大学英语3

Unit 1Active reading 1First reading Task 1CFirst reading Task 2BCCDCAReading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 11.attendance2.ambitious3.productive4.resistance5.script6.acceptanceReading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 21.mortgage2.deck3.surf4.(1)coastal (2) defy5.clamped6.criticized7.hauled8.precedingReading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 3 BABBB BABBActive reading 2First reading TaskReading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 1 1. (1)elapsed (2) cemetery2. (1)rear (2) crammed3triple4. (1)budding (2) biography5.finite6.dwellers7.invest8.skip9.inevitableReading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 2 ABAAA BAAAB BAABB BAGuided writingWriting Task 11-b,2-c,3-aWriting Task 21-c,2-a,3-bUnit testPart I: Vocabulary and StructureSection A1.ingenious2.promotion3.surf4.provisiona5.Chronologically6.ambitious7.Inevitably8.skip9.impromptu10.resistance11.untimely12.defy13.permanently14.attendance15.prologue16.allot17.acceptance18.uncertainty19.productive20.humiliationSection B21.on22.out23.for24.to25.about26.in27.of28.at29.out30.underPart II: Banked Cloze31.promotion32.transition33.sidelines34.lengthy35.rear36.dwellers37.mortgage38.finite39.budding40.coastalPart III: Reading ComprehensionCBDDAUnit 2Active reading 1First reading Task 11.The parents couldn't afford to give the children expensivepresents,so they would buy presents after Christmas at a reduced price.2. Other children's parents told them that their presents were left by Santa Claus and made in the North Pole.In fact,the presentswere made in Japan and left by the parents.3.They celebrated Christmas about a week later,because at that time they could get Christmas trees,wrapping paper,decorations,andpresents more cheaply,or even for free.4.One child went into the desert with the father each time.5.They went to see the stars because the father wanted to"give" eachchild a star or planet.He said that these were their Christmas presens.6.According to the father,the stars didn't belong to anyone,sothey could be claimed by the children.7.Betelgeuse and Rigel are stars,while Venus is a planet,not a star.Venus is smaller than a star and doesn't make its own light.8.The stars last much longer than toys.The father says that whenthe toys are all broken and forgotten,the stars will still exist.First reading Task 2CReading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 11.twinkle2.horizon3.deceiveyer5.descendants6.magneticReading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 21.marbles2.junkbel4.mythical5.logicalReading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 3B A B B A A AActive reading 2First reading Task 11.expected to be good and industrious2.developing a process of acquiring thought,reason and understanding3.regularly beaten and told off by parents and older siblings until they develop social competence,seen as being very naughty.4.trcated with great care and reverence,believed that they arein contact with the spirit world.5.seen as incompetent and irresponsible; playing not working,going to school not labouring,consumption instead of productionpetent and responsible; expected to workpetent and responsible; girls expected to work from a young age,be married and have children at 12 or 13; boys have fewerresponsibilities and get married laterFirst reading Task 2DABDCCReading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 11.contact2.harsh3.consumers4.knitting5.colonies6.take exception to7.impose8.perspect ive9.interveneReading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 21.continual2.dependent on3.ethnic5.outsiders6.reluctance7.externalReading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 3A A AB A B B ALanguage in useTask 11.The star ofthe play is a Hollywood actor.2.I couldn't refuse his offer.3.Columbus claimed America in the name of Queen Isabella.4.He touched the hot dish and burmed his fingers.5.We laughed about all the kids who believed in Santa.6.Our ideas about childhood have undergone changes over the years.7.Our view about children is that they are incompetent and dependent.8.Social anthropologists have questions about the role of childhood in the community.1.irreplaceable2.irrational3.unacceptable4.ineffcient5.inaccurate6.unlikelyTask 3The clauses that usually follow rather than are main clauses,subordinate clauses and-ing form clauses.Note: Nouns can also come after rather than.Task 41.Rather than celebrating Christmas on December 25,they waiteda week.2.Her father offered her the planet Venus,rather than traditional Christmas present.3.Venus is a planet,rather than a star.4.Rather than broken junk,they would always have their stars.5.Rather than work,a child's li fe today is characterized by play.6.Parents treat their children with leniency, rather than reasoning with them.1.core competence2.(1)imposes (2)ban3.tight-knit4.(1)knit (2 )brows5.(1)knit (2) jumper /hat6.energy consumptionTask 6在西方，做父母的非常了解受父母过度保护的孩子的弱点:这些孩子害怕冒险，缺乏决断力，缺少在现实生活中获得成功的手段; 上大学时，许多人无法较好地适应大学生活的严苛，退学是常有的事。

Language in Use
4. Rewrite the sentences using insist that … 1 I met an old friend who refused to let me go before I had a drink with him. I met an old friend, who insisted that I have a drink with him before he let me go. 2 The customs people refused to let me through unless I signed a document they gave me. The customs people insisted that I sign a document they gave me before they let me through.
Language in Use
2. Rewrite the sentences using might have been / done. 1 It’s possible that the artist and the model became lovers. The artist and the model might have been lovers. 2 It’s possible that Catharina was never jealous of the model. Catharina might never have been jealous of the model.
Language in Use
3 engage This word can mean to start to employ someone or use their services. (a) If you get engaged to someone, what are you planning to do? You are planning to get married with the person. (b) If government forces have engaged with rebels, what is happening? The government forces are fighting the rebels. (c) If you engage someone in conversation, what do you do? You talk to them and try to interest them in a conversation.

新编大学英语3原文篇一：新编大学英语3课后练习答案与课文完整版(包括预习课后阅读)103fBook 3课后练习参考答案：Unit 1Part onepreparation1.1）Gentle2）Dedicated3）Considerate4）Adventurous5）Calm6）Aggressive7）Critical8）Energetic9）Selfish10）Ambition11）Self-confident12）Easygoing13）Truthful14）Outgoing15）Frank16）Sensitive17）Bossy18）Patient19）Talkative20）Persuasive21）Sympathetic22）Emotional2.Jobs Personalitysalesperson undependable、shrewd、tricky、boastfulteacher knowledge、talkative、patient、energetic、unselfish、tolerantdoctor calm、skillful、sympathetic、careful、unselfishpolice office brave、calm、alert、carefulaccount cautious、careful、efficient、truthfullawyer knowledge、persuasive、talkative、expressive、intelligenttourist guide energetic、good-tempered、talkativehost or hostess of a show quick-minded、humorous、knowledge、expressive、emotional reporter adventurous、brave、curious、efficientsecretary considerate、careful、efficient、easygoingspokesperson diplomatic、intelligent、eloquentIII. Post-ReadingReading Comprehension1. Understanding the Organization of the Text1) Introduction: (Para.1)Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people.2) Reasons why shyness can have a negative effect: (Para.2&3)People’s self-concept has a profound effect on all areas of their lives.People with high self-esteem usually act with confidence.People with low self-esteem are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others.3) Ways of overcoming shyness: (Para.4-15)i) Recognize your personal strengths and weaknesses.ii) Set reasonable goals.iii) Don’t waste time and energy on destructive feelings such as guilt and shame.iv) Don’t be afraid to speak up and give your point of view.v) Do not make negative comments about yourself.vi) Accept criticism thoughtfully.vii) Profit from failures and disappointments by viewing them as learning experiences.viii) Do not associate with people who make you feel inadequate.ix) Set aside time to relax, enjoy hobbies, and reevaluate your goals regularly.x) Practice being in social situations.4) Conclusion: (Para.16)The better we understand ourselves, the easier it becomes to live up to our full potential.2. Understanding Specific Information1) F2) F3) T4) T5) T6) F7) T8) F9) F10) T3. Group Discussion1) I think the most effective ways of overcoming shyness are the first and seventh ways. Recognizing our personal strengths and weaknesses is useful because if we know ourselves better, we can feel more self-confident. We can be more objective, instead of being blind. The seventh way is to profit from failures and disappointments as learning experiences. If we allow ourselves to get discouraged and sad when we fail, then we will feel more unsure of ourselves. But if we think of a failure as a learning experience, we are adopting a positive attitude. By analyzing objectively why we failed and planning how to set about doing things differently we will be more likely to succeed next time.2) Modesty is used to describe a reserved appraisal of one’s merits, abilities or success, e.g. she is very modest about her accomplishments. Shyness is used to describe the uncomfortable feeling one has in the company of others. It often implies a lack of self-confidence and a timid, reserved manner. Modesty is a good personality trait while shyness in many cases is undesirable.3) Yes, it is appropriate and normal to be shy in some circumstances: in the presence of teachers, your boss, your parents’ friends or your prospective in-laws; when you are dating someone, especially the first time; when you are with strangers; when you are in a new environment; when you’re facing a large audience.Vocabulary1. Self- is a prefix which means ―of, to or by oneself or itself.‖Words with the prefix self- that appear in the text: self-conscious, self-concept, self-assurance, self-worth, self-confidence, self-esteem, self-destructive, self-awareness, self-accept103fance, self-rejection, self-confident1) self-conscious (worried and embarrassed about what you look like or what other people think of you)2) self-confidence (belief in one’s own ability, power, judgment, etc.; confidence in oneself)3) self-esteem (the feeling that you are someone who deserves to be liked, respected, or4) self-destructive (with thoughts or actions that are counter to one’s own best interests)5) self-worth (the value you give to your life and achievements)6) self-concept (one’s conception or general idea of one’s own basic character and nature)7) self-awareness (realistic knowledge and judgment about oneself)8) self-assurance/self-confidence (the belief that you are able to deal with people and problems easily)2. Part A1) B2) I3) L 4) A5) H6) D7) E8) N9) J10) M11) C12) F13) G14) KPart B1) profound2) jealousy 3) numerous 4) overweight5) overcome6) eventually7) slim 8) compliments 9) diminish10) reassurance 11) detrimental12) isolated13) self-esteem14) accented3. 1) reflected 2) concerned/worried 3) profound effect 4) viewed/regarded 5) sensitive6) respond/react 7) eliminated 8) overcome my fear 9) concentrate on 10) made no commentTranslation1.You should spend a reasonable amount of time relaxing and exercising.2. In general children are healthier and better educated than ever before.3. When the right opportunity comes along, he’ll take it.4. Every day he sets some time aside to be with his family and enjoy life.5. I remember those dark streets and walking hand in hand with my father.6. He finally failed to live up to his parents’ expectations.7. In contrast, our use of oil has increased enormously.8. He succeeded in his efforts to overcome his fatal weakness.Part ThreeFURTHER Development1. 1）BBABC6）CBCAA11）CBPart FourWriting and Translation (P46)2. Translation Practice1) It is believed that pessimism often leads to hopelessness, sickness and failure.2) Optimism, by contrast, can make you happy, healthy and successful.3) When you fail in something, profit from the failure as a learning experience.4) Think about your strengths and build up self-confidence in front of problems or difficulties.5) Don’t let negative thoughts hold you back.6) Everyone has experienced failures and disappointments, so don’t blame yourself too muchPart onepreparation4.matching pictures1）Aphrodite2）Ares3）Hephaestus4）Artemis5）Demeter6）Dionysus7）Poseidon8）Athena9）Apollo10）Hermes11）Hera12）ZeusPost-ReadingReading Comprehension1. 1) Because they were invited to a feast in the sky.2) He saw the birds were busy preparing.3) He planned to go to the feast/sky with the birds.4) They didn’t agree because Tortoise was mischievous/cunning and ungrateful.5) With a sweet tongue, he convinced the birds that he was a changed man.6) He made two wings with all the feathers he got from each bird.7) All of you.8) Nuts, meat and fish soup, pounded yam, yam soup, palm wine, etc.9) For whom have you prepared this feast?10) Because he knew the answer would be ―For all of you‖, which was his new name. So he could enjoy all the food first.11) They were very angry.12) They took back the feathers they had lent him.13) He asked them to take a message to his wife.14) Parrot, because he wanted to take advantage of the chance to get revenge.15) He asked Parrot to tell his wife to bring out all the soft things in his house to cover the ground with them so that he would be able to land safely. But Parrot told his wife to bring out all the hard and sharp, not the soft, things instead.16) His shell was broken into hundreds of pieces.2. Ekwefi is telling a story about Tortoise. Long long ago, there was a famine, and the birds got an invitation from the sky to attend a feast there. Tortoise learned about it and with his sweet tongue he persuaded the birds to take him with them and so each bird lent him a feather.103fTortoise cunningly thought of an idea that enabled him to have all the food by naming himself ―All of you.‖ When they reached the sky, they received a warm welcome and soon the food was presen ted to them. Then he asked one of the people in the sky: ―For whom have you prepared all this feast?‖ The man replied: ―For all of you.‖ So he ate almost all the best food. The birds became very angry and took back their feathers before flying home. Without feathers, he had to jump onto the ground and his shell was broken into pieces.3. Acting out the StorySampleBird A: How exciting! All of us are invited to the feast in the sky.Bird B: I just can’t wait. What do you think I should wear?Tortoise: Hello. Good morning. What are you excited about?Bird A: Didn’t you know that we are going to the sky?Bird B: And we are going to have a big dinner. What fun!Tortoise: How nice it is. What lucky guys. May I go with you? I’m sure we’ll have a lot of fun. Bird A: Yes, we’ll have great fun, but not you. We know you too well. You are full of cunning and you are ungrateful.Bird B: If we allow you to come with us, you will soon begin your mischief.Bird A: We know you of old.Tortoise: You don’t know me now. I’m a changed man. I am not the mischievous man you once knew. In fact, I am thoughtful and well-meaning. I have learned that a man who makes trouble for others is also making trouble for himself. Rest assured, I promise you I will not cause you any trouble.Bird A: (Talking to Bird B) Maybe he is a changed man now. Let’s talk to our bird friends and see if we will take him with us.(After a brief discussion with all the other birds)Bird B: Ok. Tortoise, now we all agreed to take you to the sky. Each of us will lend you a feather so that you can have two wings to fly.(During the flight to the party)Bird A: Tortoise is a great orator!Bird B: Let’s make him the spokesperson for the party.Tortoise: Did you know that we need a new name when we are invited to a great feast like this? It is an age-old custom and our hosts in the sky will expect us to honor it.Bird A: We haven’t heard of this before. But as you are such a learned man, if you say this, we will choose a new name for ourselves. I will call myself Good-Looking.Bird B: I am Smart-Ass.Tortoise: And my new name is All of You.(On their arrival at the sky)Sky people: Welcome to the sky, our dear bird friends. We are so pleased to see you again. Please make yourselves at home.Tortoise: My dear respected friends, thank you so much for inviting us to the sky. Nothing can make us happier than this. It is our greatest honor to be here and have a good time with you. Sky people: Thank you for your nice words. Now please help yourselves to the nuts.Bird A: Tortoise is really eloquent, isn’t he? I’m glad we decided to bring him with us. Bird B: Yes. And these are delicious nuts.Sky people: Now the dinner is ready. Please enjoy the soup, meat, fish and pounded yam. Here is palm wine, too.Tortoise: Just a moment. Let me ask you first. For whom have you prepared this feast? Skypeople: For whom? Why? For all of you, of course.Tortoise (To the birds): You remember that my name is All of You. The custom here is to serve the spokesman first and the others later. They will serve you when I finish.Sky people (To themselves): Looks like it is their custom to leave all the food to their king first. Tortoise: Mm. Yummy. Mm. I’m full now. You can start to eat.Bird A: We should never bring him here. I am too angry to eat. I’m going home.Bird B: Wait. I am leaving, too. Take the feather with us.Tortoise: What are you doing? Leave me the feather. Oh, how am I going home without a single feather? You can’t do this to me?Birds: Bye.Tortoise: Could someone take a message for my wife? Tell her to bring out everything soft and cover the ground. …4. Taking Sides篇二：新编大学英语第三册课文翻译Unit 1羞怯的痛苦对许多人来说，羞怯是很多不愉快的起因。

第3次作业一、完形填空（本大题共20分，共 2 小题，每小题 10 分）1.Being a solitary individual is traditionally, in American culture, 1 ____ as being an inspirational experience. Writers of 2 ____ and philosophy are great believers 3 ____ the creative benefits of it. 4 ____ individuals also have a very 5 ____ opinion of themselves for having 6 ____ their solitude. These 7 ____ people, as a general 8____, have had to find brief periods of 9 ____ outside their own homes 10 ____ their loved ones waited patiently for them to 11 ____. William Wordsworth would 12 ____ good-bye to his sister before 13____ to study the flowers, 14 ____, while she 15 ____ the house and prepared dinner for a (l6) 16 ____ of hours. Thoreau is seen as admirable 17 ____ he was living in the woods all by himself. He had no one to talk to 18 ____ except for numerous daily visitors to his 19 ____ who constantly asked him about his 20 ____ at living without any company to talk to.(1) A.receivedB. conceivedC. deceivedD. perceived(2) A.geometryB. poetryC. poetD. portray(3) A.inB. onC. byD. at(4) A.AsB. ThusC. SuchD. This(5) A.lowB. highC. poorD. rich(6) A.bought outB. brought outC. fought outD. sought out(7) A. creative B. imaginative C. positive D. effective(8) A. part B. role C. rule D. result(9) A.solitaryB. solitudeC. isolateD. attitude(10) A.butB. becauseC. whileD. although(11) A.runB. turnC. comeD. return(12) A. wave B. gave C. shave D. have(13) A.setting downB. setting byC. setting forwardD. setting off(14) A.all loneB. all aloneC. all lonelyD. alone all(15) A.tideB. tidedC. tidiedD. tied(16) A.coupleB. pairC. fewD. several(17) A.whileB. whenC. althoughD. because(18) A.above allB. after allC. at allD. in all(19) A.hutB. nutC. hatD. farm(20) A.abilityB. capabilityC. nobilityD. availability2.Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened 1___. As was discussed before, it was not 2___ the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic 3___, following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the 4___ of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution 5___ up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading 6___ through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures 7___ the 20th-century world of the motor car and the air plane. Not everyone sees that process in a right way. Nevertheless, it is 8___ to do so.It is generally recognized, 9___, that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, 10___ by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process, 11___ its impact on the media was not immediately 12___. As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became “personal” too, as well as institutional, with display becoming13___ and storage capacity 14___. They were thought of, like people, 15___ generations, with the distance between generations much 16___.It was within the computer age that the term “information society” began to be widely used to describe the 17___ within which we now live. The communications revolution has 18___ both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, but there have been 19___ views about its economic, political, social and culturalimplications. “Benefits” have been weighed 20___ “harmful” outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult.(1) A.betweenB. beforeC. sinceD. later(2) A.afterB. byC. duringD. until(3) A.meansB. methodC. mediumD. measure(4) A.processB. companyC. lightD. form(5) A.gatheredB. speededC. workedD. picked(6) A.onB. outC. overD. off(7) A.ofB. forC. beyondD. into(8) A.importantB. difficultC. honestD. concrete(9) A.B. henceC. howeverD. therefore(10) A.broughtB. followedC. stimulated.D. characterized(11) A.unlessB. sinceC. lestD. although(12) A.apparentB. desirableC. negativeD. believable(13) A.sharperB. darkerC. heavierD. higher(14) A.decreasingB. increasingC. decliningD. flowing(15) A.by means ofB. in terms ofC. with regard toD. in line with(16) A.deeperB. fewerC. nearerD. smaller(17) A.environmentB. distanceC. skyD. state(18) A.B. impressedC. influencedD. effected(19) A.competitiveB. controversialC. conditionalD. clumsy(20) A.aboveB. uponC. againstD. with二、选词填空（本大题共20分，共 5 小题，每小题 4 分）High School Students and WorkingIn the West, it is not uncommon for high school students to have a job. Teenagers like to take 1)_________ in many expensive activities like sports, traveling and so forth, so they require more money than their parents would 2)_________ them. To earn some extra money for their own expenses and also maybe to 3)_________some money for college or a car, they will try to find a part-time job.The 4)_________ of work that are open to them usually include yard work, babysitting, bagging in a grocery store, working in a movie theater, working as a salesclerk, or working in a fast food5)_________ like McDonald’s. By working in their free time, these students can make some 6)_________money, gain social experience and get better prepared for their future.Be Tender to Your FeetFeet 1) ________ us every day to the places we want to go. Taking good care of your feet means a lot to your health. Here are some suggestions for you to follow:First, go to a good shoe store, and be properly 2) ________ for your shoes. Buy the best-quality shoes you can afford. Second, walkingbarefoot helps exercise the foot muscles. Doing this in the sand on a warm day will 3) ________ your feet. What’s more, a daily foot bath can relax the feet. You may 4) ________ a bit of essential oil to a basin of hot water. After staying in the water for 15 minutes, your feet will feel relaxed and strengthened. Another thing in foot health is to keep your feet warm. Keeping hands and feet 5) ________ canhelp maintain heat in the entire body.Get into the 6) ________ of taking care of your feet, and you will be richly rewarded.Gift CardsA good way to solve the problem of what to buy is to buy a gift card. These cards look 1)________ credit cards, and come with a set amount of money to spend in the 2)________ they are from. It is said that 70% of American shoppers plan to 3)________ gift cardsthis holiday season. Stores say these cards are more popular than ever. But they say people should 4)________ there are limits. Gift cards can lose some or all of their value unless they are used within a period of time. Business experts say gift cards earn stores a lotof 5)________. People often 6)________more once they go to use their cards. Also, about 10% of the people who receive them never go to the store to buy anything at all.Although many high school students hold the idea that to have abright and successful future you must 1）_________ a university, this is not necessarily true. Not everyone is suited for or even wants to go to college. There is absolutely nothing 2）_________ with givingup a four-year degree to learn a trade or skill at vocational schools.In many cases, high school graduates can actually 3） ________ more from vocational schools than from universities. Vocational schools cost 4） ________ than most universities. Programs offered at vocational schools 5） ________ students to become auto mechanics,nurses, plumbers, and computer technicians, and their job 6）________ is stable.Thanksgiving DayThanksgiving is celebrated on the fourth Thursday in November, about the time most crops are harvested in North America. American families get (1)_________ on this day to give thanks to God, to enjoy a big dinner and to remember the first Thanksgiving, which took place long ago.The first settlers were a religious group who moved from (2)_________ to America in the early 17th century. In the beginning, their life in America was very difficult. When they had a good year, they (3) _________ a dinner party for all the settlers to thank God for His kindness. They also invited some of the Indians who had helped them (4) _________ to hunt and grow local food. That was the first Thanksgiving.Today, Thanksgiving is a family holiday. Family members sometimes (5) _________ thousands of miles to get together for Thanksgiving. (6)_________, sweet potatoes, and pumpkin pie are eaten on the occasion三、句子翻译（本大题共15分，共 5 小题，每小题 3 分）1.爸爸现在非常注意他的体重。