厄罗替尼一线治疗中晚期非小细胞肺癌老年患者的临床观察
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DOI: 10.3781/j.issn.1000-7431.2012.02.Copyright© 2012 by TUMOR厄罗替尼一线治疗中晚期非小细胞肺癌老年患者的临床观察苏 进1,许新华1,李道俊1,黄 乔2,鲁明骞2,薛 峰1,易 芳21. 三峡大学第一临床医学院暨宜昌市中心人民医院肿瘤科,宜昌 443003;2. 三峡大学肿瘤研究所,宜昌 443003[摘要] 目的:评价厄罗替尼一线治疗中晚期非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer ,NSCLC )老年患者的疗效和安全性。
方法:2007年5月—2008年12月首次确诊的35例70~81岁中晚期NSCLC 老年患者,其中鳞状细胞癌18例、腺癌13例、细支气管肺泡癌4例;吸烟者19例,不吸烟者16例。
所有患者均接受厄罗替尼150 mg/d 口服治疗,直至疾病进展或出现无法耐受的不良反应。
对所有患者均进行随访,观察近期疗效和不良反应,并计算生存情况。
结果:35例患者中,1例获得完全缓解,16例获得部分缓解,10例疾病稳定,8例疾病进展;总有效率为48.6%(17/35),疾病控制率为77.1%(27/35)。
中位至疾病进展时间为6.4个月,中位总生存期为12.7个月,1年生存率为48.6%(17/35)。
性别、病理类型和吸烟史与疾病控制率相关(P <0.05)。
不良反应主要为皮疹和腹泻,只有1例患者因较为严重的皮疹和腹泻而减少厄罗替尼剂量。
结论:厄罗替尼一线治疗中晚期NSCLC 老年患者可取得较好的疾病控制率和临床获益,不良反应可以耐受。
[关键词] 癌,非小细胞肺;厄罗替尼;老年人;治疗结果;生存分析;不良反应[中图分类号] R734.2[文献标志码] A[文章编号] 1000-7431 (2012) 02-0130-04Efficacy and safety of erlotinib as first-line treatment in the elderly patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancerSU Jin 1, XU Xin-hua 1, LI Dao-jun 1, HUANG Qiao 2, LU Ming-qian 2, XUE Feng 1, YI Fang 21. Yichang Central People’s Hospital, First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443003, China;2. Oncology Institute, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443003, China[ABSTRACT] Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of erlotinib as first-line treatment for the elderly patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Thirty-fi ve elderly patients(70-80 years of age) with initial diagnosis of advanced NSCLC con fi rmed by pathological examinations between May 2007 and December 2008 were recruited into this prospective study, including squamous-cell carcinoma in 18 patients, adenocarcinoma in 13 patients, and bronchioloalveolar carcinoma in 4 patients. Of these 35 patients, 19 had a history of smoking, and 16 were non-smokers. All patients received erlotinib (150 mg/d) as first-line treatment which was continued until disease progression or intolerable toxicity occurred. The short-term response and the adverse reactions were observed. The follow-up was performed, and the survival was analyzed. Results: Of the 35 patients, 1 patient had complete response, 16 patients had partial response, 10 patients had stable disease, and 8 patients had progressive disease; the overall response rate was 48.6% (17/35), and the disease control rate was 77.1% (27/35). The median time to progression was 6.4 months, and the median overall survival was 12.7 months; the one-year survival rate was 48.6% (17/35). The factors of gender, pathology and smoking history were associated with the disease control rate (P <0.05). The major erlotinib-related adverse reactions were rash and diarrhea, and the dose of erlotinib was reduced in only one patient due to severe rash and diarrhea. Conclusion: The elderly patients with advanced NSCLC have clinical bene fi ts of erlotinib as fi rst-line treatment, and the disease control rate and the clinical bene fi t rate are both acceptable, as well as the adverse reactions are tolerable.[基金项目] 1. 湖北省卫生厅科研项目(编号:JX4B52) 2. 2011年宜昌市科技研究与开发项目 (编号:A11301-04)Correspondence to: XU Xin-hua (许新华) E-mail: xuxinhua@ Received 2011-11-07 Accepted 2011-11-24 肿瘤2012年2月第32卷第2期 TUMOR Vol. 32, February, 2012130临床经验·Clinical Experience[KEY WORDS] Carcinoma, non-small cell lung; Erlotinib; Aged; Treatment outcomes; Survival analysis; Adverse reactions[TUMOR, 2012, 32 (02): 130-133]非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)是常见的恶性肿瘤之一,确诊时60%~70%的患者已属晚期,其中年龄>70岁的老年患者约占30%[1]。
中晚期NSCLC老年患者大多已失去根治手术和局部放疗的机会,且伴发疾病较多,各器官功能衰退,一般情况较差,能够耐受细胞毒药物化疗的机会减少,因此生物靶向治疗成为这类患者重要的治疗选择。
本课题组于2007年5月—2008年12月使用厄罗替尼一线治疗35例中晚期NSCLC老年患者,取得了较好的疗效。
1 资料与方法1.1 病例选择标准 (1)首次确诊为NSCLC,病理诊断明确;(2)ⅢA~Ⅳ期;(3)至少有1个可测量病灶;(4)Karnofsky功能状态(Karnofskyperformance status,KPS)评分≥50,预计生存期>1个月;(5)无典型的间质性肺炎和肺纤维化;(6)患者同意接受厄罗替尼治疗,并签署知情同意书。
1.2 临床资料 收集2007年5月—2008年12月在本院接受治疗的35例中晚期NSCLC老年患者,其中大部分患者均接受了纤维支气管镜活检、胸腹部增强CT检查和全身骨放射性核素扫描等检查,少数患者接受了胸膜活检或经皮肺穿刺活检。
35例患者中,男性24例、女性11例;年龄70~81岁,平均年龄75.6岁;吸烟者19例(一生中连续或累积吸烟≥6个月),不吸烟者16例(一生中连续或累积吸烟<6个月);鳞状细胞癌18例,腺癌13例,细支气管肺泡癌4例;按照TNM分期:ⅢA期8例,ⅢB期15例,Ⅳ期12例;至少有1个可测量病灶;无根治手术适应证;KPS评分≥50,预计生存期>1个月;自愿接受厄罗替尼治疗。
所有患者治疗前均未接受表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR)基因和KRAS基因的检测。
35例患者的一般临床病理特征见表1。
1.3 治疗方法 所有患者均口服厄罗替尼(上海罗氏制药有限公司产品),150 mg/d,直至疾病进展(progressive disease,PD)或出现无法耐受的不良反应。
1.4 近期疗效评价 近期疗效按照WHO实体瘤疗效评价标准,分为完全缓解(complete response,CR)、部分缓解(partial response,PR)、疾病稳定(stable disease,SD)和PD;有效率(response rate,RR)=(CR+PR)/总例数×100%;疾病控制率(disease control rate,DCR)=(CR+PR+SD)/总例数×100%。