(完整版)英语助动词和情态动词及练习

动词加ing 的变化规则直接加ing cook-cooking swing-swinging eat-ea ng draw-drawing 以不发音的e 结尾，去e 加ing dance dance——dancing make-making, write —wri ng ride ride——riding have have——having skate skate——ska ng have-having take-taking hike-hiking 双写末尾的辅音字母run-ru nning swim-swi mming get-ge tting shop shop——sho pping动词+s 的变化规则 直接加-s cook→cooks, look→looks, like→likes以o. s. x. sh. ch.结尾，加-es do→does, go go→→goes watch→watches, wash→washes 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y 为i, 再加-es study→studies fly→flies 元音字母（a i e o u) +y 结尾，则直接加s: buy→buys play→plays say→says 特殊：have----has He has a small nose. 动词末尾加-ed cook-cooked ，cleaned, washed, listened, looked, played 结尾是e 加d taste-tasted, loved, used, liked 双写末尾的辅音字母 stop-stopped plan--planned 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y 为i ， 再加-ed study-studied worry---worried 词义词义 原形原形 过去式过去式 词义词义 原形原形 过去式过去式 是 am, is (be) was 走 go went 是 are (be) were 有 have, has had 买 buy bought 受伤受伤 hurt hurt 来 come came 制造制造 make made 做 do, does did 唱歌唱歌 sing sang 画 draw drew 睡觉睡觉 sleep slept 吃 eat ate 跑 run ran 感觉感觉 feel felt 说 say said 飞 fly flew 看见看见 see saw 读read read 听到听到hear heard 四、be 动词和行为动词的用法区别1.Be动词包括：is, am, are, was, were 2.实义动词：某个实际做出来的动作词语，如：swim, wash, do, go, buy, fly, sleep等等。

全新英语语法—助动词和情态动词英语中有一种特殊动词，其本身不能单独作谓语，只能和句子中的实义动词一起构成谓语动词。

这种特殊的动词就是助动词。

情态动词是一种比较特殊的助动词，本身具有特殊的含义，常常表达命令、义务、揣测等意义。

10-1 助动词助动词是用来帮助实义动词构成疑问句、否定句及各种时态和语态的词。

助动词本身没有词义，不能单独作谓语，只能和实义动词一起构成谓语，表示时态、语态、语气等。

如：He doesn’t like to play football.（构成否定句）Do you like college life?（构成疑问句）He is studying English.（表示时态）A building was built beside the school.（表示语态）Do come to the party tomorrow evening.（加强语气）英语中的助动词主要有：do，does，did，be，have，has，had，will，would，shall，should等。

1.助动词do，does，did的7种用法（1）do，does，did用来构成一般疑问句do，does用于一般现在时态，did用于一般过去时态；do用于主语为非第三人称单数形式的句子中，does只用于主语时第三人称单数的句子中。

如：Do you want to have a try?Does she have any good ideas?Did you study German?（2）do，does，did+not构成否定句do，does用于一般现在时态，did用于一般过去时态；do用于主语为非第三人称单数形式的句子中，does只用于主语是第三人称单数的额句子中。

如：I do not want to go there now.He doesn’t like playing the guitar.In the past，many students did you know the important of English.（3）do与not的缩写构成否定祈使句Do和not缩写Don't+动词原形，构成否定祈使句，表示“不要干某事”。

小学生英语助动词does、Be动词、情态动词的练习题目一、助动词does选择题1. --- _______ your father work in a hospital?- Yes, he _______.- No, he _______.A. Does, does, doesn'tB. Does, does, isn'tC. Do, do, doesn'tD. Do, do, isn't2. --- _______ your sister like ice cream?- Yes, she _______.- No, she _______.A. Does, does, doesn'tB. Does, does, isn'tC. Do, do, doesn'tD. Do, do, isn't3. --- _______ they watch TV every evening? - Yes, they _______.- No, they _______.A. Do, do, doesn'tB. Do, do, aren'tC. Does, does, doesn'tD. Does, does, isn't4. --- _______ you play football after school? - Yes, I _______.- No, I _______.A. Do, do, doesn'tB. Do, do, aren'tC. Does, does, doesn'tD. Does, does, isn't5. --- _______ Wendy have a pet dog?- Yes, she _______.- No, she _______.A. Does, does, doesn'tB. Does, does, isn'tC. Do, do, doesn'tD. Do, do, isn't二、Be动词填空题1. Tony _______ a student. He _______ in Grade 4.2. We _______ brothers. _______ names are John and Mike.3. She _______ a doctor. She _______ at a hospital.4. I _______ a teacher. I _______ English.5. They _______ my friends. _______ names are Tom and Sarah.三、情态动词选择题1. You _______ pack your bag before you go to school.A. mustB. canC. shouldD. would2. He _______ swim very well when he was young.A. canB. mayC. willD. could3. _______ I have a piece of cake?A. MayB. CanC. CouldD. Should4. You _______ eat vegetables for a healthy diet.A. mustB. canC. willD. have to5. She _______ play the piano when she was five years old.A. mustB. canC. couldD. should。

四元聚焦·英语——助动词类《对点练习+综合练习》第一节情态动词和虚拟语气（含解析）第一节情态动词和虚拟语气考点一：情态动词1.It is required by the rules that students ______ get grades not lo wer than 85 in any subject in order to get the scholarship.A. willB. mayC. shallD. would【解析】C句意：依照规定，学生假如想拿奖学金，任何单科成绩不得低于85分。

shall用于第三人称，在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示义务或规定，意为“应，必须”。

2.They are brothers, but they do not always agree with each other as they ______. Quarrels break out now and then.A. canB. shouldC. mayD. will【解析】B句意：他们是兄弟。

然而他们却并不像本来应该的那样总是赞成对方(的观点)。

争吵经常发生。

依照句意可知，此处应用should表示“应该，应当”。

3.According to the newly­made traffic regulation, whoever drive t hrough red light ______ be fined at least 200 dollars.A. shallB. mayC. wouldD. should【解析】A句意：依照最新颁布的道路治理条例，任何闯红灯者将被罚款最少200美元。

shall用于第三人称，在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示义务或规定。

4.—Hi, Lucy. Do you know where Linda is?—She ______ in the library. I met her there just a few minutes ago.A. shall beB. must beC. should have beenD. might have been【解析】B句意：——你好，露西。

be动词，情态动词，助动词do/does的用法区别及练习助动词，顾名思义就是帮助动词完成疑问及否定的，本身没有什么含义。

主要的助动词有be,do,will,have等，其用法详述如下：一、⑴由连系动词am，is，are构成的句子：变一般疑问句时把am，is，are 提到句子的前面，句尾用问号即可。

变否定句时直接在am，is，are后面加not 即可。

例如：肯定句:He is a student.一般疑问句: Is he a student?否定句: He is not a student.画线提问: 对he提问: Who is a student?对 a student 提问: What is he?(2)was 是am,is的过去式，were是are的过去式，若句子中有以上两词时，变疑问句及否定句方法与（1）相同。

二、(1) 由情态动词can, may,will ，shall等构成的句子: 变一般疑问句时把can, may,will ，shall提到句子的前面,句尾用问号即可.变否定句时直接在can,may,后面加not即可. 例如:肯定句: She can swim.一般疑问句: Can she swim?否定句: She can not swim.画线提问: 对she提问: Who can swim?对swim提问: What can she do?（2）could,might,would,should是can,may,will,shall的过去式，若句子中有以上两词时，变疑问句及否定句方法与（1）相同。

三、（1）由行为动词构成的句子: 需要加助词do或does. 变一般疑问句时把do/does放在句子前面. 变否定句时把don’t/doesn’t放在动词的前面。

要注意观察动词的形式并对号入座。

一般疑问句和否定句的动词三单式都要变回原型。

play-----do plays-----does例如:肯定句: They play football after school. He plays football after school.一般疑问句: Do they play football after school? Does he play football after school?否定句: They don't (do not) play football after school. He doesn’t’ play football after school.画线提问: 对they/he提问: Who plays football after school?对play football提问: What do they do after school? What does he do after school?对after school提问: When do they play football? When does he play football?（2）did是do和did的过去式，变一般疑问句时把did放在句子前面. 变否定句时把didn’t放在动词的前面, 要注意观察动词的形式并对号入座。

2019届高考英语总复习--助动词、情态动词和虚拟语气（共2套含答案）第七讲助动词、情态动词和虚拟语气助动词顺口溜巧记助动词Ⅰ 示之以范____________________________________________________原则这样运用 1．(2017•贵州适应性测试)What about Japanese? They dislike the lotus and ____________ not give it as a gift to Japanese because they regard it as the mourning flower. do 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。

结合语境可知，该句陈述的是一般常识，应用一般现在时，且主语为they，故该空用助动词do。

2．(2017•浙江卷)Without hesitation, I decided to follow them and we did had lots of fun that day.____________________ had→have解析：did加强语气，后跟动词原形。

3．She doesn’t her homework in the morning but in the evening.____________________ doesn’t后加do 解析：doesn’t为一般现在时的否定式后加动词原形。

4．This experience has been shown that traveling by train actually is the safest way of makingjourneys.____________________ 去掉been 解析：show和this experience为主动关系，故去掉助动词been。

5．My father has always go to work by bike since then.____________________ go→gone解析：由since then可知该句应用完成时，go的过去分词为gone。

助动词和情态动词助动词包括：be (is, am, are, was, were, been, being)；have (has, had, having)；do (does, did)；shall (should), will (would)情态动词包括：can, could, (be able to)；may, might；will ,would；dare, need, must (have to)，ought to, shall, should" be + 动词不定式"可以表示下面几种意思:1.命令或指示。

例如：No one is to enter the room without permission.The books are not to be taken out of the reading-room.2.计划或安排。

例如：A new bridge is to be built over the river soon.The expedition is to start in a week's time.3.可能。

例如：This kind of tree is to be found in that forest.4.应该。

例如：Such people are to be criticized.5.表示后来发生的事，可以用来表示一种命运。

例如：They said good-bye, little knowing that they were never to meet again.He was to regret the decision.Note:was (were) + 不定式完成式这种结构表示“本来打算…，本来要…（而结果则没做）”。

例如：He was to have attended the meeting, but he fell ill.他本来要参加会议的，但是生病了。

情态动词与助动词一、情态动词的概念和种类情态动词具有一定的词义，没有人称和数的变化，不能单独构成的谓语，和谓语动词连用表示委婉语气，可以表示愿望、态度或推测等。

英语的情态动词有下列几种：can could may might must need dare will would used shall should二、can和could（一）表示能力表示天生或学到的能力，can表示现在的能力，could表示过去的能力。

Hold still so we can finish fixing ou.Who an prove it?He could swim across the river even in his later years.(二)表示可能性（可以，可能）表示此义的can是表示理论上的可能性，如果表示的是实际上的可能性的话，则使用could或may.Science has now provided answers to almost every question man can ask.Anybody can make mistakes.He may be very busy these days.It could be better to stay here.Can you come and see me tomorrow?(三)表示许可can表示许可时，是may在非正式场合的替代词。

Mother said we could do anything we wished.You can borrow two books at a time from the library.(四)表示推测can和could表示推测，通常用于否定句或疑问句中，通常有两种句型。

1.表示对现在或将来情况的推测，其结构是：can/ can’t/ could/ couldn’t +动词原形或beShe couldn’t make mistakes on this matter.What do you think this letter can mean?That can’t be the milkman. It’s too early.2.表示对已经发生的情况进行推测，其结构为：can/can’t/could/couldn’t+have+过去分词He couldn’t have said such a thing.Where can John have put the matches? He can’t have thrown them away.(五)can (could)与be able to的区别can表示能力时（既有某种知识和技能而能办到），可与be able to互换，但在将来时和完成时中必须用be able to；表示经过努力而成功地办到了具体的事情时，只能用be able to。