华中科技大学研究生实用英语期末考试说明和口语考试指导(最新版2016)

华中科技大学英语口语试题（带答案的）（1）1.What do you think university students can do to manage their time the best?你认为大学的学生如何可以管理自己的时间把自己做到最好?I think we should do more planning to make full use of their time together.For example, learning, living, entertainment, sports and more. Every day own a little planning, give yourself time to arrange some rest and relaxation, not only can we maintain the passion to learn, but also make our body will not be too tired.2.Beijing Olympic Games the Chinese people the greatest achievement?Why?举办北京奥运会中，中国人最大的成就是什么？为什么？Different social roles has its own expectations, are made from their own social roles in which the requirements of the Olympic Games or claim,expect to achieve their goals. Therefore, certain social roles is the biggest harvest of results, not necessarily the largest role in some social gains.People always maximize their own interests to identify, evaluate the results of events, "the greatest harvest" is difficult to form a unified understanding.But in my heart the people of Beijing Olympic Games has left the world a dynamic, reform and opening up, ethnic harmony and peacefuldevelopment of the national image, leaving a healthy and promising,hospitality, civility, politeness, dedicated national image andwin the world people today agree that China's development, and this is one of thegreatest achievements of the Chinese3. Please list the pros and cons of marriage with foreigners和外国人结婚的优缺点。

话题一What is your definition of success?What have you achieved in your life that makes you feel proud?In my submission, success is not to earn a great of money, nor is it to so some so great things. Not to be famous, not to be great, ordinary people also have their own way of success. I think, to make my families, and all the people I love have a happy life, is my own way to be success. Yes, the ancient people said, a man should take the world as his duty. But for me, the most important is to make these people I love happy!As I said, I want to make my love live a happy life. So it' always on the way to success! i want to make myself better and be able to make them feel happy. I remembered once a weekend, my parents are busy working so nobody have time to make a lunch, I tried to make it, but Ididn't learn how to cook before! My little brother and I made an awful lunch after an attempt. I still remember how unsavory it was but the happiness on my parents ' tace is visible. At that moment, the feeling of pride arises spontaneously. I feel I am the most success person in our world. So after that, I tried to learn some cooking skills and I can make some delicious food now.话题二Please describe what is the happiest/mostembarrassing/funniest/scariest thing that has everhappened to you.For me, there is a really scariest thing happened in my life. That was when I had just been in high school for no more than one month! After the military training, we have a long holiday at last. My brother and I went back home together. We are so tired because the intension of the training is so strong! We planned to have a good sleep once we came home. After an hour 's drive and thirty minutes' walk, we finally arrived at our destination. And we found that our parents going out. But, when I was opening the door, he suddenly falls in a faint. I am so scared that I almost fainted too. After realizing what happened, I responded quickly. I dialed a first aid phone and then, call my parents what happened. I put my brother on the sofa to prevent him from catching a cold. And I called his name and asked some questions to see if he was even sober. Just a while, the ambulance arrived. And my parents got back after it. My brother was send to hospital and my heart is still beating fast. I think it 'probably the most scaring thing I have ever experienced.话题三What d o you like about your d ormitory life? What do youdislike? What d o you think can be d one to make your d ormitory a more harmonious community?It has been half a year since we came to our college. And we have already been living in the dorm for several months. I think I like to living in the dorm because I can live with my classmatesand friends. We can study together and play together. But I really don't like the shabby facilities in my dorm. As you know, our dormitory always cut off the water supply, always have a power cut and cut off the internet. And there is no tile in the dorm, it' all cement floors. I can't stand it! We all need to upper bed, I really dislike it! I want to sleep like in my home! And living in the dorm means our parents are not at our side. That' really inconvenient.I think that we all should respect other' habit, seek common ground while reserving differences. We should all endeavor to be more considerate of others. Just like, don't speak loud in the dorm especially when they are having a sleep. And remember; do not unto others as you would not have them do unto you. Doing these means that there would be few conflicts between you and your roommates. If everyone can help each other, respect each one, you dormitory must be a harmonious one!话题四In your eyes, what is the greatest invention of the21st century? Why?There are so many great inventions in this 21st century. The smart phone, artificial intelligence, the virtual reality technology and the augment reality! There is so many inventions in our century. But in my submission, the greatest invention of the 21st century is the nanotechnology. There are so many reasons for why I choose this one to be the greatest.First, the nanotechnology marks the further exploration of the microcosm by human beings. We all know, compared with the micro world; the exploration of the macro world is relatively easy. But the micro world is more representative of the nature of the world.Second,the application of nanotechnology is very extensive. Nanotechnology can be used in various fields, such as medicine, industry, agriculture and so on. In the future, there will be drugs based on nanotechnology to cure people's disease fundamentally. And there will be all kinds of nanobots involved in industrial and agricultural production. It will totally change ourlife!话题五What is your dream job? If you were offered a jobthat was not what you dreamed of but with a decentsalary, would you take it? Why or why not?When I was a little boy, I had so many dream jobs. But now, I am sure what I really want to be. My dream job is to be a chef! Yes, just a chef! No great, no extraordinary. I want to be a chef just because; I want to cook for my families. I always dream about one day, I can make very delicious food for my families and their happiness was on the face. I m sure that at that moment, the feeling of that pride arises spontaneously!But if there is a high salary job, I think I would take it. To be honest, living in our society, every one of us has to have a material well-being life. Just for survive! So I would take the high-salary job in order to make our material life easier. And not to be thechef doesn me a ns I can'cook. I can also learn how to cook delicious food by my studying! At that time, I can also cook for them, and struggle for their happy life!话题六In response to the climate change issue, what d o you think we common peopl e can do to help find out solutions?Yes, it' sure that our daily life has a close relation to the climate change. With the intensification of the greenhouse effect, global warming has seriously affected our daily life. The abrupt change of climate, species extinction, and many natural calamities, all of them is closely related to the greenhouse effect. So it is urgent to improve the greenhouse effect. As an ordinary people, we can do many things!We can start from the small things in life. We should turn the light off once there was no people use it; we ought to turn off the lap after using it. We can ride or work more and drive less, and go to the far place by bus rather than drive our own car. We are supposed to make the garbage classification and make efforts to cyclic utilization. We can do many things in our life to reduce carbon emissions.And we should do more publicity. We should call on our friends and relatives to contribute to reducing the greenhouse effect. Everyone takes part in, the environment will be better soon!话题七What changes do you think have taken place among thedifferent generations in China over the past few d ecad es? What are the reasons for those changes?I think the change is mainly in the ideas. Our generation has totally different ideas from the elder one. For example, our generation always want to be what we want, not limited to others, we always put ourselves in the important position. We will get the job we want, not others. But for the elder generation people, they always take the family in the first position. They work, only to earn for their family, whether you like it or not is the secondary one. And our generation people always look like the international people, while the elder people more like the traditional Chinese people!In my submission,these changes are all based on the rapid development of Chinese society. After the Chinese economic reform, China's economy has grown rapidly. The quality of people's life is increasing. The problem of food and clothing has almost been solved so our generation people care less about the family' finance. And with the integration of China and the international community, our new generation people have a more open vision. So these changes have come into being.话题八What d o you think of the id ol-worshiping behaviorof youngsters around the world? What benefits andnegative influences d o you think this social phenomenonmay bring about?Frankly speaking, I really don 'like this kind of behavior! In my submission, the harm of this kind of behavior is far greater than that of profit. I think as a teenager, the most important work is to study. But the idol-worshiping behavior has bad influence on our study and our health. It 'said that some girls paid her own life for her reasonless action. And this behavior will bring a great burden for the family. Some girls spend a lot of money for their idol, not only abandon her study, but also take some difficulties for their family. But on the other hand, this kind of action has some benefits. In a certain sense, it can promote the economic growth, and it is a way to have a rest.But as a teenager, we should always remember that study is our first duty. We should take study in the most important position. And we should take care of ourselves, don'do anything that is harmful to us. In this way, can we live a happy life!话题九 It is said that peopl e must always be prepared for changes. What is the most difficult change that you have ever had to make? Is there anything that you think you will never change aboutyourself?As we all know, the affairs of the world are inconstant. So we should always prepare for any change! The most difficult change happened in my life was in the high school. Before the high school, I don't take notes in the class; don 'have a preparation or a review after class. And I think I can also get a good grade with fewer efforts. But after the first exam, I am the worst in myclass. I think it is just a bad fortune. But the final exam of the first term, my grade is still slipped. My parents have a talk with me and they told me that I should take more efforts in my study, not just playing computer games. But I really like playing games! I have been thinking for a longtime, so I decided to study harder and play less game. Thanks to my efforts, I got the better and better grade.I think a person 'appearance can be changed, but his heart can t ! So, I believe in my life, I will experiences. A grateful heart makes a happy life. Many teachers teach us these words, but I really understand after I have experienced many things. When I was young, I have a close relationship with one of my classmates. Every time he bought some snacks, he would share some with me. But one day, he didn't! He shared it with the other student. I am really sad with angry! And even I want to break off our friendship! When I get home, I told to my mom. She just smiled to me, I couldn'tunderstand why. She said: You just take it for granted that he should share his snacks with you. But, s not his duty! He has the right to decide who he would share with. If he chose you, you are very happy. But if not, you should not be angry. To maintain a grateful heart, you will have abetter life! After thinking about it, I understand what the meaning is. People always take others kind for granted, but that 's not the case. We should maintain a grateful heart; look at the world with gratitude, the life will be better and better!always try to be a kind person, achanged forever. wise man. A grateful heart and kind mind would not be话题十 To maintaina grateful heart contributes to happiness. Give yourcomments on this statement and illustrate your idea withexamples from your personal。

华中科技大学大学英语教学模式为了贯彻教育部《大学英语课程教学要求》，充分调动学生英语学习的主动性和潜在能力，进一步提高教学质量，在总结大学英语教学改革经验的基础上，我校2006级本科生大学英语将继续实施学分制分层次教学模式。

现将该模式的主要内容和要求描述、说明如下：教学模式描述说明1.三个层次的划分：本科新生(同济医学院本科生除外)在入学的第一周参加大学英语分级考试；见“华中科技大学大学英语分级考试大纲”。

本大纲可从华中科技大学外国语学院主页下载，网址为：/)。

根据分级考试成绩，大学外语系具体确定各层次学生名单。

2.教学目标：(1)层次一：学生通过两学年的基础英语学习，要求英语水平达到教育部《大学英语课程教学要求》规定的一般要求：(2)层次二：学生通过两学年的基础英语和中级英语学习，要求英语水平达到教育部《大学英语课程教学要求》规定的较高要求；(3)层次三：学生通过两学年的英语学习(其中第一、第二学期为基础英语，第三、四学期为高级英语，并课外自学基础英语教材)，要求英语水平达到教育部《大学英语课程教学要求》规定的更高要求。

3.课程设置:(1)基础英语：指传统的兼顾听、说、读、写、译等技能的通用大学英语课程。

基础英语课按学时数分为A(56学时)、B(32学时)和C(课外自学)三类：(2)中高级英语：指在基础阶段大学英语课中传授、培养专门语言知识或技能的课程，如：中、高级听说、英美影视、媒体视听、英美文化、西方企业文化、英美文学选读、时文赏析、进阶写作、应用文写作、科技翻译、商务英语等。

中级英语为层次二的学生开设：高级英语为层次三的学生开设。

4.考试科目、成绩报告，层次异动：第一、二学期三个层次的学生均每周学习四学时基础英语课程(层次二和层次三将适当补充教学内容)，期末参加基础英语考试，报告分数为基础英语成绩。

及格者，记3.5学分．层次一和层次二的学生，成绩特别优秀者下学期可以进入高层次学习；成绩不及格者须重修。

2016年华中科技大学全日制攻读教育硕士专业学位入学考试大纲(下)考试科目：333教育综合【重要说明：我校教育硕士专业学位招收教育管理、学科教学（英语教育）和现代教育技术（科普教育）三个方向的硕士研究生，三个方向的入学考试科目都必考“教育综合”，但三个方向的考试内容和考题不一样，报考教育管理和学科教学（英语教育）两个方向的考生根据本考试大纲第一部分进行复习和备考，报考现代教育技术（科普教育）方向的考生根据本考试大纲第二部分进行复习和备考。

三个方向的试卷将使用同一份试卷，但试卷会给报考不同方向的考生提供不同的试题，考生可根据自己报考的方向选择答题】“五育并举”的教育方针；改革北京大学的教育实践；教育独立思想。

3、新文化运动影响下的教育思潮和教育运动新文化运动抨击传统教育促进教育观念变革；平民教育运动；工读主义教育运动；职业教育思潮；勤工俭学运动；科学教育思潮；国家主义教育思潮。

4、学校教学方法的改革与实验现代西方教学理论在中国的传播；设计教学法；“道尔顿制”；“文纳特卡制”。

5、1922年“新学制”“新学制”的产生过程；“新学制”的标准和体系；“新学制”的特点；“新学制”的课程标准；“新学制”评价。

6．收回教育权运动教会教育的扩张与变革；收回教育权运动。

十、南京国民政府的教育建设1、教育宗旨与教育方针的变迁党化教育；“三民主义”教育宗旨；“战时须作平时看”的教育方针。

2、教育制度改革大学院和大学区制的试行；“戊辰学制”的颁行。

3、学校教育的管理措施训育制度；中小学校的童子军训练；高中以上学生的军训；颁布课程标准，实行教科书审查制度；实行毕业会考。

4、学校教育的发展幼儿教育；初等教育；中等教育；高等教育；抗日战争时期的学校西迁。

十一、中国共产党领导下的教育1、新民主主义教育的发端工农教育；湖南自修大学；上海大学；农民运动讲习所；李大钊的教育思想；恽代英的教育思想。

2、新民主主义教育方针的形成苏维埃文化教育总方针；抗日战争时期中国共产党的教育方针政策；“民族的、科学的、大众的”文化教育方针。

话题一What is your definition of success? What have you achieved in your life that makes you feel proud?In my submission, success is not to earn a great of money, nor is it to so some so great things. Not to be famous, not to be great, ordinary people also have their own way of success. I think, to make my families, and all the people I love have a happy life, is my own way to be success. Yes, the ancient people said, a man should take the world as his duty. But for me, the most important is to make these people I love happy!As I said, I want to make my love live a happy life. So it’s always on the way to success! i want to make myself better and be able to make them feel happy. I remembered once a weekend, my parents are busy working so nobody have time to make a lunch, I tried to make it, but I didn’t learn how to cook before! My little brother and I made an awful lunch after an attempt. I still remember how unsavory it was but the happiness on my parents’ face is visible. At that moment, the feeling of pride arises spontaneously. I feel I am the most success person in our world. So after that, I tried to learn some cooking skills and I can make some delicious food now.话题二Please d escribe what is the happiest/most embarrassing/funniest/scariest thing that has ever happened to you.For me, there is a really scariest thing happened in my life. That was when I had just been in high school for no more than one month! After the military training, we have a long holiday at last. My brother and I went back home together. We are so tired because the intension of the training is so strong! We planned to have a good sleep once we came home. After an hour’s drive and thirty minutes’walk, we finally arrived at our destination. And we found that our parents going out. But, when I was opening the door, he suddenly falls in a faint. I am so scared that I almost fainted too. After realizing what happened, I responded quickly. I dialed a first aid phone and then, call my parents what happened. I put my brother on the sofa to prevent him from catching a cold. And I called his name and asked some questions to see if he was even sober. Just a while, the ambulance arrived. And my parents got back after it. My brother was send to hospital and my heart is still beating fast. I think it’s probably the most scaring thing I have ever experienced.话题三What d o you like about your d ormitory life? What d o you dislike? What d o you think can be d one to make your d ormitory a more harmonious community?It has been half a year since we came to our college. And we have already been living in the dorm for several months. I think I like to living in the dorm because I can live with my classmates and friends. We can study together and play together. But I really don’t like the shabby facilities in my dorm. As you know, our dormitory always cut off the water supply, always have a power cut and cut off the internet. And there is no tile in the dorm, it’s all cement floors. I can’t stand it! We all need to upper bed, I really dislike it! I want to sleep like in my home! And living in the dorm means our parents are not at our side. That’s really inconvenient.I think that we all should respect other’s habit, seek common ground while reserving differences. We should all endeavor to be more considerate of others. Just like, don’t speak loud in the dorm especially when they are having a sleep. And remember; do not unto others as you would not have them do unto you. Doing these means that there would be few conflicts between you and your roommates. If everyone can help each other, respect each one, you dormitory must be a harmonious one!话题四In your eyes, what is the greatest invention of the 21st century? Why?There are so many great inventions in this 21st century. The smart phone, artificial intelligence, the virtual reality technology and the augment reality! There is so many inventions in our century. But in my submission, the greatest invention of the 21st century is the nanotechnology. There are so many reasons for why I choose this one to be the greatest.First, the nanotechnology marks the further exploration of the microcosm by human beings. We all know, compared with the micro world; the exploration of the macro world is relatively easy. But the micro world is more representative of the nature of the world.Second, the application of nanotechnology is very extensive. Nanotechnology can be used in various fields, such as medicine, industry, agriculture and so on. In the future, there will be drugs based on nanotechnology to cure people's disease fundamentally. And there will be all kinds of nanobots involved in industrial and agricultural production. It will totally change our life!。

2014级的同学们：为引导学生重视口语，提高英语应用能力，外国语学院本学期举行14级大学英语Ⅱ口语考试，口语考试成绩将占期末考核总评成绩的15%。

口试题型为段落朗读及口语对话，要求考生按顺序朗读所抽到的材料并进行二人对话，总限时5分钟。

考官将按照评分标准根据学生朗读及对话的内容、语音、语调、语速、意群停顿、流利程度等综合打分。

按每个考场学生名单序号，考生在考务人员的安排下提前5-10分钟抽取朗读材料，要求考生在考场后一排座位处安静准备。

考试前，考生需要向监考老师出示学生证。

考完所抽题签必须交回抽签处，禁止考生对题签做任何标记或折叠。

考完后请迅速、安静地离开考场，切勿讨论或喧哗。

时间：2015年6月27日（16周周六）各班具体时间、地点和名单安排另行通知。

请老师们各班安排的副考务于考试开始之前10分钟到达考场，主动跟考官老师联系。

为了保证考试顺利进行，请通知上下午第二场考试的学生提前40分钟到达备考。

以下为30个口语考试题签，请同学们认真准备。

祝大家考试成功！外国语学院大学外语第二教学部2015年6月15篇段落朗读Passage 1In your hands, my fellow citizens, more than mine, will rest the final success or failure of our course. Since this country was founded, each generation of Americans has been summoned to give proof to its national loyalty. The graves of young Americans who answered the call to service surround the globe.Now the trumpet summons us again — not as a call to bear arms, though arms we need — not as a call to battle, though embattled we are — but a call to bear the burden of a long twilight struggle, year in and year out, “rejoicing in hope; patient in trouble,”— a struggle against the common enemies of man: tyranny, poverty, disease, and war itself.Passage 2From these changes, Americans would reduce the amount of land, water and chemicals used to produce the food we eat, as well as the incidence of lifestyle diseases linked to unhealthy diets, and greenhouse gases from industrial meat production.The government’s organic program, says Joan Shaffer, a sp okeswoman for the Agriculture Department, “is a marketing program that sets standards for what can be certified as organic. Neither the enabling legislation nor the regulations address food safety or nutrition.” People don’t understand that, nor do they realize “organic”doesn’t mean “local.” “It doesn’t matter if it’s from the farm down the road or from Chile,” Ms. Shaffer said. “As long as it meets the standards, it’s organic.”Passage 3But this isn’t just a question of economics. Sport has enduring qual ities. It shows us how to participate in something that is bigger than ourselves, and teaches us how to demonstrate respect for teammates and opponents. It helps us learn how to win with humility and lose with grace; how to set a goal and fulfill it. Sport brings people together; the self-worth and self-belief that it teaches are values that can last a lifetime. We all have much to learn from the great programs and projects running all over the world. Now is the time to make heroes of individuals and organizations that use sport to really make a difference.Passage 4Today, most farmers who practice truly sustainable farming, or what you might call “organic in spirit,” operate on small scale, some so small that they can’t afford the requirements to be certified organic by the government.But the organic food business is now big business, and getting bigger. Professor Howard estimates that major corporations now are responsible for at least 25 percentof all organic manufacturing and marketing. In 2006, sales of organic foods and beverages totaled about $16. 7 billion，according to the most recent figures from Organic Trade Association.Passage 5Planting your child in front of a television set is not altogether a bad thing, provided that you limit the time that your little one spends watching TV and you monitor the programs watched. However, here’s some food for thought:Media Awareness Network cites research estimating that American children receive a total of $6 billion in allowances each year. And the re’s no doubt that advertisers want as much of it as possible. So it would be wise to take a proactive role in teaching your child about the difference between advertising and television shows as soon as your child starts watching advertising.Passage 6As she talked, my mind raced. I thought back to when I was visiting my grandma Florence in the hospital every day. One evening, just after returning home, I received a call. Grandma Florence had taken a turn for the worse, and they wanted me to come back immediately. As I sat by her bedside, silent tears spilled from my eyes. Thenurse tried to console me by saying, “She’s ready to die.”Angrily, I retorted, “But I’m not ready to let her die!” Grandma Florence died six weeks later. By then, I was ready to let her go. I was glad God had given me a little more time.Passage 7The world is very different now. For man holds in his hands the power to abolish all forms of human poverty and all forms of human life. And yet the same revolutionary beliefs for which our forebears fought are still at issue around the globe — the belief that the rights of man come not from the generosity of the state but from the hand of God.We dare not forget today that we are the heirs of that first revolution. Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and enemy, that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans.Passage 8In the U.S.A. it is estimated that 80 million people joined the Earth Hour movement in 2009, which had grown to nearly 1 billion globally.Recent estimates show 1 billion supporters in 4,100 cities from 87 countrieslocated on seven different continents joined in turning off their lights for Earth Hour.Earth Hour hopes to encourage consumers, businesses, and governments to be thoughtful in action plans to carry out practical ways to reduce emissions.Let’s go beyond the light switch! Look at what some are doing to save energy to conserve precious fossil fuel.Passage 9In an interview in Sydney，the 23 year old pop singer responded to this issue, “The truth is what I’m a role model for is the ability to change culture.” However，despite many favorable comments，Lady Gaga’s sexy videos, lyrics and fashion sense have been equally criticized.The same article explains some of Gaga’s questionable acts. Her hit song Love Game got attention for its sexual references while the music video，in which she dances almost naked, was forbidden in Australia. In response，Lady Gaga says it doesn’t worry her. “I don’t make my videos for television —I make them for art,”she added.Passage 10Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay anyprice, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any enemy, in order to assure the survival and the success of liberty.To those old allies whose cultural and spiritual origins we share, we pledge the loyalty of faithful friends. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do —for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder.Passage 11“Sport has the power to change the world, the power to inspire, the power to unite people in a way that little else can. Sport can create hope ... It is an instrument for peace.”When a man like Nelson Mandela looks back over his life and, against the backdrop of all that he had to endure, pinpoints sport as a unique force for good, we should sit up and take notice. During his 27 years in captivity, mainly on Robben Island, sport helped sustain the spirits of Mandela and his fellow inmates.Passage 12Elephants wear their hearts on their trunks, as it were, so it was easy to tell that Shirley was not dealing well with Jenny’s death — her eyes were half shut and her trunk dragged on th e ground. She wasn’t eating or trumpeting. She was depressed. Bunny followed her to the hill, where the two stayed for days before finally returning to the barn. With her spirits restored, Shirley, the oldest and largest elephant at the sanctuary, began to eat and play, and even picked her trunk off the ground. She was back with the elephants, where she belonged.Passage 13I didn’t expect a suicide call at 8:59 in the morning, one minute before the Helpline Office opened. Usually suicide calls startled me from a sound sleep after midnight. My caller probably anticipated getting through to the office staff instead of a volunteer who was finishing a shift at home.During our crisis training, I learn to listen, rather than respond with something flippant like, “I’m against it.” I simply waited. The caller continued. As she talked, I checked the proper boxes on her profile sheet.Passage 14The sanctuary was started in 1995 by Carol Buckley and Scott Blaise. The two former elephant trainers had seen enough abuse and neglect at circuses and zoos to inspire them to create a sanctuary where elephants could live out their lives. The sanctuary would offer what Buckley considers the three necessities for a happyelephant: freedom from dominance, room to wander and lots of other elephants.At the sanctuary, the 19 African and Asian elephants in residence are allowed to exist as they would in the wild. “We created a system where dominance does not exist at all,” says Buckley. “We give them the option to say no.”Passage 15With her signature music, fashion and attitude, expected-unexpected Lady Gaga redefines pop culture in a different way.Yes，Lady Gaga is now being eyed as the most aggressive woman to rule today’s pop culture. Others claim that she is the reinvented version of Pop Queen Madonna. Best Week Ever says comparing Lady Gaga to Madonna is like comparing apples to much older apples. But while most of teenagers, even the older ones appreciate the genius in Lady Gaga，some believe that her gift becomes an instrument of pop culture to penetrate young’s consciousness.15个口语对话1. Topic: foreigner living in ChinaSituation: A Chinese reporter is interviewing with an American who has lived in China for more than a year. They are talking about the cultural differences between China and America as well as the positive and negative aspects of living in China.Cues: positive; negative; responsible; cheap; friendly; travel; lack of privacy; too much curiosity; overcrowded; pollution; food safety2. Topic: favourite movie starsSituation: Two friends are talking about their favourite movie stars.Cues: a big fan; Kong Fu movie; favourite character; movie series; acting; be skilled in; play the hero/ heroine3. Topic: Popularity of fast foodSituation: In recent years, fast food has been very popular in China. Western fast food restaurants like McDonald’s and KFC and Chinese style fast food restaurants like Kung Fu Restaurant can be seen everywhere in cities of China today. Two students are discussing the reasons of its popularity, and whether it’s better than conventional meals.Cues: time saving, low price, balanced nutrition, vegetable, fat, deep fried (油炸)4. Topic: Eating outSituation: One of you is the waiter or waitress, and the other is the customer. Choose one of China’s regional cuisines (地方菜) and then role-play a conversation. Don’t forget to include: 1) finding out and telling about the “specials”; 2) asking and answering questions about the food on the menu; 3) paying the bills.Cues: local, favorite, hometown specialty, cook, flavor, price5. Topic: How do Sports Affect Our Lives?Situation: A and B are classmates. They both think sports mean much to them and are talking about“How Do Sports Affect Our Lives”．Cues: strengthen; enjoy; get rid of stress; improve; reduce the risk of; benefit us mentally; cultivate (培养) many good qualities; perseverance (毅力), cooperation, hard work and confidence, reach a goal; build a healthy body.6. Topic: personal valuesSituation: Amy and her classmate John are having a heated discussion about personal values. They are talking about what their personal values are and how personal values can influence the decisions they make throughout daily life as well as the major life changing decisions. (Personal values refer to those standards that you set for yourself to live by. Since these values vary by individual, they are "personal" and can include many things.)Cues: ambition, individuality, responsibility, respect, loyalty, teamwork, efficiency7. Topic: favourite singersSituation: Two students are talking about their favourite singers.Cues: pop music; rock and roll; classic music; good voice; be popular among; write sb’s own music; hard-working8. Topic: Food safetySituation: As one of the most heated public concern in today’s China, domestic food safety has drawn attention from all walks of life. Two students are talking about the food safety issue.Cues: food contamination, lean meat powder （瘦肉精）, swill-cooked dirty oil （地沟油）, artificial coloring （人工色素）, worship of money, moral decline.9. Topic: Advantages and disadvantages of globalizationSituation: Globalization connected the world increasingly. The optimistic think this promotes process of the global village, linked together by Internet, and is benefiting the material demand constantly. However, the pessimistic thinks global corporation has destroyed the environment.Cues: establish increasingly close contact; make the world more interdependent than ever; along with; be rising to; divide into; compare with; absorb the foreign capitals; do harm to10. Topic: Chinese parenting values Vs. western parenting valuesSituation: In a coffee house, David is arguing with his friend Sam over whether Chinese parenting values or western parenting values are best for kids.Cues: self-confident, independent, creative, mental and physical health, academic achievement, be not allowed to…11. Situation: All students want to have a good vacation after a hard and busy semester. What do you plan to do during the next summer vacation? Why?Cues: go abroad travelling, get together with family members, hold parties to meet friends, do part-time job to get some work experiences in some fields …12. Topic: How to save our planetSituation: Two students are talking about some measures on how to save our environment. Cues: saving electricity, using energy wisely, planting trees, buying energy-efficient products, driving less, too much water, wash dishes, take a bath, keep the garbage, a trash can13. Topic: FriendSituation: Having good friendship network is of great benefit to everyone. However, it is very difficult to have a real friend. In your opinion, what qualities are important in a real friend? Cues: honest, warm-hearted, care about, a friend in need …,14. Topic: Blogging.Situation: Two students are talking about advantages and disadvantages of bloggingCues: open the door to the world to people; as diverse as human beings; show their personality, emotion and ideas; takes time and effort; the copyright issue can cause some headaches; personal and intimate contents15. Topic: MoneySituation: You and your partner are arguing about money. One thinks that money is everything, and the other thinks that money is not everythingCues: important, the source of happiness, love, true friends。

武汉理工大学-2学硕英语口语考试的通知
武汉理工大学2016-2017（2）学硕英语口语考试的通知
为配合武汉理工大学研究生公共英语教学改革，2016级学术性硕士第二学期《研究生公共英语》期末口语考试安排如下。

下面，店铺为大家分享武汉理工大学关于2016-2017(2)学硕英语口语考试的`通知，全文如下：
一、马区考试安排
具体候场时间如下：
上午：第一个班：7:40; 下午：第一个班 1:40
第二个班 9:20; 第二个班 3:00
第三个班 11:00 第三个班 4:00
二、余区考试安排
余区英语口试名单汇总(1).xlsx 附件：
2016-2017(2)学硕英语口语考试实施细则.doc
已获批免修免试的研究生可以不用参加本次考试，其他研究生请认真准备，准时参加考试。

原文地址：
【武汉理工大学2016-2017（2）学硕英语口语考试的通知】。

感谢你的聆听华中科技大学硕士研究生入学考试《基础英语》考试大纲一．考试目的：检验考生词汇、阅读理解和欣赏、英汉互译和写作等方面英语综合运用能力。

二．考试要求：1.能看懂英语书刊报纸上的英语文章，既能理解其字面意义，又能理解其隐含意义；既能辨别出文中的事实与细节，又能概括出全文主旨；2.能分析文章的思想观点、篇章结构、写作目的、语言技巧及修辞手段，并就此作出自己的评价；3.能够根据上下文用适当的词语解释较难的词语，且用自己的语言解释文章中的长句和难句；4.能将不同文体风格的原文忠实地翻译成译文；5.能根据要求写出语言准确、表达得体，具有一定的思想深度的文章。

三．考试内容：考试内容涵盖外语教学与研究出版社出版的《高级英语》（上、下册）和国内高校通用的翻译和写作教材内容，兼及时事、政治、经济、文化及社会生活等方面的英文报刊或网站。

四．考试形式：采用客观试题与主观试题相结合、单项技能测试与综合技能相结合的办法。

五．考试题型：1.词语替换：共有25题，要求考生能将一正式文体中的词语用日常用语表达出来；(25%)2.完形填空：在一篇200字左右的短文中，有15个空，要求考生能够根据上下文用适当的词语填空。

该部分既可提供选项，亦可不提供选项；(15%)3.句子复述：在1篇短文中，有5句划线的长句和难句，要求考生能用自己的语言解释文章中的长句和难句；(10%)4.阅读理解：有3-4篇的阅读文章共20道左右的多项选题，要求考生根据阅读内容选择适当的答案；(40%)5.英译汉：对一篇500字左右的英语文章中的划线部分进行翻译（划线部分的长度大约为150字），或者翻译大约200字的英语段落；(15%)6.汉译英：翻译长度约为300汉字的段落。

(15%)7.文章分析和写作：在1至2篇短文中要求考生分析文章的思想观点、通篇布局、写作目的和语言技巧，并根据要求用英语写出300字左右的评论文章。

(30%)六．答题要求：全部答案要求写在答题纸上，写在试卷上的答案无效。

Class 9Topic 1 HealthSub-topic 1What important factors contribute to or influence peopled health nowadays?Sub-topic 2What do you think of the health situation of todays Chinese university students?What are the main problems of their physical health?Sub-topic 3What are the main mental and psychological problems of current Chinese university students? How to cope with them?Sub-topic 4What are the main threats to people's health in modern society? How to cope with the problem?Topic 2 Traffic and TransportationSub・topic 1What are the reasons that cause more and more traffic accidents in China today?■High traffic volume: more cars on the road■Inadequate and incompetent road designs■Lagging infrastructures■lack of meaningful driver education and testing and a system of traffic enforcement■To many bad and dangerous drivers: not skillful enough, irresponsible,Sub-topic 2What can we do to avoid the traffic accidents? And what is the best way?On part of the pedestrians■Walking along a sidewalk and never on the roadside■Crossing with the signal in a crosswalk■If no sidewalk, a pedestrian walking along on the extreme left side of the roadway;■If on highway, walk on the shoulder of the highway■Don^t drive impaired■Yield anyway; exercise prudent courtesy■Use seat-belt and other safety devices■Do not run red■Drive attentively and predictably: connect your mind to your eyes■Never cross the double yellow linesBest way■Education for Drivers9 self-discipline , education for pedestriansself-protection ■Strict and effective official monitoring and management■ Strict rule implementation and severe punishmentSub-topic 3What do you think of the public transportation in Wuhan or on our campus?Topic 3 Job and CareerSub-topic 1What jobs are popular? Do you know some newly arisen careers?Sub-topic 2What factors will you take into consideration when you9re looking for a job in the job market?As a fresh graduate looking for my first job, I may wonder what kind of job available on the market is the most suitable for me. Maybe four important elements I will take i nto consideration are interest, salary, location and working condition.Firstly, I think personal interest is quite essential when deciding which job to accept. I fl am doing a job that I like, work itself can give me a feeling of satisfaction, and my career can also be a lot of fun. Interest is the best guide and the source of the success.I would be motivated to work hard if I really love this job.Secondly, salary counts for a lot when I choose my future caree匚My ultimate goal wh en making a choice is to find something that will make me happy. But to a certain exte nt, my happiness will probably be influenced by my income. A good salary with some variables is necessary to me.The third element I care about is which city the company locates in .There is no doubt that big cities like Beijing, Guangzhou or shanghai will provide more opportunities. Therefore a majority of graduates prefer working in those places to returning to their h ometown. However, I think a place close to my hometown will be better for me to tak e care of my old mother and father. So I hope where I go to work is not far away from my native place. Finally, working condition equally affects much when I hunt for a job. As for me, it wiII be better to work in a company which can provide some holiday every year so that I can travel to anywhere I like. It is also of importance to work with a group of people who are friendly, energetic and well-united.In a word, the ideal job for me is what combines four factors togethe匚But when I hav e to make a choice, I would choose the one which near my family since “ East or wes t, home is best・(金窝,银窝，不如自己的草窝)Sub-topic 3How to have a successful job interview?Topic 4 Interpersonal relationshipSub-topic 1What is important in ensuring good human relationships?Sub-topic 2What is real friendship? Please use some concrete example(s) to illustrate your opinion. Sub-topic 3Has the Internet brought people closer?Quick and swift Cheap and convenient Able to contact with people from every corn erof the world Able to get the latest news More reliable and less biasedAlienating people • People don^t visit each other often • Addiction to the internet ga mes • Cyber love is unreliableWe may have many friends on line, but have only met a few of them in person. We mayhave joine d many online communities, but are just interested in a few of them. We"meet n our friends online every day, but talk with just a few of them. Social networkingservices bring us together, but do n ot necessary ensure close friendship. The servicesappeal to our socializing instincts, but may ruin our ability to communicatSub-topic 4Do you like living with roommates? What are the advantages and disadvantages living with roommates? Are you satisfied with the dormitory interpersonal relationship now?Topic 5 TravelingSub-topic 1:What do people often do before leaving home for traveling?Sub・topic 2:Where do you dream to go to? Why?Sub-topic 3:Which one do you prefer, joining a group traveling arranged by a travel agency or traveling by yourself with a free line?An experience of learning: Travelling as an experience of learning may enrich ourlife ,inspire our desires of learning and access us to the culture and value differences.An attitude towards life: Travelling may bridge us to a positive attitude towards life, i ncluding how to achieve healthy life, how to be more agreeable among friends and ho w to face with and dump the exhaustions in daily life.An exploration of the unknown: Travelling as an approach to exploration of the unkno wn may challenge our courage and help us build up strong wills, help us develop new ways of thinking and recover the confidence and dependence.Topic 6 Love and MarriageSub-topic 1What，s your opinion on love on campus or love at the first sight?Sub-topic 2What characteristics are so important in the opposite sex that may attract you?Love Appearance Figure/build Job Economic conditions Personality Family background Education Hobbies Age Kind/friendly Honest Humorous Agreeable Outgoing Responsible Capable Optimistic Considerate Good at cooking Men are valued for status & money Women are valued for good looks, child rearing & homemaking skillsSub-topic 3Are house and car necessary for marriage? Will you get married without them? Why or why not?Sub-topic 4Why people get married? What are important for a happy marriage?Topic 8 Success and HappinessSubtopic 1What is success? Does success means happiness?Subtopic 2How to succeed? Are people with higher degree easier to succeed? What kind of people is easy to succeed?Subtopic 3What is happiness? Are you happy now? Why or why not? More money more happiness?Topic 10 Past and FutureSubtopic 1What is the thing you cherish most in the past? Why?Subtopic 2What are your ambitions and what do you expect most from life in the future? Subtopic 3 Can you name a few scientific advancements that have greatly changed human life in the past centuries? What impacts will new technologies have on human life, like cloning, 3-D printing?Subtopic 4What will be the main problems of the future? Can scientific development solve these problems?。

口语考试准备~琳考试时间、地点：第15周（20160530-20160603）各班随堂考。

考试形式：口语考试试题从该10个话题中抽取，考试时以小组为单位（3人一组），每组约8-10分钟。

流程为：1）小组随机抽取一个话题包（各任课老师事先做好备选条）；话题包内的3个问题老师可随机分派给3位组员或组员自行抽取；2）各组员就所抽问题/话题分别陈述自己的观点（每人约1分钟），然后就讨论话题进行讨论（5-6分钟）。

评分标准：口语考试满分10分。

其中语音语调（pronunciation and intonation ）2分、语言流利度 (fluency) 2分、正确使用语言表达思想的能力 (expressiveness) 4分、创新点 (innovation) 2分。

10个话题包如下：Package 1 FameQuestions: 1) In your eyes, to what extent can one be regarded as a celebrity?Whatever You Do, Don ’t Be a CelebrityOur culture celebrates celebrities to a fault. We place such a high priority on being famous that any other social status is unacceptable. But what does it mean — to be a celebrity — and is it worth the cost?Too many people are scrambling for the attention and recognization of strangers and society as a whole and missing out in the opportunities to bless those around them in their personal life. To experience the joy of victory over false illusions and attachments and the freedom and peace experienced through an enriched devotional life and walk with Jesus.If God wants us to be famous before men, then so be it …if we seek and follow His will, it will happen. I guess the whole point is seeking out God ’s will for our life and living it to the fullest.this post may be a good reminder and a reassurance to those of us that live much less than glorified lives in the eyes of society …like me …a student who feels sometimes silent and unknown in the world. But then I see my progress in physics everyday.. andI know that that’s my true value..Package 2 One of a KindQuestions: 1) Have you ever been different from your peers? Do you think it is good to be different?Difference can take on a vary wide spectrum such as race, gender, ones social status in society which plays an important part in the class rooms because everyone does not learn at the same pace. For example there are those who come from low-income families who do not have the advantage of students from middle class environments, thus learning for them will be somewhat difficult and vary challenging.Sometimes conflicts may arise with the student and instructors based on attitudes and feelings of inadequacy based on how the students may feel that the instructor is being partial or leaning more toward the upper social status students than the student who comes from a mediocre background.Thus the instructor has to be very creative in his/her abilities not to let their personality become a factor when dealing with their students. They have to make sure that each student is given equal opportunity to learn at his/her on pace and respected for who they are and not their social status in life.A good instructor is one who will take advantage of the differences that the students bring to the class room and will make valuable application of this factor by pulling out of his/her students that its okay to be different because variety is the spice of life, thus it make life more interesting and the fact that we can learn so much from each other because we live in a multiculturalsociety thus, “creating multicultural learning communities”.Package 3 MisfortuneHow do you understand the old saying “Misfortune might be a blessing in disguise”?[]Package 4 Information TechnologyQuestions: 1) As we expect more from technology, do we expect less from each other? How do you understand the notion“Connected, but alone”?The farthest distance in the world is not between two distant trees, but between two branches on the same tree that are unable to co-existence, Tagore once lamented in his poem. But there is another similar saying, popular among people: the most distant way in the world is nothing further than we are sitting together, but you are absorbed in your little cellphone.Dramatically and virtually, nowadays, those little devices in our pockets are so psychologically powerful that they not only change what we do, but nearly change who we are. Over and over again, I hear people around me firmly claiming that "I would rather text than talk", which is, obviously, nothing to do with the real conversation. Or parents text and do email at both breakfast and dinner, while their children complain about not having their parents' full attention. What's more, an increasing number of people, instead of coming home from work, they chat on QQ through video on each new year 's eve. It seems that there is no longer face-to-face relationships and people can not get enough of each other, but earnestly immerse themselves in the social networking. So we can not help asking what's wrong with us? Why we expect more from technology and less from each other? Actually, we have everything before technology, but we lost something after it. Today, the world is a village, but everyone is an island.What happened to us? Here is a story for you.In the last New Year's Eve, I was accompanying my family. My phone rang every 5 minutes, no calling, just greeting messages, 55 altogether. I felt joyful about the large number. But what happened later made me extremely disappointed and incredibly sad. Because in my 55 texts, almost all the greetings were the same. Actually, I only got 11 different messages. The worst part was that I surprisingly found many websites providing thousands of ready-made messages and almost all of my texts were downloaded from there. Ladies and gentlemen, how pathetic it is! These greetings are supposed to be from our soul, our hearts, not from the Internet. Realizing this, I made a change. I spent 2 hours calling my friends who were miles away from me. Hearing their voices, I felt they were around me.Technology is shaping our modern relationships and redefining human connection, and now is the very time for us to have a reflection of a real essential way of communication we need. At this point, I am passionate and optimistic, because I convince, we have each other. So ladies and gentlemen, put down the phone in your hand and wake up to the real connection, listen to each other by heart, then we canconnect in a warm and feeling way!Package 5 RoommateQuestions: 1) Which would you prefer, living by yourself or living with roommates? State your reasons.. It is often difficult for a student to decide whether he shall have roommates or not. But for a college student, the advantages of having roommates always outweigh the disadvantages. Those who object to having roommates claim that several people living together gives rise to some unpleasantness because every person has his own way. They also argue that, while living together, there is usually a lack of privacy.Although at first glance these arguments sound reasonable and appealing. They are not borne out by a careful consideration. When you and your roommates are in odds, it is not simply unpleasant. On the contrary, it is the best time for you to learn how to adjust the relationships between yourself and the others. Solving trivial problems in the dorm will, in the long run, enrich your social experience and help you to understand other people’s feelings and learn to be considerate. In addition, some personal experiences and emotion are not so private as not to be known by even friends. Living with other people, you are surely to find out that most of what you previously regarded as privacy, to your surprise, no longer appears “private” at all, because your roommates share a great deal of what you think and feel. As a result, you will find discussing with roommates over those “privacies” actually clarifies your confusion and brightens your spirits.Finally, the imcomparable advantage is that it offers an excellent chance of cooperation and adequate colorful group activities. Planning a party single handedly may be a dull and difficult job. Your roommates’ help, however, renders it enjoyable and easy. You can make a plan together, take a trip together, and have a football game together against another dorm. Combining every member’s wit and talent together, you may even start a musical band. All of these are invaluable throughout your life.So as I see it, rooming together, as a precious opportunity for students living in dormitory, is the best way of learning cooperation and of understanding other people and the society in general. Such experience will definitely be helpful in one’s later life. Share your happiness and sadness with your roommates and you’ll receive high reward.Package 6 Criminal ActsQuestions: 1) There are now detailed reports about crimes on TV and newspapers. Some say that crime details should berestricted in the media. To what extent do you agree ordisagree with this opinion?Package 7 Genes1) What can we benefit from genetic technology?[Gene technology to benefit peopleAmong all the fast growing science and technology, the research of human genes, or biological engineering as people call it, is drawing more and more attention now. Sometimes it is a hot topic discussed by people.The greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctorsat present can almost do nothing with, such as cancer and heart disease. Every year, millions of people are murdered by these two killers. And to date, doctors have not found an effective way to cure them. But if the gene technology is applied, not only these two diseases can be cured completely, bringing happiness and more living days to the patients, but also the great amount of money people spend on curing their diseases can be saved, therefore it benefits the economy as well. In addition, human life span(寿命) can be prolonged.Gene technology can help people to give birth to more healthy and clever children. Some families, with the English imperial family being a good example, have hereditary(遗传的) diseases. This means their children will for sure have the family disease, which is a great trouble for these families. In the past, doctors could do nothing about hereditary diseases. But gene technology can solve this problem perfectly. The scientist just need to find the wrong gene and correct it, and a healthy child will be born.Some people are worrying that the gene research can be used to manufacture human beings in large quantities. In the past few years, scientists have succeeded in cloning a sheep, therefore these people predict that human babies would soon be cloned. But I believe cloned babies will not come out in large quantities, for most couples in the world can have babies in very normal way. Of course, the governments must take care to control gene technology.]Package 8 Inequality in SocietyQuestions: 1) China's aging population is growing rapidly. The latest projection is that in 2050 one out of three Chinese will beover 60 years old. How can we provide better care for theelderly?As the saying goes, filial piety is themost important in all virtues. To respect the elderly is the Chinese traditionalvirtue. To respect the elderly is also the progress of human science development.If human have proper thoughts, the society can develop healthily. To care theelders is not only for a child and a family, but also for a society and a country.So this problem has become a hot issue.As children, they should take care of theelderly in material and spirit. For example, they ought to go back home oftento see their parents and accompany them. As the government, they should perfectthe legal, because the system is far from perfect. What’s more, the governmentshould provide assistance for the elderly.Package 9 Amusement ParksQuestions: 1) What do you know about the spread of DisneylandAs we all know, Disneyland spread quickly throughout the world. Shanghai is going to build up china’s first Disneyland. The spread of Disneyland has drawn much more people's attention.So, what is the secret sauce that has led to Disneyland's success? According to customer service expert Doug Lipp in his book Disney U, in 1955 Disney University founder Van France made a commitment to Walt Disney that influenced millions of Disneyland employees--and ultimately the experience of hundreds of millions of guests. Van helped build a culture at Disneyland based on four values:1: Innovation Disney University trains its employees (known as "Cast Members") to continually adapt and learn in an ever-evolving culture, and to challenge the status quo. As Van put it in this excerpt from a 1980s Disneyland management training program: "Budgets, schedules, reports, more reports, union negotiations, training programs, meetings ... more meetings, handbooks, cover-your-ass memos and the endless things which take up your time are of no value unless they end up producing A HAPPY GUEST."2: Leadership Said Van France, "Walt would regularly walk through the Park, looking for problems or things to improve. I copied his routine.I continually walked through the Park, looking for different things, people problems. Facts are easy to identify, I was looking for feelings that werebothering Cast Members." From Walt and Roy Disney, and then to many generations of leaders, "walking the park" continues to be the ultimate leadership approach used at Disney resorts worldwide.3: Education Walt Disney placed a long-standing value of providing employees a tailored, relevant training and education experience. Sixty years after Disneyland's grand opening, cast members at every Disney resort around the world still stream through the Disney University, before interacting with guests.4: Entertain Entertainment is the cornerstone of the Disney experience, and it found its way into Disney University's training strategy too. Van France merged education and entertainment into something entirely new: edutainment. This powerful approach increases trainee engagement, ensuring their retention of new conceptsPackage 10 EQQuestions:1) If you were the boss of a company, would you prefer employing people with great IQ scores or those withgreat EQ scores? Give your reasons.the idea of IQ of a measure of your brain power has been around for a while, but recently there’s been this new idea of the EQ – youremotional quotient. And by now, it’s actually almost being regarded as more important. If you look at it, businesses will … Well, they will prefer employing people with great EQ. Well, of course, IQ cannot be disregarded, but um, EQ does have its importance as well. Uh, I believe that, um, … I mean, people, most people will have, um, their basic means of communicating with other people. Most people are somewhat socially adept, and just like most people have, you know, a basic general knowledge. But then, what I think really is the difference between IQ and EQ, I mean, you can have a “brainiac”, and they will be great at most things they do, but if you just can’t get along with him, if you just can’t communicate with him, I mean, you know, he’s not really that useful.。

1. What factors can lead to happiness? Do you think biological and physiological bases underlie happiness?D：Hi Xiao ming ,Can you talk about what factors can lead to happiness to most people?F：Happiness means different things to different people. For example, some people believe that if they have lots of money, they will be happy.They believe that if they are wealthy, they will be able to do anything they want, which means happiness。

D：Yes you are right .and there are some other people believe that holding a high position in the government is happiness. In this way, you have not only money, but also many other things which can＇t be bought by money. F：I think there is nothing wrong with people who want to get money and high position if they get them through their hard work .D：Yes you are right. But the problem is that some people get money and position through illegal channels.For example ,some businessmen even sell drainage oil.What can make you happy ?F：I believe that having lots of money is not happiness nor is holding a high position in the government. For me, happiness is closely tied to my studies, my work and my family.D：Yes ,When I made great progress in my studies, when I made contributions to the society through my work, when all the members in my family live in harmony, sharing good and sad times, I am happy.F：Although the definition of happiness depends on each individual We should have our own standards of happiness.2、Talk about Chinese and Western traditions and trends of love and marriage.D：Hi Xiao ming Have you watched the video on the internet about Chinese and Western traditions and trends of love and marriage ?The video producer is a very famous professor of a university.X：Yes I watch it. The video is very wonderful。

华中科技大学博士研究生入学考试《英语专业综合》考试大纲
（科目代码： 3556 ）
一、考试性质
英语专业综合的评价标准是高等学校优秀硕士毕业生能够达到的水平，以保证被录取者具有较为扎实的英语语专业知识。

考试对象为参加全国博士研究生入学考试的准考考生。

二、考试形式与试卷结构
（一）答卷方式：闭卷，笔试，用英语答题。

（二）答题时间：180分钟
（三）题型：论述题
（四）内容比例
1、理论语言学 50%
备注：考察学理论语言学与应用语言学的基本理论、流派及其发展和分析方法。

要求考生熟练掌握语言学理论的基本概念和原理，以及语言学和其他学科的联系，并具备综合运用所学知识分析具体语言现象、解决实际问题的能力。

2、专业方向题 50%
备注：外语教育、翻译与跨文化交际这三个研究方向分别有两道论述题，考生根据报考方向选做2道。

华科大华科大09 级第级第III 学期大学英语口语考试试题1. A and B are a couple. You plan to buy a house, but find that you can’t agree on anything.2. A and B are diplomats from different countries. You meet ata conference and exchange views about dealing with global population pressure/developing warning systems of natural disasters/promoting international cultural exchanges.3. A and B are both graduates. You meet on the campus and complain about discrimination you have experienced in applying for jobs.4. A and B are starting a kungfu training center/a restaurant/an animal clinic/a computer company. Talk about the prospect of your business, make promises, and remind each other of the things you should bear in mind.5. A and B are telling stories of great people in arts/sports/science. The story teller tries to impress the listener who expresses surprise and interest.6. A is a visitor to the United Kingdom/United States India, while B is a native citizen.A asksB about laws/dating customs/religion there, and shows belief and doubt about B’s answer.7. A is a customer and B a salesperson of a home-cleaning robot/a mini book scanner.B tries to assure A who is concerned about its possibility of breakdown and other problems.8. A is a new resident while B is a local police officer. A consults B for security tips.9. A and B are talking about whether holidays are a good time to express gratitude and which holidays are the most appropriate.10. A and B are having a debate about cloning.11.A and B are discussing whether it is proper for parents to indulge their children with many gifts.12. A and B are giving each other tips about how to improve health and their life.13.A and B are discussing whether they should be taking somany tests and try to find the better way to learn.教师在本学期最后一周的两次课随堂实施口试。

备考室
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华中科技大学09级第II学期大学英语口语考试大纲及教学要求一、口语能力评判范围1、准确性：考生的语音、语调以及所使用的语法和词汇的准确程度2、语言范围：考生使用的词汇和语法结构的复杂程度和范围3、话语的长短：考生对整个考试中的交际所作的贡献、讲话的多少4、连贯性：考生有能力进行较长时间的、语言连贯的发言5、灵活性：考生应付不同情景和话题的能力6、适切性：考生根据不同场合选用适当确切的语言的能力二、教学及口语考试内容1、教学内容要求学生掌握第II学期所学三本教材的15-20个主题内容（新视野听说教程和视听说教程以及综合教程第二册），参与不同形式的口头交际，即掌握在大学英语教学大纲中已明确列出的语言功能和意念。

2、口语考试内容口语考试紧扣教材内容进行，从中选择10个主题。

如社会、文化、价值、生活、学习、网络、体育、音乐，等等。

【见附件】三、口语能力要求第二学期要求学生根据不同场景及所给相关问题作简要的发言、讨论或表演对话。

四、考试形式及施考程序考试采取面对面的方式，以学生个人陈述或结对讨论或情景对话的形式进行。

任课教师在本学期最后一周的两次课随堂实施口试。

学生提前一周确定个人或结对参加口试，考试当天按照班级名册顺序抽签，当场确定主题立即展示，前一组结束，后一组马上继续。

采用总体与内容相结合的评分方法，教师就总体印象及考生的语言、句型以及惯用法的使用给分。

口试内容应表达题目所涉及的内容，要考虑是否切题，是否条理清楚、充分表达思想。

五、试题构成六、考试成绩10分制。

口试标准共分五等：优秀（9分）以上、良好（8分）、中（7分）、及格（6分）和不及格（6分）以下。

七、成绩评判标准9-10分：无语法错误，用词正确语言连贯，自然，表达丰富，发音清晰内容，语境，语调，语音基本一致8分：语法和词汇基本正确表达过程中词汇丰富，发音较好对有关主题能进行较长时间、语言连贯的发言，但允许由于无法找到合适的词语而造成的偶尔停顿语言的使用总体上能与语境、功能和目的相适应能够自然、积极地参与讨论7分：语法和词汇有一些错误，但未影响交际表达过程中词汇较丰富，发音尚可对有关主题能进行较连贯的发言，但发言较简短，有时在组织语言与搜寻词语时常出现停顿，有时会影响交际语言的使用基本上能与语境功能和目的相适应能较积极参与讨论，但有时内容不切题6分：语法和词汇有错误，且有时会影响交际表达过程中词汇不丰富，语法结构较简单，发音有缺陷组织语言和搜寻词语时频繁出现较长时间的停顿，影响交际，但能够基本完成交际任务不能积极地参与讨论，有时无法适应主题内容的变化讨论6分以下：语法和词汇有较多错误，妨碍理解表达过程中缺乏词汇和语法结构而影响交际，发音差，常中断交际发言简短且毫无连贯性，几乎无法进行交际不能参与讨论【附】口语考试参考主题1、A and B are discussing how to find an inexpensive but quality mobile phone online.2、How can parents and children improve their mutual understanding?3、A and B are desk-mates. Although the school bell has rung, their teacher has not turned up. They are making various assumptions about the absence of their teacher.4、How can we live a stress-free life?5、A and B are freshmen at the same college. They are talking about the similarities and differences between college and high school life.6、A and B are planning a class party and the budget is 500 yuan. Make a shopping list of the things you need and how many of each item. Then work out the total sum and decide what to change and what to keep on the list.7、A and B are former classmates. A is currently studying IT in New York, while B is studying Business Management in Beijing. They are comparing the teaching methods in China and the United States.8、If you were given a billion dollars, what would you do with it?9、A and B are talking about the important exam A will have tomorrow. A worries that he/she will fail. B comforts him/her and offers some advice.10.A is a salesperson, and B wants to buy a pairof jeans. They will talk about the size, color,price and way of payment.11.A and B are watching a TV serial. A wantsto switch to another channel because it’s time for commercials(商业广告). But B praises the Nike TV ads.12.A finds B very upset. B says he just brokeup with his girlfriend, because she wants to get married but he wants to have a career first. A tries to comfort B.14Who need more care, men or women?13.A and B are talking about the kinds ofmovies/music/sports they like and dislike.15.My favorite athlete.。

Intercultural CommunicationIn recent years，it is widely acknowledged that intercultural communication has been becoming an increasingly common phenomenon. From my point of view, a number of factors could account for this trend.First and foremost， the development of transportation. Now jet planes fly everywhere. It used to take months to travel from Shanghai to Los Angeles, but now it takes only 12 hours。

It is now much easier for people to move from one country to another。

People of different countries and races get together much oftener than before.What’s more, the advancement of communication means。

Nowadays people get in touch with each other in various ways, through internet， telephone，mobile phone and so on。

These efficient means sharply promote intercultural communication to a large extent。

Besides, the ongoing of economic globalization. Since economic globalization lead to the production and market globalization, more and more multinational corporations now operate in quite a few countries。

目录2005年春季华中科技大学博士研究生英语入学考试试题 (2)2005年秋季华中科技大学博士研究生英语入学考试试题 (8)2006年春季华中科技大学博士研究生英语入学考试试题(1) (15)2006年春季华中科技大学博士研究生英语入学考试试题(2) (21)2005年春季华中科技大学博士研究生英语入学考试试题参考答案 (28)2005年秋季华中科技大学博士研究生英语入学考试试题参考答案 (29)2006年春季华中科技大学博士研究生英语入学考试试题参考答案(1) (30)2006年春季华中科技大学博士研究生英语入学考试试题参考答案(2) (31)2005年春季华中科技大学博士研究生英语入学考试试题Cloze (1x10=10%)Directions: In this part you are asked to choose the best word for each blank in the passage. Write your answers on the answer sheet.Some kids have a hard time 1 to the new freedom that they acquire when they leave high school and come to college. Here you are able to choose 2 or not you want to go to class. However, this responsibility comes with a great price. If you do not go to class, you may miss an important lecture and these are very critical when it comes time for the test that is fifty percent of your grade. With this responsibility I have learned how to manage my time more 3 . 4 hating every minute of school, I value it 5 a time for me to prepare for the big test. This new schedule has also changed me in that now I 6 school is worth my time. I do not dread going to class. Yes, it is boring some of the time but since I only have two to four classes a day for only four days out of the week, it is not as 7__ as high school. Also many of my courses require more in depth thinking. As an alternative to doing worksheets and 8 simple questions, college courses call 9 _ analysis and thought. Almost all of my homework now is writing papers and reading books. These to this routine, I have been able to investigate and recognize meaning more 10 and it has helped me in my thought process.1. A) content B) to adopt C) finding D) adjusting2. A) where B) when C) whether D) if3. A) effective B) efficiently C) effort D) affect4. A) Instead of B) Rather than C) Instead D) Other than5. A) for B) upon C) as D) with6. A) should like B) feel like C) look like D) would like7. A) unpleasant B) pleasant C) enjoyable D) misfortune8. A) answered B) answer C) answering D) to answer9. A) in B) for C) up D) about10. A) likely B) prepared C) ready D) readilyII. Reading comprehension (20x2=40%)Directions: There are four passages in this part. After each passage, there are five questions. You are to choose the best answer for each question. Write your answers on the answer sheet.Passage 1Extremely refined behaviour, cultivated as an art of gracious living, has been characteristic only of societies with wealth and leisure, which admitted women as the social equals of men. After the fall of Rome, the first European society to regulate behaviour in private life in accordance with a complicated code of etiquette was twelfth-century Provence, in France.Provence had become wealthy. The lords had returned to their castles from the crusades, and there the ideals of chivalry grew up, which emphasized the virtue and gentleness of women and demanded that a knight should profess a pure and dedicated love to a lady who would be his inspiration, and to whom he would dedicate his valiant deeds, though he would never come physically close to her. This was the introduction of the concept of romantic love, which was to influence literature for many hundreds of years and which still lives on an a inferior form in simple popular songs and cheap novels today.In Renaissance Italy too, in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, a wealthy and leisured society developed an extremely complex code of manners, but the rules of behaviour of fashionable society had little influence on the daily life of the lower classes. Indeed many of the rules, such as how to enter a banquet room, or how to use a sword or handkerchief for ceremonial purposes, were irrelevant to the way of life of the average working man, who spent most of his life outdoors or in his own poor hut and most probably did not have a handkerchief, certainly not a sword, to his name.Yet the essential basis of all good manners does not vary. Consideration for the old and weak and the avoidance of harming or giving unnecessary offence to others is a feature of all societies everywhere and at all levels from the highest to the lowest. You can easily think of dozens of examples of customs and habits in your own daily life which come under this heading.Etiquette cultivated as an art of gracious living ______.has been typical of rich and leisured societiesadvocates that women are the same as menbegan in nineteenth-century Provencelooks down on extremely refined behaviourThe ideals of chivalry demanded that ______.a knight should never have physical relationships with womena knight should inspire his lady to valiant deedsa knight should dedicate his valiant deeds to a womanromantic people should influence literatureThe rules of etiquette in Renaissance Italy ______.were chiefly concerned with the correct use of one's sword or handkerchiefwere practiced by the majority of societydid not apply to a large section of societywere fairly simple to followThe average working man in fifteenth-century Italy ______.spent all his life outdoorsspent all his life in his own poor huthad better social manners than workers todaywas unlikely to have possessed a swordConsideration for the old and weak and the avoidance of giving unnecessary offence to others are ______.the essential basis of all systems of good mannersnot a universal feature of etiquettetaught to the lower classes by the upper classesoften neglected by polite societyPassage 2One day Mr Kerry was walking along the Strand in London, killing time, when his eye was caught by an enormous picture displayed upon the wall of a house. It represented a human figure covered with long, dark hair, with huge nails upon his hands and a most fearful expression. On coming nearer, he heard a man call out "Walk in, ladies and gentlemen, the most wonderful curiosity ever exhibited --only five pence the wild man from Africa -- he eats raw food, and many other pleasing and surprising performances." Mr kerry paid his money and was admitted. At first the crowd prevented his seeing anything, for the place was full to suffocation (窒息), and the noise awful. At last, Mr Kerry obtained, by means of squeezing and pushing, a place in the front, when to his horror, he saw a figure that was far worse than the portrait outside.It was a man, nearly naked, covered with long, shaggy hair, that grew even over his nose and cheekbones. He sprang about, sometimes on his feet, sometimes on all-fours, but always uttering the most fearful yells, and glaring upon the crowd in a manner that was really dangerous. Mr Kerry did not feel exactly happy at the whole proceeding, and began heartily to wish himself outside. Suddenly, the savage gave a more frightening scream than before and seized a piece of raw beef which a keeper extended to him on a long fork. This he tore to pieces eagerly, and ate in the most voracious (贪婪的) manner, among great clapping of hands and other evidence of satisfaction from the audience. "I'll go now," thought Mr Kerry, "for who knows whether, in his hungry moods, he might not fancy finishing his dinner with me." Just at this instant, some sounds struck his ear that surprised him.He listened more attentively and, to his amazement, found that among the most fearful cries and wild yells, the savage was talking Irish. Now, Mr Kerry had never heard of an African Irishman so he listened very closely, and by degrees, not only the words were known to him, but the very voice was familiar, so turning to the savage, he addressed him in Irish, at the same time fixing him with a severe look."Who are you " said Mr Kerry."Billy McCabe, sir.""And what do you mean by playing your tricks here, instead of earning your living like an honest man ""Well," said Billy, "I'm earning the rent to pay you. One must do many strange things to pay the kind of rent you charge."Mr Kerry was walking along the Strand because ______.he had nothing else to dohe was late for an appointmenthe was looking for something to dohe was reluctant to go homeInside the house, at first, Mr Kerry ______.was nearly suffocatedcould see nothingwas pushed aboutcouldn't hear anythingThe wild man gave the impression of being dangerous by ______.the way he movedthe way he dressedthe looks he gavethe cries he madeMr Kerry decided to leave the house because ______.he flt extremely frightenedhe was worried what might happenhe didn't wish to eat with the savagehe feared he might have a heart attackThe wild man surprised Mr Kerry by speaking Irish since ______.he was on show in Londonhe was a primitive savagehe previously spoke gibberishhe was thought to be AfricanPassage 3Having reached the highest point of our route according to plan, we discovered something the map had not told us. It was impossible to climb down into the Kingo valley. The river lay deep between mountain sides that were almost vertical. We couldn't find any animal tracks, which usually show the best way across country, and the slopes were covered so thickly with bushes that we could not see the nature of the ground. We had somehow to break through to the river which would give us our direction out of the mountains into the inhabited lowlands.Our guide cut a narrow path through the bushes with his long knife and we followed in single file. Progress was slow. Then, when we thought we had really reached the river, we found ourselves instead on the edge of a cliff with a straight drop of 1000 feet to the water below. We climbed back up the slope and began to look for another way down. We climbed, slipped, sweated and scratched our hands to pieces and finally arrived at the river. Happily we strode downhill along its bank without having to cut our way. However, after a few miles theriver entered a steep-sided gap between rocks and suddenly dropped thirty-five feet over a waterfall. There was no path alongside it and no way round it.Then one of the guides saw a way of overcoming the difficulty. There was a fallen tree lying upside down over the waterfall with its leafy top resting on the opposite bank below the falls. Without hesitation he climbed down the slippery trunk to show us how easy it was. Having got to the fork of the tree, he moved hand over hand along a branch for four or five feet with his legs hanging in space, then he dropped onto the flat bank on the other side, throwing his arms in the air like a footballer who has scored a goal, and cheerfully waving us on.Having reached the highest point on their route, the travelers expected to be able to ______.A. track animals to the riverB. put away the maps they had been usingC. approach the river from different directionD. get down to the river without much difficulty22.The travelers wanted to get to the river because ______.A. it would lead them to the waterfallB. it would show them which way to goC. it was the only possible route out of the mountainsD. it was a quicker route than going over the mountains23. One reason why the travelers took so long to get to the river was that ______.A. it was too hot to move quicklyB. there was no proper pathC. they all tried to go in different waysD. they could not follow the animal tracks24. The travelers were happy when they reached the river because ______.A. they had a sense of achievementB. the going was much easier thenC. they were eager to see the waterfallD. they knew they were near their destination25. To get past the waterfall the guide had to ______.A. use a fallen tree as a kind of bridgeB. cross the river above the waterfallC. slide down a steep river bankD. swing across the river from a high branchPassage 4Will you be watching 'Horizon' on Monday evening, or is that when you're down at the local HILARY MACASKILL suggests here that tuning in may be advisable.This week's Horizon: How Much Can You Drink Addresses itself to the practical issue of the dividing line between harmless normal drinking and the "serious drinking problem" that troubles an estimated 700 000 people in this country. Too much drinking can have terrible effects on health: in the next 12 months 10 000 people may die prematurely from the effects of drink. Advertisements can no longer characterize alcohol as beneficial. Guinness is not now projected as "good for you". Nevertheless, social drinkers cling hopefully to that scrap of half-remembered research that suggests that a little drink is good for you.Well, perhaps it is. Darts (a game) players can draw comfort from the evidence in the programme that hand shaking lessens after a few drinks. Though it must be added that next day's hand shaking was greater than normal. Moderate drinking, because of the effect of alcohol on the blood, may give some protection against heart disease.But people's bodies vary hugely in their reactions to alcohol. The less fortunate drinkers may get cirrhosis (a kind of disease) of the liver after a far smaller alcohol amount than another drinker.So how much can you drink The answer, if you are a woman, is less that a man. The reason is not another example of rough discrimination but that women, unfair though it may be, are more at risk from alcohol. Doctors recommend a daily limit of six units for a man, four units for a woman.That limit is the aim of those who attend Drink Watchers, formed 18 months ago, which works on similar lines to Weight Watchers. After an initial screening to ensure that they aren't physically damaged by alcohol, Drink Watchers meet weekly to analyze ant discuss the daily records they keep of their drinks. "The aim is to provide a social base as much as anything," says National co-ordinator Geraldine Wilson. "We replace the pub life with a different social life."Enjoying sensible drinking is the goal of Drink Watchers and Geraldine has some useful tips to help people stick to the limit: "Make the first drink a soft one to quench the thirst. Alternate alcohol with mineral water. Put the glass on the table between sips. Distance the glass so you have to make a conscious effort to reach it. Make one drink last 40 minutes. Most important, plan how much to drink in an evening, count the drinks and then stop."26. Based on what do you think this article is writtenA. A magazineB. A newspaperC. A medical journal.D. A TV program.27. Can alcohol ever be good for youA. Yes, in moderate amount.B. No, even in moderate amount.C. Maybe, in moderate amount.D. Never, even in moderate amount.28. How can Drink Watchers help youA. By checking your health.B. By providing social base.C. By helping you cut down on your drinking.D. All the above.29. What do you think the word "soft" in the third line of paragraph 7 meansA. gentleB. non-alcoholicC. mildD. calm30. Which of the following is NOT true according to the textA. 700 000 people in Britain are seriously affected by alcohol.B. 10 000 people are likely to die in the next year because of alcohol.C. Six units of beer for men and 4 units for women everyday is 'safe'.D. Different people react almost the same to alcohol.TranslationSection A From English into Chinese (15%)Directions: Translate the following three underlined parts from English into Chinese and write your translation on the answer sheet.People could land on Mars in the next 20 to 30 years provided scientists can find water on the red planet, the head of NASA's (美国国家宇航局) surface exploration mission said on September 16.Two partially solar-powered "robot geologists" -- Mars Exploration Rovers, or MERs –(机器人地质学者——火星探测漫游者) have been trundling across 3 miles of the planet and into craters since January, beaming back data about the makeup of what scientists believe is Earth's sister planet.1. Asked how long it could be before astronauts land on Mars, Arthur Thompson, mission manager for MER surface operations said, "My best guess is 20 to 30 years, if that becomes our primary priority."The two MER robots, dubbed Spirit and Opportunity, have found ancient evidence that water was once plentiful -- important for scientists hoping to know if there was once -- or could still be -- life on Mars.Without water, the dream of sending astronauts to the often dusty planet, which has rust-colored rocks and where the sky is red and sunsets are blue, couldn't unravel."If we cannot find water,it really makes it difficult to send humans. Water is the key," said Thompson, who was attending a mining engineers' conference.2. Such a mission would take 11 to 12 months to get to Mars and it would be impossible to carry enough water for the astronauts, plus the water needed to make rocket fuel for the return journey, to cool the spacecraft and to generate energy.Thompson said scientists had found a canyon on Mars "that makes the Grand Canyon look like a small canyon," where water could still be present."There are indications that there is actually water that seeps out the side of the canyon, and going down the side it evaporates. We believe it's an ongoing process," he said.3. Three satellites now orbiting Mars are constantly gathering information, and Thompson said, "If there is water, we believe the chances of finding life are greatly increased."Section B From Chinese into English (15%)Directions: Translate the following three underlined parts from Chinese into English and write your translation on the answer sheet.自从1843年第一张圣诞贺卡在伦敦印刷,销售以来,公务贺卡已经成为政治家们节日活动中不可缺少的一部分.1. 德高望众的亚伯拉罕•林肯(Abraham Lincoln)是第一位发现圣诞贺卡中蕴藏着政治效力的美国总统,在此过程中,圣诞老人的形象永远留在了人们心中.美国内战期间,奴隶们控制的南方政权与北方的联邦政府相抗衡,当时林肯总统要求政治漫画家托马斯•纳斯特在圣诞老人的画像上配上联邦军队,旨在鼓舞士兵的士气.托马斯•纳斯特是第一个让胖胖的圣诞老人穿上现在看来传统的红色外套和宽大皮带的人.2. 据说看到这个活泼可爱的家伙站在北方联邦军队一边,南方军队的士气大大的受挫.没过多久,他们就战败了.二战期间,同盟国政府同样用圣诞祝词来鼓舞占领区的战士们,幽默的贺卡给战士们带来了充满希望的援助.3. 事实上,正是从这个阶段开始,圣诞节寄贺卡的传统在美国总统中流传起来——至今他们都是世界上最认真的寄卡人之一.Writing(20%)Directions: You are going to write about 200 words on the following topic "Learning is a life-long profession". You are required to write in three paragraphs. Write your essay on the answer sheet.2005年秋季华中科技大学博士研究生英语入学考试试题I. Cloze (0.5x20=10%)Directions: In this part you are asked to choose the best word for each blank in the passage. Write your answers on the answer sheet.Today, the Tower of London is one of the most popular tourist (1) ___ and attracts over three million visitors a year. It was occasionally used as a Royal Palace for the Kings and Queens of England (2) ____ the time of James I who (3) ____ from 1603 to 1625, but is (4) ____ known as a prison and execution place. Within the walls of the Tower, princes have been murdered, traitors (5) ____, spies shot, and Queens of England beheaded. One of the most famous executions was that of Anne Boleyn in 1536. She was the second wife of Henry VIII. He wanted to (6) ____ her because she could not give him a son, so he accused her of adultery. She was tried and found guilty. She asked to be beheaded with a sword, (7) ____ the usual axe, which can still be seen in the Tower. The sword and executioner were (8) ____ over specially from France and with one (9) ____ the executioner cut off her head.The Tower was also the (10) ____ of one of London's most famous mysteries. King Edward IV died in 1843. His elder son, Edward, became king (11) ____ his father's death. Young Edward lived in the Tower, and the Duke of Gloucester, (12) ____ protector, persuaded Edward's brother, Richard, to come and live there so that they could play together. But then the Duke (13) ____ that he was the new king, and he was crowned instead of the twelve-year-old Edward, (14) ____ himself Richard III.After that, the boys were seen less and less and eventually disappeared. (15) ____ said that they were suffocated in bed by pillows being (16) ____ their mouths. It is believed that Richard ordered their deaths, (17) ____ it has never been proved. In 1674, workmen at the Tower discovered two (18) ____ which were taken away and buried in Westminster Abbey in 1678. The (19) ____ were examined in 1933 and were declared to be those of two children, (20) ____ the age of the Princes.1. A. seats B. scenes C. grounds D. sights2. B. until B. by C. to D. at3. A. reined B. reigned C. powered D. controlled4. A. hardly B. little C. best D. well5. A. ruined B. destroyed C. tortured D. wounded6. A. get the worst of B. get rid of C. get the best of D. get done with7. A. apart from B. besides C. together with D. rather than8. A. brought B. taken C. got D. won9. A. knock B. hit C. shot D. stroke10. A. spot B. scent C. place D. view11. A. on B. at C. with D. by12. A. their B. the C. his D. a13. A. announced B. published C. advertised D. revealed14. A. naming B. calling C. declaring D. giving15. A. That is B. This is C. They are D. It is16. A. forced into B. squeezed forth C. pressed over D. put on17. A. so that B. since C. as D. although18. A. skeletons B. boys C. remains D. dead bodies19. A. ashes B. bones C. corpses D. sketches20. A. definitely B. certainly C. roughly D. possiblyII. Reading comprehension (20x2=40%)Directions: There are four passages in this part. After each passage, there are five questions. You are to choose the best answer for each question. Write your answers on the answer sheet.Passage OneWe all know the situation----a good friend recommends you a restaurant and you are looking forward to a nice quiet dinner, but the meal turns out to be less peaceful than expected as you are joined, in sound, by a number of uninvited guests---- James Last, the Beatles, Mireille Mathieu, Mozart ---- depending on the landlord's fancy. You can count yourself lucky if you happen to like what you hear coming over the loudspeakers. But what about the customers who cannot stand James Last or simply want peace and quiet There is nothing they can do. Radio sets at home can be switched off, but not restaurant loudspeakers. Customers simply become the captive audience of sounds they do not want. Some wine bars in Austria, the home of café music, make a charge known as Schrammelmusik (music cover), which everyone has to pay. But the word is quite misleading ---- payment of the music toll gives no cover ---- quite the opposite.Music has become omnipresent. The selection in restaurants may still be a matter of chance, though it generally reflects nothing more than the doubtful taste of piped-music suppliers. However, in other areas music has long been a means of stepping up profits. An entire branch of industry thrives on this, assembling music by the most sophisticated methods with the customer in mind ---- department store music to produce a demonstrable increase in turnover; office music to improve the working atmosphere; airport and hotel music with its soothing effect; even cowshed music with its impact on milk production.These various forms of music, however different in function, have one thing in common ---- the way in which they are produced. The ancient, venerable concepts of composition and arrangement are naturally ruled out from the start. All musical extremes are deliberately debarred. The music issuing from department store loudspeakers must have a steady volume and avoid sudden effects, notes that are too high or too low and the human voice. With one exception ---- during the Christmas rush children's choirs may be heard encouraging sales by singing 'Silent Night', 'Jingle Bells' and so on.This music is more effective when turned low. The aim of this drizzle of canned sound is not conscious assimilation and it represents something quite new in the history of music. For thousands of years music was made to be listened to. But department store music is meant only to create a warm background. There is no contradiction in the fact that Mozart may sometimes find his way into department store music tapes, though his compositions were not meant as background jingles. But department store wallpaper music is not Mozart ---- it only appears to be. And anything unusual in classical composers, anything that lends character, is simply cut ---- development sections, accents, daring harmonies, provocative instrumentation. All we have left is a melody with no backbone which might just as well have come from a pop-song producer ---- plastic music as it were, whose components all sound exactly the same.The music is not meant to be listened to and that may explain the fact that, while we have associations and action groups against air pollution and the pollution of drinking water, so far no one has got up in arms about damage to our acoustic environment. And so our musical sensitivity will continue to be subtly and gently attacked by the piped music in department stores and offices ---- music which we hear without listening to. Its strategy takes advantage of one simple fact ---- you cannot just close your ears.21. Why does the author describe the customers as a 'captive audience'They usually like the music thrown at them.Because they can't escape the music.He wants to show how easy they are to please.Because they've paid a special charge called a 'music toll'.22. Piped music in restaurants is different from that heard in department stores because ____.it's usually very tastefulit's chosen very carefully by the ownerit tries to create a soothing atmosphereit doesn't aim to increase profits23. According to the writer, what does all piped music always avoidHappy songs.Certain instruments.Children's choirs.Any extremes.24. From what the writer says, it's reasonably clear that he or she ____.loves pop musiclikes music in public placesenjoys classical musicis keen on Christmas carols25. The writer of the passage would probably like to ____.join an 'air pollution action group'get rid of music just in restaurantsstart a movement against 'canned music'make people listen to the piped music in public placesPassage TwoThe teacher of reading is involved, whether this is consciously realized or not, in the development of a literate society. And every teacher, therefore, needs to determine what level of literacy is demanded by society, what role he or she should take in achieving the desired standard of literacy, and what the implications of literacy are in a world context.The Unesco report presents a world view of literacy. Too often we limit our thoughts to the relatively small proportion of illiterates in our own country and fail to see it in its international context.The problems facing developing nations are also facing industrialized nations. Literacy, as the report points out, is 'inextricably intertwined with other aspects of national development (and) national development as a whole is bound up with the world context'. Literacy is not a by-product of social and economical development - it is a component of that development. Literacy can help people to function more effectively in a changing environment and ideally will enable the individual to change the environment so that it functions more effectively.Literacy progammes instituted in different countries have taken and are taking different approaches to the problem: for example the involvement of voluntary non-governmental organizations, which underlines the importance of seeing literacy not as a condition imposed on people but as a consequence of active participation within society. People can learn from the attempts of other countries to provide as adequate 'literacy environment'.Who are the 'illiterates' and how do we define them At what point do we decide that illiteracy ends and literacy begins Robert Hillerich addresses these questions. An illiterate, he finds, 'may mean anything from one who has no formal schooling to one who has attended four years or less, to one who is unable to read or write at the level necessary to perform successfully in his social position.' Literacy, he points out, is not something one either has or has not got: 'Any definition of literacy must recognize this quality as a continuum, representing all degrees of development.'An educational definition - i.e. in terms of grades completed or skills mastered - is shown to be inadequate in that educationally defined mastery may bear only minimal relation to the language proficiency needed in coping with environmental demands. From a sociological / economic viewpoint the literacy needs of individuals vary greatly, and any definition must recognize the needs of the individual to engage effectively and to act with responsible participation.Such a broadened definition excludes assessment based on a 'reading-level type'; assessment must, rather, be flexible to fit both purpose and population.。