高校应届本科毕业生就业挫折与应对方式研究
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X X X X 大 学
毕 业 设 计(论 文)
(20XX届)
题 目: 高校应届本科毕业生就业挫折
与应对方式研究
学 院: XXXXXX院
专 业: 应用心理学
姓 名: 禾花鱼
学 号: XXXXX
指导教师: XXX
XXXX大学教务处 制 1 摘 要
本研究将找工作的应届毕业生划分为正在经历就业挫折与不在经历就业挫折两种,并通过对两者进行比较,分析二者在焦虑与抑郁水平上是否存在差异,并将二者的应对方式进行比较,得出二者是否在应对方式上有明显的偏向。
研究结果表明:
(1)女性毕业生的焦虑与抑郁水平显著高于男性毕业生,且性别与就业挫折对应届毕业生焦虑与抑郁水平的交互效应显著。
(2)正在经历就业挫折的学生的焦虑与抑郁水平显著高于不在经历就业挫折的学生。
(3)不在经历就业挫折的学生在应对方式上更偏向于使用“解决问题”和“求助”等成熟的应付方式,而较少使用“退避”、“自责”、“幻想”等不成熟的应付方式。而挫折中的毕业生则倾向于使用“退避”、“自责”、“幻想”等应对方式应付困难和挫折,而较少使用“解决问题”这类积极的应对方式。
关键词:就业挫折 焦虑 抑郁 应对方式 应届毕业生
2 ABSTRACT
This research divided college graduates into two groups: those who are experiencing the
employment frustrations, and who are not. The study compared group one with group two to
find out if there are differences in scores of anxiety and depression, and differences in coping
styles.
The result showed that:
1. There were significant differences in scores of anxiety and depression between male
and female college graduates. The interaction of employment frustrations and
gender has significant effect on anxiety and depression.
2. There were significant differences in scores of anxiety and depression between
college graduates who are experiencing the employment frustrations and who are
not, and the average score of group one was much higher than that of group two.
3. Students who are not experiencing the employment frustrations prefer solving
problems to using the immature coping styles. And college graduates who are
experiencing the employment frustrations prefer escaping, blaming themselves or
indulging in fantasy.
Key words:employment frustrations, anxiety, depression, coping styles, college graduates
3 目录
摘 要 ....................................................... 1
1前言 ......................................................... 4
1.1就业挫折 ........................................................... 4
1.2应对方式 ........................................................... 4
1.3研究的目的与意义 ................................................... 5
2对象与方法 ......................................................................................................................... 6
2.1研究对象 ........................................................... 6
2.2研究工具 ........................................................... 6
2.2.1一般情况调查问卷 ................................................. 6
2.2.2自评焦虑量表(Self-Rating Anxiety Scale,SAS) ................... 6
2.2.3自评抑郁量表(Self-Rating Depression Scale,SAS) ................ 7
2.2.4应付方式问卷 ..................................................... 7
2.3统计方法 ........................................................... 7
2.4个人访谈 ........................................................... 7
3结果 ....................................................................................................................................... 8
3.1不同性别的应届毕业生在焦虑、抑郁水平上的差异性 ..................... 8
3.2挫折中与非挫折中的应届毕业生在焦虑、抑郁水平上的差异性 ............. 8
3.3挫折中与非挫折中的应届毕业生在应对方式上的差异性 ................... 9
3.4访谈结果 .......................................................... 10
4结果与讨论 ....................................................................................................................... 11
4.1不同性别的应届毕业生在焦虑、抑郁水平上的差异 ...................... 11
4.2挫折中与非挫折中的应届毕业生在焦虑、抑郁水平上的差异 .............. 11
4.3挫折中与非挫折中的应届毕业生在应对方式上的差异 .................... 11
5建议 ..................................................................................................................................... 12
5.1 学校可以提早安排毕业生完成毕业论文的时间 ......................... 12
5.2 展开针对毕业生的实用性就业指导与心理辅导活动 ..................... 12
5.3 高校心理健康教育应注重应对方式的培养 ............................. 12
6 结论 .................................................................................................................. 13
7 参考文献 .......................................................................................................... 14
8 附 录 .............................................................................................................. 16
调查问卷 ............................................................. 16
访谈记录 ............................................................. 20