then.D) People are ungrateful when in a bad mood.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end ofeach conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A)To order a solar panel installation.B) To report a serious leak in his roof.9. A) He plans to install solar panels.B)He owns a four-bedroom house.10.A)The service of the solar panel company.B) The cost of a solar panel installation.11. A) One year and a half.B)Less than four years.C) To enquire about solar panel installations.D) To complain about the faulty, solar panels.C) He saves $ 300 a year.D) He has a large family.C)The maintenance of the solar panels.D) The quality of the solar panels.C)Roughly six years.D) About five years.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) At a travel agency.B) At an Australian airport.C) At an airline transfer service.D) At a local transportation authority.13. A) She would be able to visit more scenic spots.B) She wanted to save as much money as possible.C) She would like to have everything taken care of.D) She wanted to spend more time with her family.14.A)Four days.B)Five days.15.A)Choosing some activities herself.B)Spending Christmas with Australians.C)One week.D)Two weeks.C)Driving along the Great Ocean Road.D) Learning more about wine making.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage,you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) Bring their own bags when shopping.B) Use public transport when traveling.C) Dispose of their trash properly.D) Pay a green tax upon arrival.17. A) It has not been doing a good job in recycling.B) It has witnessed a rise in accidental drowning.C) It has not attracted many tourists in recent years.D)It has experienced an overall decline in air quality.18. A) To charge a small fee on plastic products in supermarkets.B) To ban single-use plastic bags and straws on Bali Island.C)To promote the use of paper bags for shopping.D) To impose a penalty on anyone caught littering.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) It gives birth to several babies at a time.B) It is the least protected mammal species.20.A) Global warming.B) Polluted seawaters.21.A)To mate.B)To look for food.C) Its breeding grounds are now better preserved.D) Its population is now showing signs of increase.C) Commercial hunting.D)Decreasing birthrates.C)To escape hunters.D)To seek breeding grounds.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) They prefer to drink low-fat milk.B) They think milk is good for health.23. A) It is not as healthy as once thought.B) It is not easy to stay fresh for long.24. A) They drink too many pints every day.B)They are sensitive to certain minerals.25. A) It is easier for sick people to digest.B) It provides some necessary nutrients.C) They consume less milk these days.D)They buy more milk than the British.C) It benefits the elderly more.D) It tends to make people fat.C) They lack the necessary proteins to digest it.D)They have eaten food incompatible with milk.C) It is healthier than other animal products.D) It supplies the body with enough calories.PartII Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list ofchoices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified bya letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.When my son completes a task, I can't help but praise him. It's only natural to give praise where praise is due, right? But is there such a thing as too much praise?According to psychologist Katherine Phillip, children don't-benefit from_26 '_praise as much as we'd like to think. “Parents' often praise, believing they are building their child's self-confidence. However,over-praising can have a27effect,”says Phillip.“When we use the same praise 28_,it may become empty and no longer valued by the child. It can also become an expectation that anything they do must be29with praise. This may lead to the child avoiding taking risks due to fear of 30 their parents.”Does this mean we should do away with all the praise? Phillip says no. “The key to healthy praise is to focus on the process rather than the 31_. It is the recognition of a child's attempt, or the process in which they achieved something, that is essential,”she says. “Parents should encourage their child to take the risks needed to learn and grow.”So how do we break the32of praise we're all so accustomed to? Phillip says it's important to 33between “person praise”and “process praise”. “Person praise is34saying how great someone is. It's a form of personal approval. Process praise is acknowledgement of the efforts the personhas just35.Children who receive person praise are more likely to feel shame after losing,”saysPhillip.A)chooseB)constant C)disappointingD)distinguishE)exhaustingF)experiencedG)negativeH)outcomeI)patternJ)plural K)repeatedly L)rewarded M)separately N)simply O)undertakenSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Poverty is a story about us, not themA) Too often still, we think we know what poverty looks like. It's the way we've been taught, the images we've been force-fed for decades. The chronically homeless. The undocumented immigrant.The urban poor, usually personified as a woman of color, the “welfare queen”politicians still too often reference.B) But as income inequality rises to record levels in the UJnited States, even in the midst of a record economic expansion, those familiar images are outdated, hurtful, and counterproductive to focusing attention on solutions and building ladders of opportunity.C) Today's faces of income inequality and lack of opportunity look like all of us. It's Anna Landre, a disabled Georgetown University student fighting to keep health benefits that allow her the freedom to live her life. It's Tiffanie Standard, a counselor fór young women of color in Philadelphia'who want to be tech entrepreneurs-but who must work multiple jobs to stay afloat. It's KenOutlaw, a welder in rural North Carolina whose dream of going back to school at àlocal community college was dashed by Hurricane Florence-just one of the extreme weather events that have tipped the balance for struggling Americans across the nation.D) If these are the central characters of our story about poverty, what layers of perceptions, myths,and realities must we unearth to find meaningful solutions and support? In pursuit of revealing this complicated reality, Mothering Justice, led by women of color, went last year to the state capital in Lansing,Michigan, to lobby on issues that affect working mothers. One of the Mothering Justice 'organizers went to the office of a state representative to talk about the lack of affordable childcare-the vestiges（痕迹）of a system that expected mothers to stay home with their children while their husbands worked. A legislative staffer dismissed the activist's concerns, telling her “my husband took care of that-I stayed home.”E)That comment, says Mothering Justice director Danielle Atkinson, “was meant to shame”and relied on the familiar notion that a woman of color concerned about income inequality and programs that promote mobility must by definition be a single mom, probably with multiple kids. In this case,the Mothering Justice activist happened to be married. And in most cases in the America of 2019,the images that come to mind when we hear the words poverty or income inequality fail miserably inreflecting a complicated reality: poverty touches virtually all of us. The face of income inequality, for all but a very few of us, is the one we each see in the mirror.F) How many of us are poor in the U. S. ? It depends on who you ask. According to the Census Bureau, 38 million people in the U. S. are living below the official poverty thresholds. Taking into account economic need beyond that absolute measure, the Institute for Policy Studies found that 140 million people are poor or low-income. That's almost half the U.S. population.G)Whatever the measure, within that massive group, poverty is extremely diverse. We know that some people are more affected than others, like children, the elderly, people with disabilities,and people of color.H) But the fact that 4 in 10 Americans can't come up with $400 in an emergency is a commonly cited statistic for good reason: economic instability stretches across race, gender, and geography. It even reaches into the middle classes，as real wages have stagnated（不增长）for all but the very wealthy and temporary spells of financial instability are not uncommon.I)Negative images remain of who is living in poverty as well as what is needed to move out of it. The big American myth is that you can pull yourself up by your own efforts and change a bad situation into a good one. The reality is that finding opportunity without help from families, friends, schools, and community is virtually impossible. And the playing field is nothing close to level.J)The FrameWorks Institute, a research group that focuses on public framing of issues, has studied what sustains stereotypes and narratives of poverty in the United Kingdom. “People view economic success and wellbeing in life as a product of choice, willpower, and drive,”says Nat Kendall-Taylor, CEO of FrameWorks. “When we see people who are struggling," he says, those assumptions “lead us to the perception that people in poverty are lazy, they don't care, and they haven't made the right decisions.”K)Does this sound familiar? Similar ideas surround poverty in the U.S. And these assumptions give a false picture of reality. “When people enter into that pattern of thinking,”says Kendall-Taylor,“it's cognitively comfortable to make sense of issues of poverty in that way. It creates a kind of cognitive blindness-all of the factors external to a person's drive and choices that they've made become invisible and fade from view.”L) Those external factors include the difficulties accompanying low-wage work or structural discrimination based on race, gender, or ability. Assumptions get worse when people who are poor use government benefits to help them survive. There is a great tension between “the poor”and those who are receiving what has become a dirty word:“welfare.”M)According to the General Social Survey, 71 percent of respondents believe the country is spending too little on “assistance to the poor.”On the other hand, 22 percent think we are spending too little on “welIfare”: 37 percent believe we are spending too much.N)“Poverty has been interchangeable with people of color-specifically black women and black mothers,”says Atkinson of Mothering Justice. It's true that black mothers are more affected by poverty than many other groups, yet they are disproportionately the face of poverty. For example, Americans routinely overestimate the share of black recipients of public assistance programs.O) In reality, most people will experience some form of financial hardship at some point in their lives. Indeed,people tend to dip in and out of poverty, perhaps due to unexpected obstacles like losing a job, or when hours of a low-wage job fluctuate.P)Something each of us can do is to treat each other with the dignity and sympathy that is deserved and to understand deeply that the issue of poverty touches all of us.36. One legislative staffer assumed that a woman of color who advocated affordable childcare must be a single mother.37. People from different races, genders, and regions all suffer from a lack of financial security.38. According to a survey, while the majority believe too little assistance is given to the poor, more than a third believe too much is spent on welfare.39. A research group has found that Americans who are struggling are thought to be lazy and to have made the wrong decisions.40. Under the old system in America, a mother was supposed to stay home and take care of her children.41. It was found that nearly 50% of Americans are poor or receive low pay.42. Americans usually overestimate the number of blacks receiving welfare benefits.43. It is impossible for Americans to lift themselves out of poverty entirely on their own.44.Nowadays, it seems none of us can get away from income inequality.45. Assumptions about poor people become even more negative when they live on welfare.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Boredom has, paradoxically, become quite interestingto academics lately. In early May,London's Boring Conference celebrated seven years of delighting in dullness. At this event, people flocked to talks about weather, traffic jams, and vending-machine sounds, among other sleep-inducing topics.What, exactly, is everybody studying? One widely accepted psychological definition of boredom is “the distasteful experience of wanting, but being unable, to engage in satisfying activity.”But how can you quantify a person's boredom level and compare it with someone else's? In 1986, psychologists introduced the Boredom Proneness Scale, designed to measure an individual's overall tendency to feel bored.By contrast, the Multidimensional State Boredom Scale, developed in 2008, measures a person's feelings of boredom in a given situation.Boredom has been linked to behavior issues including inattentive driving, mindless snaçking, excessive drinking, and addictive gambling. In fact, many of us would choose pain over boredom. One team of psychologists discovered that two-thirds of men and a quarter of women would rather self-administer electric shocks than sit alone with their thoughts for 15 minutes. Researching this phenomenon, another team asked volunteers to watch boring, sad, or neutral films, during which they could self-administer electric shocks. The bored volunteers shocked themselves more and harder than the sad or neutral ones did.But boredom isn't all bad. By encouraging self-reflection and daydreaming, it can spur creativity. An early study gave participants abundant time to complete problem-solving and word-association exercises. Once all the obvious answers were exhausted, participants gave more and more inventive answers tocombat boredom. A British study took these findings one step further, asking subjects to complete a creative challenge (coming up with a list of alternative uses for a household item). One group of subjects did a boring activity first, while the others went straight to the creative task. Those whose boredom pumps had been primed were more productive.In our always-connected world, boredom may be a hard-to-define state, but it is a fertile one. Watch paint dry or water boil, or at least put away your smartphone for a while, and you might unlock your next big idea.46. When are people likely to experience boredom, according to an accepted psychological definition?A) When they don't have the chance to do what they want.B)When they don't enjoy the materials they are studying.C) When they experience something unpleasant. .D) When they engage in some routine activities.47. What does the author say boredom can lead to?A)Determination.B)Concentration.C)Mental deterioration.D)Harmful conduct.48. What is the finding of one team of psychologists in their experiment?A) Volunteers prefer watching a boring movie to sitting alone deliberating.B)Many volunteers choose to hurt themselves rather than endure boredom.C) Male volunteers are more immune to the effects of boredom than females.D) Many volunteers are unable to resist boredom longer than fifteen minutes.49. Why does the author say boredom isn't all bad?A) It stimulates memorization.B) It allows time for relaxation.C) It may promote creative thinking.D) It may facilitate independent learning.50. What does the author suggest one do when faced with a challenging problem?A) Stop idling and think big.B) Unlock one's smartphone.C) Look around oneself for stimulation.D) Allow oneself some time to be bored.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Forests in countries like Brazil and the Congo get a lot of attention from environmentalists, and it is easy to see why. South America and sub-Saharan Africa are experiencing deforestation on an enormous scale: every year almost 5 million hectares are lost. But forests are also changing in rich Western countries. They are growing larger, both in the sense that they occupy more land and that the trees in them are bigger. What is going on?Forests are spreading in almost all Western countries, with the fastest growth in places that historically had rather few trees. In 1990 28% of Spain was forested; now the proportion is 37%. In both Greece and Italy, the growth was from 26% to 32% over the same period. Forests are gradually taking more land in America and Australia. Perhaps most astonishing is the trend in Ireland. Roughly 1% of that country was forested when it became independent in 1922. Now forests cover 11% of the land, and the government wants to push the proportion to 18% by the 2040s.Two things are fertilising this growth. The first is the abandonment of farmland, especially in high, dry places where nothing grows terribly well. When farmers give up trying to earn a living from farming or herding, trees simply move in. The second is government policy and subsidy. Throughout history,governments have protected and promoted forests for diverse reasons, ranging from the need for wooden warships to a desire to promote suburban house-building. Nowadays forests are increasingly welcome because they suck in carbon pollution from the air. The justifications change; the desire for more trees remains constant.The greening of the West does not delight everyone. Farmers complain that land is being taken out of use by generously subsidised tree plantations. Parts of Spain and Portugal suffer from terrible forest fires. Others simply dislike the appearance of forests planted in neat rows. They will have to get used to the trees,however.The growth of Western forests seems almost as unstoppable as deforestation elsewhere.51. What is catching environmentalists' attention nowadays?A)Rich countries are stripping poor ones of their resources.B) Forests are fast shrinking in many developing countries.C) Forests are eating away the fertile farmland worldwide.D) Rich countries are doing little to address deforestation.52. Which countries have the fastest forest growth?A) Those that have newly achieved independence.B) Those that have the greatest demand for timber.C) Those that used to have the lowest forest coverage.D)Those that provide enormous government subsidies.53. What has encouraged forest growth historically?A) The government's advocacy.B) The use of wood for fuel.C) The favourable climate.D)The green movement.54. What accounts for our increasing desire for forests?A)Their unique scenic beauty.B) Their use as fruit plantations.C) Their capability of improving air quality.D) Their stable supply of building materials.55. What does the author conclude about the prospects of forestation?A) Deserts in sub-Saharan Africa will diminish gradually.B) It will play a more and more important role in people's lives.C)Forest destruction in the developing world will quickly slow down.D)Developed and developing countries are moving in opposite directions.Part IV Translation(30 minutes)Directions: For this part,you are allowed 80 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.春节前夕吃团圆饭是中国人的传统。

2020年大学英语四级词汇和语法全真模拟试题及答案（共五套）2020年大学英语四级词汇和语法全真模拟试题及答案（一）1. All of the plants now farmed on a large scale were developed from plants ____wild.A. that once growB. once they growC. they once grewD. once grew2. By the time you graduate, we____in Australia for one year.A. will be stayingB. will have stayedC. would have stayedD. have stayed3. He appreciated____the chance to deliver his thesis in the annual symposium on Comparative Literature.A. having givenB. to have been givenC. to have givenD. having been given4. The government official can hardly find sufficient grounds ____his arguments in favor of the revision of the tax law.A. on which to baseB. which to be based onC. to base onwhich D. on which to be based5. Living in the desert involves a lot of problems, ____ water shortage is the worst. A. not to mention B. ofwhich C. let alone D. for what6. Hydrogen is one of the most important element in the universe ____it provides the building blocks from which the other elements are produced.A.so thatB. but thatC. provided thatD. in that7. Just as relaxation is an important part of our lives,____stress.A.so isB. as it isC. and so isD. the same is8. Victor took a bus and headed for home, ____if his wife would have him back.A. not to knowB. not knownC. not knowingD. not having known9. We can make an exception ____.A. in any case of JohnB. in case of JohnC. in case of John’sD. in the case of John10. When the Cultural Revolution was launched in China, his father ___ college.A. attendedB. had been attendingC. was attendingD. has been attending11. My cat is a fussy eater, but my dog is so ____that she’ll swallow down anything that is put in front of her.A. indiscriminateB. choosyC. indefiniteD. picky12. “This house is more ____than the federal government!” Mac complained to his parents. “You have rules for everything.”A. systematicB. democraticC. bureaucraticD. public13. The American people’s ____of being polite is different from that held here in China.A. mindB. conceptC. considerationD. thought14. Well, that is probably all I can say about sports. Next time I’ll take up the topic of some other ____activities.A. refreshmentB. entertainmentC. pleasureD. leisure15. Where there is an earthquake, energy is ____in one area alonga crack in the earth crust.A. repelledB. releasedC. runD. rushed16. The old gardener used to keep all his tools and do it yourself equipment in a ____in the garden.A. barnB. roomC. hutD. shed17. I’ve got a big coffee____on the front of my dress.A. poreB. patchC. stainD. grease18. She broke her leg, but the ____healed quickly.A. fractureB. injuryC. skeletonD. cavity19. You’d better add them up. I’m not good at ____.A. figuresB. charactersC. summariesD. counters20. The girl chose some very pretty ____paper for the present.A. coveringB. wrappingC. packingD.collecting21. The two scholars worked at the task of writing a preface to the new dictionary for three hours ____last night.A. at lengthB. in fullC. on endD. in time22. I can’t read the marks and notes Jim made in the margin. They are too____.A.faintB. foggyC. transparentD. misty23. A highly organized system of irrigation is ____Chinese agriculture.A. typical ofB. consistent withC. famous forD. subject to24. Jack is very ____about wines.A. awareB. knowledgeableC. learnedD. informed25. As for Ann, I am not sure about her ____in Italian.A. fluencyB. clarityC. coherenceD. excellency试题答案与解析1. A) 【句意】大规模种植的农作物都繁衍于野生植物。

大学英语四级考试（CET 4）(恩波英语研究所命制)MODEL TEST— Band Four —(6 MSH 2)试题册（125分钟）-Part ⅠWriting(30 minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上，请在答题卡1上作答。

Part ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1~7, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN)if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8~10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.The T rouble with T elevisionIt is difficult to escape the influence of television. If you fit the statistical averages, by the age of 20 you will have been exposed to at least 20,000 hours of television. Y ou can add10,000 hours for each decade you have lived after the age of 20. The only things Americans do more than watch television are work and sleep.Calculate for a moment what could be done with even a part of those hours. Five thousand hours, I am told, are what a typical college undergraduate spends working on a bachelors degree. In 10,000 hours you could have learned enough to become an astronomer or engineer. Y ou could have learned several languages fluently. If it appealed to you, youcould be reading Homer in the original Greek or Dostoyevsky in Russian. If it didn t, you could have walked around the world and written a book about it.The trouble with television is that it discourages concentration. Almost anything interesting and rewarding in life requires some constructive, consistently applied effort. The dullest,the least gifted of us can achieve things that seem miraculous to those who never concentrate onanything. But television encourages us to apply no effort. It sells us instantgratification（满意）. It diverts us only to divert, to make the time pass without pain. Television s variety becomes a narcotic（麻醉的）, nor a stimulus. Its serial, kaleidoscopic （万花筒般的）exposures force us to follow its lead. The viewer is on a perpetual guidedtour: 30 minutes at the museum, 30 at the cathedral, 30 for a drink, then back on the bus to the next attraction—except on television, typically, the spans allotted arc on theorder of minutes or seconds, and the chosen delights are more often car crashes and people killing one another. In short, a lot of television usurps（篡夺；侵占）one of the mostprecious of all human gifts, the ability to focus your attention yourself, rather than just passively surrender it.Capturing your attention—and holding it—is the prime motive of most television programming and enhances its role as a profitable advertising vehicle. Programmers live in constantfear of losing anyone s attention—anyone s. The surest way to avoid doing so is to keep everything brief, not to strain the attention of anyone but instead to provide constantstimulation through variety, novelty, action and movement. Quite simply, television operates on the appeal to the short attention span.It is simply the easiest way out. But it has come to be regarded as a given, as inherent in the medium itself; as an imperative, as though General Sarnoff, or one of the other augustpioneers of video, had bequeathed（遗留；传于）to us tablets of stone commanding that nothing in television shall ever require more than a few moments Concentration.In its place that is fine. Who can quarrel with a medium that so brilliantly packages escapist entertainment as a mass marketing tool? But I see its values now pervading this nationand its life. It has become fashionable to think that, like fast food, fast ideas are the way to get to a fast moving, impatient public.In the case of news, this practice, in my view, results in inefficient communication. I question how much of television s nightly news effort is really absorbable and understandable.Much of it is what has been aptly described as “machine gunning with scraps.”I think the technique fights coherence. I think it tends to make things ultimately boring (unless theyare accompanied by horrifying pictures) because almost anything is boring if you know almost nothing about it.I believe that TV s appeal to the short attention span is not only inefficient communication but decivilizing as well. Consider the casual assumptions that television tends tocultivate: that complexity must be avoided, that visual stimulation is a substitute for thought, thatverbal precision is an anachronism. It may be old fashioned, but I was taughtthat thought is words, arranged in grammatically precise.There is a crisis of literacy in this country. One study estimates that some 30 million adult Americans are “functionally illiterate” and cannot read or write well enough to answer thewant ad or understand the instructions on a medicine bottle.Literacy may not be an inalienable human right, but it is one that the highly literate Founding Fathers might not have found unreasonable or even unattainable. We are not only notattaining it as a nation, statistically speaking, but we are falling further and further short of attaining it. And, while I would not be so simplistic as to suggest that television is thecause, I believe it contributes and is an influence.Everything about this nation—the structure of the society, its forms of family organization, its economy, its place in the world—has become more complex, not less. Y et itsdominating communications instrument, its principal form of national linkage, is one that sells neat resolutions to human problems that usually have no neat resolutions. It is allsymbolized in my mind by the hugely successful art form that television has made central to the culture, the 30 second commercial: the tiny drama of the earnest housewife whofinds happiness in choosing the right toothpaste.When before in human history has so much humanity collectively surrendered so much of its leisure to one toy, one mass diversion? When before has virtually an entire nationsurrendered itself wholesale to a medium for selling?Some years ago Y ale University law professor Charles L. Black. Jr. wrote: “… forced feeding on trivial fare is not itself a trivial matter. I think this society is being forced, fed with trivialfare, and I fear that the effects on our habits of mind, our language, our tolerance for effort, and our appetite for complexity are only dimly perceived. If I am wrong, we will havedone no harm to look at the issue skeptically and critically, to consider how we should be residing it. I hope yo u will join with me in doing so.”注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上作答；8~10题在答题卡1上。