动词时态语态( 二)

小升初语法动词的时态和语态专项练习题参考答案与试题解析一．选择题（共15小题）1．Danny usually________the park on Sundays.（）A．goes to B．is going toC．go to【分析】Danny通常在周日去公园。

【解答】考查一般现在时及动词的第三人称单数。

usualy用于一般现在时的句子中。

题干的主语是Danny，第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。

go to the park去公园。

go的第三人称单数是goes。

故选：A。

【点评】考查一般现在时及动词的第三人称单数，要结合关键时间副词判定时态，结合句子主语，认真作答。

2．Guo Yang never computer games.（）A．play B．plays C．played D．playing【分析】郭阳从来不玩电脑游戏。

【解答】考查一般现在时及动词的第三人称单数。

题干少谓语动词。

表达"从来不玩"是习惯性的动作，时态为一般现在时，句子主语是郭阳，第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。

play是动词原形；plays是动词的第三人称单数；played是动词的过去式；playing是动词的现在分词。

故选：B。

【点评】考查一般现在时及动词的第三人称单数，要结合关键词判定时态，然后根据句子主语选择，注意保持主谓一致。

3．Look，Wang Hong ___in a chair.（）A．sits B．sit C．is sitting【分析】看，王红正坐在椅子上。

【解答】考查现在进行时。

根据句中Look可知事情正在发生，Wang Hong 第三人称单数，谓语动词用is，sit的现在分词是sitting。

故选：C。

【点评】熟练掌握现在进行时的用法，灵活运用。

4．There are eleven pigs. They are _______ vegetables .（）A．eat B．eating C．is eating【分析】有十一头猪。

动词的语态和时态的区别与用法动词是语言中最重要的组成部分之一，它们描述了动作、状态或事件的发生和发展。

在语法中，动词分为不同的语态和时态，这些语态和时态有着不同的用法和含义。

本文将详细介绍动词的语态和时态的区别以及它们的正确用法。

一、动词的语态1. 主动语态主动语态是指主语是动作的执行者，它强调主体的主动性和行动能力。

在主动语态中，动词直接表示动作的发出。

举例：- The boy kicked the ball.（这个男孩踢了球。

）- She wrote a letter.（她写了一封信。

）- He paints a picture.（他正在画一幅画。

）2. 被动语态被动语态是指主语是动作的接受者或承受者，它强调动作对主体的影响或是由外界施加给主体。

在被动语态中，动词通常由 "be" 加以变化，并在后面加上动作的执行者。

举例：- The ball was kicked by the boy.（球被男孩踢了。

）- A letter was written by her.（一封信被她写了。

）- The picture is being painted by him.（这幅画正在被他画。

）被动语态多用于强调动作的接受者或者主体的无法执行动作的情况。

二、动词的时态1. 现在时现在时态用于表示目前正在进行或经常发生的动作、状态或事件。

举例：- I go to school every day.（我每天去学校。

）- She is reading a book now.（她现在在读一本书。

）- They often play football on weekends.（他们经常在周末踢足球。

）2. 过去时过去时态用于表示已经发生或已经结束的动作、状态或事件。

举例：- I went to the park yesterday.（我昨天去了公园。

）- He studied in the library for three hours.（他在图书馆学习了三个小时。

一、选择题1．Don’t turn on the TV. Grandma ________.A．sleeps B．is sleeping C．sleep D．are sleeping 2．—Mom, can you teach me how to pronounce the words?—Wait a minute. I ________.A．am cooking B．cookC．cooked D．will cook3．— Look at my new watch.—Well, it’s so cool! When and where________you buy it?A．Do B．will C．did D．Are4．It ________ heavily when I left the movie theater.A．rains B．was raining C．is raining D．will rain 5．It’s 4:00 p.m. The students _____ in the pool.A．swim B．swam C．swims D．are swimming6．—I called you at three yesterday afternoon, but you weren’t in.—I ________ a meeting at that time.A．had B．was having C．have had D．would have 7．—How much is the ticket (票) to Central Park?—One ticket $40, and you can $80 for two persons.A．costs; pay B．cost; spend C．pay; spend D．spends; pay 8．My mother when I got home yesterday.A．will cook B．cooks C．has cooked D．was cooking9．--Look! Someone the classroom.--Well,it wasn't me. I didn't do it.A．is cleaning B．was cleaning C．has cleaned D．will clean 10．If Tina _____ at home tomorrow, I _____ her.A．is staying, will visit B．stays, will visit C．will stay, visit 11．He _______ to school by bike, but now he _____ to school on foot.A．used to going, gets used to goingB．used to go, gets used to goC．used to go, gets used to going12．—Rose, can you give me a hand?—Just a minute. I ______ the followers.A．am watering B．have wateredC．watered D．water13．Look at Amy. She ________ for the school bus.A．wait B．is waiting C．waits D．waiting 14．— Have you ever been anywhere for a trip?— A trip? I ________ away from my hometown even once.A．went B．have gone C．have been D．have never been 15．The water ______ cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise.A．was felt B．is felt C．felt D．feels 16．While I_______ a detective story, someone_______ at the door．A．read, was knockingB．read, knockedC．was reading, knockedD．was reading, was knocking17．--What age did you leave home ?--I left home at 18. I ___your city for five yearsA．have gone to B．have been to C．have been in D．have come to 18．The film Operation Red Sea_____a lot of praise since its first show months ago. A．wins B．win C．will win D．has won 19．It’s 8 o’clock. The students _________ an English class.A．have B．having C．is having D．are having 20．—Did you hear the strange noise next door around 9 o’clock last night?— No, I ________my favourite film in my bedroom.A．watch B．watched C．am watching D．was watching 21．Don’t talk! The baby ________.A．sleeps B．is sleep C．sleeping D．is sleeping 22．— What do you use MP3 for?— I ________ it ________ to music.A．use; listen B．are listening; listeningC．use; to listen D．is listening; to listening23．My father was reading ________ I was sleeping.A．while B．when C．before D．after 24．Look! All my classmates ___________ on the playground.A．are running B．ran C．were running D．run25．—I can’t find Peter. Where is he?— He ______ tea in the living room.A．drinks B．drinking C．is drinking D．drink【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．B【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：别开电视，奶奶正在睡觉。

谓语动词的时态和语态动词的时态和语态英语的时态是一种动词形式.不同的时态用以表示不同的时间与方式.英语动词有16种时态，常用的有8种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时。

但高中学生需要了解13种,除了以上8种,还须掌握以下5种:将来进行时(一般将来进行时、过去将来进行时)、一般将来完成时、完成进行时(现在完成进行时、过去完成进行时)。

下面分别介绍。

16种时态形式(以do为例)：现在过去将来过去将来一般现在一般时do过去一般时did将来一般时will do过去将来一般时would do完成目前完成时have done过去完成时had done将来完成时will have done 举行目前举行时is doing曩昔举行时was doing将来举行时will be doing完成举行现在完成进行时have been doing曩昔完成举行时had been doing将来完成进行时will have been doing过去将来完成进行时wouldhave been doing过去将来完成时过去将来进行时would have donewould be doing【注】构成时态的助动词be (is, am, are), have (has), shall, will等需根据主语的变化来选.一.一般现在时1).表示经常性或习惯性的动作或状态.常与表示频度的时间状语连用.如:often,usually,always, sometimes, now, seldom, now and then, every day, occasionally等.I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning.We have meals three times a day.He is always ready to help others.2).表示客观事实、普遍真理、谚语、格言、警句。

动词的时态和语态常考点归纳Ⅰ时态类型：1.一般过去时2.一般将来时3.现在进行时4.现在完成时5.一般过去时6.过去将来时7.过去进行时8.过去完成时9.将来完成时10.现在完成进行时(一) 一般现在时1.表示经常，习惯，客观存在，真理等概念的句子。

时间状语常为：always,often,usually,sometimes,seldom,occasionally,now and then,every time等。

Exercises:1.When I see Jane in the street, she always ___ at me.A smiledB has smiledC was smilingD smiles2.Who___ to school earliest in your class every morning?A comeB comesC is comingD are coming3.Sound travels in the same way as light ____.A doesB doC travelD travelled4.Wherever I ____ these days,I always carry my umbrella.A am goingB shall goC goD should go(1---4DBAC)2.条件句，时间状语从句和其他一些状语从句中用一般现在时，主句用will将来时。

常见连词：if, unless,before, as soon as,when, once, however等。

Exerceses:1.Unless he____ to help us, we shall lose the game.A promisesB will promiseC would promiseD had promised2.Would you please give him this message the moment he ___ .A arrivesB arrivedC will arriveD will be arriving3.However hard you ____, you will never succeed in pleasing her.A should tryB will tryC would tryD try4.I’ m sure he ’llcome to see me before he ___ Bei jing.A leaveB leftC will leaveD leaves5.We will not come to see me until we ___ a chance to discuss the problem thoroughly.A are havingB hadC haveD will have6.I don’t know when he ____, but when he ___, I’ll speak to him.A will come; comesB comes;comesC comes;will comeD will come; will come7.It won’t be long before such a thing ___ again.A will happenB happensC is happenedD happened8.You ’d better set about doing your homework now, or it ___too late.A isB wasC has beenD will be(1---8AADDCABD)3.表达时间表时。

动词的时态和语态专题练习The document was prepared on January 2, 2021高中英语语法时态和语态一．动词的时态时态是谓语动词所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式.英语动词有16种时态,但是常见的只有九种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时.(一）一般现在时do / does1．具体用法1 表示经常性或习惯性动作We always care for each other and help each other. 我们总是互相关心互相帮助.He goes to school every day.2)表示现在的特征或状态He is very happy.Do you sing ----A little.3)表示普遍真理Light travels faster than sound. 光速比声速快.Actions speak louder than words. 行动胜过言语.常与一般现在时态连用的词或短语主要有：often, usually, sometimes, every day, every morning/afternoon, on Sundays/weekends等等.I often go to the cinema on Sundays. 我经常星期天去看电影.He goes to work early every day. 他每天上班很早.二一般过去时 did1表示过去某一特定时间所发生的、可完成的动作或状态,常与表示确切过去时间的词、短语或从句连用.例如：We went to the pictures last night and saw a very interesting film.2表示过去习惯性动作.例如：He always went to class last.I used to do my homework in the library.三一般将来时 will / shall do1表示将来打算进行或期待发生的动作或状态.例如：I shall graduate next year.2一般将来时有时可以表示一种倾向或习惯性动作.如Crops will die without water.You won’t succeed without their support.3 几种替代形式：be going to +v在中广泛使用,表示准备做或将发生的事情.例如：I'm going to buy a house when we've saved enough money.be to +v表示计划安排要做的事,具有"必要"的强制性意义.例如：I am to play tennis this afternoon.be about to +v表示即将发生的事情.例如：He was about to start.be due to +v表示预先确定了的事, 必定发生的事.例如：The train is due to depart in ten minutes.5少数动词如：begin, come, leave, go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close等的一般现在时可用来表示将来的动作.多用来表示按计划事先安排好即将发生的动作,句中通常还有一个表示将来的时间状语.例如：The meeting begins at seven.The train starts at nine in the morning.四现在进行时 is / are doing1）表示现在某时或某段时间内正在进行的动作.常与现在进行时连用的词组是now, right now,at the mother,for the time being,for the present, 或某个具体的时间几点钟.He is writing a letter now.She is visiting Beijing this week.2）有时用来代替一般现在时态,表示一个经常性动作或状态,这时是为了表示一种感情如赞叹,厌烦,满意,不满等He is always thinking of his work. 表示赞许The boy is always talking in class. 表示不满3 有时用来表示一个在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作这时多有一个表示未来的时间的状语We are leaving on Friday. 我们星期五动身.How many of you are coming to the party五现在完成时have / has done1现在完成时用来表示对目前状况仍有影响的,刚刚完成的动作常与yet,already,just连用,或者过去某一时刻发生的,持续到现在的情况常与for,since连用.例如：I have just finished my homework.Mary has been ill for three days.2常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有：since, for, during, over等引导出的短语；副词already, yet, just, ever, now, before, often, lately, recently等；状语词组this week morning, month, year, so far, up to now, many times, up to the present等.例如：So far, she hasn't enjoyed the summer vacation.There have been a lot of changes since 1978.3完成时态可用在下列结构中：This That, It is was the first second... time +定语从句；This That, It is was the only last + n +定语从句；This That, It is was +形容词最高级+ n +定语从句.如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时,从句的谓语动词通常用现在完成时；如果主句谓语动词是一般过去时,从句谓语动词通常用过去完成时.例如：1This is one of the rarest questions that have ever been raised at such a meeting.2There was a knock at the door. It was the second time someone had interrupted me that evening.六过去进行时 was / were doing过去进行时表示一个过去的动作发生时或发生后,另一个过去的动作正在进行,或表示过去反复的习惯,常与always,continually,constantly等动词连用.例如：1We were discussing the matter when the headmaster entered.2Whenever I visited him, he was always writing at the desk.七过去完成时 had done1表示过去某时间前已经发生的动作或情况,这个过去的时间可以用by,before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示；或者表示一个动作在另一个过去动作之前已经完成.例如：1We had just had our breakfast when Tom came in.2By the end of last year they had turned out 5, 000 bicycles.2动词expect, hope, mean, intend, plan, suppose, wish, want, desire等用过去完成时,表示过去的希望、预期、意图或愿望等没有实现.例如：I had meant to take a good holiday this year, but I wasn't able to get away.另外两种表示"过去想做而未做的事"的表达方式是：1was / were + to have done sth, 例如：We were to have come yesterday, but we couldn't.2intended expected, hope, meant, planned, supposed, wished, wanted, desired + to have done sth, 如：I meant to have told you about it, but I forgot to do so.3过去完成时常用于以下固定句型：1hardly, scarcely, barely + 过去完成时+ when + 过去时.例如：Hardly had I got on the bus when it started to move.2no sooner +过去完成时+ than +过去时.例如：No sooner had I gone out than he came to see me.3by the end of +过去时间,主句中谓语动词用过去完成时.例如：The experiment had been finished by 4 o'clock yesterday afternoon.八一般过去将来时1. 一般过去将来时的形式Should / would+ 动词原形was / were + 动词-ing形式2. 一般过去将来时常用于宾语从句中,其主语的谓语动词为过去时态,可表示从过去某时看来将要发生的事情,如：He said that he would speak at the meeting.He was sixty-eight. In two years he would be seventy.九现在完成进行时 has / have been doing现在完成进行时表示过去某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态一直延续到过去某一时刻.例如：I have been looking for my lost book for three days, but I still haven't found it.运用动词时态要注意的几个问题一在时间和条件等状语从句中不要用将来时态,如We’ll give him the book if he wants it.He decided to fight back if he was hit again.I’ll call you as soon as I’ve finished my work.二时态的一致时态的呼应,如We saw that the smoke was coming from a window.I didn’t know if she would come.He admitted that he had been on the march.不进行时态调整的情况：1从句说的是一种普遍真理,如：Long ago, people didn’t know the earth moves round the sun.2当从句的谓语改成过去时可能造成误会,如Did he say that the train leaves at 5:30三瞬间动词在完成时态中的使用,如：误：I have received her letter for three months.正：I received her letter three months ago.正：It is three months since I received her letter.四注意某些要求一定时态的句型was/ were doing sth. when …did sth.I was reading a book when the bell rangwas/were about to do sth. when … did sth.We were about to leave when the telephone rang.She was about to go out when it started to rain表示做事做了第几次或共几次,要用完成时态,如：It’s the first time I’ve seen her.We have been there three times.It is / has been… since…It is has been two weeks since I came here.She said it was five hours since she had finished her work.hardly…when…We had hardly got in the crops when it began to rain.Hardly had we got in the crops when it began to rain.no sooner…than…I had no sooner come into the room than the door was closed.No sooner had I come into the room than the door was closed.二．动词的语态语态也是动词的一种形式,英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,而被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者.1We use electricity to run machines. 主动语态2Electricity is used to run machines. 被动语态1．不能用于被动语态的动词和短语1在英语中,不及物动词不能用于被动语态,但有些不及物动词包括短语容易引起误用.如：appear, belong, belong, die, escape, fall, happen, last, remain, succeed, occur, come true, take place, consist of.2某些表示状态或特征的及物动词,如：become, contain, cost, fit, have, resemble, suit也没有被动语态.2．被动语态的时态形式常用的被动语态有下表所列的几种时态形式.时间一般时进行时完成时现在 am asked am being askedis asked is being askedare asked are being asked过去 was be asked was being askedwere be asked were being asked将来 shall be asked shall have been asked will be asked will have been asked过去 should be asked should have been asked将来 would be asked would have been asked 3．短语动词的被动语态短语动词转换为被动语态时,通常被看作是一个动词,后面的介词或副词不能拆开或省略.例如：1So far no correct conclusion has arrived at.2All the rubbish should be got rid of.4．"get + -ed分词"的被动语态"get + -ed分词"结构强调动作的结果,而非动作本身,常用来表示突发性的,出乎意料的偶然事件.例如：The boy got hurt on his way home from work.另外,"get + -ed分词"还可用于谈论为自己做的事,是主动的行为而不是被动的行为.例如：get dressed穿衣服 get divorced离婚get engaged订婚get confused迷惑不解get lost迷路get washed洗脸get married结婚5．被动语态与系表结构的区别1The novel was well written.系表结构2The novel was written by Diskens.被动语态6．不能用于被动语态的及物动词,如：have, fit, hold, lack, cost…I have a computer.The hall can hold 200 people.7. 主动性式表被动意义①当feel、look、smell、taste、sound等后面接形容词时；当cut、read、sell、wear、write等词带状语修饰语时；当动词表示“开始、结束、关、停、转、启动”等意义时.This kind of cloth washes easily.这种布易洗.These novels won’t sell well.这些小说不畅销.My pen writes smoothly.我的钢笔写起来很流畅.The door won’t lock.门锁不上.The fish smells good.鱼闻起来香.②当break out、take place、shut off、turn off、work out等动词表示“发生、关闭、制定”等意思时.The plan worked out successfully.The lamps on the wall turn off.③want, require, need后面的动名词用主动表示被动含义.④be worth doing用主动形式表示被动含义.⑤在“be + 形容词+ to do”中,不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语,用主动代被动.This kind of water isn’t fit to drink.The girl isn’t easy to get along with.另外：be to blame受谴责,be to rent出租也用主动形式表被动.Choose the right answer1. They _____ friends since they met in Shanghai.A. have madeB. have becomeC. have beenD. have had2. The secretary is going to report to the manager as soon as he ______.A. will arriveB. arrivesC. is going to arriveD. is arriving3. We all know that ice ______.A. feel coldB. is felt soldC. is feeling coldD. feels cold4. ---This cloth _____ well and _____ long.--- OK. I’ll take it.A. washes ; lastsB. is washed; lastedC. washes, is lastedD. is washing, lasting5. Helen _____ her key in the office so she had to wait until her husband_____ home.A. has left; comesB. left; had comeC. had left; cameD. had left; would come6. It _____ every day so far this week.A. is rainingB. rainedC. rainsD. has been raining7. --- Are you going to the movies tonight--- Yes, I ______ my work by that time.A. will finishB. finishC. am going to finishD. will have finished8. --- Was the driving pleasant when you vacationed in Mexico last summer--- No, it _____ for four days when we arrived, so the roads were very muddy.A. was rainingB. would be rainingC. had been rainingD. has rained9. You won’t know if the coat fits you until you _____ it on.A. will tryB. are tryingC. triedD. have tried10. My dictionary _______, I have looked for it everywhere but still _______.A. has lost; don’t findB. is missing; don’t findC. has lost; haven’t foundD. is missing; haven’t found11. --- How long ______ each other before they _____ married--- For about a year.A. have they known; getB. did they know; were going to getC. do they know; are going to getD. had they known; got12. --- Come in, Peter, I want to show you something.--- Oh, how nice of you. I _____ you _____ to bring me a gift.A. never think; are goingB. never thought; were goingC. didn’t think; are goingD. hadn’t thought; were going13. When Jack arrived he learned Mary _______ for almost an hour.A. had goneB. had set offC. had leftD. had been away14 --- I’m sorry to keep you waiting.--- Oh, not at all. I ______ here only a few minutes.A. have beenB. had beenC. wasD. will15. The police found that the house _______ and s lot of things ______.A. has broken into; has been stolenB. had broken into; had beenstolenC. has been broken into; stolenD. had been broken into; stolen16. --- Have you moved into the house--- Not yet. The rooms ________.A. are being paintedB. are paintingC. are paintedD. are beingpainting17. If the city noises _______ from increasing, people ______ shout to be heard at the dinner table 20 years from now.A. are not kept ; will have toB. are not kept; have toC. do not keep; will have toD. do not keep, have to18. --- ________ the sports meet might be put off.--- Yes, it all depends on the weather.A. I’ve been toldB. I’ve toldC. I’m toldD. I was told19. I don’t think Jim saw me; he ______ into space.A. just stared 凝视B. was just staringC. has just staredD. had just stared20. --- _______ my glasses--- Yes, I _______ them on your bed a minute ago.A. Do you see; sawB. Had you seen; have seenC. Have you seen; sawD. Would you see; saw21. --- We could have walked to the station; it was so near.--- Yes. A taxi _______ at all necessary.A. wasn’tB. hadn’t beenC. wouldn’t beD. won’t be22. --- Who is Jerry Cooper--- ______ I saw you shake hands with him at the meeting.A. Don’t you meet him yetB. Hadn’t you met him yetC. Didn’t you meet him yetD. Haven’t you met him yet23. --- Nancy is not coming tonight.--- But she _______A. promisesB. promisedC. will promiseD. had promised24. _______ it with me and I’ll see what I can do.A. When leftB. LeavingC. If you leaveD. Leave25. It is clear that his poor education _______ him back.A. has been heldB. is holdingC. will be heldD. had held26. --- How are you planning to travel to Shanghai--- I ____ yet, but I ______ taking a train.A. haven’t decided; am consideringB. haven’t decided, considerC. didn’t decided; am consideringD. hadn’t decided; haveconsidered27. The pen I _______ I _______ is on my desk, right under my nose.A. think, loseB. thought , had lostC. think , had lostD. thought, have lost28. --- Have you heard about the new school--- No, when and where to build the new one _______ yet.A. is not decidedB. are not decidedC. hasn’t decidedD. haven’t decided29. --- Sorry, I’m late.--- That’s OK. I _____ long.A. haven’t waitedB. don’t waitC. haven’t been waitingD.didn’t wait30. --- Nancy sat in the front seat on the left side of the classroom.--- Oh I thought she ______ in the back.A. will sitB. had satC. is sittingD. has sat31. I ______ my face when suddenly someone ______ at the door.A. washed, knockedB. washed, was knockingC. was washing, was knockingD. was washing, knocked32. I ______ at the station half an hour ago, but the train _____ yet.A. arrived, hadn’t comeB. was arriving, hadn’t comeC. arrive d, hasn’t comeD. had arrived, didn’t come33. --- Why did you come by taxi--- My car broke down last week and I still _______ it repaired.A. haven’t hadB. didn’t haveC. don’t haveD. won’t have34. I’m surprised to find you here looking well and playing tennis, Jim. Annsaid that you _____ sick.A. areB. wereC. would beD. had been35. The price _________, but I doubt whether it will remain so.A. went downB. will go downC. has gone doneD. was going down36. --- Did you go to Qingdao for vacation last August--- I _______ to go, but I got sick at the last minute.A. was planningB. had been planningC. plannedD. have planned37. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in my life _____ so happy.A. did I feelB. I feltC. I had feltD. had I felt38. --- How are you today--- Oh, I ________ as ill as I do now for a very long time.A. didn’t feelB.wasn’t feelingC. don’t feelD. haven’t felt39. The reporter said the UFO ______ east to west when he saw it.A. was travellingB. travelledC. had been travellingD. was totravel40. --- I think that you need ______ practice on playing the violin.--- ______ violin lessons every two weeks, but I think I’ll make it every week from now on.A. less; I haveB. less; I’ve takingC. more; I haveD. more; I’ve been having41. I remember ______ for the job, but I forget the exact number.A. to be paidB. being paidC. get paidD. that I receive pay42. By this time you come, I ______ the task ______ to me last month.A. have finished, givenB. will have finished, to be givenC. will have finished, givenD. have finished, to be given43. There was a knock at the door. It was the second time that someone ______ me that evening.A. to have interruptedB. would have interruptedC. had interruptedD. to interrupt44. ---- It is a long time ______ I saw you last.---- Yes. And it will be a long time ______ we see each other again.A. before, sinceB. since, beforeC. then, thenD. when, when45. We ______ that you would be able to visit us, but you did not.A. hopeB. hopedC. had hopedD. are hoping46. Mary felt both unprepared and nervous about the interview which she______ the next day.A. was bout to faceB. is going to faceC. will faceD. was to face47. In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they ______.A. have survivedB. are to surviveC. would surviveD. will survive48. ---- Are you member of the club---- ______. It’s ten years since I ______ a member of the club., was B. No, became C. Yes, had been D. No, was49. She ______ law the moment she has finished high school.A. is going to studyB. is to studyC. is about to studyD. will be studying50. The bikes produced in that factory are of high quality. So they ______ well both at home and abroad.A. sellB. are soldC. may be soldD. are to be sold。

高考英语时态和语态详解动词的时态和语态一、时态1、一般现在时（do/does; is/am/are）①表示现在的情况、状态或特征。

例：He is a student.他是一个学生。

②表示经常性、习惯性动作。

例：He always helps others.他总是帮助别人。

③客观事实和普遍真理。

例：The earth moves the sun.地球绕着太阳转。

④表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。

仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词，可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用。

常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。

例：The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon.下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。

⑤在时间、条件和让步状语从句中经常用一般现在（有时也用现在完成时）表示将的来事情。

（即：主将从现原则）例：I will call you as soon as I arrive at the airport.我一到机场就会给你打电话。

When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.等你完成这份报告的时候，我就已经等了将近3个小时了。

2、现在进行时(am/is/are doing)①表示此时此刻正在发生的事情。

例：He is listning to the music now.他现在正在听音乐。

②表示目前一段时间内一直在做的事情，但不一定此时此刻正在做。

例：I am studying computer this term.这个学期我一直在学习计算机。

③现在进行时可以表示将来的含义。

瞬时动词的进行一定表将来。

例：I am leaving.我要离开了。

持续动词的进行只有有将来的时间状语或有将来语境中才表将来。

例：I am travelling next month.下个月我要去旅行。

专题02 动词的时态、语态、情态动词、虚拟语气一、2022年高考真题1.（2022年全国甲卷语法填空）In the last five years. Cao ___67___ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___68___ (high) mountain.67.【答案】has walked【解析】考查动词时态。

句意：在过去的五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。

根据时间状语in the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao 为第三人称单数，助动词用has。

故填has walked。

68.【答案】highest【解析】考查形容词最高级。

句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。

根据空前Africa’s可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉，应用形容词最高级。

故填highest。

2.（2022年全国甲卷短文改错）He showed me how his medical instruments was used. However, after I went to high school, somehow I become distant from him. I was unwilling talk with him and often disobeyed his rule of not stay out with my friends too late.【详解】2.【答案】was→were【解析】考查主谓一致。

句意：他向我展示他的医疗器械是如何使用的。

主语instruments为复数形式，全文为一般过去时，be动词用复数形式were。

高中英语动词的时态语态详解在英语中，句子不仅有时间状语说明动作发生的时间，其谓语动词本身也有形式的变化来指示时间，这种表明谓语动词发生时间的动词形式称为时态。

语态是表现主语和谓语关系的另一种动词形式。

一动词的时态一般说来，发生在现在的事情用现在的时态进行描述；发生在过去的事情用过去的时态进行描述；将要发生的事情用将来的时态进行描述。

英语中的时态共计16种，但常用的有11种。

(以动词do 为例)1．一般现在时（do/does)；2．一般过去时(did)；3．一般将来时( will do/ shall do）；4．一般过去将来时( would do/should do)；5．现在进行时( am/is/are doing)；6．过去进行时(was/were doing)；7．将来进行时( will/shall be doing)；8．现在完成时(have/has done)；9．过去完成时( had done)；10．将来完成时( will/shall have done)；11．现在完成进行时( have/has been doing)；1.一般现在时（1）一般现在时是描述现在或经常性的性质、动作或状态的时态常用时间状语：sometimes, often, always, usually, seldom，every day / night / week / month / year, in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at night（2）表示经常发生的动作,习惯性的动作或存在的状态I usually get up at four every morning when it’s still dark.He always goes to work late,which makes his boss angry and disappointed.（3）客观真理，客观存在，科学事实及自然现象The sun rises in the east and sets in the west every day.The man who has never been to the Great Wall is not a real man.Trees turn green in spring. Liquid turns into gas when it is hot enough.（4）表示格言或警句中Pride goes before a fall.Knowledge is power．Practice makes perfect.（5）一般现在时表将来表示已经计划、安排好了或时间表上所安排，并且一定要做的事情。