英语倒装句(全)
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高考英语倒装句考点归纳与试题解析
英语中的倒装句指的是主语、谓语位置颠倒的情况,根据其倒装形式又可分为部分倒装和全部倒装两种形式。在历年的高考中,倒装句都是其考查的重点,本文通过对高考倒装句考点的归纳和试题的解析,以便同学们能够更好的备考2007年高考。
考点一. 强调否定状语的倒装句。即将含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首引起的部分倒装结构。这类状语有:never, seldom, rarely, little, few, at no time, by no means, no longer, hardly/scarcely….when…, no sooner…than…, not only…but also…, not until, nowhere, neither…nor…等。
例1. I’ve tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means____ with my progress. (06年重庆卷)
A. the teacher is not satisfied
B. is the teacher not satisfied
C. the teacher is satisfied
D. is the teacher satisfied
解析:by no means意思是“决不,在任何情况下都不”,放在句首,句子要用部分倒装。故正确答案为D。
例2.──Did Linda see the traffic accident?
──No, no sooner____ than it happened.(06年天津卷)
A. had she gong
B. she had gone
C. has she gone
D. she has gone
解析:no sooner……than意为“一……就……”,no sooner所在的主句常用过去完成时,that引导的从句用一般过去时,no表示否定意义。故正确答案为A。
注意:not only…but(also)…连接两个并列分句且包含否定意义的not only放于句首时,not only后的分句要进行部分倒装, but (also)后的分句不进行倒装。
例3. Not only____ interested in football but ____ beginning to show an interest in it. (02年上海卷)
A. the teacher himself is; all his students are
B. the teacher himself is; are all his students
C. is the teacher himself; are all his students
D. is the teacher himself; all his students are
解析:not only位于句首,其后句子用部分倒装的形式,而but also后的句子语序不倒装。故正确答案为D。
考点二. Only+状语/状语从句置于句首时,主句要进行部分倒装。
例4. Only then____ how much damage had been caused? (06年陕西卷)
A. she realized
B. she had realized
C. had she realized
D. did she realize
解析:only位于句首修饰状语then,全句要进行部分倒装,由then又知道此时时态应用一般过去时态。故正确答案为D。
考点三. 作状语的介词短语放于句首时引起的句子要全部倒装。有时为了强调将作状语的介词短语放在句首,而将主语放到句末;或者当句子中主语较长时,为了使句子平衡,常以作状语的介词短语开头。
例5. At the foot of the mountain____.(06年四川卷)
A. a village lie
B. lies a village
C. does a village lie
D. lying a village
解析:介词短语at the foot of the mountain位于句首,句子用全部倒装,其时态应为一般现在时态。故正确答案为B。
例6. Just in front of our house____ with a history of 1,000 years. (06年上海卷)
A. does a tall tree stand
B. stands a tall tree
C. a tall tree is standing
D. a tall tree stands
解析:介词短语位于句首,句子用全部倒装结构。故正确答案为B。
考点四. so/such…that…结构中的so, such连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时, 主句要进行部分倒装。
例7. So difficult____ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice. (06年广东卷)
A. I did find
B. did I find
C. I have found
D. have I found
解析: so位于句首且so修饰difficult, 主句部分进行部分倒装,整句为一般过去时态。故正确答案为B。
考点五. so/neither/nor表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时用倒装结构“so/neither/nor+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”(so表示肯定意义,neither/nor表示否定意义)的形式。
例8. ──It’s burning hot today, isn’t it?
──Yes. ____ yesterday. (06年福建卷)
A. So was it
B. So it was
C. So it is
D. So is it
解析: so在这里表示昨天的天气情况也跟今天的一样。故正确答案为A。
例9. —I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible.
— ____. (04年全国卷Ⅲ)
A. Nor am I
B. Neither would I
C. Same with me
D. So do I
解析: 前句表示否定, 则后句也应表示否定, 根据上一句的情态动词,第二句中也应该用情态动词would。故正确答案为B。
但是,如果so表示强调,即强调前面所说的情况的真实性时,其结构则是“so+主语+助动词/系动词/情态动词”的形式,这里的主语同前一个句子的主语指的是同一人或物。如:
例10. ──Well,I do think the rabbit is a beautiful, gentle animal which can run very fast. (05年辽宁卷)
──_____.
A. So it is
B. So is it
C. So does it
D. So it does
解析:肯定前一句话中的宾语从句“the rabbit is a beautiful, gentle animal”, so引导的句子不进行倒装,而且so引导的句子中谓语动词要与该宾语从句中的谓语动词相一致。故正确答案为A。
考点六. As/though 引导的让步状语从句要用倒装结构。即as / though引导的让步从句中必须将表语或状语提前(形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前),构成“形容词/副词/名词/动词/分词+as/though+主语+谓语的其它部分”的形式。
例11.______, he talks a lot about his favorites singers after class.(05年重庆卷)
A. A quiet student as he may be
B.Quiet student as he may be
C.Be a quiet student as he may be
D.Quiet as he may be a student
解析:整个表语部分quiet student提在as之前
并且名词student前的冠词a要省略。故正确答案为B。
例12. ______, I have never seen anyone who’s as capable as John.(01年上海卷)
A.As long as I have traveled
B.Now that I have traveled so much
C.Much as I have traveled
D.As I have traveled so much
解析:本题中从句与主句之间存在明显的让步关
系,故需要选择由as引导的让步状语从句,并且要将副词much提前进行倒装。故正确答案为C。
使用as/though进行倒装时需要注意的是:
①句首有名词时,名词不能带任何冠词。
②句首是实义动词时,其他助动词则放在主语之后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语,则宾语和状语随实义动词一起放在主语之前。如:
Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.
虽然他尽了努力,但他的工作总做的不尽人意。