船舶常用热轧成型滑轮系列

[打印本页] 登录-> 注册-> 回复主题-> 发表主题cooler2392007-12-27 10:43一．职位及工种(Titles and type of work)1．船长Captain2．大副Chief officer3．二副Second officer4．三副Third officer5．四副Fourth officer6．水手长Boatswain7．水手Sailor & Seaman8．木匠Carpenter9．轮机长Chief engineer10．大管轮Second engineer11．二管轮Third engineer12．三管轮Fourth engineer13．机匠长Chief motorman15．机匠Fitter16．加油工Oil man17．大电Chief electrician18．电工Electrician19．车间主任Workshop director20．工长Section chief21．班长Fore man22．钳工Fitter23．主管工程师Engineer in charge24．机务&船东Superintendent &Super &Owner25．助理工程师Assistant engineer26．验船师（机）Register27．验船师（船）Surveyor28．油漆工Painter29．焊工Welder30．大橱Chief cook31．物料员Store keeper32．加油工Oiler33．机工Mechanic34．甲板员Deck man35．电线工Wireman36．外包工Laborer37．铸工Molder38．管子工Pipe fitter39．起重工Crane operator二、柴油机类(Words about diesel engine)1．主机Main engine2．二冲程柴油机Two-stroke diesel engine 3．四冲程柴油机Fore-stroke diesel engine 4．高速柴油机High speed diesel engine 5．中速柴油机Middle speed diesel engine 6．低速柴油机Low speed diesel engine 7．气缸盖(缸头) Cylinder head8．安全阀Safety valve9．释放阀Relief valve10．示功阀Indicator valve11．示功考克Indicator cock12．空气起动阀Air starting valve13．起动空气分配器Air starting distributor 14．油头(燃油喷射器) Fuel injector15．排气阀Exhaust valve16．气缸套Cylinder liner17．冷却水套Cooling water jacket18．气缸注油器Cylinder lubricator19．活塞Piston20．活塞头Piston crown21．活塞裙Piston skirt22．活塞销Piston gudgeon pin24．活塞杆Piston rod25．活塞环Piston ring26．活塞环槽Piston ring groove27．压缩环(气环) Compression ring28．刮油环(油环) Oil scraper ring29．减磨令Wear ring (copper ring) 30．伸缩管(水拉管) Telescopic pipe31．活塞冷却空间Piston cooling space32．填料箱(函) Stuffing box33．填料箱密封环Sealing ring for Stuffing box 34．填料箱压缩环Pressure ring for Stuffing box 35．填料箱刮油环Scraper ring for Stuffing box 36．扫气箱Scavenging receiver37．扫气口Scavenging port38．排气口Exhaust port39．十字头Cross head40．十字头销Crosshead pin41．十字头轴承Crosshead bearing42．十字头滑块Crosshead slipper43．滑块Guide shoe44．十字头导板Crosshead guide plate 45．连杆Connecting rod46．连杆大端轴承Bid end bearing47．连杆小端轴承Small end bearing48．曲柄轴承Crank bearing49．曲柄销Crank pin50．曲轴Crank shaft51．曲轴颈Crank journal52．曲柄臂Crank web53．拐档差Crank deflection54．主轴承Main bearing55．主轴颈Main journal56．轴承瓦Bearing bush57．上轴瓦Upper bearing bush58．上轴瓦Upper half59．下轴瓦Lower bearing bush60．下轴瓦Lower half61．推力轴承Thrust bearing62．推力块Thrust pad63．推力盘Thrust disc64．推力轴Thrust shaft65．底座Bed plate66．机架Frame67．曲柄箱Crank case68．曲柄箱导门Crank case door69．曲柄箱防爆门Explosion-proof Crank case. 70．定时齿轮Timing gear71．飞轮Flying wheel72．凸轮Cam73．凸轮轴Cam shaft74．喷油凸轮Fuel injection cam75．链条Chain76．链条轮Chain wheel77．链条箱Chain box78．推杆Push rod79．摇臂Rocker arm80．排气阀Exhaust valve81．吸气阀Suction valve82．排气总管Exhaust manifold83．进气总管Air inlet manifold84．高压燃油管High pressure fuel pipe 85．活塞冷却水管Piston cooling water pipe 86．法兰Flange87．贯穿螺栓Tie bolt (tie rod)88．端盖Side cover89．滑油泵Lubricating oil pump90．燃油泵Fuel oil pump91．滑油泵齿轮Gear for lubricating oil pump 92．燃油泵齿轮Gear for fuel oil pump 93．叶轮Impeller94．柱塞Plunger95．导杆Guide rod96．导套Sleeve97．滚动轴承Ball bearing98．滑动轴承Sliding bearing99．推力滚动轴承Thrust ball bearing 100．推力面Thrust surface (thrust side) 101．盘车机Turning gear102．增压器Turbocharger103．涡轮机(透平) Turbine104．涡轮Turbine wheel105．涡轮叶片Turbine blade106．喷嘴Nozzle107．废气叶轮Exhaust impeller108．废气叶轮片Exhaust blade109．废气端Exhaust side110．透平端Turbine side111．转子轴Rotor shaft112．油泵L.O. pump113．换向装置Reversing device114．换向伺服期Reversing servomotor 115．压气机(鼓风机) Blower116．膨胀接Expansion joint117．调速器governor118．飞重Flying weight119．补偿阀Compensate valve120．针阀Needle valve121．开口销Cotter pin122．轴封Shaft seal123．机械密封Machinery seal124．配电盘Switchboard125．应急配电盘Emergency switchboard126．应急发电机Emergency generator127．滤器Filter128．细滤器Filter129．粗滤器Strainer130．滑油滤器L.O. filter131．燃油滤器 F.O. filter132．空气消音器Air intake silencer132．空气滤器Air intake filter133．空气瓶Air bottle (receiver)134．分油机Separator135．油水分离器Water-oil separator136．净油机Purifier137．燃油净化器 F.O. purifier138．二氧化碳CO2139．二氧化碳瓶CO2 bottle140．正时齿轮Timing gear141．导向棒装置Guide bar142．注油器驱动Lubricator driver143．链条张紧装置Chain tightener144．凸轮轴传动轮Chain wheel on cam shaft 145．中间链链传动轮Intermediate chain wheel 146．注油器驱动装置Lubricator drive147．链条张紧装置Chain tightener148．滚筒导座Roller guide housing149．应急操纵台Emergency console150．力矩平衡器Moment compensator 151．主启动阀Main starting valve152．启动空气分配器Starting air distributor 153．喷油器Fuel valve154．扫气系统Scavenge air system155．安全帽Safety cap156．机座Bed plate157．轴向振动减振器Axial vibration damper 158．贯穿螺栓Arrangement of stay bolt 159．示功器驱动装置Indicator driver160．端罩End shields161．气缸架Cylinder frame162．气阀传动装置Valve operating device 163．摇臂润滑油泵Rocker arm lubricating oil pump 164．摇臂润滑油柜Rocker arm lubricating tank 165．摇臂润滑滤器Rocker arm lubricating filter三、船舶机械类(Words about marine machinery) 1．船用锅炉Marine boiler2．废气锅炉Exhaust boiler3．辅锅炉Donkey boiler4．组合式锅炉Combined boiler5．火管Fire tube6．给水管Feed pipe7．炉膛Furnace8．炉墙Furnace wall9．火侧Fire side10．水侧Water side11．燃烧器Oil burner12．安全阀Safety valve13．上排污Upper drain14．下排污Lower drain15．锅炉皮阀Mounting valve16．水位计Water level gauge17．压力表Pressure gauge18．主汽门Main steam valve19．玻璃管Glass tube20．空调装置Air-conditioning plant21．制冷装置Refrigerating plant22．冰机Fridge. Machine23．空气压缩机Air compressor24．造水机Fresh water generator25．板式冷却器Plate type cooler26．机舱天车Engine room crane27．天车导轨Crane rail28．电磁阀Solenoid valve29．舵机Steering gear30．舵承Rudder bearing carrier31．液压缸Hydraulic cylinder32．废气涡轮增压器Exhaust gas turbocharger 33．弹簧阀Spring loaded valve34．冷凝器Condenser35．分油器Oil separator36．轴带发电机Shaft generator37．焚烧炉Oil burner38．分油机Separator39．分离筒Separator bowl40．配水盘装置Paring disc device41．转数计Revolution counter42．控制阀Control valve43．辅机Auxiliary machinery 44．制冷装置Refrigerating plant 45．海水淡化装置Sea water desalting plant 46．热交换器Heat exchanger47．船用气瓶Marine air bottle48．冷风机Cooler unit49．防水风门Fire damper50．气密挡板Gas tight damper51．排气风机Exhaust fan52．舱室通风机Cabin fan53．机舱通风机Engine room fan54．应急鼓风机Emergency blower四、阀门(Words about valve)1．吸气阀Suction valve2．排气阀Exhaust valve3．控制阀Control valve4．导阀Pilot valve5．单向阀Non-return valve6．口琴阀Flap valve7．调节阀Regulating valve8．液压阀Hydraulic valve9．膨胀阀Expansion valve10．给水阀Feed valve11．排水阀Discharge valve12．截止阀Stop valve13．吹泄阀Blow-off valve14．空气阀Air valve15．泄放阀Drain valve16．止回阀Check valve17．海底阀Sea valve18．回流阀Retune valve19．节流阀Throttle valve20．进气阀Inlet valve21．出气阀Outlet valve22．热力阀Thermal valve23．中央阀Center valve24．单向阀One way valve25．二通阀Two way valve26．三通阀Triple valve27．旁通阀By-pass valve28．换向阀Change-over valve 29．减压阀Pressure-reducing valve 30．溢流阀Overflow valve31．自闭阀Self-locking valve32．针阀Needle valve33．平衡阀Balance valve34．循环阀Circulation valve35．主阀Main valve36．滑阀Slide valve37．蝶阀Butter-fly valve38．截止阀Shut-off valve39．闸板阀Gate valve40．通海阀Sea suction valve 41．吹除阀Sea chest cleaning valve 42．防浪阀Storm valve43．舱壁阀Bulkhead valve44．快关阀Emergency shut off valve 45．呼吸阀Breather valve五、泵类(Words about pump)1．电动泵Motor-driven pump2．柱塞泵Plunger pump3．叶片泵Vane pump4．回转泵Rotary pump5．齿轮泵Gear pump6．往复泵Reciprocating pump7．离心泵Centrifugal pump1．电动泵Motor-driven pump2．柱塞泵Plunger pump3．叶片泵Vane pump4．回转泵Rotary pump5．齿轮泵Gear pump6．往复泵Reciprocating pump7．离心泵Centrifugal pump8．真空泵Vacuum pump9．螺杆泵Screw pump10．喷射泵Ejector pump11．冷却泵Cooling pump12．淡水泵Fresh water pump 13．海水泵Sea water pump14．给水泵Feed water pump 15．循环泵Circulating pump 16．锅炉给水泵Boiler feed pump 17．卫生水泵Sanitary pump18．压载泵Ballast pump19．舱底泵Bilge pump20．污水泵Sewage pump21．燃油泵Fuel pump22．高压油泵High pressure pump 23．底压油泵Low pressure pump 24．驳运泵Transfer pump25．增压泵Booster pump26．消防泵Fire pump27．通用泵G.S. pump28．旋涡泵Regenerative29．蜗壳泵Volute pump30．导叶泵Diffuser pump31．单联泵Simplex pump32．双联泵Duplex pump33．多联泵Multiplex pump 34．活塞泵Piston pump35．减摇泵Anti-roll pump36．总用泵General service pump 37．应急消防泵Emergency fire pump 38．扫舱泵Stripping pump 39．货油泵Cargo oil pump 40．滑油泵Lubricating oil pump六、甲板机械类（Deck machinery）1．锚机Windlass2．锚机轴Windlass shaft3．刹车带Brake lining4．离合器Clutch5．锚链轮Anchor Chain wheel 6．轴承瓦Bearing bush7．轴承盖Bearing cover8．绞揽机Capstan9．系揽绞车Mooring winch10．卷缆车Reel11．钢丝绳Wire rope12．卡环Shackle13．缆绳Mooring rope14．滑轮Block15．刹车装置Brake device 16．制链器Anchor chain stopper 17．舱盖滚轮Hatch cover wheel 18．舱盖铰链Hatch cover hinge 19．液压油缸Hydraulic jack 20．起货机Cargo winch21．可令吊Crane22．生活吊Accommodation crane 23．吊杆Derrick boom24．桅杆Mast25．救生艇Lifeboat26．艇架Davit27．艇机Lifeboat capstan 28．救生筏Life raft29．救生衣Life jacket七、工具类(Word about tools) 1．车床Lathe2．刨床Planing machine 3．钻床Drill machine4．砂轮机Grinding machine 5．磨床Grinder6．铣床Milling machine 7．镗床Boring machine 8．手锤Engineer’s hammer 9．冲击板手Impact wrench 10．板手Spanner11．活络板手Screw spanner 12．梅花板手Ring spanner13．呆扳手Open spanner15．套筒板手Socket spanner16．管子钳Pipe spanner17．螺丝刀Screw driver18．钢丝钳Wire pliers19．尖嘴钳Long nose pliers20．钢锯Hack saw21．剪刀Scissors22．手电筒Torch23．扁铲(凿子) Chisel24．锉刀File25．丝攻Thread tap26．板牙Thread die27．绞刀Reamer28．刮刀Scraper29．油石Oil stone30．拔子(拉马) Puller31．沙布Emery cloth32．破布Rag33．卷尺Measuring tape34．空心冲Hole punch35．样冲Joint punch36．油壶Oil gun37．牛油枪Grease gun38．手电钻Handle drill39．钻头Drill40．液压千斤Hydraulic jack.41．塞尺Feeler gauge42．游标卡尺Vernier caliper43．外卡尺Outside calipers44．内卡尺Inside calipers45．螺纹量规Screw gauge46．桥规Bridge gauge47．电焊机Electrode welding machine 48．气焊机Gas welding machine 49．电焊钳Electric welding pliers 50．气割枪Cutting touch51．电焊条Electric soldering iron 52．电工刀Electrician knife53．电笔Test pen54．剥线钳Wire stripping pliers 55．圆规Compass56．量表Gauge57．拐档表Crank deflection gauge58．深度规Depth gauge59．千分表Micrometer gauge60．台虎钳Table vice61．柴油Diesel oil62．滑油Lubricating oil63．液压油Hydraulic oil64．重油Heavy oil65．燃油Fuel oil66．黄油Grease67．螺栓Bolt68．螺帽Nut69．垫片Washer70．研磨沙Grinding sand71．研磨膏Grinding paste72．石棉板Asbestos plate73．青壳纸Fish paper74．盘根Packing75．细钢丝Thin steel wire76．密封圈Rubber seal ring77．塑料管Plastic pipe78．胶皮管Rubber hose79．电灯泡Electric bulb80．工作灯Working lamp81．插头Electric plug82．插座Electric socket.93．喷砂机Sand blaster outfit94．空气马达Air motor95．油柜清洁器Tank cleaning machine96．高压冲水机High pressure hose for hydraulic97．真空泵Vacuum pump98．套筒扳手组Socket wrench set99．深头套筒Deep socket wrench100．套筒扳手Box wrench101．单开口扳手Single open end wrench102．双开口扳手Double open end wrench103．转矩扳手Torque wrench104．电动机扳手Motor wrench105．侧剪钳Slide cutting plier106．活节钳Combination plier107．可调快速扳手Speed wrench108．螺丝起子Screwdriver109．偏向螺丝起子Offset screw110．六角螺帽起子组Hexagon nut drivers set 111．手摇钻Straight hand drill 112．手工锯Hacksaw frame113．锯片Hacksaw blade114．砂纸Silicon paper115．手拉葫芦Chain block116．高压管High pressure hose117．液压千金顶Hydraulic jack118．锤子Hammer119．平錾Cold chisel120．活动扳手Adjustable wrench121．螺丝刀Screwdriver122．侧剪铗Side cutting hipper123．螺栓剪Cable cutter124．敲击管钳Rap wrench125．砂轮Grinding wheel126．老虎钳Utility vise127．直梯Straight ladder128．踏梯Step ladder129．平台推车Platform trunk130．搬平车Gas cylinder carrier131．给油机Grease lubricator132．强力油泵Heavy duty pump oiler 133．油壶Oil jag134．麻花钻Twist drill135．绞刀Pin reamer136．旋转中心钻Rolling center137．外径测微计Outside micrometer with counter 138．六折式尺Six-folding rule139．弹性带尺Convex rule140．不锈钢直尺Stainless steel straight rule 141．平面规Surface gauge142．平行直角定规Precision flat try square 143．温度计Thermometer八、常用物料(Material in common use)1．阀研磨剂valve grinding compound2．电焊条steel electrode3．气焊条Steel welding wire4．细钢丝绳Seizing wire5．刚焊条Steel welding rod6．紫铜管Copper tube7．乙炔气瓶Acetylene cylinder8．木屑Saw dust9．水泥Cement10．石灰Lime11．帆布手套Canvas glove12．垫片Gasket.13．氧气瓶Oxygen cylinder14．抹布Rag15．垫隙片Shim16．电线Wire17．电缆Electric cylinder18．电池Rag19．灯泡Bulb20．胶布Insulating tape21．插头Plug22．插座Socket23．保险丝Fuse24．不锈钢Stainless steel25．铸铁Cast iron26．黄铜Brass27．青铜Bronze28．铝合金Aluminium alloy29．橡胶Rubber30．石棉Asbestus31．低碳钢Soft steel32．高碳钢High-carbon steel33．合金钢Alloy steel34．木材Wood35．塑料Plastic36．球墨铸铁Nodular iron九、常用紧固件(Part of fixation in common use) 1．螺栓Bolt2．螺丝Screw3．螺母Nut4．方头螺栓Sq head bolt5．埋头螺栓Counter sunk head screw 6．套筒螺栓Socket head bolt7．定位螺栓Set screw8．十字接头Cross9．锥形销Taper pin10．锁紧螺母Lock nut11．六角头螺栓Hex head bolt十、常用油类(Oil in common use)1．汽油Gas oil2．煤油Kerosene3．润滑油Lubricating oil4．汽缸油Cylinder oil5．压缩机油Compressor oil6．齿轮油Gear oil7．机油Motor oil8．凡士林Vaseline9．燃油Fuel oil10．油脂Grease11．柴油Diesel oil十一、常用量词(Quantifier in common use) 1．件，只，个Piece2．条，张，片Sheet3．双Pair4．套，组，副Set.5．盒Box6．箱Case7．瓶Bottle8．米Meter9．厘米Centimeter10．毫米Millimeter11．公斤Kilogram12．克Gram13．公升Liter14．平方Square15．袋Bag16．码Yard17．吨Ton18．磅Pound19．加仑Gallon20．立方Cubic十二、国家名称(Name of country)1．中国China2．美国American3．日本Japan4．英国Britain5．法国France6．德国German7．韩国South Korea8．希腊Greece9．泰国Thailand10．印度India11．挪威Norway12．俄罗斯Russia13．新加坡Singapore14．澳大利亚Australia15．伊朗Iran16．丹麦Denmark17．加拿大Canada18．丹麦Denmark19．芬兰Finland20．巴基斯坦Pakistan21．意大利Italy十三、常用缩语(abbreviation in common use) 1．主机M/E2．付机A/E3．阀V/V4．泵P/P5．备车St/by6．完车 F.W.E.7．前进三FAHD8．微速后退 D.S.Ast9．前进二H.Ahd10．高压H.P.11．低压L.P.12．重油/柴油H.O./D.O.13．前后F/A14．左舷P: port15．无人机舱UMS16．自动Auto17．气缸Cyl18．燃油柜 19．滑油柜20．沉淀柜.21．排出Disc22．吸入Suct23．柴油柜 十四、船用动态常用单词(marine tends word)1．停靠Alongside2．接近Approach3．停泊Berth4．浮筒Buoy5．码头Pier6．港口Port7．移泊Shift8．航次Voyage9．试验Try10．值班Watch11．航行Sail十五、船舶机电设备操作词汇(manipulate of marine equipment) 1．调整Adjust2．压载Ballast3．转换Change over4．清洁Clean5．联接Connect6．排放压载Deballast7．放残水Drain8．卸载Off9．油漆Paint10．接通Put on11．吹灰Soot blown12．开始Start13．顶端Top14．洗Wash15．吹Blow16．检查Check17．铲Chip18．断开Cut out19．排放Discharge20．除垢Descale21．检验Examine22．受载On(load)23．用泵排出Pump out24．调整Set25．停止Stop26．调驳Transfer27．加满Top up十六、故障常用单词(words about malfunction) 1．失常的Abnormal2．烧坏Burn3．堵塞Clog4．裂缝Crack5．变形Deform6．毁坏Destroy7．磨损Wear8．出故障In trouble9．敲击Knock10．松开Loose11．不对中Misalign12．不足的Insufficient13．失灵Out of order14．过载Overload15．过度磨损Over-worn16．尺寸过大Oversized17．尺寸过小Under-sized18．振动Vibrate19．不平的Uneven20．不准确Inaccurate21．全船断电Black out22．出故障Fail23．关掉Shut off 24．弯曲Bend 25．停车Break drown 26．腐蚀Corrode 27．腐蚀的Corrosive 28．损坏Damage 29．有毛病的Faulty 30．有缺陷的Defective 31．破裂Fracture 32．卡住Jam33．漏泄Leak34．漏泄的Leaky 35．融化Melt36．噪声Noise 37．过热Overheat 38．咬住Seize 39．紧的Tight40．松的Loosen 41．发现Find42．停止Stop43．脏的Dirty 44．油污的greasy 45．失效的ineffective 46．椭圆形的oval 47．点不着火misfire 48．接错misjoin 49．放错misplace 50．老化perish 51．麻点pit52．凸起ridge 53．划伤score 54．拉痕scuff十七、保养检修常用词汇(Words about maintain and examination) 1．卡死Blind2．用卡钳量Caliper3．关闭Close4．解体Disassemble5．安装Fix6．组装Box up7．检验Check8．拆卸Dismantle9．装配Fit10．紧固Fasten11．测量Gauge12．安装Install13．测量Measure14．打开Open15．上油漆Paint16．换新Renew17．上紧Tighten18．洗Wash19．涂油脂Grease20．松开Loosen21．加油Oil22．检修Overhaul23．重新组装Reassemble24．测取读数Take reading25．拧开螺栓Unbolt26．抽出Withdraw十八、常用数字(Numeral in common use)一One二Two三Three四Four五Five六Six七Seven八Eight九Nine十Ten十一Eleven十二Twelve十三Thirteen十四Fourteen十五Fifteen十六Sixteen十七Seventeen十八Eighteen十九Nineteen二十Twenty三十Thirty四十Forty五十Fifty六十Sixty七十Seventy八十Eighty九十Ninety百Hundred千Thousand万Ten thousand 百万Million第一First第二Second第三Third第四Fourth第五Fifth第六Sixth第七Seventh第八Eighth第九Ninth第十Tenth第十一Eleventh第十二Twelfth第二十Twentieth十九、时间、季节与方向(Time、Season and Direction)1．星期一Monday2．星期二Tuesday3．星期三Wednesday4．星期四Thursday5．星期五Friday6．星期六Saturday7．星期日Sunday8．春季Spring9．夏季Summer10．秋季Autumn11．冬季Winter12．一月January13．二月February14．三月March15．四月April16．五月May17．六月June18．七月July19．八月August20．九月September21．十月October22．十一月November23．十二月December24．小时Hour25．分钟Minute26．秒Second27．月Month28．天Day29．夜Night30．周Week31．早晨、上午Morning32．下午Afternoon33．傍晚Evening34．正午Noon35．今天Today36．昨天Yesterday37．明天Tomorrow38．前天The day before yesterday 39．后天The day after tomorrow 40．本周This week41．上周Last week42．下周Next week43．九月十日Sep.10th44．去年Last year45．明年Next year46．上周二Last Tuesday47．下周一Next Monday48．东East49．西West50．南South51．北North52．西北Northwest53．东北Northeast54．东南Southeast55．西南Southwest56．世纪Century二十、常用词组（Phrases in common use）1．发现已无法修复found beyond repair2．发现尺寸过大found over-sized3．发现反应缓慢found slow function4．发现不正常found out of order5．发现不合标准found not up to standard6．发现不准确found inaccurate7．发现失去作用found out of function8．发现轧住found seized9．发现过热found overheated10．发现过度磨损found excessive wear11．发现过度磨掉found worn out12．发现有一点倾斜found a little bit inclined13．发现不正常found abnormal14．发现因过热而损坏found destroyed by overheating 15．发现龟裂found chapped16．发现塌陷found collapsed17．发现运转失灵found out of operation18．发现呈椭圆形found oval19．发现拉痕found scored20．发现拉毛found scuffed21．发现变形found deformed22．发现松动found loose23．发现油污found greasy24．发现肮脏found dirty25．发现咬住found stuck26．发现挤压found squeezed27．发现弯曲found bent28．发现故障found faulty29．发现损坏found damaged30．发现破碎成片found broken to pieces 31．发现部分剥离found partly detached 32．发现部分堵塞found partly choked 33．发现剧烈震动found violent vibration 34．发现烧坏found burnt35．发现断裂found fractured36．发现接地found earthed37．发现敲缸found knocking38．发现溶化found melted away39．发现泄漏found leaking (found leaky) 40．发现冻结found stuck fast by icing 41．发现锈蚀found rusty42．发现失效found ineffective43．发现故障found out of order 44．发现结霜found frosted45．发现丢失found lost46．发现出故障found in trouble47．发现失灵found out of order 48．发现失灵found out of action 49．发现不一致found out of operation 50．发现错位found out of place二十一、常用动词和例句(Verb in common use and example)1．借borrow我要向你借这份图纸I want to borrow the drawing from you.我可以向你借这个手锤吗?May I borrow the hammer from you?2．裂break阀杆断裂了The valve spindle is broken.滚动轴承断裂成碎片了The ball bearing are broken to pieces.3．加强build up叶轮应该堆焊The impeller should be built up by welding.4．烧burn电动机烧了The motor is burnt.5．进行carry out应进行负载试验The load test should be carried out.6．吹blow管子必须用压缩空气吹清The pipe should be blown with compressed air.7．铸cast按原样铸造一个Cast one piece as per sample.8．引起cause损坏是有剧烈振动引起的The damage was caused by violent vibration.9．倒角chamfer油槽须倒角Oil groove is to be chamfered.法兰切削后须倒角The flange should be chamfered after being machined. 10．换掉change把它们换掉,否则我拒绝验收Have them changed, otherwise I refuse to accept them. 11．龟裂chap轴瓦上的白合金龟裂了The white metal on the bearing bush is chapped. 12．核查check用桥规核查主轴承Check the main bearing with bridge gauge.修理前后要核查拐档差Check the crankshaft deflection before and after repair.13．清洁clean装前须清洁Clean it before fit back.14．阻塞clog燃油滤器阻塞了The fuel filter is clogged.15．涂漆coat用红丹涂管子Coat the pipe with red lead.泵壳里涂防护漆The pump casing is to be coated with anti-fouling. 16．完成complete finish你什么时候能完成修理工作?When can you complete (finish) the repair job? 17．连接connect把电动机和淡水泵连接起来Connect the motor with the fresh water pump 18．腐蚀corrode泵壳和叶轮均有腐蚀The pump casing and impeller are corroded. 19．盖cover请把所有卸下的部件盖起来Please cover all the removed parts.20．裂二号缸头裂开穿透至冷却水空间No.2 cylinder head is cracked.21．吊crane把液压马达吊上岸去修理Crane the hydraulic motor ashore for repair. 22．割cut把底座割掉Cut off the bedplate.23．损坏damage滚动轴承严重损坏The ball bearings are seriously damaged.24．脱落detach白合金部分脱落了The white metal is partly detached.25．查看detect查看氟里昂系统有无泄漏Detect the Freon system for leakage.26．解体disassemble解体,清洁并检查高压油泵Disassemble, clean and check the H.P. fuel pump.27．脱开disconnect把起动空气管脱开Disconnect the starting air pipe.将发电机与原动机脱开。

2022年船舶钳工高级工培训考试题库(含答案)一、单选题1 .测量温度的仪表可分为两大类，接触式、非接触式，以下不属于接触式为()A、玻璃管液体温度计B、压力计式温度计C、红外线测温仪D、热电偶答案：C2.Y7131型齿轮磨床分度机构完成分度运动后，由()机构操纵工作台反向，机床工作循环又重新开始。

A、行星B、旗式操纵C、差动D、带传动答案：B3.由于磨床工作台低速爬行，砂轮主轴的轴向窜动，砂轮主轴轴线与工作台导轨不平行等因素，磨削时工件表面会产生有规律的()。

A、网纹B、直波纹C、螺旋波纹D、横波纹答案：C4.钢丝绳排列整齐，不应有跳槽、挤压绳等现象，保证有足够的安全圈数且不得少于()整圈。

A、1B、2C、3D、 4答案：C5.公差配合应优先选择常用配合，不属于基轴制优先常用配合的是()A、S7/h7B、E8/h7C、D9/h9D、H11/h11答案：B6.柴油机十字头销与轴承的接触角度一般为()。

A、90°〜120°B、60°〜90°C、60°〜180°D、30°〜90°答案：A7.滚动轴承是专业厂成批或大量生产的标准部件，在出厂时其内径和外径均已确定。

轴承内圈与轴的配合为基孔制。

按轴承制造时的标准规定，轴承内径尺寸只有()偏差，其偏差值也与通用标准的基准轴不同。

A、绝对B、正C、负D、无答案：C8.起动离心泵时，可关闭()，以使电机的功率最小。

A、吸入阀B、排出阀C、旁通阀答案：B9.标准麻花钻主切削刃上各点处的后角大小不相等，越接近中心越大，其值约为 ()度。

A、20〜26B、26〜30C、30〜36D、36〜40答案：A10.为了保证柴油机经济而可靠地工作，其冷却水出口温度在数值上应().A、接近允许下限值B、取允许值中值C、接近允许上限值D、接不同工况而异答案：C11.在开启水压机操作阀门前，必须同()取得联系，缓慢开启。

船体修理中常见问题及处理方法船舶是人类发展历史中重要的交通工具之一。

在运输、贸易、旅游等领域都发挥着重要作用。

但是，由于船舶使用环境的特殊性，纵使船舶结构设计再高超精细，也难免在使用中出现各种问题。

而船体修理是保证船舶长时间安全运营的必要措施。

本文将从船体修理的常见问题和处理方法两个方面进行分析。

1、船体表面生锈由于海水和氧气等元素的作用，船身表面常常会发生氧化反应，形成铁锈。

若不及时清理，铁锈层逐渐逐深逐重，最终形成锈蚀，导致损伤严重，进而导致船体的进水漏油等安全问题。

2、船体变形船体变形是指船体破损或者是外部随机干扰等原因导致的板材、框架变形影响船舶质量和安全。

此外，长时间的使用、过载过载和大力碰撞等因素也容易导致船体的变形。

3、失渗漏船舶的很多元件都经过加工成型，封装良好，因此失渗漏的问题主要源于船体的密封性能不佳，造成船体内部积水水位过高，对货物、设备和人员等商业利益造成经济损失，并可能对船舶本身造成安全威胁。

4、船舶划伤船舶在停靠码头、卸货时，由于深度不够、海况恶劣等因素，容易造成船体膜拜、推动物、货轮滑轮相碰等各种伤害，还有可能与其它船舶或海洋中的障碍物擦伤，产生划痕和划伤等问题。

1、船体表面生锈首先应对船体表面进行清洗，包括喷砂清洗、高压水流清洗和机械清洗等方法，使表面铁锈和杂质彻底去除。

接着对表面涂层进行处理，选择适当的腐蚀性涂料，施工均匀后进行烘烤固化，以确保表面得到有效的防腐防锈保护。

要进行船舶变形的维护，首先必须做到精细的测量。

通过采用轮轨本体法等方法，对船体进行全面测量，以便精确了解船体的变形程度。

然后，确定变形过程，配合机器吊具进行拆卸，将破损船体板件进行更换并加固，保证船舶正常使用和运营。

对失渗漏的问题分析，针对对应的泄漏口进行维修。

维修首先必须对漏洞进行定位，接下来进行研磨、清洗及上涂等步骤，达到防水的效果。

如果漏洞已经相对较大，可以通过焊接来修补漏洞，保证船体正常运营。

1、440C钢在硬度58HRC的前提下，耐磨度为0.5，韧度为1.25，防锈性为7.4。

2、BG42钢在硬度60HRC的前提下，耐磨度为2，韧度为1.25，防锈性为7.6。

3、3V钢在硬度63HRC的前提下，耐磨度为1.5，韧度为4，防锈性为8。

4、10V钢在硬度63HRC的前提下，耐磨度为5.25，韧度为1，防锈性为5.8。

5、ZDP189钢在硬度68HRC的前提下，耐磨度为4，韧度为1，防锈性为6。

6、20CV钢在硬度60HRC的前提下，耐磨度为3，韧度为1.25，防锈性为10。

7、M2钢在硬度63HRC的前提下，耐磨度为1.2，韧度为1，防锈性为1。

8、A11钢在硬度63HRC的前提下，耐磨度为10，韧度为1.1，防锈性为1。

9、154CM钢在硬度60HRC的前提下，耐磨度为0.9，韧度为1.21，防锈性为7.7。

10、ATS34钢在硬度60HRC的前提下，耐磨度为1.1，韧度为1.25，防锈性为6.8。

11、S30V钢在硬度60HRC的前提下，耐磨度为1.5，韧度为1.23，防锈性为8。

常用刀具钢材特性“不锈钢”这个词常常让人误解，因为事实上没有钢材是不生锈的，生锈会在钢材上留下污点，并使刀具状态欠佳。

熔炼时在钢材中加入铬，并降低碳的含量，就可以使其成为“不锈钢”。

有些专家认为，不锈钢的表现具有矛盾性：增多铬减少碳能增强抗锈能力，但也使刀刃更难于打磨锋利，刀锋持久性也会降低。

但我们发现多数的不锈钢刀刃能够于其它材料的刀刃一样锋利，且持久性也一样。

7Cr17Mo系列军工钢材）：含碳（C）0.68-0.75%、含铬（Cr）16.7-17.5%，含钼（Mo）0.5%等成份组成；经过油淬火处理后，硬度可达到58-60HRC。

该钢质系列产品特点：更坚硬更锋利、持久、防锈、韧性高420J2: （Cold Stee公司出品）由于其低碳高铬的组成，是这种钢材成为制作坚韧抗震刀刃的决佳选择，同时还具有很好的抗腐蚀能力与不错的刀锋保持性。