(word完整版)高考英语词汇词性转换.doc

词形转换题规则(Daniel)一.动词变名词1.动词变b(e)为p再加tion变为名词describe,absorb,subscribe,prescribe2.动词以me结尾去e再加ptionconsume,assume3.动词变ve为f变为名词believe,relieve,grieve4.动词加y变为名词discover,deliver,recover,特殊:tend-tendency unite-unity5.动词去掉e再加上y变为名词injure,(e)inquire6.动词以ze结尾把ze变为sis成名词analyze,emphasize-emphasis7.动词去e加上al或直接加al变为名词arrive,refuse,survive,approve,remove,propose,withdraw,rehearse,revive,rene w,dispose8.动词加ing变为名词begin,read,draw,feel,build,end,skate,cross,paint,suffer,find,mean,swim,teach ,train,say,cut,steal,set begin/swim/cut要双写连环变化,加上ing再加s变为复数belong,surround,save9.动词去掉t加上ssion变为名词permit,admit,submit10.动词去掉d(e)加sion变为名词decide,conclude,explode,persuade,expand,invade,include,exclude但compare-comparision11.动词加t变为名词complain,weigh 但pursue-pursuit12.动词加上age变为名词marry-marriage store-storage post-postage cover-coverageshort(形容词)—shortage13.两个动词去d加se变为名词defend,respond14.三个动词以se结尾变se为ce变为名词advise,practise15.两个动词变为名词后以ice结尾变为名词choose-choice serve-service16.动词加ence变为名词prefer,differ,exist,refer,occur,resist17.动词加ance变为名词appear,perform,assist,attend,accept,allow,acquaint 特殊:enter-entrance 18.动词去e再加ance变为名词guide,insure,tolerate19.动词以s或t结尾一般直接加ion变为名词30A:add,attract,adopt 3C:collect,connect,contradict,construct 4D:discuss,depress 2E:elect,express,exhibit,exhaust 4I:instruct,inspect,impress,invent,interact,inject,interrupt 7O:object,obsess 2P:possess,prevent,perfect,predict 4R:react,reflect 2S:suggest,select 2特殊:receive-reception recognize-recognition solve-solutionresolve-resolution destroy-destruction suspect-suspicion abolish-abolition 20.动词以te或se结尾一般去掉e再加上ion变为名词41A:appreciate,associate 2C:confuse,congratulate,celebrate,concentrate,communicate,circulate,consoli date 7D:decorate,devote,donate,distribute,discriminate,dictate 6E:educate,eliminate,evaluate,estimate 4F:fascinate,frustrate 2G:graduate 1H:hesitate,hibernate 2I:indicate,illustrate,innovate,immigrate 4L:locate,liberate 2M:motivate,migrate 2N.negotiate 1O:operate,obligate,oppose 3P:participate,pollute,promote 3R:revise 1S:situate 121.动词去掉e再加ation变为名词17A:admire,adore 2C:combine,converse,conserve 3D:determine 1E:explore,examine 2I:invite,imagine,inspire 3O:organize,observe 2P:prepare 1R:realize,reserve 2S:starve 1但administer-administration22.动词直接加ation变为名词expect,consider,present,transport,adapt,transform,limit,recommend,relax,te mpt23.两个动词需去掉倒数第二个i再加ation变为名词explain-explanation exclaim-exclamation24.以y结尾的动词去y加上action变为名词或变y为i再加action变为名词satisfy-satisfaction,qualify-qualificationapply-application,identify-identification25.动词以ce结尾去e再加tion变为名词introduce,reduce,induce,produce26.动词去掉e再加ition变为名词compete,oppose,compose特殊: repeat-repetition recognize-recognition27.动词去掉e变为名词breathe,bathe28.动词加上ment变为名词37A:achieve,advertise,amaze,astonish,arrange,agree,appoint,amuse,accomplish ,assess,argue 11C:commit 1D:develop,disappoint,discourage 3E:excite,equip,enjoy,entertain,embarrass,employ,encourage,establish,enforce 9F:fulfill 1G:govern 1I:involve,improve 2J:judge 1M:manage 1P:punish,pay 2R:require,retire,reinforce 3S:settle,state 2特殊:argue-argument 必须去掉e再加men judge-jud(e)ment有e无e都可以29.动词变ize为y变为名词apologize,memorize30.动词加上ure变为名词fail,mix,press,depart动词去掉e加上ure变为名词please,expose特殊:sign-signature31.动词加上ant变为名词assist,attend特别:apply-applicant participate-participant32.无规律变化prove-proof behave-behavior think-thought die-death fly-flighthate-hatred rob-robbery bleed-blood二.动词变形容词1.动词加上ite变为形容词favour,oppose-opposite2.动词的过去分词就是形容词alarm,acquire,adopt,hurt,wound,injure,lose,go,break,leave,relieve,bend,infor m ,marry,divorce,impress,devote,fix,note,endanger,locate,seat,addict,commit ,dedicate,involve,engage,prepare,age,balance,crowd,occupy,delight,overjoy, determine,disable,drink,distinguish,mistake,motivate,qualify,stress,learn,org anize,honor,privilege,fix,note,endanger3.动词的过去分词与现在分词就是形容词interest,move,surprise,worry,frighten,scare,terrify,amuse,excite,thrill,annoy,e mbarrass,please,shock,satisfy,convince,disappoint,discourage,depress,frustra te,amaze,astonish,annoy,inspire,exhaust4.动词加上ing变为形容词或去掉e再加上ing变为形容词miss,demand,reward,promise,challenge,invite,strike,remain,love,encourage,f ollow,lead,press,fill,fulfill5.动词加上able变为形容词comfort,favor,agree,accept,enjoy,suit,avoid,profit,replace,adapt,work6.动词去掉e再加上able变为形容词admire,desire,achieve,advise,adore 特殊:rely-reliable7.动词加上ial变为形容词benefit-benificial influence-influential8.动词加上ive变为形容词impress,attract,instruct,interact,protect,reflect,act,react,select,collect,support,express,exhaust9.动词去掉e再加ive变为形容词create,cooperate,communicate,innovate,appreciate,特殊:produce-productive compete-competitive attend-attentive10.动词加上ative变为represent,talk,imagine-imaginative11.动词变de为sive变为形容词decide,conclude,explode,include,exclude12.动词去e加上ant变为形容词ignore,tolerate特别:hesitate-hesitant13.动词加上ent变为形容词depend14.动词加上ful变为形容词care,cheer,thank,stress,regret15.动词加上ate变为形容词consider,fortune(名词)-fortunate16.动词加上ly变为形容词live,love17.动词加上ious变为形容词infect 但suspect--suspicious envy-envious continue-continuous18.动词加上less变为形容词care,end,help,count,use19.特殊slip-slippery volunteer-voluntary三.名词变形容词1.名词加上ful变为形容词success,shame,care,cheer,thank,stress,regret,peace,skill,meaning,help,use,pa in,beauty,thought,colour,sorrow,hope,doubt,tear,grace2.以ce结尾的名词把ce变为t变为形容词importance,confidence,difference,silence,convenience,patience,absence,pres ence,independence,significance,diligence,intelligence,excellence,violence,co mpetence,distance,evidence,innocence,arrogance,consequence,coincidence,c onsistence3.名词加上ive变为形容词effect,subject,object,mass,excess 但expense-expensive4.名词加上al变为形容词tradition,education,environment,convention,accident,occasion,person,origin, nation,music,emotion,addition,season,coast特殊:center-central society-social medicine-medical technique-technical 5.名词去e加上al变为形容词practice,globe,culture,universe,nature,6.以cs结尾的名词把s变为al变为形容词politics-political physics-physical geography-geographical mathematics-mathematical7.名词变y为i加(c)al变为形容词history-historical chemistry-chemical technology-technologicalindustry-industrial8.名词去e加ial变为形容词face,influence,finance,commerce特殊:part-partial benefit-beneficial confidence-confidential society-social essence-essential9.ic结尾的形容词energy-energetic science-scientific base-basic reality-realistic artist-artistic enthusiasm-enthusiastic fantasy-fantastic volcano-volcanicreality-realistic system-systematic sympathy-sympathetic10.名词加上ible变为形容词access,terror-terrible,sense-sensible,horror-horrible11.名词加上able变为形容词avail,reason,comfort,fashion,value-valuable,knowledge-knowledgeable 12.名词加上en变为形容词wood,wool13.名词加上ly变为形容词friend,week,love,time,mother,father,man,child特殊:day-daily14.名词加上less变为形容词self,speech,aim,count,care,help,hope,home,use,price,worth,value penny—penniless15.名词加上ed变为形容词detail,talent,gift,skill,experience,crowd16.变y为i再加ous变为形容词vary(动词),harmony,mystery17.名词加上ous变为形容词humor,courage,danger,mountain,poison,fame-famous,adventure-adventurous18.三个名词以tion结尾把n变为us变为名词caution,ambition,religion19.以ty结尾的名词变形容词curiosity,generosity,anxiety,20.名词加上ish变为形容词fool,self,child21.名词加上y变为形容词health,wealth,risk,luck,need,mess,sleep,thirst,dirt,salt,cloud,wind,rain,snow, greed,mist,guilt,smell,rock,blood,stick,water,hand,hill fog-foggy sun-sunny mud-muddy22.名词去e再加y变为形容词taste,juice,noise,scare,spice,ice23.两个名词去掉倒数第二个字母e再加y变为形容词anger,hunger四.形容词变名词1.两个以ous结尾的形容词去掉u在s后加ity变为名词curious,generous2.两个以ous结尾的形容词把ous变为ety变为名词various,anxious特殊:social-society3.三个去e加上ity变为名词diverse,creative,secure4.六个形容词加ity变为名词major,minor,equal,real,similar,popular特殊:necessary-necessity5.三个形容词以t结尾加上y变为名词honest,modest,difficult6.形容词加上ty变为名词safe,certain,cruel7.以ble结尾的形容词把ble变为bility即3变6变为名词able,possible,responsible,available,flexible,capable8.形容词加上ness变为名词kind,careful,weak,dark,careless,eager,willing,sick,ill,fit9.形容词需要变y为i再加ness变为名词happy,friendly,lonely,lazy10.形容词或动词加上th变为名词warm,grow特殊:deep-depth11.两个形容词以ong结尾变ong为ength变为名词long,strong特殊:young-youth12.两个形容词需去e再加th变为名词true,wide13.两个以eight结尾的名词weigh-weight,high-height14.形容词去t加cy变为名词efficient,fluent,frequent,urgent,emergent,vacant15.形容词去te加cy变为名词accurate,private16.去e加y结尾的名词injure,brave-bravery17.形容词加上(d)om变为名词free,wise-wisdom,bored18.两个形容词以tinct结尾加上ion变为名词distinct,extinct五.名词变动词1.名词加上后缀en变为动词fright,light,bright,red,strength,threat,length2.名词加上前缀en变为动词danger,courage,joy,force,counter,title,code3.名词加上前缀em变为动词body,power,brace六.形容词变动词1.形容词加上后缀en变为动词loose,tight,wide,deep,weak,worse,less,soft,broad,short2.形容词加上前缀en变为动词able,large,rich,sure,close七.形容词变副词的特殊情况1.以le结尾的形容词去e加y变为副词高中常考:simple,terrible,possible,gentle,probable,comfortable,flexible ,responsible,incredible,inevitable,unbelievable,unavoidable其它可能会考:idle,able,,reliable,considerable,(in)visible,stable,remarkable, favorable,sustainable,portable, horrible,admirable,noticeable, miserable,memorable,fashionable (这些权当过过词汇瘾)特殊whole--wholly sole-solely2.两个形容词以ue结尾需要去掉不发音的字母e再加ly变为副词true,due3.两个以ll结尾的形容词加上y变为副词full-fully,dull-dully4.以ic结尾的形容词加上ally变为副词basic,scientific,automatic,optimistic,magic,pessimistic,enthusiastic,energetic ,sympathetic,systematic,terrific,dramatic,fantastic,historic,authentic,allergic, domestic,democratic, economic,gigantic,realistic,romantic特殊:public-publicly5.双重变化shy-shyly/shily dry-dryly/drily6.名词变副词名词+ward(s) backwards,northwards名词+ways sideways名词+wise clockwise,crosswise。

高中英语词性转换变化及其构词法。

一定程度扩充词汇一 . 转化：指由一种词性转化为另一种词性的构词形式。

1. 名词转化为动词：book （n 书— v 预定）；seat （n 座位— v 使就位；落座）；water （n 水— v 浇水）；shoulder （n 肩膀— v 负责任）2. 动词转化为名词：try （v 尝试— n 尝试）；look （v 看— n 表情）；swim （v 游泳— n 游泳）；dream （v 做梦— n 梦）3. 形容词转化为动词：dirty （adj 脏的— v 弄脏）；slow （adj 慢的— v 放慢；减慢）；right （adj 正确的— v 纠正）；dry （adj 干的— v 变干）；free （adj 自由的— v 解放；使自由）；wrong （adj 错误的— v 弄错；受委屈）4. 形容词转化为名词：dear （adj 昂贵的— n 喜欢的人/ 物）；quiet （adj 寂静的— n 寂静）；total （adj 全部的— n 总数）5. 其它词类的转化情况：Our classroom faces south. （south：n 南方；南面— adv 向南；朝南）6. 当英语词汇转化时，转化后的词的读音常有变化。

二 . 合成：指由两个或两个以上本身有独立含义的词合在一起组成一个有具体意义的新词的构词形式。

1. 合成形容词的常见构词形式：⑴数词+ 名词a five - year plan （五年计划）；first-class products （一级品）；second-hand goods （二手货）；a four-word （四字成语）⑵数词+ 名词+ed a three - legged bench （三条腿的登子）；a one - eyed camel （一只眼的骆驼）⑶数词+ 名词+ 形容词a 20-year-old lady （一位（一位20 岁的女士）；a 1，000-metre-long bridge （一座1000 米长的桥）⑷名词+ 现在分词peace-loving （热爱和平的）；meat-eating （食肉的）；English-speaking （说英语的）；history-making （创造历史的）⑸名词+ 过去分词heart-broken （伤心的）；man-made （人造的）；state-owned （国有的）；water-covered （被水覆盖的）⑹形容词+ 名词+ed absent-minded （漫不经心的）；blue-eyed （蓝眼睛的）；good-tempered （好脾气的）；kind-hearted （和善的）⑺形容词+ 现在分词bad-looking （相貌丑陋的）；fine-sounding （动听的）；easy-going （容易相处的）⑻形容词+ 名词short-term （短期的）；part-time （兼职的）；high-class （高级的）；large-scale （大规模的）⑼副词+ 现在分词hard-working （努力工作的）；far-reaching （深远的）；ever-lasting （永恒的）⑽副词+ 过去分词well-developed （高度发达的）；well-known （著名的）；well-trained （训练有素的）⑾其他构词形式的合成形容词all-round （全面的）；face-to-face （面对面的）；thank-you （感谢的）；out-of-date （过时的）2. 合成名词的常见构成形式：①名词+ 名词silkworm （蚕）；footprint （脚印）；newspaper （报纸）；glasshouse （温室）；bedroom （卧室）②名词+ 动名词handwriting （书法）；sun-bathing （日光浴）；sight-seeing （观光）③形容词+ 名词shorthand （速记）；hotline （热线）；blackboard （黑板）④动名词+ 名词waiting-room （候车室）；sleeping-pill （安眠药）；writing-desk （写字台）；reading-room （阅览室）⑤动词+ 名词pickpocket （扒手）；post office （邮局）；playground （操场）；break-water （防波堤）⑥动词+ 副词get-together （联欢会）；break-through （突破）；take-off （起飞）；lookout （岗哨）⑦副词+ 动词downfall （垮台）；overthrow （推翻）；outbreak （爆发）；income （收入；所得）⑧其他构成形式的合成名词well-being （福利）；good-for-nothing （无用之人）；by-product （副产品）；touch-me-not （含羞草）；self-improvement （自我完善）；self-criticism （自我批评）注意：合成词如果出现复数形式时通常在其后加-s 或-es ，如by-products，reading-rooms，但应特别注意：passers-by，lookers-on 等词语是在其表达该词中心含义的词上加-s 或-es . 3. 合成动词及其他合成词类：overthrow （推翻）；sleep-walk （梦游）；undergo （经历）；everything （一切）；furthermore （而且）；forever （永远）；maybe （也许）三.派生：指由一个词根加上前缀和（或）后缀构成另一个词的构词形式。

当空格处所需词类与括号中所给词的词类不同时，就需要词类转化。

我们可据以下3条规则顺利解题：(1)作主语或宾语用名词形式；(2)作定语、表语或补足语用形容词形式；(3)修饰动词、形容词或另一副词，作状语，用副词形式。

具体解题技巧如下：第一步：分析结构，确定要填的词在句中充当哪种句子成分。

在名词前作定语、在系动词后作表语、作主语和宾语的补足语，一般要用形容词；修饰动词、形容词或副词，或修饰整个句子，作状语，用副词；作主语或宾语用名词，或者在冠词、形容词性物主代词或名词所有格后，用名词。

第二步：根据构词法将括号中的词变成所需要的词类。

注意：1. 有时不但要注意词性转换，而且还要考虑用表示相反意义的前缀或后缀， 其逻辑意义才通顺；2. 当所给词的词性与空格处所需词的词性相同时， 无需改变词性， 就可能是加只改变词义但不改变词性的前缀了。

形容词→副词wide→widely 形容词→形容词比较级/最高级wide→wider/widest 形容词→名词wide→width 形容词→动词wide→ widen 动词→名词 instruct → instruction (s)特殊变性 happy →happily, simple →simply ，true →truly, arrange →arrangement ，judge →judgment1.【2019·全国 II 卷】Her years of hard work have _____(final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.疯狂专练三 词性转化单句填空+语法填空 技巧点拨常考考点 小题狂练2【2019·全国卷I】It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been _____ (poor) studied.3. 【2019·全国卷I改编】It leads to a ______ (believe) that populations are increasing4. 【2019·浙江卷】Other American studies showed no _____ (connect) between uniforms and school performance.5.【2019·浙江卷】School uniforms are _____ (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them.6.【2018·全国卷I I】According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total _____ (globe) fertilizer consumption.7.【2018·全国卷III】I'm a _____ (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.8. 【2018·全国卷I】Running is cheap, easy and it’s always (energy).9.【2017·全国卷I I】This development was only possible with the _____ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts.10.【2019·浙江卷改编】When the children are walking to school on dark mornings, car drivers can ______ (easy) see them.11. She took the job for ______（variety）reasons.12. It (eventual) became China’s primary faith, more widespread than the original Chinese religions of Confucianism and Taoism.13. When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting ________(compete) to watch，together with the story behind it.14. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be (afford) but doing this most days adds up.15. He explained that he tried to ________ (simple) the show and ensured the piglet is unforgettable.16.The _______ (produce) made his fortune thanks to the young peppa pig.17.Now that you are able to take up arms and protect your motherland，we are all________（pride）of you.18. I suggest we should find new ways to protect the ______（endanger）animals.19. In the course of ______（evolve），some birds have lost the power of flight.20. In order to protect the environment people shouldn’t destroy ______（nature）balance.直击考题passage1体裁主题字数建议用时议论文空气污染的影响215字9分钟The silent killer — air pollution causes seven million premature (过早的) ___1___ (death) a year, not just in___2___ (develop) countries but also in UK and the USA as well. In China，people are well aware of the health problems it brings.I check every part every day. If it has heavy air pollution, I will prepare masks for my family. I dislike ___3___ when the air is bad. Because bad air makes it difficult for me to breathe and I think it does influence my ___4___ (perform) at work. A new research in China has also found a link between air quality and levels of intelligence. In the study, 25,000 people living across China __5___ (test) in language and math skills last year. They found the results of those ___6___ lived in more polluted areas were ___7___ (negative) impacted, especially in languages. It adds to a growing body of evidence that air pollution has an effect not just on the lungs and heart ___8___ on the brain.This research shows that the longer we are exposed to air pollution, the ___9___ (many) problems we’re storing up for later life. Campaigners hope this study will persuade the British government ___10___ (think) hard before it publishes its clean air strategy next year.passage2【晋冀鲁豫中原名校2019届高三第三次联考】Stand in line at any grocery store or sit in any hospital waiting room, and you see people staring at their phones, probably catching up on news or just relieving their boredom. This seems harmless enough. But could being on our phones affect our___1___(able) to connect with the people around us?__2___new study aimed to answer that question.Researcher Kostadin Kushlev and his colleagues asked pairs of college students，___3___were strangers to each other___4___(come) into a small lab waiting room-either with or without their phones. They were told that the researchers were running a bit late and they needed to wait. While waiting, their faces were___5___(secret) videotaped. Afterwards, the students___6___(report) how they felt and how much they interacted(互动)with the other participants.The researchers studied videotapes of the faces of airs who interacted，___7___(measure) how often they smiled. The___8___(result)?People with phones exhibited fewer smiles overall. They spent 30% less of the time smiling___9___people without phones, signaling less interest in connecting with others. What's more, thirty-two participants with phones didn't interact at all in the waiting room. These findings show that using phones in public _____10_____(affect) one's interaction with others. Consequently，cell phones should be used wisely.passage3【江西省名校（临川一中、南昌二中）2019届高三5月联合考试】Louis Cha, better known by his pen name Jin Yong, was a Chinese wuxia novelist and essayist, ___1___co-founded the Hong Kong daily newspaper Ming Bao in 1959 and ___2___ (serve) as the first editor-in-chief. He was Hong Kong’s most famous writer.His wuxia novels have ___3___ widespread following in Chinese communities worldwide. His 15 works ___4___ (write) between 1955 and 1972 earned him a reputation as one of the greatest and most popular wuxia writers ever. By the time of his ___5___ (die) he was the best-selling Chinese author, and over 100 million copies of his works have been sold worldwide. His works have the unusual ability ___6___ (go) beyond geographical and ideological barriers separating Chinese communities of the world, achieving ___7___ (great) success than any other contemporary writer.Most of his works ____8____ (translate) into many languages so far, including English, French, etc. Even the asteroid (小行星) 10930 Jinyong (1998 CR2) is named ____9____ him. We cannot thank him more for ____10____ he has done in novel literature.答案与解析小题狂练1.【答案】finally【解析】考查副词用法。

历年高考常考词性转换全汇总，赶快练起来！词性转换在高考英语中极其重要，特别是在语篇填空题，几乎每年都有1-3个空都是要对括号给出的单词进行词性的转换。

小编整理了历年高考真题中的词类转换词，高考前再巩固一遍，一定能拿高分！句子成分与词性的关系词性转换在高考英语中极其重要，特别是在语篇填空题，几乎每年都有1-3个空都是要对括号给出的单词进行词性的转换。

小编整理了历年高考真题中的词类转换词，高考前再巩固一遍，一定能拿高分！句子成分与词性的关系解题技巧①若提示词在主语或宾语的位置，且前面有冠词、形容词、物主代词等，一般填名词形式。

②若提示词作表语，或修饰后面的名词，一般填形容词形式。

③若提示词对整个句子或对其前、后的动词、形容词起修饰作用，一般填副词形式。

④要牢记常见的后缀形式，确保正确转换词性。

活用构词法，秒杀词性转换牢记几种常考的构词法1．形容词变副词的后缀2.形容词变名词的后缀2.形容词变名词的后缀3.动词变名词的后缀常见的动词变名词的后缀有－al，－ance，－ence，－ion，－tion，－ation，－(ss)ion，－ing，－ment，－ure，－ture，－y等。

4.动词、名词变形容词的后缀常见的动词、名词变形容词的后缀有－able，－al，－ful，－ed，－ing，－ible，－ive，－ous，－some，－y，－ern，－ish等。

5.表示否定或相反意义的前缀和后缀常见的表示否定或相反意义的前缀和后缀有dis －，il－，im－，in－，ir－，mis－，un－，－less等。

6.变动词的前缀和后缀近年高考英语5大类词形转换全汇总1形容词→副词形容词变副词的一般情况1. (2019·全国Ⅱ卷)final最终的→finally终于2. (2018·全国Ⅱ卷、2014·全国Ⅰ卷)actual真实的→actually 实际上3. (2016·全国Ⅰ卷)official正式的→officially正式地4. (2016·全国Ⅲ卷)gradual逐渐的→gradually 逐渐地tips：关于形容词词尾l，同学们怕是有很多误会，要知道变副词时："ll"结尾加-y，如full→fully，dull→dully;"le"结尾e改y, 高中阶段只有whole→wholly是例外。