英语四级重要知识点

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CET-4中介词to的不同搭配介词是一种表示名词和句中其他词之间关系的词,在英语中能和动词、名词、形容词等词搭配,表示种种不同的意思,使用时灵活多变,不易掌握,介词to也不例外。

四级考试中,介词to的用法是测试重点之一,应引起特别注意。

本文以历年四级真题为依据,总结了介词to的几种常见搭配,并附上历年四级考试中相关的考题,供考生练习。

一、与某些动词一起构成特定搭配英语中由“动词+介词to”构成的动词短语数量很大,而在四级考试中,经常被测试到的此类动词短语也很多,可分为两类:1.“实义动词+介词to”结构adaptto...(适应于……)devote...to...(专心于,致力于)add...to...(增加,添加)entitle...to...(给……权利、资格等)adhereto...(追随,依附,坚持)sticktoclingtoexpose...to...(暴露在……之下)adjustto...(调整,调节)leadto...(导致……,招致……)amountto...(达到;意味着)objectto...(反对)appealto...(恳求;呼吁)owe...to...(欠……;对……负有……)applyto...(应用,运用;向……申请)reactto...(对……做出反应)attach...to...(系上,附加于,使附属)referto...(论及,参照;委托)attendto...(倾听;照顾,料理)resortto...(诉诸于……)attributeto...(把……归因于,认为是……的结果)respondto...(……做出反应)belongto...(属于)seeto...(负责,留意,照料)compare...to...(与……比较;将……比作为)stickto...(坚持)confessto...(坦白,坦承)subject...to...(使遭受…,使蒙受……)conformto...(顺从,与……一致)turnto...(翻到;向……求助)contributeto...(有助于,促使)yieldto...(屈服于)...历年四级考题中与上述短语相关的考题很多,下面仅列出一些典型的例子(选项中以黑体字为正确答案):(1)Thisisthenursewho________tomewhenIwasinhospital.(CET-4,,52)(2)Iwouldneverhave________acourtoflawifIhadn'tbeensodesperate.(CET-4,,66)(3)He________tohiscustomersandhalvedtheprice.(CET-4,,65)(4)Eatingtoomuchfatcan________heartdiseaseandcausehighbloodpressure.(CE T-4,,55)(5)Ididn'.(CET-4,,35)(6)Themaninthecornerconfessedto________alietothemanagerofthecompany.(CE T-4,,58)(7)BecauseEdgarwasconvincedoftheaccuracyofthisfact,he________hisopinion .(CET-4,,60)(8)Thereishardlyanenvironmentonearth________somespeciesofanimalorotherh asnotadaptedsuccessfully.(CET-4,,53)(9)Themanagerassuredthecustomerthathiscomplaintwouldbeseen________immed iately.(CET-4,,70)(10)Policehave________tothepublictocomeforwardwithanyinformationwhichmi ghthelpthemintheirinquiries.(CET-4,,44)(11)Isitadvisableto________ourbodytothesunlight(CET-4,,62)2.“be+过去分词/形容词+to”结构beaddictedto...(对……上瘾)beopposedto...(反对)beattachedto...(附属于)besubjectto...(易遭……的;以……为条件的)bedueto...(归功于……,因为……)beused/accustomedto...(习惯于……)beobjectedto...(反对)...相关的四级考题如下:(12)Thecommitteeistotallyopposed________anychangesbeingmadeintheplans.( CET-4,,61)(13)Althoughpunctualhimself,theprofessorwasquiteused________lateforhisl ecture.(CET-4,,31)'being'being(14)Thematchwascancelledbecausemostofthemembers________amatchwithoutast andardcourt.(CET-4,,48)二、与某些名词一起构成特定搭配此类名词与to一起构成固定结构“名词+介词to”,可分为两类:1.某些固有名词,如admission,access,answer,approach,barrier,k ey,right,solution等;2.由相关动词派生而来的名词,如exposure,objection,reaction,response等。

相关的四级考题如下:(15)TheBritishgovernmentoftensaysthatfurnishingchildrenwith________toth einformationsuperhighwayisatoppriority.(CET-4,,55)(16)Ihavenoobjection________yourstoryagain.(CET-4,,27)(17)Doeseveryoneonearthhaveanequalright________anequalshareofitsresourc es(CET-4,,55)(18)Thetraditionalapproach________withcomp lexproblemsistobreakthemdownintosmaller,mo reeasilymanagedproblems.(19)ThedoctortoldPennythattoomuch________tothesunisbadfortheskin.(CET-4,,57)(20)Itwasdifficulttoguesswhather________tothenewswouldbe.(CET-4,,42)(21)Theyhavebeentryingtoarriveatapracti-calsolution________theproblem.(CET-4,,49)三、与某些形容词一起构成特定搭配此类形容词后接介词to,构成特定搭配,可分为三类:1.某些固有形容词,如contrary,cruel, equivalent,indifferent,parallel,relevant,second,se nsitive,similar等;2.形容词superior,inferior,senior,junior 等,这些词虽然都是原级形容词,却含有比较意味,后面都不能用than表示比较,而必须用to;3.由相关动词派生而来的形容词,如addicted,applicable,comparable,preferable 等。

相关的四级考题如下:(22)Someplantsarevery________tolight;theyprefertheshade.(CET-4,,70)(23)Colorandsexarenotrelevant________whetherapersonissuitableforthejob. (CET-4,,45)(24)Adarksuitis________toalightoneforeveningwear.(CET-4,,60)(25)Physicsis________tothesciencewhichwascallednaturalphilosophyinhisto ry.(CET-4,,24)(26)Cancerissecondonly________heartdiseaseasacauseofdeath.(CET-4,,30)(27).(CET-4,,55)(28)Whatyouhavedoneis________thedoctor'sorders.(CET-4,,63)四、用于特定的介词短语中含有介词to的介词短语也有很多,具体如下:asto...(关于) thanksto...(多亏……,由于……)inadditionto(加之,除了……之外)toone'sabilities(capabili ties,potential...)(尽某人所能)incontrastto...(与……对照)toone'ssurprise(amazement,relief...)(令人感到……) inresponseto(对……做出反应)tosomedegree(extent)(在某种程度上)owingto...(因为)withreferenceto...(关于,至于)previousto...(在……之前)with/inregardto...(关于,至于)priorto...(先于……;比……重要)withrespectto...(关于,至于)...相关的四级考题如下:(29)________theenormousflowoffoodfromtheentireglobe,thesecountrieshavef ormanyyearsnotfeltanypopulationpressure.(CET-4,,46)(30)TheBritishconstitutionis________alargeextentaproductofthehistorical eventsdescribedabove.(CET-4,,50)(31)Beingapopstarcanbequiteahardlife,withalotoftravelling________heavys chedules.(CET-4,(32)Housewiveswhodonotgoouttoworkoftenfeeltheyarenotworkingtotheirfull_ _______.(CET-4,,35)(33)Itisusefultobeabletopredicttheextent________whichapricechangewillaf fectsupplyanddemand.(CET-4,,29)五、用于特定句型中介词to还可以用于某些特定句型中,但此类句型不多,常见的只有两例:whenitcomesto...(当提到……,当论及……) see(toit)that...(留意……,负责……,务必……)相关的四级考题如下:(34)Doingyourhomeworkisasurewaytoimproveyourtestscores,andthisisespecia llytrue________itcomestoclassroomtests.(CET-4,,36)(35)'ll________thathewillnotbelatetomo rrow.(CET-4,9介词“to”例解1.Ihavenoobjection____theeveningwiththem.A)tospendB)tospendingC)ofspendingD)spending2.Thetraditionalapproach__withcomplexproblemsistobreakthemdownintosmaller,moreeasilymanagedproblems.A)todealingB)indealingC)dealingD)todeal3)DoeseveryoneontheearthhaveanequalshareofitsresourcesA)byB)atC)tod)over4)Ihavenoobjection)))yourstoryagain.A)tohearB)tohearingC)tohavingeardD)tohaveheard5)Ialways_____whatIhavesaid.A)gettoB)holdtoC)leadtoD)setto6)Medicalresearchhasshownthatthewidespreaduseofcigarettecontributes___t heincreaseofcancers.A)towardsB)forC)withD)to7)’ll___thathewillnotbelatetomorrow.A)besureB)hopeforC)seetoitD)makeitto8)BecauseEdgarwasconvincedoftheaccuracyofthisfact,he___hisopinion.A)struckatB)stroveforC)stucktoD)stoodfor9)Welovepeace,yetwearenotthekindofpeopletoyield__anymilitaryhreat.A)upB)toC)inD)at10)Generouspublicfundingofbasicsciencewould___considerablebenefitsforth ecountry’shealth,wealthandsecurity.A)resultfromb)settledownc)lieinD)leadto11)Thecommitteeistotallyopposed___anychanesbeingmadeintheplans.A)ofB)agianstC)onD)to12)Ididn’A)LookoutB)makeoutC)refertoD)goover13)Weobjectpublishingawholegroupforonefault.A)againstB)aboutC0toD)for14)Thematchascancelledbecausemostofthemembers____matchwithoutastandardc ourt.A)objectedtohavingB)wereobjectedtohaveC)objectedtohaveD)wereobjectedtoh aving15)Whatyouhavedoneis___thedoctor’sorders.A)attachedtoB)responsibletoC)resistenttoD)contraryto16).A)superiortoB)moresuperiorthanC)moresuperiortoD)superiorthan17)Someplantsaresosensitive_____pollutionthattheycanonlysurviveinaperfe ctlycleanenvironment.A)fromB)againstC)toD)with18)Cancerissecondonly___heartdiseaseasacauseofdeath.A)ofB)toC)withD)from19)Althoughpunctualhimself,theprofessorwasquiteused___lateforhislecture.A)tohavestudentsB)forstudents’beingC)forstudentstobeD)tostudents’being20)Agriculturewasastepinhumanprogress___whichsubsequentlytherewasnotany thingcomparableuntilourownmachineage.A)toB)inC)forD)from21)Wewerstruckbytheextent__whichteachers’decisionsservedtoin terestsoft heschoolratherthanthoseofthestudents.A)toB)forC)inD)with22)Itisusefultobeabletopredicttheextent___whichapricechangewillaffectsu pplyanddemand.A)fromB)withC)toD)for23)TheBritishconstitutionis___alargeextentaproductofthehistoricalevents describedabove.A)withinB)toC)byD)at。