大学英语三期末复习材料翻译部分（15%，整句翻译）
unit 5 P160 翻译
1) 由于不了解艾滋病，以前人们称HIV感染者为“祸害”。
Owing to ignorance of AIDS, people used to label HIV infected/carriers/victims as evils.
2) 普及艾滋病知识的活动需要继续开展，这个阶段的重点放在这种病的传播途径。(contract)
The campaign of Knowing More About AIDS needs to be carried on, and for/at this stage the emphasis is
put on the way (how) the disease is contracted.
3) 我们真切地向青年人呼吁：请保重身体，良好的健康将使你能最好地应对生活中的任何困难。We appeal to the young earnestly: Take care of your health, with which you’ll be best equipped to handle
any tough problems in your life.
4) 众多杰出科学家们将于本周五齐聚日内瓦(Geneva),讨论主要源于现代社会激烈竞争的诸多问题。The leading scientists will be meeting in Geneva on Friday to discuss problems largely caused by the
fierce competition in modern society.
5) 他的恐高归因于童年时期一次非常痛苦的经历。他曾经被迫独自一人站在10米跳台上长达10分钟。His fear of heights was attributed to an extremely painful experience in his childhood. He was once
forced to stand alone on the 10-meter diving board for up to 10 minutes.
6) 我们相信新发布的关于改善农村医疗系统的文件必将终结农村地区缺医少药的时代终将结束。We
believe that with the newly issued document on improving the medical system in rural areas, the era is to be
brought to an end when such areas are always short of doctors and medicines.
大学英语三 期末复习 unit 8 P257
Translation
1) 在饭桌上，我们中国人会习惯性地劝客人多吃菜，以证明我们热情好客(hospitality)。
As a proof of our hospitality, we Chinese will habitually urge our guests to help themselves to more
dishes on the table.
2) 移居到一个新的国家，你可以通过倾听人们的谈话，观察他们的举止来适应当地文化。
When you move to a new land, you can / may orient yourself to the local culture by means of listening
to what people say and observing how they act.
3) 熟悉的环境给人安全感，所以人们往往有意无意地抵制或避开陌生环境。(familiarity; tendency)
Familiarity with the environment gives a person a sense of security; so people have the tendency to
resist or avoid new situations, consciously or unconsciously.
4) 对某地区的人产生偏见甚至敌意，这经常源于我们对他们缺乏了解。(hostility; result from)
Prejudice against or even hostility towards people from a certain region often results from the fact
that we know very little about them /we know virtually nothing about them.
5) 我觉得直接拒绝是一种礼貌，而我父母却很少说“不”,以免使对方为难。(decline)
I believe it is polite to decline directly, while my parents seldom say “No” so as not to embarrass
others.
6) 知识积累有两种方式:亲身体验和间接体验。能为我们打开不同文化 世界的阅读属于间接体验。
There are two means to build up knowledge: to get it personally or by second-hand experience.
Reading, which opens up a new world of different cultures for us, belongs to second-hand experience.
完形填空（10%）
（unit 5 P160 Cloze） AIDS is a terrible disease. It poses a threat (1) to all the human beings without
caring whether you are black or white, male or female, gay or straight, young or old. But what is at risk (2) now is not just the people infected (3) with the disease. Human civilization itself is being threatened. This is
because the whole society tolerates both ignorance of and prejudice (4) against HIV or AIDS. Once
diagnosed (被诊断) as HIV-positive, the victims are isolated (5) or treated as outcasts. They are believed to
have contracted (6) something evil or to have entered some alien state of being. AIDS.艾滋病是一种可怕的疾病，对所有的人类都构成了威胁，不管你是白人还是黑人，男性还是女性，同性恋还是直男，年轻还是年老。但是现在面临的不仅仅是人类感染艾滋病的风险，由于整个社会对艾滋病毒或艾滋病的无知和偏见的容忍，人类文明本身也受到威胁。一旦被诊断为艾滋病毒阳性，受害者就会被孤立或者被遗弃。他们会被认为感染了邪恶的东西或者变成了某种怪异的生物体。As a result, these poor people
have to shelter (7) the flickering candle of life from the cold wind of rejection by their family members.
When they die of the disease, their families dare not whisper the word AIDS. They just grieve (8) silently.
Thus, our prejudice and silence have helped the disease along (9). 因此，从家庭成员的抗拒冷漠中，这些可怜的人不得不掩藏了生活中的闪烁亮光。当他们死于艾滋病时候，他们的家人没有勇气轻声说出“艾滋病”这个词，他们只是独自地悲伤。因此，我们的偏见和沉默助长了疾病的蔓延。 Now HIV marches
firmly towards AIDS in more than a million American homes, littering its pathway (10) with the bodies of
the young. 现在在一百多万美国家庭里，艾滋病病毒正稳步地向艾滋病迈进，沿途丢弃的尽是年轻人的尸骨。To guard against the disease effectively, we must take this issue (11) seriously. People should be
educated to bring (12) those negative attitudes to an end. We should not see AIDS as something evil (13)
and the patients as alien. Instead, we should concern ourselves with (14) the prevention of the disease and
render strong support (15) to the patients with more compassion. Only in this way can we have a better
chance of winning the war against为了有效地对抗这个疾病，我们应该严肃地对待这个话题。人们应该接受教育，把所有的消极的态度抛弃掉，我们不该视艾滋病为邪恶的东西，也不该视艾滋病人为怪异的生物体。相反地，我们应该关注疾病的预防，并带着更多的同情心给予病人更多的支持。只有靠这种方式，我们才有更好的机会去赢得对抗艾滋病的战争。
(P256 unit 8 Cloze) When we are suddenly transplanted (1) abroad, we may lose the peace of mind we
need for everyday work and life. All the familiar cues (2) disappear including words, gestures, facial
expressions, customs, or norms. We reject the foreign environment and slip into the tendency (3) to believe
that our culture, race and nation form the center of the world. The frustration (4) and anxiety that can be
attributed (5) to the loss of familiar signs are symptoms of culture shock.当我们突然置身国外的时候，我们可能会失去我们每日工作和生活所需要的心灵的平静。熟悉的暗示都消失了，包括语言、手势、面部表情、风俗习惯或社会行为标准。我们排斥外国环境，并且往往相信我们的文化、种族和民族构成了世界的中心。这种由于熟悉标志的消失产生的挫败感和焦虑感就是文化冲击的症状。One of the
effective cures (6) for this ailment is to know something about the nature of culture and its relationship to
the individual. We should bear in mind that we are born with the capacity (7) to learn culture and use it. The
culture of any people is the product of history and is built up (8) over time. It is by means of (9) culture that
we learn to adapt to the physical environment and to the people with whom we associate.这种病的一种有效治疗办法就是了解文化的本质，以及文化与个体的关系。我们应该牢记我们生来拥有学习和使用文化的能力。任何人类的文化都是历史的产物，是经过漫长的时间才得以积累形成。通过文化，通过文化学会适应周围的物质环境，学会和周围的人打交道。 Therefore, it is due to (10) our own lack of
understanding of other people’s cultural background and of the means of communication that we can not
orient ourselves to (11) the host country. Another quick way to get over (12) culture shock is to know the
language. Once we are equipped with the language, a whole new world of cultural meanings opens up (13)
for us. We will begin to find out not only what people do and how they do things, but also what their
interests are因此，因为自己对其他民族的文化背景缺乏理解或者缺乏与对方沟通的方式,，我们没有办法使自己熟悉所到之国另一种快速克服文化冲击的方法是熟悉那门语言。一旦你学会了那门语言，
