全国高等教育自学考试语言与文化试题课程代码
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全国2018年10月高等教育自学考试中国文化概论试题课程代码:00321一、单项选择题(本大题共15小题,每小题1分,共15分)在每小题列出的四个选项中只有一个选项是符合题目要求的,请将正确选项前的字母填在题后的括号内。
1.进到“文化”,人们常常引用“圣人观乎天文,以察时变;观乎人文,以化成天下。
”此语出自( )A.《论语》B.《易》C.《荀子》D.《礼记》2.在中国文化的地理背景中,中国处于世界最大的欧亚大陆的东部,东临浩翰的( )A.大西洋B.印度洋C.太平洋D.北冰洋3.地域文化形成的第一个条件是( )A.人文环境B.地理环境C.生活环境D.自然环境4.重农主义是为保护小农而打击工商业的一种国家观念。
我国重农主义观念起于( )A.西周B.东周C.汉朝D.明朝5.中国文化的鼎盛时代是在( )A.先秦时期B.秦汉时期C.魏晋南北朝D.隋唐两宋6.传说车的发明者是( )A.黄帝B.高车部C.鲁班D.伏羲7.我国古代著名的法医专著《洗冤录》的成书时代是( )A.唐代B.宋代C.元代D.明代8.中国传统政治制度中,将郡县制度推向全国的是( )A.西周B.战国C.秦朝D.唐朝9.中国历史上第一部初具体系的封建法典是( )A.郑国子产《刑书》B.魏国李悝《法经》C.《秦律》D.汉《九章律》10.中国传统的哲学观念中,提出“中庸”这一价值原则的是( )A.老子B.庄子C.墨子D.孔子11.中国古代教育的总体目标集中反映在( )A.《论语》B.《孟子》C.《礼记·大学》D.《荀子·劝学》12.在现代中国的56个民族中,除汉族外,有代表本民族语言的文字的少数民族达到( )A.24个B.20个C.16个D.12个13.在近代否定汉字的主潮中,明确提出汉字与拼音文字优劣互补主张的学者是( )A.章炳麟B.吴稚晖C.鲁迅D.钱玄同14.“五四”以后的20年代,主张“儒学复兴论”的代表人物是( )A.贺麟和冯友兰B.梁赖溟和熊十力C.唐君毅和牟宗三D.余英时和杜维明15.对西方文官制度产生过很大影响的中国古代制度是( )A.宗法制B.监察制度C.科举制度D.法律制度二、多项选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分)在每小题列出的选项中有二至四个选项是符合题目要求的,请将正确选项前的字母填在题干的括号内。
全国高等教育自学考试国考0359英语(二)
全国高等教育自学考试中的“国考0359英语(二)”是针对自考学生中的英语专业本科段的一门考试科目。
以下是关于该科目的相关信息:
1. 科目名称:英语(二)
2. 科目代码:0359
3. 考试形式:笔试
4. 考试时间:100分钟(或120分钟)
5. 满分值:100分(或120分)
6. 及格分数:通常为60分及格,但具体可能会根据地区和院校而有所不同
7. 考试内容:主要考察学生的英语语言知识及应用能力,包括词汇、语法、阅读、写作、翻译等方面的知识和技能。
8. 备考建议:
词汇积累:英语(二)要求掌握的词汇量较大,建议考生注重日常积累,多读、多写、多记。
语法练习:加强对英语语法知识的学习和练习,尤其是对于较为复杂的句型和结构。
阅读理解:多进行阅读训练,提高阅读速度和理解能力。
写作与翻译:定期进行写作和翻译练习,提高语言输出能力。
总之,要取得好的成绩,考生需要全面掌握英语语言知识,并注重实际应用能力的提升。
希望以上信息对你有帮助,如需更多信息,建议访问各地区自考官网或咨询相关机构。
2021年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试语言学概论试题答案及评分参考(课程代码00541)一、单项选择题:本大题共20小题,每小题1分,共20分。
1.B 2.C 3.D 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.D 11.D 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.A 16.B 17.A 18.D 19.D 20.C二、名词解释题:本大题共4小题,每小题4分,共16分。
21.语言符号的线性特征:语言符号的线性特征是指语言符号只能一个接一个出现,其结构必须是按照时间顺序成一条线的样子排列。
22.双语现象:某一言语社团使用两种或两种以上语言的现象叫双语现象。
23.负迁移:第二语言学习过程中,母语语言规则不符合第二语言的规则,从而对第二语言学习产生消极影响,就叫负迁移。
24.大脑单侧化现象:人的大脑左右两个半球不完全对称,大小略有差别,分工不同,左半球一定部位掌管语言和抽象思维活动,右半球一定部位掌管与语言无关的直观动作的思维活动。
三、分析题:本大题共2小题,每小题7分,共14分。
25.这种言语行为符合会话准则中的礼貌原则,这是出于相互尊重的需要(3分)。
具体来说体现出赞誉,即会话中尽量少赞誉自己、多赞誉对方,甚至可以不完全符合事实(4分)。
26.“裏”“後”“發”使用错误,当分别为“里”“后”“髪”。
找出1个问题1分(共3分),正确分析4分。
四、简答题:本大题共2小题,每小题10分,共20分。
27.标[piɑu55](2分),包含的音素分别是[p][i][ɑ][u](8分)。
28.基本词是整个语汇系统的基础和核心(1分),其特点是:第一,稳固性,产生时间早,历史悠久(3分);第二,普遍性,表示最常见的事物现象和人们交际最需要的基本概念(3分);第三,构词能力强,是构成新词的基础或核心语素(3分)。
语言学概论试题答案及评分参考第1 页(共2 页)五、论述题:本大题共2小题,每小题15分,共30分。
2021年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试中国文化概论试题课程代码:00321一、单项选择题:本大题共30小题,每小题1分,共30分。
在每小题列出的备选项中只有一项是最符合题目要求的请将其选出。
1、《礼记•中庸》说:“能尽人之性,则能尽物之性”,这说明中国古代观察世界和改造世界的出发点是(C)A、道德B、礼仪C、人文D、科学2、唐朝时,在今西藏地区主要居住的民族是(B)A、羌族B、吐蕃C、鲜卑D、回纥3、历来有居“天下形势”之说的地区是(B)A、山东B、山西C、湖南D、湖北4、我国现行的少数民族文字中,属于表意文字的是(A)A、彝文B、朝鲜文C、傣文D、蒙古文5、中国文化中心和经济中心几千年历史发展的大势是(D)A、从西南向东南逐渐移动B、从西北向东北逐渐移动C、从西南向东北逐渐移动D、从西北向东南逐渐移动6、在保护自然方面,“不违天时”观念的提出者是(B)C、墨子D、韩非子7、下列选项中,不属于宋代“通漕四渠”的是(D)A、广济河B、金水河C、惠民河D、淮河8、氏族制度形成于(B)A、旧石器时代B、新石器时代C、商代D、周代9、汉朝地方行政体系中,最小的单位是(A)A、里B、乡C、亭D、县10、儒家“仁者,人也”最基本的要求是(B)A、“成人之美,不成人之恶”B、“己所不欲,勿施于人”C、“修身、齐家、治国、平天下”•D、“先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐”11、由子哲学强调主观上对矛盾的摆脱,强翻对生活的超越。
摆脱、超趣的方法是(B)A、无为B、齐物C、天人感应.D、道法自然12、汉代灭南越,设立珠崖、南海等九郡的皇帝是(C)A、汉文帝B、汉景帝13、士人群体真正构变成享有社会实际权益的士族阶层是在(B)A、先秦时期B、两汉时期C、魏晋时期D、五代十国时期14、唐朝在中央实行三省六部制,“三省”中负责政策执行的是(C)A、中书省B、门下省C、尚书省D、内使省15、明朝用“八股文”取士,题目就出自朱熹的(C)A、《楚辞章句》B、《古今图书集成》C、《四书章句》D、《五经正义》16、“兴,百姓苦;亡,百姓苦”的历史揭示出自(A)A、《山坡羊•潼关怀古》B、《一枝花•不伏老》C、《哨遍•高祖还乡》D、《西园闻见录•关税》17、我国南方稻麦两熟制形成于(D)A、西汉B、东汉C、北宋D、南宋18、下列选项中,属于秋季的节气是(C)A、雨水B、小满C、处暑D、小寒B、十三行C、番邦行D、迎宾馆20、下列选项中,历史上曾以狗拉爬犁为交通工具的民族是(A)A、赫哲族B、黎族C、傣族D、瑶族21、中医肺腑学说的思想来源是(B)A、“天人合一”学说:B、“阴阳五行”学说C、“知行合一”学说D、“中和之德”学说22、下列选项中,已出现雕版印刷术的是(D)A、周代B、秦代C、汉代D、唐代.23、古代“朝赏暮戮,忽罪忽赦”的情形时有发生,这反映了皇帝拥有(A)A、司法权B、军事权.C、财经权D、行政权24、礼起源于(C)A、祭祀B、法律C、习俗D、神话25、天子亲自前往泰山祭祀,这种祭祀方式属于(A)A、就祭D、合祭26、荒礼属于(D)A、冠礼B、婚礼C、诞生礼D、凶礼27、“家人鸡鸣而起,长幼悉正衣冠,以次拜贺”所描述的场景会出现于(A)A、春节B、清明市C、端午节D、重阳节28、佛教的基本教义是“四谛”法,下列选项不属于“四谛”法的是(D)A、苦B、集C、灭D、爱29、“不愤不启,不悱不发,举一隅不以三隅反,则不复也”体现的教学思想是(A)A、启发诱导B、因材施教C、教学相长D、学思结合30、中国对乐理的认识很早,周代已创立了五音阶体系。
2020年8月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试语言学概论试卷(课程代码00541)一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题,每小题1分,共20分)1.提出大脑中存在语言遗传机制的是(C)A.索绪尔B.葆朴C.乔姆斯基D.雅各布逊2.下面各项中属于擦音的是( B )A.[p]B.[x]C.[y]D.[a]3.美发业广告语“毫末技艺,顶上功夫”采用的修辞手法是(C)A.双语B.双言C.双关D.双文4. 成年“狼孩”回到人类社会后无法学会说话,这是因为已经超过了大脑语言功能的(D)A.潜伏期B.学习期C.遗传期D.临界期5.从语言历时演变角度来划分不同的语言,可以建立语言的(B)A.形态分类B.谱系分类C.结构分类D.语种分类6.让计算机听懂人说话的语音信息处理技术是(A)A.语音识别B.语音合成C.语音实验D.语音混响7.商代称母亲同辈的妯娌为“诸母”,这样的称呼反映了远古社会的(C)A.道德礼仪B.政治习惯C.婚姻制度D.等级制度8.儿童语言获得过程中,双词句阶段标志着其产生了最早的(C)A.思维能力B.理解能力C.语法能力D.推理能力9.下面各项与汉语有亲属关系的是(D)A.满语B.蒙古语C.维吾尔语D.藏语10.“法官认为证人说的话可信”中的“话”是指(A)A.言语作品B.言语过程C.言语动作D.言语行为11. 下面各项属于北方方言的是(A)A.武汉话B.长沙话C.南昌话D.苏州话12.下列各项属于符号的是(B)A.炊烟B.文字C.咳嗽声D.脚印13.意大利多斯岗方言成为意大利共同语基础方言的主要原因是( B )A.政治因素B.经济因素C.军事因素D.文化因素14.中国第- 部方言学著作《方言》的作者是(A)A.扬雄B.许慎C.墨子D.荀子15.目前的研究成果证明,人类语言的核心部分是(A)A.句法结构B.词汇结构C.语音结构D.语义结构16.“反对的是少数人”存在(B)A.显性语法歧义B.隐性语法歧义C.显性词汇歧义D.隐性词汇歧义17.下面各词中,属于音译词的是(C)A.钢琴B.水泥C.基因D.热狗18. 一般认为历史比较语言学的先驱是英国学者(B)A.巴尼尼B.琼斯C.乔姆斯基D.霍凯特19.苗语中“妻夫”“母父”“女女男男”这样的词序,反映出苗族历史上(D)A.女少男多B.女多男少C.男性地位高D.女性地位高20.下面词语属于成语的是(D)A.北京大学B.拼死拼活C.瑞雪丰年D.卧薪尝胆二、名词解释题:本大题共4小题,每小题4分,共16分。
高等教育自学考试中国文化概论试题及答案全国10月高等教育自学考试中国文化概论试题课程代码:00321一、单项选择题(本大题共25小题,每小题1分,共25分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
错选、多选或未选均无分。
1.狭义的文化又称()A.国别文化B.人文文化C.民族文化D.历史文化2.下列选项中,属于文化学研究基础单位的是()A.文化现象B.文化产品C.文化思潮D.文化事象3.被中国古人称为“表里山河”的地带是()A.青藏高原地带B.华北平原地带C.江汉平原地带D.黄土高原地带4.古埃及文明发源于()A.两河流域B.尼罗河C.底格里斯河D.幼发拉底河5.中国古代的林木乱砍滥伐,在北方造成灾难性的后果,其中一个重要原因是统治者太喜欢()A.大兴水利B.大兴武功C.大兴土木D.大兴文治6.司马迁的《史记》是()A.纪传体通史B.纪传体断代史C.国别史D.典志史7.从夏代起,中国开始了“家天下”的历史。
从夏初一直到周人建国之前,历史的显著特征是()A.部落的代兴B.部族的代兴C.族群的代兴D.方国的代兴8.“国之大事,唯祀与戎”一语反映的是()A.三皇五帝时代的史实B.夏朝史实C.商朝史实D.西周史实9.下列各项中,时代、作者、农书名相一致的是()A.唐贾思勰《齐民要术》B.宋陆龟蒙《耒耜经》C.元王桢《农政全书》D.明宋应星《天工开物》10.下列选项中,属于北方麦黍型农耕文化主要标志的是()A.栽培高粱B.整修田埂C.使用水车D.栽培水稻11.中国古代,金銮殿、寺庙、官府等建筑物在选址时所取的朝向是()A.正东B.正南C.东南D.西南12.中国西晋时期著名的医学著作《脉经》的作者是()A.王叔和B.皇甫谧C.孙思邈D.李时珍13.宗法制度瓦解的时期是()A.西周时期B.春秋时期C.秦朝D.汉朝14.在周代,与宗法制密切相关的制度是()A.三公九卿制B.井田制C.察举制D.分封制15.秦朝,中央主管兵权的军事长官、协助皇帝处理军务的是()A.太宰B.丞相C.太尉D.御史大夫16.举行观灯、舞龙、耍狮等礼俗活动的传统节日是()A.元宵节B.中秋节C.端午节D.重阳节17.荀子提出“天人之分”观点的文章是()A.《礼论》B.《正论》C.《天论》D.《乐论》18.周代,人们四时祭祀祖先,秋祭叫()A.礿B.禘C.尝D.烝19.著有《抱朴子》、《金匮药方》等书的著名道士是()A.寇谦之B.丘处机C.孙思邈D.葛洪20.唐代最有名的软舞是()A.《胡腾》B.《胡旋》C.《绿腰》D.《霓裳羽衣舞》21.在言语形式方面,主张言辞华美的是()A.孔子B.老子C.杨雄D.陆机22.普通话的基础方言是()A.北京话B.北方话C.南方话D.官话23.隶书的成熟期是在()A.秦代B.汉代C.隋代D.唐代24.佛教在中国的衰落阶段是()A.东汉魏晋时期B.东晋南北朝时期C.隋唐时期D.宋元明清时期25.现代新儒家的鼎盛时期是()A.20世纪30年代B.20世纪40年代C.20世纪50、60年代D.20世纪80年代二、多项选择题(本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分)在每小题列出的五个备选项中有二至五个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
全国年高等教育自学考试语言与文化试题课程代码The document was prepared on January 2, 2021全国2003年10月高等教育自学考试语言与文化试题课程代码:00838第一部分选择题共30分I. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by fouralternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement.20%cold dish of raw vegetables with a dressing is called _____.A. hamburgerB. sandwichC. saladD. puddinglanguages have _____ terms and distinguish at least three characteristics in relatives.A. generationB. subtleC. complicatedD. kinshipspeakers are direct people who tend to _____.A. locate peripheral meaning before central meaningB. locate central meaning before central meaningC. locate the modified after the modifierD. think holisticallyEnglish all the prefixes are _____ morphemes.A. inflectionalB. grammaticalC. derivationalD. implicitof the following statements is not trueA. English speakers have a relatively small range of possibilities to selectfrom when naming their newly born babies.B. English surnames are more distinctive than given names.C. English given names are more distinctive than surnames.D. Names include given names, surnames, full names and nicknames or pet names. an English speaker refuses the compliment which merely comes out of politeness, he may say _____.A.“Do you really think so ”B.“Oh, I wish it could be true.”C.“Oh, you are too polite.”D.“No, I don’t think so.”7.“To make a cat laugh” means _____.A. to be comicB. to be tragicC. to be proudD. to be seriousEnglish equivalent for “前车之覆,后车之鉴” can be “_____”.A. Rats desert a sinking shipsmall leak will sink a great shipC. He that would sail without danger must never come on the main seaD. Let another’s shipwreck be your seamark9.“Green” connotes _____ in English culture.A. ProsperityB. immaturityC. longevityD. sincerity10.“Brown paper”corresponds to _____.A.棕色纸B.秘密文件C.揭露社会黑暗的报纸D.牛皮纸English equivalent for “空袭紧急警报” is _____.A. blue alertB. white alertC. red alertD. black alert12.“Sanitary engineer” is the euphemistic expression for “_____”.A. garbage collectorB. cleanerC. plumberD. gardener13.“敬请指正”can be treated as the Chinese equivalent of “_____”in English.A. I’d like to have your comments.B. Will you please point out my errorsC. I’d like to have errors correctedD. I’ll gratefully expect your comments.the speaker or writer discusses many things indirectly related to the central idea of the text and /or to each other he or she develops the text in an _____ fashion.A .linear B. spiralC. inductiveD. deductivemost striking phonetic difference between American and British English is the pronunciation of _____ in words.A. rB. aC. whD. erfirst _____ made in 449 . had strong impact on the laws made later in most European countries.A. Roman lawB. Napoleonic CodeC. French lawD. British lawdistance zone ranging from 4 inches to about 8 feet is referred so as the_____ zone.A. publicB. intimateC. socio-consultativeD. casual-personalone’s open hand with palm down to one’s throat means “_____” in English culture.A. Shame on youB. I’m fullC. Kill yourselfD. You’re shorter than Iproxemics scholars are particularly interested in the _____ between interlocutors in interpersonal communication.A. relative rightsB. relationshipC. distanceD. relative obligationbrand name _____ is neutral or positive in meaning in Chinese culture but pejorative in English cultureA.青岛啤酒B.白象牌电池C.泸洲老窖D.菊花电扇II. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives can complete the statement. There might be more than one correct answer.10%are some important properties of language.A. UnsystematicB. Human specificC. VocalD. A set of symbolsthe expression “to meet one’s Waterloo”,the word “Waterloo” alludes to _____.A. a great victoryB. an achievementC. a final defeatD. a difficult or obstacleEnglish brand names _____ are coinages.A. TraneB. PlaytexC. PierreD. Cartanword “woman” can be defined conceptually as _____.A. an adult femaleB. prone to tearsC. long hair wearingD. biped25.“Purple” in English culture is often associated with _____.A. high rank or stationB. low rank or stationC. imperial or royal rankD. something bestare usually taboo topics in conversations between strangers in English culutre.A. Age and incomeB. Love and marriageC. Political and religious beliefsD. Personal opinions about daily affairsis onomatopoeic words.A. SquealB. MurmurC. RushD. Clickyou respond to the compliment “You look very nice in this dress”,you should say “_____”.A. Thank you.B. No, I don’t think so at all.C. Do you really think soI was not sure whether it suits me.D. It’s very kind of you to say so.serve the function of substitution.A. Saying louder than usual to emphasize a verbal messageB. Pausing before saying something importantC. Waving goodbyeD. Beckoning another person to come“slow” student may be euphemistically referred to as “_____”.A. a mentally retarded studentB. one who is working at his/her own levelC. one who can do better work with helpD. a problem student第二部分非选择题共70分III. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression.12%invisible, portable space that surrounds us is referred to as _____ space.thinking interacts with English, while holistic thinking interacts with Chinese.33.“Pay one’s debt to nature” is the euphemism for _____.English equivalent of “寒舍” is _____.an English paragraph the sentence representing the central idea is referred to as _____ and often located at the initial part of the paragraph.is safe to say that Chinese advertising as a whole tends to be more _____ than English advertising.language represents thought, it is _____ by thought.is generally true that an English word may represent a _____ or associative meaning different from that of its translation equivalent in Chinese.English functional equivalent for “敬请光临” is _____.English proverbial equivalent for “金无足赤,人无完人”is _____.English expression _____ is equivalent to “秃子头上的虱子——明摆着” in China.refers to a kind of journalism with heavy emphasis on scandals, or resenting ordinary news in a sensational manner.IV. Answer the following questions briefly:12%is the English equivalent for “黑信”is the British equivalent for the American word “raincoat”is the major difference between English and Chinese descriptive texts in styleis it said that English is a hypotactic language and Chinese is a paratactic languagehitchhiking is symbolized in English culturecross-cultural contrasts can you find between English and Chinese titles in vocativesV. Translation:16%breathed his last during the night.born to the purple are destined to live in the public eye.greatest artist of the first half of this century has long last gone the way of all flesh.rose by any other name would smell as sweet.53.为金钱而侍奉上帝的人会为更多的报酬服侍魔鬼.54.你对他期望过高了.干这活他还是新手呢.55.请提宝贵意见.56.别指望亚瑟会为自己辩护,他胆小如鼠.VI. Define the following term:10%core Englishthinkingblack sheepc cultureprincipleVII. Discuss the following topics:20%are bodily organs related to sex and sexual intercourse treated in English and Chinesecross-cultural contrast can you find between English and Chinese telephone calls。
全国2006年1月高等教育自学考试大学语文(本)试卷课程代码:00011一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题,每小题1分,共20分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
错选、多选或未选均无分。
l.《寡人之于国也》所体现的孟子的政治主张是()A.以民为本,实行王道B.治国以礼,为政以德C.举贤授能,广纳人才D.顺应自然,无为而治2.在《赵威后问齐使》中,赵威后用钟离子、叶阳子、婴儿子、於陵子为例,来批评齐国政治失当,这种论证方法是()A.归纳法B.演绎法C.对比法D.类比法3.李斯在《谏逐客书》中,大肆铺陈秦王所喜好的珍宝、美色、音乐,是为了()A.批评秦王劳民伤财,声色误国B.渲染秦国强大富足,无所不有C.投其所好,以便说服秦王收回逐客令D.阐发重物轻人不可能统一天下的道理4.在《论毅力》中,粱启超引用孟子“掘井九仞,而不及泉,犹为弃井也”的话作比喻,是为了强调()A.有毅力就成功,无毅力就失败B.毅力大小不同,效果就不相同C.只有毅力至强,事业方能成功D.如果方向不对,就会劳而无功5.鲁迅在《灯下漫笔》中说:“‘复古家’尽可不必悲观的。
太平的景象还在:常有兵燹,常有水旱。
”这里运用的表现方法是()A.铺垫B.对比C.反语D.象征6.在《选择与安排》中,朱光潜用“浮雕突出于石面”作比喻,是为了说明()A.选择材料要突出文章主旨B.选择材料要抓住典型细节C.安排材料要注意轻重分明D.安排材料要做到层次清楚7.在《郑伯克段于鄢》中,体现统治阶级道德虚伪的典型细节是()A.庄公“寤生”B.颍考叔“食舍肉”C.庄公母子“隧而相见”D.共叔段“收贰为己邑”1 / 68.在《李将军列传》中,作者认为李广虽身经百战、战功显赫却不能封侯的主要原因是()A.个人负能使性B.执政赏罚不公C.个性口讷少言D.机遇蹇于遭逢9.在《始得西山宴游记》中,总体上侧面描写西山高大特立的语句是()A.凡数州之土壤,皆在衽席之下B.尺寸千里,攒蹙累积,莫得遁隐C.萦青缭白,外与天际,四望如一D .是山之特立,不与培为类10.在《马伶传》中,写马伶在第一次技艺较量失败后“易衣遁矣”这种人物描写方法是()A.肖像描写B.行为描写C.言语描写D.心理描写11.《爱尔克的灯光》的总体行文特点是()A.熔叙事、抒情、议论于一炉B.边叙事,边议论,难得抒情C.边叙事,边抒情,难得议论D.先叙事,再抒情,后议论12.《往事》借赞美大海的特性,来寄托作者的人格理想,这种表现方法是()A.铺垫反托B.对比反衬C.托物言志D.侧面烘托13.我国古代第一位有巨大成就的诗人是()A.陶渊明B.曹操C.李白D.屈原14.《短歌行》的体裁是()A.汉乐府B.乐府旧题C.新题乐府D.新乐府15.从题材上看,《山居秋暝》是一首()A.送别诗B.爱情诗C.山水诗D.边塞诗16.白居易《杜陵叟》的语言特点是()A.典雅B.华丽C.艰深D.通俗17.《八声甘州》中,“是处红衰翠减”之“红”、“翠”二字所用的修辞格是()A.借代B.比喻C.比拟D.夸张2 / 618.张养浩《山坡羊·潼关怀古》的着眼点在()A.山川的险要B.王朝的兴衰C.百姓的苦难D.文物的损毁19.《苦恼》中人与马的对比体现在()A.姚纳伫立如“幽灵”,马伫立如“蜜糖饼”B.姚纳挨受“脖儿拐”,马挨受鞭子抽打C.姚纳死了儿子,马死了初生马崽儿D.无人听姚纳诉说,小马却认真地倾听20.在《断魂枪》中,沙子龙将镖局改成客栈的动因是()A.时代变了,镖局已没有生意B.时代变了,武艺已没有价值C.时代变了,沙子龙不得不变D.时代变了,沙子龙主动求变二、多项选择题(本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分)在每小题列出的五个备选项中有二个至五个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯精选自学考料介绍⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯全国 2019 年 10 月高等教育自学考试语言学概论试题课程代码: 00541一、单项选择题(本大题共26 小题,每题 1 分,共 26 分)在每题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是切合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
错选、多项选择或未选均无分。
1.语言符号拥有可变性的根根源因在于语言符号的()A. 随意性B.强迫性C.失散性D.线性2.音高取决于()A. 发音体振动的振幅B.发音体振动的频次C.发音体振动的连续时间D.共识器的形状3.听觉上最自然、最简单分辨的最小语音单位是()A. 音素B.音位C.音渡D.音节4.就词重音而言,不可以用来差异意义的是()A. 自由重音B.挪动重音C.固定重音D.不固定重音5.北京话“慢”单念时读[man],但“慢慢儿”却有人读做[mai mar],前一音节的语流音变现象是()A. 同化B.异化C.弱儿D.增音6.“奥林匹克运动会”这个词包含的语素数目是()A.2 个B.3 个C.4 个D.7 个7.英语“ worker ”中的“ -er ”是()A. 构词语素B.构形语素C.虚词语素D.词根语素8.以下汉语词语中的“儿”不属于词根语素(实义语素)的是()A. 健儿B.女儿C.少儿D.花儿9.整个语汇系统的核心和基础是()A. 通用语汇B.常用语汇C.一般语汇D.基本语汇10.一般语汇(非基本语汇)最重要的根源是()A. 古语词B.方言词C.新造词D.外来词11.词组的聚合关系分类是指把词组分红()A. 向心词组和离心词组B.结合词组和偏正词组C.基本词组和特别词组D.简单词组和复杂词组112.把句子分红“单句”和“复句”,这类分类是()A. 句子的句型类B.句子的句式类C.句子的功能类D.句子的简繁类13.“恐吓”和“恫吓”在非理性意义上的主要差异是()A. 语气意义不一样B.感情色彩不一样C.语体色彩不一样D.形象色彩不一样14.以下对于词的本意和基本意关系的表述中,正确的一项为哪一项()A. 两者老是一致B.两者老是不一致C.基本意比本意更常用D.本意比基本意更常用15.以下各项词义引申中,采纳比喻方式的一项为哪一项()A.“锁”本指一种用具,后引申指依靠这一用具的行为B.“兵”本指兵器,后引申指派用兵器的人C.“南瓜”本指一栽种物,后引申指这栽种物的果实D.“后台”本指舞台的后边,后引申指在背后操控、支持的人或公司16.以下对于等义词的表述中,正确的一项为哪一项()A.等义词是理性意义和非理性意义都完整同样的词B.等义词一般都能够长久并存C.等义词在语言表达上有必定的踊跃意义D.同义词大多是等义词17“. 老王说服了小李” 中“老王” 是行为的施事,“小李”是行为的受事,这类意义是()A. 语汇意义 B.语法意义C.语境意义D.包含意义18.从现有文字史的资料来看,最早出现的字符大多是()A. 记号B.笔划C.音符D.意符19.世界上最早的表音文字是()A. 元音文字B.辅音文字C.意音文字D.全音位文字20.语言成分的借用,最常有、最突出的是()A. 词语的借用B.语音成分的借用C.词缀的借用D.语法构造的借用21.以下几种种类的社会方言中,拥有排他性的是()A. 行话B.黑话C.官腔D.贵族语言22.以下对“思想”的表述中,正确的一项为哪一项()A.思想既包含思想活动,也包含思想结果B.思想分为感性思想和抽象思想两类C.思想的形式就是观点、判断、推理D.思想一定以语言为工具23.人类开始制造工具这类行为意味着()A.人类已经产生了语言2B.人类已经产生了思想C.人类已经同时产生了语言和思想D.人类既没有产生语言,也没有产生思想24.患“失语症”是由于()A. 大脑左、右半球的单侧化功能发生了改变B. 大脑左半球的某个部位遇到了损害C.大脑的语言获取体制出现了遗传性阻碍D. 在语言临界期从前没有接触语言环境25.主要解说某个词语所代表事物的观点知识的一类字典是()A. 历史字典B.信息字典C.语言字典D.百科字典26.从翻译技术的平面看,机器翻译能够分为四个层级,从低到高的排序是()A. 单词、句法、语义、语境B.单词、语义、语境、句法C.单词、句法、语境、语义D.单词、语义、句法、语境二、多项选择题(本大题共 5 小题,每题 2 分,共 10 分 )在每题列出的五个备选项中有二个至五个是切合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
全国高等教育自学考试语言与文化试题课程代码Pleasure Group Office【T985AB-B866SYT-B182C-BS682T-STT18】全国2003年10月高等教育自学考试语言与文化试题课程代码:00838第一部分选择题(共30分)I. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives.Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement.(20%)cold dish of raw vegetables with a dressing is called _____.A. hamburgerB. sandwichC. saladD. puddinglanguages have _____ terms and distinguish at least three characteristics in relatives. A. generation B. subtleC. complicatedD. kinshipspeakers are direct people who tend to _____.A. locate peripheral meaning before central meaningB. locate central meaning before central meaningC. locate the modified after the modifierD. think holisticallyEnglish all the prefixes are _____ morphemes.A. inflectionalB. grammaticalC. derivationalD. implicitof the following statements is not trueA. English speakers have a relatively small range of possibilities to select from whennaming their newly born babies.B. English surnames are more distinctive than given names.C. English given names are more distinctive than surnames.D. Names include given names, surnames, full names and nicknames or pet names.an English speaker refuses the compliment which merely comes out of politeness, he may say _____.A.“Do you really think so”B.“Oh, I wish it could be true.”C.“Oh, you are too polite.”D.“No, I don’t think so.”7.“To make a cat laugh” means _____.A. to be comicB. to be tragicC. to be proudD. to be seriousEnglish equivalent for “前车之覆,后车之鉴” can be “_____”.A. Rats desert a sinking shipsmall leak will sink a great shipC. He that would sail without danger must never come on the main seaD. Let another’s shipwreck be your seamark9.“Green” connotes _____ in English culture.A. ProsperityB. immaturityC. longevityD. sincerity10.“Brown paper”corresponds to _____.A.棕色纸B.秘密文件C.揭露社会黑暗的报纸D.牛皮纸English equivalent for “空袭紧急警报” is _____.A. blue alertB. white alertC. red alertD. black alert12.“Sanitary engineer” is the euphemistic expression for “_____”.A. garbage collectorB. cleanerC. plumberD. gardener13.“敬请指正” can be treated as the Chinese equivalent of “_____” in English.A. I’d like to have your comments.B. Will you please point out my errorsC. I’d like to have errors correctedD. I’ll gratefully expect your comments.the speaker or writer discusses many things indirectly related to the central idea of the text and /or to each other he or she develops the text in a(n) _____ fashion.A .linear B. spiralC. inductiveD. deductivemost striking phonetic difference between American and British English is the pronunciation of _____ in words.A. rB. aC. whD. erfirst _____ made in 449 . had strong impact on the laws made later in most European countries.A. Roman lawB. Napoleonic CodeC. French lawD. British lawdistance zone ranging from 4 inches to about 8 feet is referred so as the _____ zone.A. publicB. intimateC. socio-consultativeD. casual-personalone’s open hand with palm down to one’s throat means “_____” in English culture.A. Shame on youB. I’m fullC. Kill yourselfD. You’re shorter than Iproxemics scholars are particularly interested in the _____ between interlocutors in interpersonal communication.A. relative rightsB. relationshipC. distanceD. relative obligationbrand name _____ is neutral or positive in meaning in Chinese culture but pejorative in English cultureA.青岛啤酒B.白象牌电池C.泸洲老窖D.菊花电扇II. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives.Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives can complete the statement. There might be more than one correct answer.(10%)are some important properties of language.A. UnsystematicB. Human specificC. V ocalD. A set of symbolsthe expression “to meet one’s Waterloo”,the word “Waterloo” alludes to _____. A. a great victory B. an achievementC. a final defeatD. a difficult or obstacleEnglish brand names _____ are coinages.A. TraneB. PlaytexC. PierreD. Cartanword “woman” can be defined conceptually as _____.A. an adult femaleB. prone to tearsC. long hair wearingD. biped25.“Purple” in English culture is often associated with _____.A. high rank or stationB. low rank or stationC. imperial or royal rankD. something bestare usually taboo topics in conversations between strangers in English culutre.A. Age and incomeB. Love and marriageC. Political and religious beliefsD. Personal opinions about daily affairsis onomatopoeic words.A. SquealB. MurmurC. RushD. Clickyou respond to the compliment “You look very nice in this dress”,you should say “_____”.A. Thank you.B. No, I don’t think so at all.C. Do you really think so I was not sure whether it suits me.D. It’s very kind of you to say so.serve the function of substitution.A. Saying louder than usual to emphasize a verbal messageB. Pausing before saying something importantC. Waving goodbyeD. Beckoning another person to come“slow” student may be euphemistically referred to as “_____”.A. a mentally retarded studentB. one who is working at his/her own levelC. one who can do better work with helpD. a problem student第二部分非选择题(共70分)III. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression.(12%)invisible, portable space that surrounds us is referred to as _____ space.thinking interacts with English, while holistic thinking interacts with Chinese.33.“Pay one’s debt to nature” is the euphemism for _____.English equivalent of “寒舍” is _____.an English paragraph the sentence representing the central idea is referred to as _____ and often located at the initial part of the paragraph.is safe to say that Chinese advertising as a whole tends to be more _____ than English advertising.language represents thought, it is _____ by thought.is generally true that an English word may represent a _____ or associative meaning different from that of its translation equivalent in Chinese.English functional equivalent for “敬请光临” is _____.English proverbial equivalent for “金无足赤,人无完人”is _____.English expression _____ is equivalent to “秃子头上的虱子——明摆着” in China.refers to a kind of journalism with heavy emphasis on scandals, or resenting ordinary news in a sensational manner.IV. Answer the following questions briefly:(12%)is the English equivalent for “黑信”is the British equivalent for the American word “raincoat”is the major difference between English and Chinese descriptive texts in styleis it said that English is a hypotactic language and Chinese is a paratactic languagehitchhiking is symbolized in English culturecross-cultural contrasts can you find between English and Chinese titles in vocatives V. Translation:(16%)breathed his last during the night.born to the purple are destined to live in the public eye.greatest artist of the first half of this century has long last gone the way of all flesh.rose by any other name would smell as sweet.53.为金钱而侍奉上帝的人会为更多的报酬服侍魔鬼。