定语从句6 (2)

b. The man who I saw in the office told me to come back.
c. The man that I saw in the office told me to come back.
d. The man I saw in the office told me to come back.
翻译：这就是刚才借我自行车的女孩儿。
2.The boy is my brother. He is playing basketball.
翻译：正在打篮球的那个男孩儿是我的哥哥。
The boy who/that is playing basketball is my brother. 3.Rosa is the girl. She invited me to her party. Rosa is the girl who/that invited me to her party.
我感谢帮助我的 那个女士。
1. 修饰、指代人
关系代词作主语
2、I don’t like the people. They smoke a lot . a. I don’t like the people who smoke a lot. b. I don’t like the people that smoke a lot.
1. He’s the man __________ lives upstairs. who/ that 3. I lost the magazine ____________ my mother which/ that bought me last Saturday. 4. She sold the beautiful house____________ she which/that lived in for five years. who/that/whom 5. Do you know the old woman _______________ you talked to just now?

高考语法专题：定语从句考纲新研读考查的重点是介词+关系代词which，whom引导的定语从句；非限制性定语从句也时有考查。

1.限制性定语从句句子作定语，由关系代词和关系副词引导，被修饰部分叫先行词。

(1)关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose,在句子中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。

that,指人或物：who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there?the finger (that) i put into my mouth was not the one(that) ihad dipped into the cup.which,指物：a chemical’s shop is a shop which sells medicine.(作主语)the film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.(作宾语)who, whom, whose,指人，分别做主语、宾语和定语：the man who visited our class yesterday is our new headmaster. who’s the man (whom) you just talked to?this is the room whose window faces south.介词后指人用whom,指物用which。

介词可提前，也可在后；在后时可用who, that，也可省略：this is the room in which we lived last year.= this is the room(which/that) we lived in last year.who’s the man with whom you just shook hands?= who’s the man (who/whom/that) you just shook hands with?但是固定搭配,介词不能提前：is this the book which she was looking for?(2)关系副词：when, where, why,在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。

高考英语复习6.定语从句（语法）语法讲座：定语从句一、先行词、关系代词和关系副词1．先行词(antecedent)就是被定语从句所修饰的名词。

在英语中，定语从句跟在被修饰词之后，所以被修饰词就是“先行”的词。

2．连接定语从句，要用关系代词(relative pronoun)和关系副词(relative adverb)。

关系代词和关系副词与连接词不完全相同，因为它们除了连接主句和定语从句，还在定语从句中代替一定的成分。

二、关系代词1．who先行词是“人”，在从句中代替主语。

注意：代替从句中的主语，who不能省略。

who的单复数由先行词决定。

但是要注意“one of +先行词”与“the only one of +先行词”的情况。

2．whom先行词是“人”，在从句中代替宾语。

whom在从句中经常可以省略，但如果在介词后面，则不能省。

3．which先行词是“物”，在从句中可以代替主语或宾语。

which代替主语时，不能省略，它的单复数由先行词决定。

which 代替宾语时则经常省略，但如果在介词后面，那么也不能省略。

which的先行词有时还可以是前面的整个句子，这时它总是看成单数，也不能省略。

4．that先行词可以是“人”，也可以是“物”，在从句中可以代替主语或者宾语。

that代替主语时，不能省略，代替宾语时则经常省略。

that不能用在介词之后。

在以下三种情况时，我们一般不用关系代词who, whom, 和which，而只用that：1）先行词是不定代词如anything, something, all等词，或由all, every, little, any, much, the very 等词所修饰；2）先行词前有最高级形容词或序数词所修饰；3）先行词是由and连接的两个词，分别指“人”和“物”。

5．whose先行词可以是“人”，也可以是“物”，在从句中代替定语。

whose不能省略。

如果先行词是“物”，我们也可以用sth. of which代替whose。

• 2. There was something original, independent, and heroic about the plan that pleased all of them. • 这个方案富于创造性，独出心裁，很有魄 力，所以是他们都很喜欢。
Assignment
• 1.Those who sacrifice themselves for the people’s cause are the real heroes of history. • 2. He made the sound of sympathy which comes so readily from those who have an independent income. • 3. A fuel is a material which will burn at a reasonable temperature and produce heat.
• 1.There are many people who want to see the film. • 许多人要看这部电影。 • 2.There were men in that crowd who had stood there every day for a month. • 在那群人中，有些人每天站在那里，站了 一个月之久。 • 有些可将英语的主句压缩成汉语的词组来 作主语，定语从句译成谓语，形成溶合。
• C. 汉语中从句前置，重复先行词 • 1.World War II was, however, more complex than World War I, which was a collision among the imperialist powers over the spoils of markets, resources and territories. • 第一次世界大战是帝国主义列强之间争夺 市场、资源和领土的冲突，而第二次世界 大战却比第一次复杂。