英语素材：高考英语作文技巧
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1 如何使英语作文“亮”起来
2011-5-19
一 使用高级词汇和句型，增加文章亮点
高考书面表达的评分标准在语言的运用上对考生提出了更高的要求，即在考察短文语言准确性的基础上，进一步强调了用词的得体性；表达方式的多样性以及语言的连贯性，我们要尽可能地多使用高级词汇和复杂句型，增加文章的亮点。
归纳1 学会使用高级过渡词
过渡词犹如“桥梁”和“黏合剂”。恰当地使用过渡词避免结构松散，层次不明，表意不清等弊端，使文章条理清楚，文字连贯流畅，结构严谨，富于逻辑，更具有说服力和感染力。常用的过渡词有：
递进型：besides,what’s more, let alone, worse still, moreover, even, furthermore, in
addition, additionally
解释型：that is (to say), in other words, or , in this case, actually, as a matter of fact,
转折型：however/but/yet/although/otherwise/instead/on the contrary/ on the other hand/ in spite of
列举型：firstly…secondly…finally/ on the one hand/ on the other hand
举例型：for example/ for instance/ such as / that is/ like/ take …for example
因果型：because (of)/since/ therefore/ as a result/ thanks to /thus / due to/ owing to/
hence / as a consequence of
让步型: though /although/ in spite of/ despite
顺序型：first…next… and then… finally/ first …then… after that… finally
并列型：and /or /also/ as well as
时间型：afterwards/ soon/ later / the moment/ hardly…when/ no sonner…than/
immediately/ gradually / suddenly/ finally
总结型：in conclusion / in a word / to sum up / in short / on the whole / in brief
见解型：in my opinion / personally speaking / as far as I am concerned / in my eyes / in
my view / to my mind
练习 用合适的过渡词填入下面短文的空白处。
Dear friends,
As we all know, we are what we eat. 1 ,it’s very important for us to form healthy eating
habits. 2 , bad eating habits are still very common abong us students. Some of us often go to the
school without breakfast; some like to have snacks; some others are particular about food;
and 3 some eat or drink too much. All these bad habits will surely do harm to our health.
To keep fit, we should have various healthy diets, which generally include a proper amount
of fish , meat, vegetable, fruit as well as main food. 4 ,we’d better have meals regularly.
5 , we should try to develop healthy eating habits to build up a strong body. Only in this way
can we have enough energy to study better.
That’s all.Thank you !
归纳2 尝试使用高级词汇
高考书面表达最高档的评分标准中，对词汇的要求有：“应用了较多的词汇”和“词汇有些许错误，但是为尽力使用高级词汇所致”。高级词汇的使用会使书面表达上升一个得分档次，所以同学们在平时的训练中要有意识地使用一些高级词汇。尽管目前没有固定的标准，但一般认为超出考纲的词汇均视为高级词汇。
练习：
1 A terrible earthquake happened in Wenchuan , Sichuan Province on May 12th, 2008. 2 →
2 He knows English very well.
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3 The problem is too difficult for me..
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4 The dictionary is very valuable.
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5 I suddenly had a good idea .
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6 Because the weather was good, our journey was comfortable.
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7 We’ll try our best to protect the environment.
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8 Our school is at the foot of the hill.
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二 注重句式变化
要提高语言表达的档次，在句式运用上就不能一味地使用简单局和陈述句，一篇文章过多使用简单句型会显得句子单调、无生气，不能给人一种含金量高的审美享受。所以，在整篇文章中，避免仅使用一两种句型，而应该根据实际情况灵活运用所学的各种句式，使文章有声有色。这样有助于考生在高考中出类拔萃，赢得高分
归纳1 使用倒装句，强调句，改变句子单调性
练习：
1 We can have enough energy to study better only in this way.（倒装）
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2 Our Ah Fu had saved my little sister bravely.（强调句）
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3 Though the earthquake was merciless, we human beings are compassionate and caring.（倒装）
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归纳2 使用各种从句，提升句子“凝聚力”
练习：
1 Jiuzhaigou is well known for its beautiful lakes. Its water is clear and looks colorful.（定语从句）
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2 He is a learned person. We all admire him very much.（定语从句或状语从句）
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归纳3 运用并列句，感叹句，使句式灵活多样
练习
1 He leads us to a wonderful world of “why”.(感叹)
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2 Wang Bin works hard at his studies. Li Ming works hard at his studies, too.（省略）
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归纳4 使用排比,增强气势
1 I love life. I love Mother nature. I love peace. I hate any form of violence.
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2 I’ll stay with my parents for some time and chat with them and do homework. 3 →
三 如何使句子简洁明快
值得注意的是有些学生误认为复杂句型就是多用各种主从复合句，这种理解是错误的。在写作时，我们还要追求语言的简洁性。这里的“简洁“并不等于简单、孤立的短句，而是利用一些非谓语动词、介词短语、同位语、with的复合结构、省略、代替等手段将松散的简单句、并列句及过度复杂的复合句简化，从而达到长、短句结合的效果，增强文章的可读性。
归纳1 使用省略，精简句子，增强凝聚力。
1 Should students make friends on line? Some people may say yes to this question.
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2 When it is heated, water will change into vapor.
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3 Do you think you’d like it? If you don’t like it, I can try and find another place for you .
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归纳2 使用不定式, -ing短语。过去分词，提高句子表达能力
1 Grandpa and the children were very happy to see that the bird flew away in the sky.
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2 When he was asked what to do, he refused to answer.
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3 The driver escaped and didn’t stop. He left the old man lying on the road.
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归纳3运用介词（短语）压缩句子，使句子更加简洁，实用，高效
1 He doesn’t give us answers immediately. He encourages us to think by ourselves.
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2 The young man couldn’t help crying when he heard the bad news .
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3 Our school lies at the foot of a mountain. There is a river flowing in front of it.
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