IELTS小作文写作必备
Task1 写作常识p
一、图形种类及概述法：
曲线图line chart, (curve) graph；
饼状图pie chart；
柱状图bar chart；
表格图table；
流程图和示意图figure; flow chart; map(地图，选址图)
(程序图：processing/procedures diagram)
有一个单词统称所有图表figure
二、各类趋势和数据表达法
●（也可参见《高分作文》第109-111页）
关于时态：
●首句一般现在时；
●如果过去年代，用一般过去时；
●如果无年代或现在，一般现在时；
●如图表是对将来情况的预测，用一般现在时。
●如何表达总体趋势：
The overall trend tends/ed to indicate…
The general trend is/was…
趋势: trend, tendency
★线图最重要的四种趋势：
●表示“上升”的词：
动词to rise, to increase, to grow, to climb, to go up, to ascend/ 高涨，猛增to soar, to rocket,
to shoot up…
名词an increase, a rise, a climb, an uplift, (to continue) its upward trend…
形容词：increasing, growing, mounting, rising, climbing, upward…
●表示“下降”的词：
动词to fall, to decrease, to drop (off), to decline, to descend, to come down, / 微降to slide,
to diminish / 暴降to slump, to collapse, to plummet(to), to nose-dive…
名词a decrease, a fall, a drop, (to continue) its downward trend / 暴降a slump, a plunge, a
nose-dive…
形容词：decreasing, falling, declining, downward, reducing…
举例：上升可以表示成动词、名词和形容词
动词To indicate that the number rose increasingly/slightly；
名词To indicate an increasing/slight rise；
形容词To indicate the increasingly/slightly growing number.
●表示“平稳, 保持不变”的词：
动词to level off, to level out, even out, [to plateau(at) (上升后)的稳定水平(或时期)]
e.g. After a period of rapid inflation, prices now plateau at a certain level.
(经急剧通货膨胀之後物价现已趋於平稳。)
名词a leveling-off (at+数字或百分比), a plateau
e.g. Inflation rates have reached a plateau.
搭配remain(keep) stable/ steady/ unchanged/ constant/ stationary
remain/ keep a stable(steady) trend/ stationary phase
There was little/ hardly change… /…experience no change
●表示“波动”的词：
动词to fluctuate, to vary, to rise and fall…
名词a fluctuation…
●表示“逐渐，平稳”的词：
副词gradually, slowly, steadily, stably, increasingly, evenly(平均地)…
形容词gradual, slow, steady, stable, increasing, 平均的even, flat, regular…
●表示“轻微、极少”的词：
副词slightly, insignificantly, marginally(有限地), minutely, (a) little, hardly…
形容词sight, minor, slender, small…
●表示“剧烈，显著”的词：
副词sharply, rapidly, swiftly, suddenly, dramatically, drastically, massively, steeply / greatly, vastly, significantly, substantially, considerably, noticeably,…
形容词sharp, rapid, sudden, dramatic, drastic, massive, steep/
great, vast, significant, substantial, considerable, noticeable…
●表示顶点
搭配to reach/achieve/touch a peak/ summit/ a highest point /(a height) (of/to+数字/ 百分比)…
动词to peak at…
●表示底点
搭配to reach/ achieve/touch the bottom / nadir/ the lowest point (of/to+数字/百分比)…
动词to bottom out at…
●表示“年份”：
•from 1979 to 1999
•between 1979 and 1999
•starting from 1979/ to begin with 1979
•in/ during the next (following) /last five years
