高中英语语法之倒装

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倒装
一、 完全倒装:整个谓语放在主语前面,即:谓语动词+主语。 Away went the boy.
1) 表示地点的介词短语置于句首或强调地点概念时。(主句动词通常为be, sit, live, lie, stand,
rise, go, come等),如:Between the two buildings stands a tall tree.
2) 副词here, there, then, now, in, out, up, down, away, off, back等作状语置于句首时,完全倒
装,但是若主语为人称代词,则不倒装。另外,there be句型也属于完全倒装。
Out rushed the students the moment the bell rang. /He rushed out the moment…
Now comes the chance to go abroad.
Such置于句首作代词时,用完全倒装,如:Such are the most powerful voices of our times!
3) 为强调表语,把表语置于句首时,或为保持句子平衡时,用完全倒装,主语通常为名词。
Gone are the days when women were looked down upon.
4) 一些表示祝愿的句子中会用到完全倒装,但是may表祝愿时常用部分倒装。
Long live the People’s Republic of China!
May you succeed!
5) 直接引语的全部或部分置于句首时,常见完全倒装。
“Exactly,” said my father,(shaking the old man’s hand.)

二、 部分倒装:部分谓语(情态动词、系动词、助动词)在主语前,谓语主体部分仍在
主语之后,即:助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语+谓语。 Never shall I forget her.
1) 表示否定意义或半否定意义的副词、介词短语、连词等置于句首时,用部分倒装。常见
词语有never, little, seldom, hardly, scarcely, rarely, at no time, in no way等。
Little did he know that the police were around.他一点儿也不知道警察就在旁边。
Never before has our country been as united as it is.
2) 由only强调的或not until引导的状语置于句首时,用部分倒装。
Only by working hard can we succeed.
Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.
3) 在so/such…that(结果状语从句)结构中,若so或such引导的部分置于句首时,用倒
装语序。
Such a good boy is he that we all love him.
4) So/neither/nor置于句首表示前者的情况也适用于后者或一者具有两种情况时,用部分倒
装,其句型为:so/neither/nor+be/助动词/情态动词+主语
After that we never saw her again, nor did we hear from her.
I saw the film last week. So did she.
5) not only…but also连接两个并列句且not only置于句首时,前句用部分倒装,后句不用。
Not only does he know French, but also he is expert at it.
6) Neither…nor…连接并列的句子,前后都用部分倒装。
Neither do I know it, nor do I care about it.
7) No sooner…than, hardly/scarcely…when等句型中No sooner/ hardly/scarcely置于句首时,
其后用部分倒装。
No sooner had he returned home than he began to prepare supper.