2019-2020年高考英语高频词汇必背及训练1

2019-2020年高考英语高频词汇必背及训练1

1.access ①通道，入口 ②(接近或进入的)方法，机会，权利③[vt.]取得，获取（尤指计算机数据）

考点提示：

①have access to sth.可以使用……/有……接触机会

have access to a car/a puter.有汽车/计算机可以使用

②gain/get access (to sth.)进入[某地】；见到[某人或某物]

完成句子

①学生需要得到图书的方便途径。

Students need easy _____________________ the books.

②每个人都有受教育权。

Everyone __________________________ education.

③只有沿着那条狭窄的路走才能到达他们的房子。

_____________________________their house is along that narrow road.

2.absence n. ①缺席，不在场[反presence] ②不存在，缺乏

考点提示:

①absent (adj.) 缺席的；不在的;

be absent from……不在……；缺席……

be absent for……（不在）去了……

②in/during sb’s absense在某人不在期间

完成句子

①我不在时，请照看我的房子。

Please take care of my house

________________________________________________________________________.

②在缺乏其他证据下，我们不得不认为这属实。

We were obliged to accept it as true

________________________________________________________________________.

③老师对他旷课很生气。

The teacher was angry at his

________________________________________________________________________.

④他今天缺课/缺勤/缺席会议。

He ___________________________ today.

⑤有些国家终年无雪。

Snow __________________________ some countries.

⑥他外出了，现在在欧洲。

He ________________________.

vt.认为，猜想

考点提示：

suppose＋that/to be认为，猜想

be (not) supposed to (do)(不)被期望，(不)应该

suppose/supposing that(与given, provided通用)

表示“假定……结果会怎么样”

I suppose so./No, I suppose not./No, I don't

suppose so.我认为这样。/不，我不认为这样。/不，我不认为这样。

(1)—Jerry is playing online games.

—He's playing gamesHe's ________ to be doing his homework now.

A. believed B. supposed C. considered D. pretended

(2)—How do you ________we will go to Hainan for our holidays

—I think we'd better fly there. It's much more fortable.

A. insist B. want C. suggest D. Suppose

4.switch vt.转换，转变

考点提示：

switch (from A) to B(由A)转换成B

switch on开(电灯、机器等)

switch off关(电灯、机器等)；失去兴趣；觉得乏味

switch over转换频道；转变

(1)In order to stop poverty, the World Bank has________its focus to providing technical assistance

and long­term loans to developing countries.

A. fixed B. exchanged C. transferred D. switched

(2)She started studying medicine at college, but ________ to Business Studies in her second year.

A. transformed B. skipped C. adjusted D. switched

vi.重要，有重大关系 n．物质；问题；毛病

考点提示：

to make matters worse更糟糕的是

no matter不要紧，没关系

as a matter of fact实际上；不瞒你说；确实

It doesn't matter.没关系。

“他问我怎么回事”习惯上说：He asked me what was the matter. (此处因what作主语，故后边语序不变)，而有些学生惯用He asked me what the matter was.句子虽正确，但意思不同，此处是“他问我那物质是什么。”

①Don't worry. It's only a(n) ________of money. We will try our best to collect enough.

A. matter B. affair C. business D. accident

②The thing that ________ is not whether you fail or not, but whether you try or not.

A．matters B．cares C．minds D．considers

v. ①谴责，指责 ②宣判，判刑[同sentence]

完成句子

①我们谴责他的不良行为。

We ________ him ________ his bad conduct.

②犯人被判处死刑。

The prisoner ___________________________.

7.condition n. ①条件 ②[ 用复数](工作或生活等的)条件，状况 ③[(健康或物品的)状态，状况

完成句子/英译汉/单项选择

①如果你能在星期一还我，我可以借给你这本书。

I will lend you the book ________________________ you________ it on Monday.

②在这么恶劣的情况下，我们只有推迟野营了。

_____________________, we have to put off the camp.

③He is living in terrible conditions.

④That is a used car in good condition.

_____________________________________________

⑤我决不会改变我的主意。

On no condition ________________________ my mind.

⑥I agree to his suggestion ________ the condition that he drops all charges.

A. by B. in C. on D. to

8.character n．品质；性格；人物；角色；字体

考点提示：

be different in character有着不同的性格

a man of character有个性的人，有骨气的人

a leading character主角

in the character of以……的资格，扮演……的角色

out of character不适合，和……不相称

The Chinese characters汉字

characteristic adj. 表现特点的n. 特征，特性，特色

characterize v. 表现……的特色

①Hiking by oneself can be fun and good for health. It may also be good for ________ building.

A．respect B．friendship C．reputation D．character

②Mr. Johnsons is of good ________， so he is respected and loved by everyone in the neighbourhood.

A．character B．characteristic C．feature D．uniqueness

vt.建立，创立

考点提示：

be founded on/upon建立在……基础上

find→found→found(发现)

found→founded→founded(创办，建立)

foundation n．基础，根据，建立，创办

lay foundations 打地基

founder n．奠基者，创建者，缔造者

put up, set up, build与found的区别

①put up表示“建造，搭建”时，指高于地平面的建筑物，即“搭起，竖起，挂起”之意，同set up。

②set up还表示“建立，成立”，常与表示组织、机构、团体之意的词连用，这时相当于found，如：set up

home安家落户。

③build意为“建造，建设，建立”，是最普通的用语，常指建造大的东西，可接具体或抽象的名词。

④found指建立、成立机构或组织等。此意同set up，但found更强调打基础。

用found, put up, set up的正确形式填空：

①________in 1636，Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.

②A new theatre ________________ where there used to be a temple.

③The factory has ________ a night school to strengthen the workers' education.