动词
动词是表示动作或状态的词，在句子中做谓语。动词的基本形式：动词原形、过去式、现
在分词和过去分词。
（3种结构）
表示经常性、习惯性的动作；或普遍真理、客观事实；或某种状态。
“主·谓·（宾）”结构
Peter always spends too much time playing computer games.
Alice usually goes to school by bus in the morning.
I like listening to classical music.
“There· be”结构
There is a map on the wall. There are some birds in the sky.
“主·系·表”结构
It’s very cold today. The earth is bigger than the moon.
My father is a teacher.
动词第三人称单数
表示发生在过去的动作。在一般过去时的句子中, 动词必须用过去式.
一般过去时常见的提示: yesterday; the day before yesterday; last（week/ month/
year/Sunday --）
this ---；just now； --- ago; after ---; when --- 等等。
注：当谓语动词是行为动词时，肯定句用动词的过去式表达，构成疑问句或否定句时，需借
助did或didn’t构成，谓语动词要还原成原形。例如：
I went to the zoo yesterday.
My mother didn’t go to the park last weekend.
Did Jim come to see you last night?
.
表示目前正在发生或进行的动作。（只有延续性动词有进行时；非延续性动词没有进行时）
主语 + 系动词（am / is / are ）+ 现在分词
现在分词的构成
现在进行时的标志：Look； Listen； now； at the moment / at present
Look. Alice is reading a magazine over there.
Listen. Peter is singing a Chinese song.
Alice is talking to Peter now.
I’m learning Japanese at the moment.
特殊情况：非延续性动词没有进行时，它们的现在分词形式表示将来时。
主语 + ( am / is / are ) + 非延续性动词的现在分词：表示将来时。
I’m going to school now.
Mary is leaving for New York soon.
Spring Festival is coming.
I’m arriving in Beijing.
表示在过去的某时正在发生或进行的动作。
主语 + 系动词（was / were ）+ 现在分词
David was doing his homework at 8 o’clock yesterday.
I was doing my homework at his time yesterday.
Tom was having breakfast when Mary called him.
表示将要发生的动作，或计划或打算作某事。
主语 + will + 动词原形
主语 + ( am / is / are ) + going to + 动词原形
主语 + ( am / is / are ) + 非延续性动词的现在分词：
例如：
I will tell you the good news.
John is going to visit Hangzhou next week.
My father is coming to Qingdao tomorrow.
一般将来时常见的提示:
tomorrow; the day after tomorrow; next week; in the future; in three days; this evening, soon, at the end of this term
一般将来时的用法
1.表示将来的动作或状态。例如：
We will get to Shanghai tomorrow.
2.在“祈使句+and/or+句子”这个结构中，“句子”用一般将来时。例如：
Get up early, and you will catch the early bus.
Hurry up, or you will be late for school.
“be going to+动词原形”与“will+动词原形”
be going to和will在一般情况下可以互换，但是在下列情况下将来时要用will。
表示在过去的某时计划或打算作某事。 ( 间接引语 / 宾语从句 )
主语 + would + 动词原形
主语 + ( was / were ) + going to + 动词原形
主语 + ( was / were ) +非延续动词的动名词
例如：
I thought you would help the old man.
Mary was going to take part in this meeting.
He said he was leaving for Hong Kong.
含义：现在完成时表示“过去的动作对现在所造成的结果或影响”.
汉语译文中经常含有“已经”、“曾经”、“还没有”等词语.
构成：主语 + have / has + 过去分词例如：
I have seen this movie before. (结果：我了解这部影片的内容 )
He has had a good education. (结果：他的知识水平很高 )
现在完成时常见的标志:
so far / up to now ; recently ; in recent years ; before ; in the past …/ in the last … / over the past … / over the last …
since / for: 既可以用于“现在完成时”, 也可以用于“现在完成进行时”.
already / yet / ever / never / before: 既可以用于“现在完成时”, 也可以用于“过
去完成时”.
I have already finished the work. / I have just finished the work.
Have you finished the work yet ?
I haven’t finished my work yet.
延续性动词与非延续性动词
延续性动词可以接一段时间；
非延续性动词后面不能接一段时间, 如果要接一段时间, 就必须把非延续性动词替换成
相应的延续性动词.
come -- be here He came here two hours ago.
He has been here for two hours.
go -- be out/ be away They went out an hour ago.
They have been out for an hour.
leave --- be away Tom left ten minutes ago.
Tom has been away for ten minutes.
buy --- have I bought this dictionary 10 years ago.
I have had this dictionary for 10 years.
begin---be on The film began five minutes ago.
The film has been on for five minutes.
某些延续性动词（如：look for, watch, wait for, live, work, develop, teach, learn,
study,rain等）与since或for连用时，表示“从过去的某一时刻起,一直持续到现在的
动作”，它们的“现在完成时”可以与“现在完成进行时”互相替换。
He has lived here for 20 years. He has been living here for 20 years.
▲ have been to 表示“曾经去过 ---”: I have been to Beijing before. ▲ have gone to 表示“已经去了 ---”: They have gone to Japan.
主语 + had + 过去分词
表示在过去的某个动作之前发生的动作 -- “过去的过去”.
By the end of last month, we had learned 12 English songs.
By the time he got home, all the guests had left.
When they arrived at the railway station，the train had already left.
Before I went to bed，I had finished reading that book.
After I had finished reading the book，I went to bed.
“by the end of last ---”只能用于“过去完成时”
By the end of last month, we had learned 5000 English words.
主语 + have / has + been + 现在分词
表示从过去的某一时刻起到现在，一直在做某事。
I have been waiting for your reply since I sent you a letter
I have been living here for 20 years
It has been raining since last night
Since 1989, Wang Gang has been working in this company.
He has been learning English for 10 years.
动词时态专项训练
1． He often to the park with some friends on Sundays.
A. go
B. goes
C. is going
D. has gone 2． Tom’s father listening to classical music.
A. like
B. don’t like
C. likes
D. is liking 3． your mother up early in the morning.
A. Do / get
B. Do / gets
C. Does / gets
D. Does / get 4． Look, the boys football on the playground.
A. play
B. playing
C. are playing
D. is play
5． Peter went swimming with Mike yesterday, he ?
A. did
B. does
C. didn’t
D. doesn’t 6． I a UFO in the sky while I was talking a walk in the street just
now.
A. saw
B. have seen
C. will see
D. was seeing 7． Fred a model plane when I went to see him.
A. makes
B. is making
C. was making
D. made
8． I’ll tell her to call you back when she back.
A. will come
B. comes
C. has come
D. is coming 9． My father cigarettes, he thinks it is harmful for health.
A. didn’t smoke
B. don’t smoke
C. doesn’t smokes
D. doesn’t smoke
10．I 2000 English words by the end of last term.
A. had learned
B. have learned
C. would learn
D. was learning
11．How long you the mobile phone ?
A. have bought
B. have / had
C. did / buy
D. do / buy 12．My brother to London many times, so he knows London very well.
A. was going
B. went
C. has been
D. has gone
13．I want to know if you free tomorrow evening. If you free, I’d like to invite you to dinner.
A. will be / are
B. are / will be
C. are / are
D. will be / will be
14．Listen, the music very nice.
A. is sounding
B. sound
C. sounds
D. is sounded 15．I my best to learn English well from now on.
A. tried
B. have tried
C. am trying
D. will try
16．Our teacher told us that light faster than sound.
A. travelled
B. travels
C. had travelled
D. is travelled 17．Mr Brown isn’t at home now. He to his office.
A. had gone
B. had been
C. has gone
D. has been
18．He said he would go to the movies with us if he free.
A. will be
B. would be
C. is
D. was
19．Jenny to visit her grandma three days ago.
A. went
B. goes
C. has gone
D. had gone 20．The Greens China for five years.
A. has been in
B. have been in
C. has come to
D. have gone to
21．There a basketball match in our school the day after tomorrow.
A. will have
B. will be
C. would be
D. is going to
have
22．I to Hainan for vacation in three days.
A. went
B. go
C. will go
D. was going 23．How long you French before you went to Paris ?
A. had / studied
B. have / studied
C. do / study
D. would / study
24．Hi, Peter. I you were here.
A. don’t know
B. haven’t known
C. hadn’t known
D. didn’t know
25．We will get everything ready before she here.
A. will come
B. comes
C. would come
D. came 26．Tom his coat and then went out.
A. put on
B. puts on
C. had put on
D. would put on 27．Neither of us interested in folk songs.
A. were
B. am
C. is
D. are
28．I heard her in the next room when I got home.
A. play
B. playing
C. to play
D. played 29．Linda TV since 6 o’clock this morning.
A. was watching
B. has been watched
C. had watched
D. has been watching
30．He to work in a factory at the age of 17.
A. began
B. has begun
C. would begin
D. had begun 31．One day while I along the street, I someone calling
me.
A. walked / heard
B. was walking / was hearing
C. was walking / heard
D. walked / was hearing 32．Neither I nor he in physics.
A. are interesting
B. are interested
C. is interesting
D. is interested 33．I in the bar for an hour before she .
A. had waited / arrived
B. waited / had arrived
C. was waiting / had arrived
D. have waited / arrive 34．He he me before.
A. said / has met
B. said / had met
C. says / had met
D. is saying / has met 35．Tina said that she a party at home the next Saturday evening.
A. had held
B. will hold
C. would hold
D. is holding 36．When he arrived at the cinema, the film already .
A. was / starting
B. would / start
C. has / started
D. had / started 37．-- Where’s Mr Green ?
-- He Japan on business. He back in two weeks.
A. has gone to / is
B. has been to / will be
C. has been to / comes
D. has gone to / will be 38．He has never seen such a wonderful movie before, ?
A. hasn’t he
B. didn’t
C. has he
D. did he 39．Jean me whether I to London before.
A. asked / had been
B. asked / would go
C. asked / has been
D. asked / went
40．I her since 2007.
A. didn’t see
B. hadn’t seen
C. haven’t seen
D. haven’t been
seeing
41．I late in the morning in the past, but now I early.
A. used to get up / am used to get up
B. am used to getting / used to get up
C. used to get up / am used to getting up
D. am used for getting / used to get up
42．I the computer for three years.
A. have bought
B. have had
C. had bought
D. bought 43．I the movie before. I ten years ago.
A. have seen / saw
B. had seen / saw
C. saw / have seen
D. had seen / have seen 44．Frank to Qingdao five years ago, and he here for five
years.
A. has come / lived
B. had come / lived
C. came / had lived
D. came / has lived
45．I don’t know when he . When he , I’ll let you know.
A. arrives / will arrive
B. will arrive / will arrive
C. will arrive / arrives
D. arrives / arrives
46．When you to learn English ?
A. do / begin
B. did / begin
C. have / begun
D. had / begun 47．Linda went to the party last Saturday, and .
A. so was I
B. so I was
C. so did I
D. so I did
48．-- What the weather like tomorrow ?
-- It very cold.
A. is / going to be / is
B. will / be / will
C. is / going to be / is going
D. will / be / will be 49．-- Excuse me. Look at the sign: No Smoking.
-- Sorry. I it.
A. don’t see
B. didn’t see
C. haven’t seen
D. won’t see
50．When Jack arrived, he learned that Mary for almost an hour.
A. had gone
B. had set off
C. had left
D. had been away
BCDCC ACBDA BCACD BCDAB BCADB ACBDA CDABC DDCAC CBADC BCDBD
( )1 John___ come to see us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet. A. may B. can C. has to D. Must 2 They ___ do well in the exam. A. can be able to B. be able to C. can able to D. are able to 3 —May I take this book out? —No, you___. A. can't B. may not C. needn't D. aren't 4 You___ go and see a doctor at once because you're got a fever. A. can B. must C. dare D. would 5 —Can you speak Japanese? —No, I____. A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. may not 1. – He___ be in the classroom, I think —No, he ___ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago. A. can; may not B. must; may not C. may; can't D. may; mustn't 2 —Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad? —Thanks, but you___, I've had enough. A. may not B. must not C. can't D. needn't 3 Even the top students in our class can't work out this problem, so it be very difficult. A. may B. must C. can D. need 4 He isn't at school. I think he ___ be ill. A. can B. shall C. must D. has to 5 ___ I take this one? A. May B. Will C. Are D. Do 1 The children___ play football on the road. A. can't B. can C. mustn't D. must 2 You ___ be late for school again next time. A. mustn't B. needn't C. don't have to D. don't need to 3 —Must I do my homework at once? —No, you___. A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't D. may not 1 His arm is all right. He___ go and see the doctor. A. has not to B. don't have to C. haven't to D. doesn't have to 2 He had to give up the plan, ___ he? A. did B. didn't C. does D. doesn't 3 They had to walk here, ___ they? A. mustn't B. did C. didn't D. hadn't 1 He had better stay here, ___ he? A. doesn't B. don't C. hadn't D. isn't 2 You'd better___late next time. A. not to be B. not be C. won't be D. don't be 3 You'd better ___ your hair ___ once a month. A. had; cut B. had; cutted C. have; cut D. have; cutted 4 You___ ask that man over there. Maybe he knows the way. A. had better not to B. had not better C. had better D. had better not 1 —Shall we go and visit the History Museum next Sunday? —________ A. Here you are B. Sorry, I can't C. Yes, please D. Let me try 2 —Why don't you ask Mike to go with us? —Thanks, ___. A. I will B. I won't C. lean D. I may 3 —___ I take the newspaper away? —No, you mustn't. You____read it only here. A. Must; can B. May; can C. Need; must D. Must; must 1 Excuse me. ___ you please pass me that cup? A.Do B. Should C. Would D. Must 2 ___ you like to have another try? A. Could B. Will C. Would D. Do 3 —Would you like to go boating with us? —Yes, ___. A. I'd like B. I want C. I'd like to D. I do 1 You___ worry about your son. He will get well soon. A. needn't B. can't C. mustn't D. have to 2 The poor man needs our help, ___ he? A. need B. needn't C. does D. doesn't 3 —Must we do our homework first? —No, you___. You may have a rest first. A. mustn't B. needn't C. may not D. can't 1. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _______ for her. A. had to write it out B. must have written it out C. should have written it out D. ought to write it out 2. —There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. —It _______ a comfortable journey. A. can’t be B. shouldn’t be C. mustn’t have been D. couldn’t have been 3. It’s nearly seven o’clock. Jack _______ be here at any moment. A. must B. Need C. should D. can 4. Johnny, you _______ play with the knife, you _______ hurt yourself.
最新初中英语情态动词易错题精选经典1 一、初中英语情态动词 1．——You look pretty in green, Kate. ——Thank you. I like green. Green ______give me energy. A. can B. must C. should D. has to 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意:一一凯特，你穿看绿色的衣服很漂亮。一一谢谢，我喜欢绿色。绿 色给我能量。A.能，表示能力;B.must必须，强调主观愿望;C.应该，强调责任与义务;D.必须. 强调客观要求。绿色能给我力量，我喜欢。故选A。 2．All passengers ______ go through safety check before they take a plane. A. can B. may C. must D. could 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：所有乘客登机前必须接受安全检查。A. can能够，表示能力；B. may可以，表示许可；C. must必须；D. could可能，可以。登机前必须安检。故选C。 【点评】情态动词词义辨析。以及can、may、must、could四个词的词义和用法。 3．L ook at the sign! It says “No Smoking!” You ________ smoke here. It's dangerous. A. mustn't B. ought not to C. needn't D. don't have to 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：看这个标志！上面写道“禁止吸烟！“你不能抽烟。这是危险的。 A.mustn't 禁止，不允许； B.ought not to不应该，不应当； C.needn't不必； D.don't have to 不必。根据“No Smoking!”可知此处禁止吸烟，故答案为A。 【点评】考查情态动词。掌握情态动词的意义和用法。 4．You be tired after walking for such a long time. Sit down and have a rest. A. can B. can't C. mustn't D. must 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：走了这么长时间你一定很累了。坐下休息一下吧。can能，能 够，can't不能，对事物进行否定推测；mustn't一定不是，禁止，must一定，对事物进行 肯定推测，根据after walking for such a long time，可以肯定你一定很累，所以是进行肯定 推测，情态动词使用must，故选D。 【点评】此题考查情态动词。弄清每个情态动词的使用规则，根据句意确定所使用的情态 动词。 5．—I wonder if this smart phone is Mary's.—It _______ belong to her. _______ is totally different from this one. A. mustn't; Her B. can't; Her C. can't; Hers D. may; Hers 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：――我想知道这个智能机是否是玛丽的。――不可能属于她，她
look短语look for寻找；look after照顾；look over查看；look forward to渴望，向往，to为介词，后接名词、代词、动名词作宾语；look at看着；look up抬头看，在…查找；look up to尊敬；look down upon瞧不起；look like看起来像；look as if/though看起来好像；look through透过……看,翻阅，浏览；look into调查；look out当心；look out of往…外看look about [around]环顾四周look back 回顾，回想look on旁观, 看作，当作(与as 连用) put短语put off推迟，put on穿上；上演；put away把…暂时收起来，储存……备用；put up举起，建造，张贴；put out扑灭；put down写下；放下；put aside把…搁在一边；put back放回put…into把…放入put one’s heart into全神贯注 turn短语turn down把音量开小一点;拒绝；turn up把音量开大一点;出现；turn round/around回头；turn over 翻开;翻转；turn to朝向;变成;求助于；turn…into…把…变成…；turn into变成；turn out结果证明是；turn away 把脸转过去turn to sb转向某人turn out结果是turn on 打开(电灯等) turn off 关(电灯等) turn over （使）翻过来turn against背叛turn back折回，往回走turn around旋转，转过身来 call短语call at拜访，后接地点；call on拜访，后接被拜访的对象；号召；call back回电话；call in 叫来；call up打电话，使回忆起；call for叫某人同往某处，要求；call off取消 be短语be friendly/kind to对…友好；be fed up with对…厌烦；be different from与…不同；be afraid of害怕；be popular with受…欢迎；be fond of喜欢，爱好；be interested in对…感兴趣；be surprised at对…惊讶；be satisfied/content/pleased with对…满意；be proud of对…感到自豪；be strict with对某人严格；be strict in 对某事严格；be good to对…有好处；be good at擅长于…；be sure of/about对…有把握；be divided into被分成；be made up of由…构成；be angry with对某人生气；be busy with忙于；be full of/filled with装满了；be late for…迟到；be covered with覆盖着；be familiar with对…熟悉；be familiar to对某人来说是熟悉的；be famous/known for因…著名；be famous/known as作为…有名 get短语get on/along (well) with与某人相处（融洽），在…进展（顺利）；get up起床；get on上车（船、飞机、马）；get off下车（船、飞机、马）；get back回去；get back to回到；get away离开，逃脱；get down 下来；get home到家；get into进入，陷入；get out (of) (从…)出去；get to到达get together聚会；get in收割get through通过，度过，完成get hold of获得，取得get over越过，恢复，克服get ready for为…作准备get up起床get used to习惯于
初中英语语法过关——动词的分类专项练习精选50题 （Be动词、助动词、情态动词、实义动词） ( )1. This______ my sister and those ______my parents. A. is, is B. is, are C, are, is D. are, are ( )2.—Is that your eraser? —________. A.No, It’s my eraser. B. Yes,it is. C. No,that’s isn’t D. No, that isn’t. ( )3. —Are these your bikes? —No,________ . I think they’re ________ bikes. A. they aren’t, they B. these are, his C. they aren’t，their D. these are, their ( )4. In our school library, there a number of books on science. A. is B. are C. has D. have ( )5. Lucy and Lily ________ a new bike as their tenth birthday present. A．have B．has C．there is D．there are ( )6.—Shall we go for a walk? — ______great. A.Feels B.Sounds C.Turns D.Looks ( )7.—Do you like swimming in winter? —Of course.The water _____ a bit cold at first，but then I am warm and full of energy. A.feels B.tastes C.smells D.looks ( )8.Mom is making dinner. It_____ so nice! A.smells B.tastes C.feels D.sounds ( )9.—Your trainers _____ colourful. —Yes.And they are popular among young people. A.feel B.smell C.taste D.look ( )10.—I can’t stand the smell of the stinking tofu. —Would you like to have a try? I think it _____ quite delicious! A.looks B.sounds C.tastes D.feels ( )11.—Are you interested in shopping online? ——Not so much. We_____see real products but pictures. A.shouldn’t B.can’t C.mustn’t D.needn’t
初中英语情态动词专项练习题 情态动词:can could may might will would must have to need had better should 情态动词特点 1.情态动词没有人称和数的变化. 2.情态动词后必须跟动词原形。 考点一：can，could, may，must 等情态动词的用法： 1. can 的用法： （1）.表示能力,译为“能、会”，即有种能力，尤其是生来具备的能力。 She can swim fa st, but I can’t . 她能游得很快，但我不能。 I can see with my eyes. 我用眼睛看。 （2）.表示许可，常在口语中。 You can use my dictionary. 你可以用我的字典。 （3）.表示推测，条件: 常用于否定句和疑问句中，此时can’t 译为“ 不可能”。 Can the news be true? 这个消息会是真的吗？ —Can it be our teacher?那个人有可能是我们老师吗？ —No, it can’t be our teacher. He is on a visit to the Great Wall.不可能。咱们老师正在游览长城呢。【例题】—I think Miss Gao must be in the library. She said she would go there. —No. She __be there, I have just been there. A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.wouldn’t 【解析】根据下文“我刚去过那儿”可知，应为“ 不可能”，can’t表示推测[答案] A 2. could的用法： （1）.can的过去式，意为“ 能、会”，表示过去的能力。 He could write poems when he was 10. 他十岁时就会写诗。 （2）. could在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时could 没有过去式的意思。 Could you do me a favour? 你能帮我个忙吗？ —Could I use your pen? 我能用一下你的钢笔吗? —Yes, you can.可以。（注意回答,用could提问,必须用can来回答） 3. may的用法： （1）.表示请求、许可，比can 正式 May I borrow your bike? 我可以借你的自行车吗？ You may go home now. 现在你可以回家了。 【例题】—_______ I borrow your MP3? —Sure . Here you are. tA. May B.Should C.Must D. Would 【解析】在此处表示请求，意为“ 做……可以吗”。答案：A
初中阶段常用动词与介词搭配的短语 l．动词+about speak／talkabout谈论thinkabout思考careabout关心，对……有兴趣bringabout引起，使发生setabout着手，开始comeabout发生hearabout听说worryabout为……担心 hang out 闲逛 throw about乱扔 know\learn about了解 look around 环顾，四周看ask about 询问 complain about 抱怨2．动词+away throwaway扔掉blowaway吹走carryaway拿走，使入迷clearaway清除掉，消散dieaway逐渐消失,减弱passaway去世washaway冲走takeaway拿走，使消失putaway收拾起来，存起来giveaway捐赠、分发wearaway磨掉，消耗breakaway摆脱 run away 逃走 go away 走开3．动词 +backcome\beback回来、记起lookback(on)回顾holdback控制住giveback归还callback回takeback拿回，收回4．动词+for gofor努力获取askfor要求得到waitfor等候standfor代表，表示longfor渴望hope/wishfor希望得到carefor关心，喜欢payfor支付、偿还searchfor查找lookfor寻找callfor需要，要求providefor 提供 change…for用……换charge…for收费，要价applyfor申请take…for误以为……是sendfor派人去请comefor来拿，来取5．动
一、选择题 1．Speak louder, ________ you can’t make yourself________. A．and; hear B．or; hear C．and; heard D．or; heard 2．—Do you like watching cooking programs on TV? —No, I don’t , but my twin brother . He's very fond of cooking. A．does B．do C．is D．are 3．Colours can change our moods and make us happy or sad . A．feel B．to feel C．felt D．feeling 4．—________ Mary________ fruit? —Of course. A．Is; like B．Does; likes C．Does; like D．Do; likes 5．Parents always hope their children a happy and healthy life. A．to live B．can live C．living D．should live 6．The woman made her husband_______ outside the gate yesterday afternoon. A．wait B．waiting C．to wait D．waited 7．Coffee is ready. How nice it ______! Would you like some? A．looks B．smells C．sounds D．feels 8．—Let’s _________ the library this afternoon. —Sorry, I want _________ my grandfather. A．go to;to meet B．go to;meeting C．to go to;to meet 9．—What will the weather _______tomorrow? — It is going to_______ . A．be like; rainy B．be like; rain C．like; rain D．like; rainy 10．Lily and Lucy _______ their mother. They have big eyes and yellow hair. A．like both B．both are like C．both like D．are both like 11．The shopping mall near our school _________ for 12 hours a day. It _________ at 9:00 p.m.. A．opens; closes B．opens; is closed C．is open; is closed D．is open; closes 12．In the past he often made his sister____, but now he is often made ___by his sister. A．to cry; to cry B．cry; cry C．to cry; cry D．cry; to cry 13．—Where_______you come from? —I______from Japan A．are; am B．are; come C．do; come 14．Tom and I ________ good friends. He is twelve(12岁). A．are B．am C．is D．be 15．— What kind of home do you ? — A flat three bedrooms. A．live in; with B．live; with C．live in; has D．live; has 16．I have bought a Chinese – English dictionary. When and where_____ you _____ it?
情态动词 （一）情态动词的定义: 情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度。 （二）情态动词的特点 1. 情态动词有一定的词义。 2. 情态动词不能单独做谓语，它必须和其他动词的原形一起构成谓语。 3. 情态动词没有人称，数的变化。 （三）情态动词的结构和意义 1.情态动词的基本句型 ?肯定句：主语+情态动词+动词原形+...... ?否定句：主语+情态动词+not+动词原形+...... ?疑问句：情态动词+主语+动词原形+...... 2. 情态动词的意义 must“必须”；can/could“能，会”；may/might “可以”；should“应该”； would“愿，要”；have to“不得不”；need“需要” （四）情态动词的基本用法 1.can (could主要指过去时间) 1）表示人或物本身所具有的能力，意为“能，能够，会” : Two eyes can see more than one. / I can swim very well. 2）表示可能（理论上或是逻辑判断上） He can’t (couldn’t) have enough money for a new car. 3）表示允许： Can I have a look at your new pen? He asked whether he could take the book out of the reading-room. 4）表示对现在动作或状态的猜测，主要用于否定句和疑问句中或感叹句中: He can’t (couldn’t) be over sixty.他不可能超过六十岁。 5）could表示比can更委婉客气的提出问题或陈述看法，指的是现在时间。 Can (Could) you lend me a hand? 帮我一把好吗？ 2. may (might) 1）表允许，询问或说明一件事可不可以做，might指过去时间；但在疑问句中might也可指现在时间，语气比may更委婉。 May (Might) I ask for a photo of your baby? 我可以要一张你宝宝的照片吗？ 在回答以may引起的问句时，肯定回答是一般可仍用may,或Yes, please. / Certainly./Sure./Of course. ； 否定回答根据说话人的语气由强到弱分别选用: must not(mustn’t)（禁止）/ had better not（最好别）/ may not（不行） 2) may表可能,但所表示的可能性不如can所表示的那样肯定。might可以指过去时间，也可以指现在时间，但语气更加不肯定。 He may be at home. 他可能在家。 They might be having a meeting, but I’m not sure.他们有可能在开会，不过我不肯定。 3. must（have to表示客观需要） 1）表示“必须”（主观看法）时，用于肯定句或疑问句；用于否定句时表示“禁止”。 We must do everything step by step. 我们一切都必须循序渐进地做。 You must get home before 9:00. 2）表示揣测。意为“想必、准是、一定”等，只用于肯定句。 He must be ill. He looks so pale. 他准是病了。他的脸色苍白。 3)must的疑问句，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to。 4. should 1）表责任或义务，意为“应该”，用于各种人称。
一、选择题 1．I see the blackboard. I need to have my glasses. A．can B．can’t C．must D．mustn’t 2．—Have you heard about the temperature of the earth will rise to 59℃ in 2020?—Don’t worry! The news _______ be true. A．must not B．may not C．needn’t D．will not 3．-Listen! A wolf is crying! -It _______ be a wolf, because a wolf never comes out at this time. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．don’t 4．(2018·山东临沂) Could you please speak a little louder? I ______ hear you very well. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t 5．―I didn’t pass the driving test again. ―Don't worry. Just like the weather, life be beautiful all the time. A．can't B．needn't C．shouldn't D．mustn't 6．I’ve bought a nice necklace for Jo’s birthday. She _____like it, but I’m not sure. A．can B．may be C．might D．must 7．—Is that cap Bob’s? —No, it ________ be his. His is blue. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．may not 8．—I can't stop smoking, doctor. —For your health, I'm afraid you ________. A．must B．can C．may D．need 9．From March 23rd, 2013, anyone under the age of 14 ________ go into Disneyland alone. A．couldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．mightn’t 10．—Must I finish my homework this evening? —No,you ________.You have a three﹣day holiday. A．won't B．mustn't C．needn't 11．—______ you please tell me something about the life in Canada or America?—Sorry, I______. I don’t know either. I’m from Australia. A．Could; couldn’t B．Can; couldn’t C．Could; can’t D．Can; mustn’t 12．—Must we finish the work right now? —No, you ________. You can do it tomorrow. A．needn’t B．shouldn’t C．mustn’t D．can’t 13．One ______ easily lose his way when he visits or comes to a new place. A．may B．must C．need D．should 14．—Could you please hang out with me this afternoon? —______. I have to make a plan for Clean-Up Day.
31组动词固定搭配 act act as 担任...职务起….作用 act out 表演（对话、故事等） act for 代理（某人职务）；代为（处理某事） act up 捣乱；出毛病 break break away from 脱离，逃离 break down破坏，粉碎；瓦解；出故障，抛锚 break in 闯进，打断；使顺服；插嘴（不及物） break into 闯入；强行进入（及物，后加进入的地点）；突然开始break out （战争，疾病，火灾等）爆发，发生；准备使用；起锚break off 打断，中断（break the law 违反法律 break the record 破记录 break one’s promise 失言 break through 冲破 break up 开垦，破碎；解散，分开，分解 bring bring about 引起，实现，导致 bring (a)round 使改变观点或看法；使苏醒；顺便把某人带来串门bring back 送还；使想起，使恢复 bring down 击落；打死，打伤；使倒下；降低 bring forth 产生，引起，结果 bring in收获；获利；介绍，引进；聘请；逮捕 bring off 从船上救出；成功地做 bring on促使生长；帮助提高 bring out 取出，拿出；显示出，使出来；出版 bring over 说服，使改变(思想等) bring through 使度过(困难，危机等) bring together 使和解 bring up 提出，提起；抚养，培养；呕吐
Call call at (a place) 访问某地 call in 叫某人进来，邀请 call back 回电话 call for 请求，为……喊出，（接）找某人 call on (upon) 号召，拜访 call out大声叫 call up 打电话给……；召唤，召集，回忆起catch be caught doing 被发现做某事 be caught in the rain 淋雨 catch a bus/train 赶汽车/火车 catch a cold 伤风，感冒 catch one’s word 听懂某人的话 catch sight of 发现，瞥见 catch up with 赶上，追及，追上 carry Carry out 贯彻，落实（计划，命令……）Carry off夺走 =carry away Carry on 继续，坚持下去 Carry through 完成，渡过难关 come come about 产生，发生 come across “偶遇” come along 一道来，陪伴；进步，进展；出现come at 达到，求得，得到；扑向，袭击come back 回来；恢复，复原 come down 倒下；降落；跌落；病倒 come from 来自，起源于，从~~产生，生于come in 进来，进入；流行起来；获名次
初中英语情态动词用法归纳 话题：动词情态教育学习 情态动词有具体的词义，但也同助动词一样，需要与其他词语一起构成句子的谓语，另外情态动词没有人称和数的变化，情态动词后必须跟动词原形。考点一：can，may，must 等情态动词在陈述句中的用法：1. can的用法：（1）.表示能力、许可、可能性。表示能力时一般译为“能、会”，即有种能力，尤其是生来具备的能力，此时may和must均不可代替它。如：She can swim fast, but I can’t .她能游得很快，但我不能。I can see with my eyes.我用眼睛看。（2）.表示许可，常在口语中。如：You can use my dictionary.你可以用我的字典。（3）.表示推测，意为“可能”，常用于否定句和疑问句中，此时can’t译为“不可能”。如：Can the news be true?这个消息会是真的吗？—Can it be our teacher?那个人有可能是我们老师吗？—No, it can’t be our teacher. He is on a visit to the Great Wall.不可能。咱们老师正在游览长城呢。【例题】—I think Miss Gao must be in the library. She said she would go there.—No. She __be there, I have just been there. A.can’t
B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.wouldn’t【解析】根据下文“我刚去过那儿”可知，应为“不可能”，can’t表示推测[答案] A2. could 的用法：（1）.can的过去式，意为“能、会”，表示过去的能力。如：He could write poems when he was 10.他十岁时就会写诗。（2）. could在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时could 没有过去式的意思。如:Could you do me a favour?你能帮我个忙吗？—Could I use your pen?我能用一下你的钢笔吗?—Yes, you can.可以。（注意回答）3. may的用法：（1）.表示请求、许可，比can正式，如：May I borrow your bike?我可以借你的自行车吗？You may go home now.现在你可以回家了。【例题】—_______ I borrow your MP3?—Sure . Here you are.A. May B.Should C.Must D. Would【解析】在此处表示请求，意为“做……可以吗”。答案：A(2) .表示推测，谈论可能性，意为“可能，或许”，一般用于肯定句中。如：It may rain tomorrow .明天可能会下雨。She may be at home.她可能在家呢.(3) .may的过去式为might，表示推测时。可能性低于may。如：He is away from school. He might be sick.他离开学校了，可能是他生病了。(4) .表示希望、祈求、祝愿，常可译为“祝愿”。通常是用may +主+V例如：May you have a good time.祝你过得愉快。May you be happy!祝你幸福！May you succeed！祝你成功！4. must的用法：(1).must表示主观看法，意为“必须、一定”。如：You must stay here until I come back.
情态动词专项练习 一．选择题 1.It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it be rather cold sometimes. A.must B. can C. should D. would 2.You be hungry already ----- you had lunch only two hours ago! A.wouldn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t 3 ----- What do you think we can do for our aged parents? ---- You do anything except to be with them and be yourself. A. don’t have to B. oughtn’t to C. mustn’t D. can’t 4.John promised his doctor he not smoke. And he has never smoked ever since. A.might B. should C. could D. would 5.What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he better. A.need have done B. must have done C. can have done D. might have done 6.Liza well not want to go on the trip ---- she hates traveling. A. will B. can C. must D. may 7.She have left school, for her bike is still here. A. can’t B. wouldn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t 8.According to the air traffic rules, you switch off your mobile phone before boarding. A.may B. can C. would D. should 9.---- I can’t find my purse anywhere. --------- Y ou have lost it while shopping. A.may B. can C. should D. would 10.---- I’m sorry. I at you the other day. --------- Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself. A.shouldn’t shout B. shouldn’t have shouted C. mustn’t shout D. mustn’t have shouted 11.---- What sort of house do you want to have? Something big? ---- Well, it be big ----- that’s not important. A.mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. won’t 12 ------ W hat does the sign over there read? ---- “No person smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.” A. will B. may C. shall D. must 13.Some aspects of a pilot’s job be bring; and pilots often work at inconvenient. A.can; have to B. may; can C. have to; may D. ought to; must 14.My MP4 player isn’t in my bag. Where I have put it? A. can B. must C. should D. would 15.The weather turned out to be fine yesterday, I the trouble to carry my umbrella with me. A.should have taken B. could have taken C. needn’t have taken D. mustn’t have taken 16.In crowded places like airports and railway stations, you take care of your luggage. A.can B. may C. must D. will 17.---- She looks very happy. She have passed the exam. ------- I guess so. It’s not difficult after all. A.should B. could C. must D. might 18.I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I have driven her there. A.could B. must C. might D. should 19.---- Mr. Gordon asked me to remind you of the meeting this afternoon. Don’t f orget it! ----OK, I . A.won’t B. don’t C. can’t D. needn’t 20.---- How is your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful? ------- It be, but it is now heavily polluted. A.will B. would C. should D. must 21.The biggest problem for most plants, which just get up and run away when threatened, is that animals like to eat them. A. shan’t B. can’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t 22.---- Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday. -------- You it in the wrong place. A.must put B. should have put C. might put D. might have put