A
A band of= a herd of=a flock of 一群
A range of=an array of= a list of= a collection of=a series of= a set of一系列
Accelerate=speed up加速
Accomplishment=achievement 成就，完成
Accomplish=achieve （V）完成，达成，成就
Attend=participate in 参加
Achieve=obtain=gain=access to sth 得到、获得
Adapt to=integrate into使适应、融为一体
Aim.n=objective=goal 目的
Aim at=focus on=concentrate on=emphasize on 集中、强调
An array of=a list of =a set of=a series of 一系列
Attempt to do=try to do=intend to do尝试作，想要作Approximately=roughly=about=some=around 大约
Appreciation=interest 欣赏
As a result=consequently=as a consequence=hence因此、从而
As well as=and和
As well=too也
Associate with=connect with=link with=relate to=involve in与……相关联Attach to=connect to=link to=serve与……相连接、附着在……上
At will=at random＝by chance=by accident=accidentally随意地Automatically ensure=guarantee确保
B
Be similar to=closely resembled =have something in common 相似Be used to=be devoted to专门用于
Be equivalent to=be equal to 等同于
Be taken aback=be surprised 吃惊
Briskly =rapidly=swiftly快速地
C
Calculate=measure 衡量
Catch up with=keep pace with跟上步伐
Chief=major=dominant=principle主要的
Chronic=long term 慢性病的
Complain=illness 病症
Concern n. =focus关心的问题
Concern v. =about 与……有关
Concept =conception=notion=idea=understanding概念、理解Condition=regulate 调节
Confront=encounter=in the face of面临
Concern = care关心
Consist of=comprise由什么组成
Concur with sb=agree with sb 同意某人
Contaminate=pollute=poison 污染
Contend=assert=cliam断言
Contribute to=result in=lead to=link to=responsible for导致Cooperate with=work with 与……协作
Convert to=turn into 转为、转变为
Crop up=crop out=come up 出现
D
Degenerated=underdeveloped退化
Distract from= can not concentrate 使精力分散
Deadly=fateful 致命的
Diminish=decrease=shrink 减少
Distort reality=far from reality=dishonest不真实的Distinction=difference=nuance 不同之处
Distinct=distinguish=different=unique不同的
Distinct variety of =different kind of=separate kind of不同的Distinguish=tell辨别
Due to=because of由于
Drawback=defect=ill缺点
E
Eat=feed 喂食，进食
Endanger=threaten 威胁
Engage in=participate in=join in 参与
Establish=set up建立
Establish=find out=figure out=work out查明Evolvement=development=progress发展、发育Emphasize=stress 强调（v）
Embark upon=start=launch开始
Enlighten=illuminate=instruct=educate启蒙、给予知识
Entire=whole 全部
Exceptional=extremely 特别（特别好）
F
Fail to do=failure to do=can not do没有能够做
Far from=not at all根本不
Fault=flaw=defect错误
Form=shape=mould形成
Foundation=basis基础
Finance=sponsor=fund 提供赞助（金钱）
Free=release=set free释放
Frequently=often 经常
G
Great milestone=impact=effect=influence对……具有很重要的影响力Grant=give授予
Gas=petrol石油
H
Hold=harbor=embrace拥有
Halt=stop=hamper(v.) 阻止、使停滞
Hurdle=barrier(n.) 阻碍
I
Identical=the same一模一样
Imitate=impersonate模仿
Incline to do=tend to do倾向于做某事
Indicate=show=suggest=signify=identify表明
Identify=recognize鉴别
In reaction to=respond to 对……起反应
Interpret=illustrate解释
Introduce to=import to引入
K
Key (a.)=important=significant=crucial=essential=play a vital/ an important part/role in重要的，关键的
Key (n.)=approach=means=method=technique方法
L
Likelihood=possibility可能性
Link-up=connection 联系
M
Master=grasp 掌握
Match sth to=assign sth to把……和……搭配起来Misconception=misunderstanding=mistaken view错误的理解Modify=change=alter修改、改变
Manifestation=demonstration 显示、表明
N
Nature=character=characteristics本质、特点
Non-toxic= less poisonous=safe 无毒的、安全的
Novel a.=fresh=new=up to date 新潮的、创新的
Numerous= a number of 许多
O
Owing to=thanks to =contribute to多亏……，有赖于……
P
Pattern=format形式，模式
Pattern=design图案
Pore over=study 研究
Poisonous=toxic 有毒的
Portray=describe描写塑造(v.)
Portrait=description描写塑造(n.)
Preserve=store 储存
Prevailing=popular=prevalent 盛行的
Present day=modern society 现代社会、现在时代
Prodigious effort=enormous effort重大的努力
Produce=trigger=generate=spawn=bring about=result=breed=spawn激发、产生
Provide=offer 提供
Protect A from B =shelter A from B 使A不受B的侵害
Q
Questionnaire=survey 问卷调查
R
Readily=easily=accessible 容易地
Reflect=consider考虑
Relate to=understand=appreciate理解
Rely on=depend on 依靠……
Remarkable=extraordinary 特别突出的（好的事物）
Replace=take the place of 取代
Residue=remains=relics=relicts=ruins剩余物、废墟
Resemble=like=as像
S
Show=reflect表现
Significance=importance 重要性
State=Situation=circumstance 状况,状态,情形
Striking=noticeable值得注意地
Struggle for=strive for 努力地争取
Substantial=considerable 想当可观的
Success=achievement=great outcome=great progress=huge development 成功、成就
Surprising=unexpectedly uncommon令人吃惊的
T
Take to=be used to=get used to 对……习惯
Tale=story=fairytale 故事
Talent=gift 天赋
Tuition=formal teaching正式的学校教育
Turn to=consult 寻求帮助、求助于
Toxic=poisonous 有毒的
U
Unbiased=without prejudice 无立场、不带任何偏见的
Up to=depend on/upon=rely on 由……决定
Universal=popular普遍
V
Virtue=advantage=strength 优点好处
W
Work out=figure out=reckon 计算出、作出
1
1.1解决: Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle
2.2损害：Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize
3.3给与：Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford
4.4培养：：Develop, cultivate, foster
5.5优势：Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength
6.6缺陷：Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness
7.7使迷惑：Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle
8.8重要的：Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital,
substantial, indispensable, imperative
9.9认为：Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem,
hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced
10.10保护：Protect, conserve, preserve
11.11确保：Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge
12.12有害的：Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental
13.13要求：Request, demand, needs, requisition
14.14消除：Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth
away
15.15导致：Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off,
conduce to, procure, induce, generate
16.16因此：So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a
consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this
17.17增长至：Grow to，rise to，increase to，go up to，climb to，
ascend to，jump to，shoot to
18.18降低至：Dip to，fall to，decline to，decrease to，drop to，
go down to，reduce to，slump to，descend to，sink to，slide to 19.19 保持稳定：Level out，do not change，remain stable，remain
still，remain steady，be stable，maintain the same level，remain unchanged，be still，remain the same level，stay constant，keep at the same level，level off，stabilize，keep its stability，even out 20.20急剧的：Dramatically，drastically，sharply，hugely，
enormously，steeply，substantially，considerably，significantly，markedly，surprisingly，strikingly，radically，remarkably，vastly，noticeably
21.21平稳地：Steadily，smoothly，slightly，slowly，marginally，
gradually，moderately，mildly
22.22宣称：Allege, assert, declare, claim
23.23发生：Happen, occur, take place
24.24原因：Reason, factor, cause
25.25发展：Development, advance, progress
26.26有益的：Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding，
advantageous
27.27影响：Influence, impact, effect
28.28明显的：Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest,
apparent, crystal-clear
29.29占：Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of,
make up, occupy, hold, compose
30.30与…相比：Compared with，compared to，in comparison with，
in comparison to，by comparison with，by comparison to31对比而言：By contrast，in contrast，on the other hand，on the contrary=，conversely
31.32展示：Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present,
represent, describe
32.33大约：Approximately，almost，about，around，nearly，roughly
33.34波动：Fluctuate，go ups and downs，display a fluctuation，
demonstrate a fluctuation
34.35事实上：Practically，in practice，essentially，in essence，
in reality，in effect，in fact，as a matter of fact，it is a fact that 35.36换言之：Namely，that is to say，in other words，to put it like
this，to put it differently，to put it from another way，to put it from another angle
36.Concern with = relate to 与有关
37.grow= increase= riseconcentrate on = focus on
38.Under the title=name achievement =success
39.tend to do sth = plane to do sth/ want to do sth
40.be associated with = be connected with = be linked to 与……有关联
41.approach = method = way = key intensely= extremely = very
42.establish= found = set up establishment = organization
43.offer sb sth =supply sb with sth =provide sb with sth= grant
44.argument= disagreementwork = materpiece 著作
45.contract = agreement合同，合约no= without = have no 没有
46.chaos = mess 混乱monument= landmark里程碑
47.help sb with = assist sb in doing sth=reach a hand to sb帮助某人作某
事
48.draw from = take fromleading = outstanding
https://www.doczj.com/doc/c6641924.html,petitor= rival recognize as = look/assume as
2
1.dislike=distaste test = examine
2.effect= impact=influence from…to = r ange from…to…
3.ignore = neglectas per=according to
4.unfold= carry on be reluctant to do=reject=refuse
5.before = prior to
6.predict = estimate =anticipateobey= abide by = comply with
7.account for= explain= elucidate=illustrate in essence = in fact=indeed
8.discrepancy=difference=shade forgo=give up
9.context =environment=sircumstance=situation
10.radical different=extremely different put another way=in other words
11.sort out= find out= figure out plausible = reasonable
12.fear=worrypollute = contaminate
13.predict= anticipate=forecastoverstate = exaggerate
14.in great number of = in _____ number ofactually=indeed
15.disappear= extinct灭绝seem to do =assume to do
16.solve = cope with=deal with解决accelerate = speed up
17.impact = effect =influenceresponse to = react to
18.opinion poll= survey reason = factor 原因、因素
19.entitle= name overwhelming=dominant
20.field =domain 学科领域oppose=against
21.for example=such as=for instance=sayaltruistic=non-selfish
22.lead to=result in 导致extremely=seriously 严重地
23.perception = view 观点、看法association=society协会
24.encounter with = face=confront面对postpone to=delay
25.pressing=urgent紧急、急迫measure=solution=method解决方法
26.key=crucial =significant=importmant关键、重要
27.but=yet enormous importance=great/significant
https://www.doczj.com/doc/c6641924.html,unch=startderive from = get from
29.revert to= get back todistinction=identity
30.immense =greatin the domain of=in the field of
31.couple with = along withamass dollar=accumulate dollar
32.essential feature = principleseize=grasp
33.innovative=fresh drab=dull/single
34.entirely=totallybe restricted to=be limited to
35.needs=demand
36.dub=call=name reflex=reaction/response
37.result from=originate frombe critical for = be important to
38.demanding=difficultretune=adjust
39.seek for =search foroutlook=view
40.figure out = find outtrack=follow
41.in response to=respond to = react to
42.prominence=importance revolution=invention
43.in relation to= in association withsociety = association
44.treatise=workfeature=characteristics
https://www.doczj.com/doc/c6641924.html,mercial exploitation =commercializedo with=due to=because of
46.objective = impersonal=impartialfoster=develop
47.account=explanation=illustrationsubstantial=consider=enough
48.be acknowledged=be realizedpilot program=trial program
49.configuration=structurephenomenal=surprising
50.make stride=make progressregardless of=despite of
51.perpetuate=keep=maintainaccess to sth=get sth
52.vital importance=extremely important
53.rest=depositartificial=manmade
54.make a comeback=return=re-enterbig=popular
55.ignite=trigger a field of=a domain of
56.encompass=unifyimply=indicate
57.breakthrough=milestonearound the corner=is coming
58.materialize=realizetide=trend
59.agency=organizationreckon=deem
60.approach=methodspot=find out
61.boost=promoteprospect=future
62.feature=portray elusive=pessimistic
63.match up to sth=equal with impressive=great
64.impact=effect=influencefragile=vulnerable
65.indigenous people=native peopletend to=look after
66.undermine=destroy=damageinevitable=unavoidable
67.renaissance=revive for instance=for example
68.operate=run
69.failure=incidentrare=unusually
70.tension=pressurecompression=pressure
71.prime=get ready to doinclusion=impurity
72.occur=happenanalyze=closely examine
73.detect=examine
74.trigger=produceinduce=encourage
75.regardless=in spite of considerable=substantial
76.important =crucial
77.opinon=perspective, standpoint
78.fame=prestige
79.relieve=alleviate(alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less
intense or severe)
80.force=coerces into(coerce means you make someone do something
s/he does not want to),compel
81.enlarge=magnify(magnify means make something larger than it really
is)
82.Lonely=solitary(if someone is solitary, there is no one near him/her
83.small=minuscule(very small), minute
84.praise=extol(stronger than praise), compliment(polite and political)
85.hard-working=assiduous(someone who is assiduous works hard or
does things very thoroughly
86.difficult=arduous(if something is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, and
involves a lot of efforts)
87.show=demonstrate(to demonstrate a fact means tp make it clear to
people.)
88.avoid=shun(if someone shuns something, s/he deliberately avoid that
something or keep away from it
89.fair=impartial(someone who is impartial is able to give a fair opinion
or decision on something.)
90.always=invariably(the same as always, but better than always)
91.forever=perpetual(a perpetual state never changes),
immutable(something immutable will never change or be changed)
92.quiet=tranquil(calm and peaceful), serene(calm and quiet)
93.expensive=exorbitant(it means too expensive that it should be)
94.respect=esteem
95.worry=fret(if you fret about something, you worry about it)
96.cold=chilly(unpleasantly cold), icy(extremely cold)
97.dangerous=perilous(very dangerous, hazardous(dangerous, especially
to people's safety and health)
98.nowadays=currently
99.stop=cease(if something ceases, it stops happening or existing) 100.part=component(the components of something are the parts that it is made of)
101.difficult=formidable
102.strange=eccentric(if some one is eccentric, s/he behaves in a strange way, or his/her opinion is different from most people)
103.rich=affluent(if you are affluent, you have a lot of money)
104.approximately将近-nearly, almost
105.dubious=skeptical(if you are skeptical about something, you have doubts on it.)
106.scholarship=fellowship
107.attractive=appealing(pleasing and attractive),
absorbing(something absorbing can attract you a great deal)
108.diverse=miscellaneous(a miscellaneous groups consists of many different kinds of things)
109.rapid=meteoric(ATTENTION: meteoric is only used to describe someone achieves success quickly)
110.despite=not withstanding(FORMAL)
111.best=optimal(used to describe the best level something can achieve)
112.sharp=acute(severe and intense)
113.unbelievable=inconceivable(if you deem something inconceivable, you think it very unlike to happen
114.famous=distinguished(used to describe people who are successful in their career)
115.ancient=archaic(extremely old and extremely old-fashioned) 116.possible=feasible(if something is feasible, it can be done, made or achieved)
117.of=necessary to
118.without=free from
119.about=concerning=related to
120.在…方面:in …ways=in …aspects/respects/perspectives
121.用…方法：in…ways=in…fashion=in …manner
122.rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off
123.poor = needy = impoverished
124.good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous
125.bad = detrimental = baneful =undesirable
126.healthy = robust = sound = wholesome
127.surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous
128.energetic = dynamic = vigourous =animated
129.难的：difficult=troublesome=burdensome=thorny
130.不可或缺的：
necessary=indispensable=inevitable=irreplaceable=unavoidable
131.重要的：important=crucial, critical, essential, vital
132.=be importance=be of cruciality=be of criticality= be of essentiality=be of vitality
133.巨大的：large=enormous, tremendous, considerable, appreciable 134.正确的（correct）=仔细的(careful)=arduous=assiduous
135.有道理的：reasonable=rational and plausible
136.吸引人的：attractive=inviting and appealing
137.足够的：adequate and sufficient
138.日常：daily = day-to-day = everyday
139.improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize
140.solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with
141.destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate
142.develop = cultivate = foster = nurture
143.encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur
https://www.doczj.com/doc/c6641924.html,plete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve
145.destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize
146.influence= impact
147.danger = perils =hazards
148.human beings= mankind = humane race
149.old people= the old = the elderly = the aged = senior citizens 150.teachers = instructors = educators = lecturers
https://www.doczj.com/doc/c6641924.html,cation = schooling = family parenting = upbringing
152.young people = youngsters = youths = adolescents
153.responsibility = obligation = duty = liability
154.因素：cause, reason=factor, determinant
155.联系：relationship(relate A to B) =connection(connect A to B ) =association(associate A to B)
156.优点：advantage=benefit=superiority=merit = favorable aspects/respects/perspectives=undesirable
aspects/respects/perspectives
157.disadvantage=detriment=inferiority=defect=deficiency=unfavorabl
e aspects/respects/perspectives=undesirable
aspects/respects/perspectives
158.enjoyment = pastimes = recreation= entertainment
159.children = offspring = descendant = kid
★高频短语：
1.充满了：be filled with = be awash with = be inundate with = be
saturated with
2.努力：struggle for = aspire after = strive for = spare no efforts for
3.从事：embark on = take up = set about = go in for
4.在当代: in contemporarysociety = in present-day society= in this day
and age
5.a host of = a multitude of = a vast number of = a vast amount of
6.对…有益处：be good for.=do good to
=be beneficial to
=be advantageous to
=be conducive to
7.对…有害处：be harmful/bad for
=be detrimental to
=be disadvantageous to
=be pernicious to
8.集中精力于：focus on
devote oneself to
dedicate oneself to
commit oneself to
engage oneself in
employ oneself in
9.认为：think = argue, assert, contend, claim maintain, note
hold the viewpoint that
hold the standpoint that
hold the perspective that
harbour an idea/opinion that
embrace a view that
10.反对：be against=reject, object, oppose
=be opposed to
=become hostile to
11.支持：support=take sides with
=advocate
=lend support to
=sing high praise of
雅思写作常用同义词替换100个 1. people=individuals 人们(Those who) 2. many people=a majority of people = most of people大多数人 3. a lot of=a great deal of=plenty of 很多（修饰不可数名词） 4. a great number of=a large amount/quantity of=considerable amount of= a large variety of很多（可数名词） 5. plentiful=abundant 丰富的，大量的 6. expensive=pricy 贵的 7. thing=item=goods 东西，物品 8. humans=human beings=human race=mankind 人类 9. benefit=conduce to=help=contribute to=aid to 有助于（动词） 10. harm=damage=endanger=undermine 危害（动词）
11. beneficial=helpful=conducive(rewarding)=do good to/be good for 有好处的（形容词） 12. harmful=detrimental=damaging有害的（形容词） 13. education=schooling 教育 14. think=believe=hold=maintain=consider=take for=agree认为 15. oppose=object to=be against=disagree 反对 16. support=be in favor of=be for 支持 17. as for me=as far as I am concerned=in the eyes of 对我来说 18. in my opinion=from my perspective=in my viewpoint=in my point o f view=personally 我的观点是 19. as …develop(s)=with the development of...=with the progress of…=as…ad vances随着…的发展（注意什么时候用动词，什么时候用名词） 20. quickly=rapidly=at an amazing rate=at an staggering rate 很快（副
第一讲 引发激烈讨论，热门话题，激烈争论，广泛关注 heated, hot, long-running, controversial, hotly-debated a matter of (global )concern, (burning, pressing, thorny)issue, controversy, subject, focus, topic. be put on the agenda trigger, spark, arouse intense, fierce, contentious/ debate, discussion, argument arouse people’s wide concern/ / wide public concern/curiosity/attention, make people worried become public focus/ the focus of the society more and more people---an increasing number of people more and more useful---increasingly useful 人---事物 More and more people waste ---The growing rate of waste have people calling it an epidemic a lot of ---a considerable number of/ massive/ different people have different ideas towards it----people’s ideas towards it differ from one to another. ., views on this issue vary greatly. try to—attempt to, intend to think – argue, claim , deem , insist if – provided that, assuming that, supposing that 一写作常用关键词句： 1．认为，断言：think, believe, argue, hold, contend, state, claim, suppose, advocate, assume, point out, point to, allege, assert personally, as for me, as far as I am concerned, for my part 2．许多：a large number of, a large amount of, a considerable number of, a host of, dozens of, scores of, the bulk of, a majority of 大部分的，a minority of小部分的 3．如今、目前：in contemporary society, nowadays, at present, recently, currently, in recent decades 4．越来越：increasing, growing 5．重要，必要，肯定主导，关键，根本, 意义重大：important, necessary, essential, vital, crucial, influential, overwhelming, primary, overriding, principal，fundamental, elementary, cardinal, significant, indispensable, dominant, key, leading, prominent, decisive, major, gist, crux关键，症结所在 6．关注、重视、强调、优先考虑、把…放首要位置：highlight, pay attention to, attract…, raise…concern, arouse… concern, call for…concern, attach importance to, give p riority to, lay emphasis/stress on
中性动词 1. 导致：v.cause,bringabout,giveriseto,leadto,generate,create,Beacontributingfactor to 2.认为：v.pointout,argue,claim,assert,think,consider 3.强调：v.emphasize,bring/callattentionto,accentuate,heighten,strengthen 4.集中：v.focuson,concentrateon 5.解决：https://www.doczj.com/doc/c6641924.html,bat,address,tackle,resolve,solve 6.从事：v.carryout,conduct,perform 7.承认：v.concede,admit,acknowledge,accept,allow,grant 正向动词 1.支持：v.support,advocate,agreewith 2.增加： v.increase,grow,rise,enlargen. increase,growth,rise,enlargeme nt 3.改善：v.improve,enhance,upgrade,boost n.improvement,enhancement,boom 4.扩张： v.expand,enlarge,extend,widen,broadenn. expansion,enlargement,extension 5.提高：v.augment,increase,develop,intensify n.augment,increase,development 6.发展： v.develop,advance,grow,evolve,flourish n.development,advancement,growth,flour ishing 7.产生：v.develop,comeintobeing/existence,comeabout 8.获得：v.acquire,gain,get,obtain,attain 9.执行：v.implement,execute,putintoeffect,perform n.implementation,performance 10.实现： v.achieve,fulfill,gain,accomplish,attainn.achievement,accomplis hment,attainment 11.开始：https://www.doczj.com/doc/c6641924.html,mence,begin,start https://www.doczj.com/doc/c6641924.html,mencement,beginning,start 12.促进： v.promote,further,advance,encourage,stimulate,fost ern.promotion,advancement 13.鼓励：v.stimulate,encourage,actasstimulus,motivate n.encouragement,incentive,motivation 14.唤起：v.arouse,cause,induce,prompt,trigger,sparkoff 15.需要：v.callfor,demand,require 16.取代：v.replace,taketheplaceof,substitutefor
Part 1 A A band of= a herd of=a flock of 一群 A range of=an array of= a list of= a collection of=a series of= a set of一系列Accelerate=speed up加速 Accomplishment=achievement 成就，完成 Accomplish=achieve （V）完成，达成，成就 Attend=participate in 参加 Achieve=obtain=gain=access to sth 得到、获得 Adapt to=integrate into使适应、融为一体 Aim.n=objective=goal 目的 Aim at=focus on=concentrate on=emphasize on 集中、强调 An array of=a list of =a set of=a series of 一系列 Attempt to do=try to do=intend to do尝试作，想要作 Approximately=roughly=about=some=around 大约 Appreciation=interest 欣赏 As a result=consequently=as a consequence=hence因此、从而 As well as=and和 As well=too也 Associate with=connect with=link with=relate to=involve in与……相关联Attach to=connect to=link to=serve与……相连接、附着在……上 At will=at random＝by chance=by accident=accidentally随意地Automatically ensure=guarantee确保 B Be similar to=closely resembled =have something in common 相似 Be used to=be devoted to专门用于 Be equivalent to=be equal to 等同于 Be taken aback=be surprised 吃惊 Briskly =rapidly=swiftly快速地 C Calculate=measure 衡量 Catch up with=keep pace with跟上步伐 Chief=major=dominant=principle主要的 Chronic=long term 慢性病的 Complain=illness 病症 Concern n. =focus关心的问题 Concern v. =about 与……有关
形容词 合适的: suitable/ advisable/ sound/ temperate/ rational/ preferable/ reliable/ fitting/ modest/ moderate 精致的: elegant/ delicate/ elaborate/subtle 美好的: gorgeous/ glorious/ splendid/ admirable/ breathtaking/ impressive/ spectacular/ superb 杰出的: outstanding/ distinguished/ eminent/ excellent/ supreme/ extraordinary/ prominent/ matchless/ foremost 著名的: famous/ illustrious/ celebrated/ notable 聪明的: intelligent/ wise/ ingenious/ sensible/ smart/ clever/ knowledgeable/ capable 大的: immense/ huge/ spacious/ prodigious/ massive/ enormous/ vast/ tremendous/ expansive 小的: slight/ tiny/ microscopic/ small/ diminutive/ minuscule 重要的: important/ significant/ concernful/ pivotal/ superb/ momentous/ vital/ primary/ essential/ principal/ leading/ major/ dominant/ predominant/ fateful 最好的: optimum/ premium 基本的: underlying/ elementary/ fundamental/ essential/ cardinal 不足的: insufficient/ scanty/ meager/ needy/ poor/ scarce/ devoid/ empty/ lacking 充足的: fraught/ sufficient/ enough/ adequate/ abundant 过多的: excessive/ redundant/ overabundant/ inordinate 特殊的: unique/ matchless/ unrivaled/ extraordinary / special 奇怪的: odd/ bizarre/ quaint/ weird/ queer 相似的: similar/ approximate/ proximate/ homogeneous/ identical/ equal/ equivalent/ coordinate. 无效的: null/ invalid/ void 有效的: valid/ acceptable/ effective/ resultful/ efficient/ competent 高兴的: delightful/ happy/ hilarious/ exultant/ gleeful/ joyous/ exalted/ blessed/ pleasing/ amusing成就, 成功: success/ triumph/ victory/ accomplishment/ achievement/ fruition/ consummation/ attainments 失败: failure/ be defeated/ a case of crabs 观点: point of view/ standpoint/ viewpoint/ frame of reference/ theory 财产: treasure/ profit/ fortune/ moneybag/ wealth/ belongings/ estate/ possessions/ property/ riches/ worth 好处: advantage/ behoof/ benefit/ gain/ good/ stead 优点: excellence/ merit/ strongpoint/ virtue 缺点: bug/ disfigurement/ limitation/ objection/ vice/ lacuna/ defect/downside 发展: development/ evolution/ progress/ grow 普及: popularization/ prevalence. 出现: emergence 情况: circumstance/ condition 原因: causation/ cause/ matter/ reason 影响: infection/ influence/ impact 提供: provide/ supply/ furnish/ give/ render/ accommodate 思考: consider/ speculate/ ponder/ think
英语写作常用同义词替换100个 1. people=individuals人们(Those who) 2. many people=a majority of people 大多数人 3. a lot of=a great deal of=plenty of 很多（修饰不可数名词） 4. a great number of=a large quantity of=considerable amount of很多（可数名词） 5. plentiful=abundant 丰富的，大量的 6. expensive=pricy 贵的 7. thing=item 东西，物品 8. humans=human beings=human race 人类 9. benefit=conduce to=help=contribute to 有助于（动词） 10. harm=damage=endanger=undermine 危害（动词） 11. beneficial=helpful=conducive(rewarding) 有好处的（形容词） 12. harmful=detrimental=damaging有害的（形容词） 13. education=schooling 教育 14. think=believe=hold 认为 15. oppose=object to=be against 反对 16. support=be in favor of=be for 支持 17. as for me=as far as I am concerned 对我来说 18. in my opinion=from my perspective=in my viewpoint=personally 我的观点是 19. as …develops=with the development of...=with the progress of…=a s…advances随着…的发展（注意什么时候用动词，什么时候用名词） 20. quickly=rapidly=at an amazing rate=at an staggering rate 很快（副词）
雅思写作同义词
1、趋势类词汇 上升动词类: increase， go up， rise up， grow up， jump up， surge， shoot up，keep an upward tendency 下降动词类: decrease， go down， decline， fall down， drop， sink， dip， keep a downward tendency 波动动词类: fluctuate 持平动词类: remain the same， stabilize， remain stable， remain constant 修饰动词的副词: slightly 轻微地， slowly 缓慢地， gradually 逐渐地， steadily 稳定地， rapidly 迅速地， moderately 温和地，轻微地， significantly 明显地，sharply 明显地， dramatically急剧地， drastically 急剧地 上升名词类: increase， rise， growth， jump， surge 下降名词类: decrease， decline， fall， reduction， drop 波动名词类: fluctuation 修饰名词的形容词: slight， slow， gradual， steady， rapid， moderate，significant， sharp， dramatic， drastic 2、极值类词汇和表达 最高点: reach the peak/top/highest point Increase to the peak/top/highest point 最低点: reach the bottom/lowest point drop to the bottom/lowest point 占的最多: occupy/make up/take up/account for the largest proportion/number/percentage of …
英语写作中高级同义词替换 连词篇：（介词，副词） Firstly: previously, beforehand, foremost, initially, originally, formerly, principally, mainly, essentially, basically, generally, commonly, universally, on the whole, fundamentally, to begin with, to start with, first of all, at the outset… Then: subsequently, afterward, thereafter, after that, secondarily, what is more, furthermore (further more)… Lastly: ultimately, eventually, in conclusion, to conclude, as a final point, last of all, last but not least, finally… Too: as well (句末)也, in addition, besides, moreover, additionally, to boot, excessively, also… And: plus, as well as, along with, in addition, bonus, with… Or: otherwise, if not, before, or else…
- So (adv): therefore, thus, consequently, accordingly, as a result, for that reason, hence, that’s why Because: as, due to, since, as to, in that, for the reason that, for, now that… But: however, moreover, nevertheless, nonetheless, on the contrary, on the other hand, 让步although, even thought, though, even if, while, as, despite the fact that… Only: just, merely, barely, singly, solely, rarely…Without: excluding, Very: extremely, acutely, decidedly, deeply, exceedingly, greatly, highly, uncommonly, profoundly, unusually… Actually: as a matter of fact, indeed, in fact, in point of fact, in reality, in truth, literally, truly … 形容词/副词
常见同义词归纳 Bright future/splendid future/rosy prospect Traffic busy/traffic jam/traffic congestion/gridlock Happy/delightful/glad/content/ecstatic/auspicious Difficult/hard/complicated/tough/intricate Important/significant/substantial/serious/far-reaching/ Big/large/great/huge/massive/vast/enormous/substantial Very/extremely/highly/greatly/really/deeply/profoundly Make/cause/create/effect/lead to/generate/bring about/produce/give rise to Must/necessity/essentia l/requirement/fundamental/imperative/ requisite/prerequisite/sine qua non Will n /desire/intention/fancy/preference/inclination/v wish/want/prefer/desire/see fit Good/excellent/awesome/amazing/ remarkable/nice Many/a large number of/numerous/various/countless/abundant/innumerable/manifold Think/imagine/consider/meditate/ponder/contemplate/belost in though/ People/persons/individuals/folk/men and women/humanity/mankind/ Upset/sad/sorrowful/morose/melancholy/down/depressed/dejec
问题Problem: issue, dilemma 会议Meeting: conference, discussion 学习Study: application, consideration 好处Advantage: benefit, dominance , profit 坏处Disadvantage: inconvenience, drawback ,harm , bad side 男子 male ,man, guy 女子 female , woman , lady 注意力 eyes ,attention, fame 目的 purpose , intention , goal , aim 规则 principle，rule， 形容词/副词 重要的Important: essential, significant, play a pushing role, fundamental 大的Big: massive, enormous 许多many: numerous, infinite 永远forever (adv): everlasting， undying 小的Small: minimum, diminutive 好的Good: marvelous, gorgeous, awesome 坏的Bad: awful, terrible, imperfect 聪明的Clever: brilliant, knowledgeable 开心地Happy: delightful, delectable 漂亮的Beautiful: charming, attractive, engaging 快的Fast：swift, rapid, speedy 容易的Easy: simple, effortless 清楚的Clear: obvious, apparent 困难的Difficult: complicated, complex 生气的Angry: annoyed, displeased 危险的Dangerous: perilous, breakneck 特别的 special , particularly , stand out, 基本的 basic , essential 昂贵的 expensive ,not cheap , costly 特别的 special , unique , main feature , particular, stand out 尴尬的 awkward, embarassing 逐渐地 slowly , gradually , not rapidly , not sharply , not quickly 满意的 content ，satisfied 支持的 supportive， positive , approving , backing , in favor of , stand by 不确定的 uncertain , unclear 怀疑的 doubtful， puzzled 反对的 disapproving , negative , disappointed , unfavorable , opposed to 焦虑的 worried , anxious , trembling 连词篇：（介词，副词） 首先Firstly: previously, beforehand, fundamentally, to begin with 其次Then: afterward, what is more, furthermore
动词替换 做：do=exercise, practice, perform (做法：behavior=exercise, practice, performance) 对…有益处：be good for.=do good to=be beneficial to =be advantageous to=be conducive to 对…有害处：be harmful/bad for=be detrimental to =be disadvantageous to=be pernicious to 集中精力于：focus on=A devote oneself to=dedicate oneself to= commit oneself to =B engage oneself in= employ oneself in 认为：think assert, contend, claim, maintain, note, believe, deem, insist, argue hold the viewpoint that= hold the standpoint that= hold the perspective that harbor an idea/opinion that = embrace a view that Be convinced that = be firmly convinced that = be fully convinced that (观点：viewpoint，standpoint，perspective ) 反对：be against=reject, object, oppose=be opposed to= become hostile to 支持：support=take sides with= side with =advocate=incline towards =lend support to=sing high praise of =in favor of 导致：lead to=trigger=spark=provoke=result in, bring about, contribute to =give rise to, give birth to, be responsible for (归咎于：be ascribed to=be attributed to) 看到（see），读到(read)，学到(learn)=接触到make contact with=have access to=be accessible to =暴露于be exposed to=gain exposure to =获得obtain=attain=acquire 发展(develop)，提高(increase)，改善(improve) =A 及物动词组promote, advance, enhance, reinforce 名词promotion, advancement, enhancement, reinforcement
核心动词： 1.想，认为 think,hold,argue,concede,assert,deem,consider,believe,maitain, 2深思熟虑，仔细考虑 ponder,deliberate,meditate,comteplate,reflect 3.培养 cultivate,foster,nurture,nourish 4.加强，巩固 strengthen,sonsolidate,reinforce, 5.显示，表明 manifest, display,show,reveal,present,suggest,demonstrate,indicate,illustrate,re flect 6.确认，证实 verify, confirm, establish,affirm 7.断言，宣称 declare,claim,allege,assert,state 8.支持，维护,拥护 support,maitain,uphold,approve,advocate,champion 9.反对 oppose,be against,disagree,disapprove,object to 10.解决(问题，麻烦)
solve,tackle,combat,address,resovle,cope with,settle 11.导致，引发，引起 give rise to,trigger,spark,lead to,bring about,result in, 12.建议，提议 suggest,recommend,urge,propose,advise,put forward, 13.阻止，阻碍,限制 prevcnt, deter,jeopardize,restrain，confine (to),restrict,refrain,limit 14.影响 have effect on, affect,influence,have an impact on,sway 15.增长，发展，提高 increase,rise,develop,enhance,improve,advance,upgrade,raise,facilita te,boost,promote 16.下降，减少 decrease,decline,fall,drop,slump 17.实现，完成 fulfil,realize,achieve,accomplish,attain 18.提供，给予 supply,provide,perform…for,offer,yield 19.占。。。（百分比） take up,amount to,account for,reach 20．适应
Cambridge同义词替换大全 同义词替换（剑四）TEST 1 TEST 2 TEST 3 TEST 4 同义词替换（剑五）TEST 1 TEST 2 TEST 3 TEST 4 同义词替换（剑六）TEST 1 TEST 2 TEST 3 TEST 4 同义词替换（剑七）TEST 1 TEST 2 TEST 3 TEST 4 同义词替换（剑八）TEST 1 TEST 2 TEST 3 TEST 4 Cambridge4 TEST1 1.ignore=pay no attention=not pay any attention=take no notice=not take any notice忽略，无视v. 2.encounter=face=confront=meet遇见，遭遇v. 3.mistaken view=misconception错误的观点n. 4.easy to reach=accessible容易达到的adj. 5.change=modify(modification) 改变v. 6.destruction=destroy=loss毁坏n. 7.investigate=make inquiries=enquiries=go into=probe=look into 调查v. 8.where=geographical location 表地点 9.important=vital=essential=crucial重要的adj. 10.reason=cause=factor=origins=root=stimulus=impetus原因n. 11.protect=guard=safeguard=shield=conservation保护v. 12.newspapers, television=media媒体n. 13.where to live=habitat居住地n. 14.get warmer=global warming变暖n. 15.contribute to=play a part有助于v. 16.survive=continuing existence幸存，活下来v. 17.curriculum=course=syllabus课程n. 18.link to=be connected with=be linked with把…和…相联系v. 19.underdeveloped=degenerated=rudimentary不发达的adj. 20.poor=bad=badly=not very good=no good at something=weak贫穷的，可怜的adj. 21.exceptional=good=excellent=outstanding=brilliant=impressive=admirable超常的，例外的adj. 22.mating=courtship交配. 23.follow=track=tail=shadow=hound=stalk=stalker跟随，跟踪v. 24.good vision ability=vision is obviously more useful…好的视力 25.best=well=greatest=finest=ideal= top= number one =ultimate=optimum=definitive=unsurpassed=record-breaking极好的adj. 26.surprised=amazed=astonished=astounded=be taken aback=startled感到惊讶的adj. 27.volunteer=subject实验研究对象n. 28.similar=resemble=like=alike相似的adj. 29.blind=can not see瞎的adj. Cambridge4 TEST2 1.initiative=on your own/by yourself=independently=on your own initiative=under your own steam=to be the person who starts something=plan=law主动的，自发的adj. 主动权n.
雅思写作同义词替换全集 中性动词 generate, create, Be a contributing factor to. C_____ to 2. 认为：v. point out, argue, claim, assert, think, consider 3. 强调：v. e_____, bring/call attention to, a_______, h______, s______ 4. 集中：v. ________ on, ______ on 5. 解决：v. c_____, a_____, t_____ resolve, solve 6. 从事：v. carry out, c____ perform 7. 承认：v. c_____, a____, a______ a_____, a_____, grant 正向动词 2. 增加：v. i______, grow, rise, e______ n. 3. 改善：v. i______ e______ upgrade, boost n._______, _________boom 4. 扩张：v. e______, enlarge, e_____, widen, broaden n. expansion, enlargement, extension 5. 提高：v. augment, i_____, d_____ intensify n. augment, increase, development 6. 发展：v. develop, a_____, grow, e_____, f____ n. development, advancement, growth, flourishing 7. 产生：v. develop, come into being/existence, come about 8. 获得：v. a____, g____, get, o____, a_____ 9. 执行：v. i_______ e______, put into effect, p_____ n. implementation, performance