图表写作
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图表写作
1. 语言要求
图表作文十分客观因此其中不应当出现第一人称，只是一种客观表述，而不应当包含主观的内容，在文章的措辞上就表现出一种客观的态度。
2. 内容方面
趋势描写
图表中常常会反映出某个事物的趋势，有总体趋势也有局部趋势，因此趋势描写便成为图表作文中必不可少的内容。图表的目的是通过对比对照来说明问题，因此文章也应当描写有关对比对照的趋势。
数据导入
图表的另外一个特点是表中会出现大量数据，因此图表作文中也一定要导入数据。只是泛泛地谈某种趋势是远远不够的，必须有具体的数据来支持。例如文章中说某物在增长，后面就应该导入数据来证明事物的增长。没有数据的导入，就必定会导致内容上遗漏重要信息。
3. 结构要求
图表作文要求结构清晰、层次分明。一定要注意衔接手段的使用。
开头部分： 图表作文的首段必须交代三个要素：图表研究的时间段、研究的对象和研究所采用的数据形式（是具体的数字还是百分比），应当争取将这三个要素在一句话里面说清楚，实际上就是把题目中描述图表的那一句话用自己的语言描述并拓展一下就可以了。最多两句话。
主体段落：主体段落应当描写单方面的趋势，根据趋势的分类来决定主体段落应当划分为几个自然段。
结尾部分：图表通过对具体数据的对照和对比来说明问题，因此在图表作文的结尾部分要写出对照对比的趋势，以及从这个趋势中得出一个什么样的结论。
4. 图表作文常用句型
1. 表示“说明”的句子结构
The table/chart/diagram/graph shows (that)…
The figures/statistics show (that)…
The diagram shows/describes/illustrates how …
According to the / As (is) shown in the/ As can be seen from the
table/chart/diagram/graph/figures…
It can be seen from the/ We can see from the/ it is clear (apparent)
from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures that…
2. 表示“数据”的句子结构
Australia and the UK both had 10%.
The profit rose to 10%.
The monthly profit increased/fell by 10% from 10% to 20% /from
20% to 10%.
The profit remained steady at 10%.
The profit peaked at just over 10%.
Thailand had the largest percentage/number (10%/245) of the
students.
10% of the students were from the People’s Republic of China.
Thailand accounted for 10% of the students.
They made twice/three times/four times the profit/the percentage of
profit in May than in March.
The profit percentage/percentage of profit doubled
(increased/decreased three-fold) from March to May.
Company A’s profit percentage rose steadily, whereas that of
Company B fell slightly.
There were more males than females (10% and 5% respectively).
另外还要注意下列表中表达数字和统计数据的方式：
School
A has almost
nearly
approximately
about
just over
over a (one) quarter of
a (one) third of
a (one) half of
three quarters of the (total) number of
students
almost
nearly
approximately
about
just over
over a quarter of
half
three quarters
twice
three times as many
students
as much
space as
School
B
School
A has about/nearly
about/approximately as many (students) as
as much (space) as School
B
about/approximately
exactly/ precisely the
same (number
(proportion
(amount of
students)
as
3. 表示“数据变化”的句子结构
１） 表示增加、较少和波动可使用下面两种结构来表达：
Verb + adverb form
Adjective + noun form
The number
of (cars) increased
jumped
rose
soar
go up
decreased
dropped
fell
fluctuated suddenly
rapidly
dramatically
significantly
sharply
steeply
steadily
gradually
slowly
slightly from (June) to
(December)
between (June) and
(December)
There
was a
(very) sudden
rapid
dramatic
significant
sharp
steep
steady
gradual
slow increase
jump
rise
decrease
drop
fall
fluctuation in the
number of
(cars) from … to …
between … and …
slight
２） 表示变化不大或没有变化使用下列句型：
The number of (cars sold) remained steady (stable) / stayed the same
from … to…/between … and…
There was little / hardly any/ no change in the number of (cars sold)
from … to… / between … and …
3) 表示曲线图上最高点和最低点使用下列句型：
The monthly/ the figures/ the situation peaked/reached a peak/
bottomed out/ reached the bottom in December/ at 20%.
4. 使用正确的时态和语态
5. 不要在文章中发表个人看法
Sample Topic 1
You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
You should write at least 150 words.
Sample Answer 1
This diagram unfolds a clear comparison between Florida, a
state of the United States, and the United States as a whole in
four aspects, namely, registered engineers, the civilian labor
force, manufacturing employment and hi-tech employment,
from 1978 to 1987.
Obviously, in every aspect, Florida had a much higher growth
rate than the United States as a whole during that period. The
number of registered engineers increased by 87.5%, the most
rapid increase of all the four aspects. As to the other three,
though the growth rates were not so high, they were indeed
remarkable and impressive. The increases in civilian labor force,
hi-tech employment and manufacturing employment were
48.8%, 50.8% and 27.5% respectively.
Compared with Florida, the United States as a whole made much
less progress in the ten years from 1978 to 1987, the highest
being only 31.5% in hi-tech employment. The number of
registered engineers increased by 19.9% and that of the civilian
labor force by 17.1%. In manufacturing employment, things
were even worse: the number of employed dropped by 6.8%.
From the diagram it can be safely concluded that in the years
1978~1987 Florida developed much more rapidly than the
United States as a whole. Thus, job opportunities were more
