武汉市农民工参与体育健身的制约因素与提升对策研究

分类号 TP309 密 级 U D C 编 号

硕 士 学 位 论 文 武汉市农民工参与体育健身的制约因素与提升对策研究

研究生姓名 ： 胡炼 学号 ： 指导教师姓名、职称 ： 专业类别（领域） ： 计算机技术

二〇一八年五月 论文原创性声明 本人郑重声明：所呈交的学位论文，是本人在导师指导下，独立进行研究工作所取得的研究成果。除文中已经标明引用的内容外，本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的研究成果。对本文的研究做出贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中以明确方式标明。本声明的法律结果由本人承担。

学位论文作者（签名）： 年 月 日 武汉市农民工参与体育健身的制约因素与提升对策研究

I 摘 要 目前，从农村持续走向城市的农名工给不仅给我国全民健身运动带来了极大的挑战，也为政府部门发展民生政策提出了亟待解决的课题。同时，作为弱势群体，“民工潮”的涌现，给我国社会的政治、经济、文化等方面均带来了不同程度的影响，为了保证全民健身运动的开展，改变我国特色社会主义在发展中存在的各种不平衡现状，全面构建国家民主法治和公平正义的社会，就必须要从根本上正视在目前城市化进程中出现的农民工的体育健身问题。而武汉市作为中国内陆发展最快城市之一，在“1+6”城市空间格局发展的同时，涌进了很多农民工，共同帮助武汉市发展，出现了很多的农民工问题，尤其是以体育健身为主。 为此，本人在继承前人研究基础上，致力于研究武汉市农民工参与体育健身的问题，采用问卷调查法、文献资料法、访谈法、数理统计法等研究方法，研究了农民工体育的理论基础：差异公民理论、共生理论、新公共服务理论、可持续发展理论等，阐释农民工体育与建设体育强国的关系，重点通过问卷与访谈调查，分析武汉市农民工人口体育现状及农民工体育运动的相关情况，分析制约武汉市农民工参与体育运动的有利条件及制约因素，在此基础上，提出了武汉市农民工参与体育运动的优势及改善的措施，分别是调整农民工“体育文化失衡”现象，尝试取消户籍制度、在社会支持系统下开展农民工体育运动、建立完善体育健身服务体系，发展联合型体育发展模式、使农民工的城市归宿感与自我认同感得到提升等。通过此次研究，可以看出武汉市农民工的数量急剧增加，主要集中在，建筑行业、服务行业、个体等行业，在调查中发现参与调查的这些农名工积极参与体育健身的人数只有11.7%，并且，年龄主要以中青年为主，学历主要以小学文化程度和初中文化为主，月收入基本在2001-4000元之间，体育参与意识比较单淡薄，缺乏必要的锻炼方式。同时，该市关于农民工的全民健身的宣传力度和普及程度也亟待提高，供他们锻炼的场所非常少，这些都制约了武汉市农民工的体育活动形式，使得他们游离在城市和农村的边缘。而在本文看来，尽管影响武汉市农民工参与体育的因素是多方面的，但是，必须要寻求外界的引导和支持，尤其是武汉市的政府部门，必须要坚持和社会应该走经济、实用的路线，发挥更大的作用。只有这样，才能帮助这些农民工积极的参与和享受城市发展所带来的体育健身机会。

关键词: 教育程度；健康状况；幸福感；影响因素；建议 武汉市农民工参与体育健身的制约因素与提升对策研究 II Abstract Migrant workers are a new group born in the process of urbanization of our country . Because of their special existence forms , they become the " edge person " of the whole people ' s fitness project . As a vulnerable group , there is no explanation about the sports of migrant workers . As a vulnerable group , the emergence of the " civil engineering tide " has brought various influences on the political , economic and cultural aspects of our society , especially their great contribution to the construction of the city . Therefore , it is an important social problem to solve such a huge group to realize sports life in the city , and it is urgent to solve it . Taking the investigation of the status quo of migrant workers' participation in physical fitness in Wuhan as the subject, the paper studies the theoretical basis of migrant workers' sports: the theory of differential citizenship, using the methods of questionnaire, literature, interview, mathematical statistics and so on. Symbiosis theory, new public service theory, sustainable development theory and so on, explain the relationship between migrant workers' sports and the construction of sports power, especially through questionnaire and interview survey, This paper analyzes the present situation of the population and sports of migrant workers in Wuhan and the related situation of the sports of migrant workers, and analyzes the favorable conditions and restrictive factors that restrict the participation of migrant workers in sports in Wuhan. On the basis of this, the paper puts forward the participation of migrant workers in sports in Wuhan. The advantages and improvement measures of the movement are to adjust the phenomenon of "unbalance of sports culture" of migrant workers, try to abolish the household registration system, carry out the sports of migrant workers under the social support system, establish a perfect sports fitness service system and develop a joint sports development model, so as to improve the sense of home and self identity of farmers and peasant workers. Wait. Through this study, we can see that the number of migrant workers in Wuhan has increased sharply, mainly in the construction industry, service industry, electronics and other industries. The number of these farmers who actively participate in sports and fitness is only 11.775, and, The age is mainly young and middle-aged, the academic background is mainly primary school education and junior high school 武汉市农民工参与体育健身的制约因素与提升对策研究 III culture, the monthly income is between 2001-4000 yuan, the sports participation consciousness is relatively weak, lacks the necessary exercise way. At the same time, the propaganda and popularization of the national fitness of migrant workers in the city need to be improved urgently, and the places for them to exercise are very few. All these restrict the migrant workers in Wuhan. In the form of sports activities, they drifted away from the edge of the city and the countryside. In this paper, it seems that the physical fitness situation of migrant workers in Wuhan should be improved, but under the current situation, blind input, the effect is bound to be very little, can not achieve the desired results. Moreover, although there is not a low demand for sports life for migrant workers in the city, the prerequisite for meeting this demand is not the availability of sports resources, but their lack of time, energy and economic base. If this factor is excluded, Even if the government spends more effort, it may not be able to solve the current problem of migrant workers' physical fitness. However many government departments do, it is difficult to get migrant workers to participate in the sports of the best migrant workers. More crucially, migrant workers Sports fitness is related to the social and political issues of migrant workers' identity orientation and protection of rights and interests. Due to the quality and concept of migrant workers themselves, there is a big difference between the existing sports items in cities and the rural areas. Their own lack of sports fitness awareness and knowledge, resulting in their participation in sports is low. Therefore, there are many factors that affect the participation of migrant workers in Wuhan, so the government and the society should take the economic and practical route to seek for change, which must be guided and supported by the outside world. Play a greater role. At the same time, government departments take the examination Considering the fairness of mass sports construction, we should not encroach on the sports fitness resources of other citizens in order to satisfy the sports of migrant workers, and avoid turning this form of injustice to another form of unfairness.