冷库毕业设计---万吨冷库制冷系统设计
- 格式:docx
- 大小:303.80 KB
- 文档页数:44
万吨冷库制冷系统设计Tons cold storage refrigerationsystem design题目名称:万吨冷库制冷系统设计院系名称:能源与环境学院2012年5月摘要正文:本设计是位于郑州市的10000t综合冷库制冷系统设计。
本设计的目的在于把学习的东西运用到实际当中,使知识掌握的更加牢固,能更好的融入社会。
的在本设计中首先对冷库进行库容计算,容积40322m³,划分为10个冻藏间,然后进行热工计算,得冷却设备耗冷量为274.8Kw,制冷机器总负荷为214Kw,进而对制冷设备及其辅助设备进行选用,最后决定采用活塞式制冷压缩机,选用四台;冷凝器采用蒸发式冷凝器。
冷间制冷工艺设计是根据冷间冷却设备负荷的大小及冷间性质,选择蒸发器并合理考虑冷间的气流组织,最终选择了顶排管,并对制冷系统的试压、试漏、及管道的保温问题做了简单说明。
关键词:制冷系统,活塞式制冷压缩机,冷负荷。
SummaryText: This design is located in Zhengzhou City, the the 10000t integrated cold storage refrigeration system design. The purpose of this design is to be learned into practice, knowledge of a more solid, better able to integrate into society. In this design, the first cold storage capacity calculation, the volume of 40322m ³ divided into frozen between 10 and thermal calculations, have the cooling consumption of cooling equipment for 274.8Kw refrigeration machine the total load of 214Kw, and then the refrigeration equipment and its auxiliary equipment selection, and finally decided to use a reciprocating refrigeration compressor, the choice of four; condenser with evaporative condensers. Cold cooling process design is the size of the cooling load of the device according to the cold and cold nature, evaporator and reasonable consideration of cold airflow organization, and ultimately select the top row of tubes, and cooling system pressure test, leak testing, and pipe insulation to do the simple instructions.Keywords: refrigeration systems, piston refrigeration compressors, cooling load目录主要符号表------------------------------------------------------ 11.引言------------------------------------------------------- 12.设计基本资料-------------------------------------------------- 22.1设计目的 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 22.2 设计题目 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 22.3 设计条件 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23.热工计算------------------------------------------------------ 33.1冷藏库尺寸计算---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 33.2冷库维护结构的传热系数计算 --------------------------------------------------------------------- 43.3冷库围护结构传热引起耗冷量 --------------------------------------------------------------------- 53.3.1冷库围护结构的传热面积------------------------------------------------------------------- 53.3.2 冷库围护结构的耗冷量计算(见表1-3)------------------------------------------ 83.4食品冷加工的耗冷量---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 93.5通风换气的耗冷量------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 103.6经营操作耗冷量--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 103.7电动运行耗冷量--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 103.8总耗冷量 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 103.8.1库房冷却设备的总负荷 --------------------------------------------------------------------- 103.8.2制冷机器的总负荷 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 114.制冷方案的确定----------------------------------------------- 124.1 制冷系统压缩级数及压缩机类型的确定------------------------------------------------------- 124.2 制冷剂种类及冷凝器类型的确定 ---------------------------------------------------------------- 134.3 制冷系统供液方式的确定-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 134.4 冷间冷却方式的确定-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 144.5 冷间冷却设备和融霜方式的确定 ---------------------------------------------------------------- 144.6流向确定 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 144.7油分离器的布置--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 144.8冷库自动调节控制系统------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 155.制冷设备计算选型--------------------------------------------- 165.1制冷压缩机的选择计算------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16 5.2冷凝器的计算选用------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 19 5.3中间冷却器的计算选用------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 19 5.4油分离器的计算选用--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20 5.5放空气器的计算选用--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20 5.6集油器的计算选用------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 5.7高压贮液器 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20 5.8冻藏间采用顶排管------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 5.9低压循环贮液桶本设计------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 215.9.1计算冷却设备的容积V1 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 215.9.2计算回气管的容积V2 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 215.9.3计算液管容积V3------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 225.9.4低压循环贮液桶容积V ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 22 5.10氨泵的选用计算 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 22 5.11设备明细表-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 226 制冷系统管径的选定------------------------------------------ 236.1 系统管道和阀门的设计要求 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 23 6.2系统管道的设计 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 236.2.1 管道流速要求--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 236.2.2 蒸发器供液管的设计 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 236.2.3 吸气管道的设计------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 246.2.4 排气管的设计--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 246.2.5 其它管道的设计------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 246.2.6 对制冷工艺管道布置要求 ----------------------------------------------------------------- 24 6.3制冷系统管道设计允许流速和压力降要求----------------------------------------------------- 246.3.1管道允许流速要求 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 246.3.2管道允许压力降要求 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 25 6.4管径的确定 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 256.4.1氨液密度的计算 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 256.4.2由氨泵供入库房的管道的水力计算 ----------------------------------------------------- 266.4.3 回气管的水力计算 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 276.4.4低压储液循环桶到氨泵间管道的水力计算 -------------------------------------------- 286.4.5冷凝器到贮液器间的管道的水力计算 -------------------------------------------------- 296.4.6高压供液管的水力计算 --------------------------------------------------------------------- 306.4.7氨泵到调氨站间管道的水力计算 -------------------------------------------------------- 30 6.5各管段管径的估算------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 31 6.6管道漆色 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 317 制冷系统的试压试漏及管道保温--------------------------------- 327.1 系统试压、排污、试漏、抽真空--------------------------------------------------------------- 327.1.1 系统试压--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 327.1.2 系统排污--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 327.1.3 系统抽真空实验------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 337.1.4 系统氨试漏------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 33 7.2 系统设备及管道保温 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 338. 结论-------------------------------------------------------- 35致谢----------------------------------------------------------- 36参考文献------------------------------------------------------- 37主要符号表符号 说明 单位m 质量 ㎏V 体积 m 3d 厚度 mQ 热量 WA面积 m 2 t温度 ℃ p压力 Pa P功率 kW ω流速 m/s G流量 ㎏/h h焓 kJ/kg ν比体积 m³/kg ρ密度 kg/m 3 R热阻 W /m 2℃⋅ C比热容 kJ/(kg·K) λ热导率 ℃)(⋅m /W K 传热系数℃)(⋅2m /W引言1.引言冷库是发展冷藏业的基础设施,也是在低温条件下贮藏货物的建筑群。