社会科学研究方法与论文写作智慧树知到期末考试答案章节题库2024年北京第二外国语学院1.What are key components of research design? （）答案:Timeframe.###Sampling Strategy.###Data Collection Methods.2.The following aspects of informed consent that are essential in researchethics include （）.答案:Researchers explaining potential risks andbenefits.###Participants being allowed to withdraw from the study.3.When should all authors be included in the in-text citation, according to theAPA style? （）答案:When there are two authors.###When there are three to fiveauthors.4.What are some essential tips for writing an effective abstract? （）答案:Use keywords###Emphasize points differently from thepaper.###Use passive verbs5.Which statements are suggested solutions for improving the Methodologysection? （）答案:Eliminate the use of first-person pronouns.###Provide a clearrationale for the chosen methods.6.What's the difference between methodology and method? （）答案:Methodology encompasses the broader theoretical framework and guiding philosophy of the research process.###Methods encompass the specific techniques and procedures employed for data collection andanalysis.###Methodology is presented as a distinct section in aresearch thesis, explaining the overall approach and rationale.7.What are the downsides of mere listing in a literature review? （）答案:It does not present themes or identify trends.###It often indicatesa lack of critical synthesis.8.The common problems to be aware of in thesis writing include（）.答案:Excessive reliance on qualitative data###Lack of theoreticalsupport###Failure to integrate theory and practice.###Misuse of tense ponents that are typically embedded in the structure of an academicpaper, especially the journal article, include （）答案:Introduction###Results and Discussion10.Which of the following examples are misconducts? （）答案:Facilitating academic dishonesty.###Unauthorizedcollaboration###Misuse of Patients11.What are the three main elements of a definition, as mentioned in the lecture?（）答案:Term, Category, and Features.12.In the Methods section, why is it important to detail the tools or materials fordata collection? （）答案:To explain how instruments to be used to answer researchquestions.13.Which is the method suggested to avoid plagiarism when summarizinginformation from sources? （）答案:Summarize immediately after reading without referring back tothe source.14.The purpose of control variables in research is （）.答案:To keep certain factors constant and prevent them frominfluencing the dependent variable.15.What is the purpose of using sampling techniques in research? （）答案:To draw conclusions about the population based on data collected from the sample.16.According to Wallwork’s tips for the final check, what is one way to ensureyour paper is as good as possible before submission? （）答案:Anticipate referees’ comments.17.What does external validity assess? （）答案:The extent to which research findings can be applied orgeneralized to other situations and populations.18.Which of the following expressions are correctly used in the Methods Section?（）答案:"We conducted the experiment in a controlled environment."19.Which of the following is NOT a recommended guideline for using tables in aresearch paper? （）答案:Using as many tables as possible to provide comprehensiveinformation.20.What does a structured abstract typically include to make it more readable?（）答案:Eye-catching font for the title21.What is the main function of the preparation stage in writing a literaturereview? （）答案:To locate relevant literature and prepare for writing.22.The primary focus of academic integrity is （）.答案:Fostering honesty and responsible behavior.23.The act of using someone else’s ideas and writings as your own can beconsidered as （）.答案:Plagiarism24.Which step is NOT part of the suggested three-step approach for revisingyour paper? （）答案:Rewrite the entire paper.25.Which is not the reason for an overly broad title being problematic? （）答案:It encourages depth in the study.26. A good thesis or dissertation should tell the reader not just “what I havedone,” but “why what I have done matters.” （）答案:对27.Coherence in academic writing refers to the clarity of the thesis statementand the organization of the paper. （）答案:对28.The research methods section helps readers and reviewers gauge thetransparency, validity, and reliability of the research. （）答案:对29.Research papers are published to share new, original results and ideas withthe academic community. （）答案:对30.Relying solely on secondary sources ensures the originality of researchfindings. （）答案:错31.In introduction writing, it is recommended to delve into an exhaustive reviewof the entire field to provide comprehensive context. （）答案:错32.The Background Method in introduction writing kicks off by presenting aproblem and then addressing the solution. （）答案:错33.Multiculturalism seeks to enhance the self-esteem and identities ofmarginalized groups. （）答案:对34. A Doctoral-level literature review is typically less comprehensive than aMaster's-level literature review. （）答案:错35."Hoaxing" involves deliberately publishing false information with theintention of deceiving others. （）答案:对36.Reflecting on the research process at the end is essential for evaluating itsstrengths and limitations. （）答案:对37. A well-crafted title should engage a wide audience effectively. （）答案:对38.In order to avoid plagiarism, it is suggested to avoid citing references. （）答案:错39.Predicting difficulties and providing countermeasures in a research proposalis essential to show the depth of thinking and enlist expected guidance. （）答案:对40.Conducting a literature review is not necessary when selecting a researchtitle. （）答案:错41.What can authors do to ensure a timely publication in a journal that reviewspapers for job hunting purposes?（）答案:Submit the manuscript without checking for errors###Seekinformation from editors about review times###Be efficient in making revisions42.When preparing a manuscript for publication, it is crucial to focus on ethicalstandards.（）答案:对43.Why do researchers want to publish their papers?（）答案:To share new results and ideas44.How can you identify an appropriate journal for publication? （）答案:Look for journals that publish work similar to your research.45.The editor-in-chief makes the final decision on whether a submitted paper isaccepted or rejected in the review process.（）答案:对ing cut and paste extensively is recommended during the final check tosave time.（）答案:错47.Exchanging texts with another student for proofreading is encouraged to findcareless errors in your own work.（）答案:对48.What is the key idea that should be remembered by the audience from yourtalk？（）答案:The key idea of your research49.Why is it important to avoid errors that may distort meaning in your writtenwork? （）答案:To enhance the quality of your writing###To ensure clarity ofcommunication50.What is the main purpose of doing a presentation?（）答案:To engage, excite, and provoke the audience51.Making academic writing more tentative involves avoiding over-generalizations and using linguistic hedges and tentative phrases.（）答案:对52.What is the purpose of the checklist questions provided for paper revision?（）答案:To help improve the writing53.Which of the following are strategies for achieving cohesion in academicwriting? （）答案:Organizing the paper logically###Using transitional words andphrases###Employing reference words54.Redundancy and colloquialisms are considered desirable features ofconciseness in academic writing. （）答案:错55.What should you do when revising your paper writing to improve clarity andspecificity? （）答案:Be self-contained56.What are the characteristics of informative abstracts? （）答案:They may replace the need for reading the full paper###Theycommunicate specific information about the paper###They provide aconcise summary of the paper’s content57.Structured abstracts may have clear subheadings to mark different sections.（）答案:对58.What is the recommended maximum word limit for a conference abstract?（）答案:250 words59.Which tense is often used when writing an abstract? （）答案:Present tense60.The primary purpose of an informative abstract is to indicate the subjectsdealt with in a paper. （）答案:错61.What are some reasons for using citations in academic writing? （）答案:To show you are a member of a particular disciplinarycommunity###To acknowledge the intellectual property rights ofauthors###To avoid plagiarism62.Self-plagiarism is not considered an ethical concern in academic writing.（）答案:错63.What is the primary purpose of citation in academic writing? （）答案:To acknowledge the intellectual property rights of authors64.What is self-plagiarism? （）答案:Presenting one's own previously published work as new65.All sources cited in the text must be documented in the References section.（）答案:对66.Which type of conclusion is more common in research papers and theses andfocuses on summarizing research outcomes and aligning them with the initial thesis? （）答案:Thesis-oriented Conclusion67.What are the four sections typically found in the Conclusion section of aresearch paper, according to the material? （）答案:Summary of findings, implications, limitations, further studies68.What is one of the purposes of the conclusions chapter? （）答案:To forestall criticisms by identifying limitations of the research69.Which of the following are types of conclusions discussed in the material? （）答案:Summary type###Field-oriented conclusion###Evaluation type of conclusion###Recommendation type of conclusion70.The conclusion section in academic papers typically follows a uniformstructure across all disciplines.（）答案:错71.What is one of the purposes of making comparisons with previous studies inacademic writing? （）答案:To justify the methods or procedures followed72.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a common type of graphicalfigure in the material? （）答案:Map illustrations73.What can we do in demonstrating our research results in paper? （）答案:Use figures and tables to summarize data###Show the results ofstatistical analysis74.In which field are Qualitative Research methods often used?（）答案:Liberal Arts and Social Sciences75.What factors should be considered when choosing research methods for athesis? （）答案:Traditional approaches.###Research questions andobjectives.###Nature of the subject matter.76.What does "Research Design" refer to in the research process?（）答案:The overall plan guiding the research study.77.All the following moves are included in the method section except （）.答案:Describing the commonly used methods in certain field.78.The research methods section in a thesis is often presented as a distinctsection, separate from the literature review.（）答案:对79.What are the two core abilities essential for writing an effective literaturereview? （）答案:Information seeking and critical appraisal.80.Where can a literature review be placed in a research paper or thesis? （）答案:In different places depending on research goals and fieldconventions.81.Which type of literature review focuses on organizing literature aroundspecific research questions?（）答案:Question-oriented review.82.The purpose of creating a visual representation, such as a literature map, isto replace the need for drafting concise summaries.（）答案:错83.What are the recommended tenses to use when discussing the content of thesources in a literature review? （）答案:Simple Past.###Present Perfect.###Simple Present.84.What is the role of the Problem Statement in the Introduction? （）答案:Justify the importance of the research.85.Which is NOT one of the three methods could be used to write anintroduction? （）答案:Reference Method86.The location and structure of the introduction are standardized across alltypes of research theses. （）答案:错87.In Metadiscourse research, what is the recommended way for a researcher torefer to themselves in the introduction?（）答案:Refer to themselves as "this thesis" or a specific section.88.What are the key elements included in Move 2 of the "Create a ResearchSpace" (CARS) framework?（）答案:Identifying gaps in prior research.###Indicating a gap.89.What role do Research Grant Proposals play?（）答案:Both securing financial support and convincing funding agencies.90.What questions does a research proposal eloquently answer? （）答案:How are you going to do it?###What do you plan toaccomplish?###Why do you want to do it?91.The "Aims/Purposes" section in a research proposal outlines the centralissues to be tackled in the study. （）答案:对92.To whom is a research proposal usually submitted for approval and support?（）答案:Funding agencies, academic institutions, or research supervisors.93.What is the purpose of predicting difficulties and providing countermeasuresin the research proposal?（）答案:To show the depth of thinking and enlist expected guidance.94.The recency of sources is crucial in research, and older sources are alwayspreferred for their depth.（）答案:错95.Which database is specifically mentioned for searching Master's and DoctoralDissertations? （）答案:CNKI96.When conducting a critique of a study, what should be considered about themethods used?（）答案:The validity for studying the problem.97.What is the primary characteristic of primary sources in research materialcollection? （）答案:They offer synthesized information from various perspectives. 98.What are common approaches to collecting primary source materialsmentioned in the lecture? （）答案:Surveys and questionnaires###Controlled experiments###One-on-one interviews99.What are potential mistakes in the title selection process? （）答案:Having unclear titles that do not convey the subjectmatter.###Using contemporary language to make the title appearoutdated.100.How does the researcher balance the focus of a research title?（）答案:By clearly defining the scope of the study.101.What is the purpose of conducting a comprehensive literature review in the title selection process? （）答案:To identify gaps, controversies, or areas requiring furtherexploration.102.An overly narrow title might limit the potential impact and relevance of the research. （）答案:对103.What is the significance of a well-chosen title? （）答案:It significantly enhances the academic value of the work.104.What are key characteristics of deconstruction in literary theory? （）答案:Highlighting textual undecidability and paradoxes.###Challenging traditional assumptions about language and meaning.###Questioning binary oppositions.105.What distinguishes quantitative data from qualitative data in research? （）答案:Quantitative data are numerical, while qualitative data can bedescribed in words.106.What is the primary goal of case studies in applied linguistics? （）答案:To enhance understanding of a phenomenon, process, person, or group.107.Case studies use a single data source, such as interviews, to explore particular phenomena. （）答案:错108.What are the three types of cultural studies? （）答案:New historicism, postcolonialism, American multiculturalism. 109.The dependent variable in a study investigating the effects of different study methods on exam performance is （）.答案:Exam performance110.What role does a moderating variable play in a research study? （）.答案:It influences the strength or direction of the relationship between independent and dependent variables.111.External validity assesses the extent to which research findings can be applied to populations, settings, or conditions beyond the specific study. （）答案:对112.How does deduction differ from induction in research? （）答案:Deduction is the process of reasoning from general principles tospecific predictions.113.The purposes of research include （）答案:Solving real-world problems###Testing existingtheories###Meeting graduation requirements###Advancingknowledge114.The potential academic consequences for students who engage in academic dishonesty include （）.答案:Monetary fines、Academic suspension and Expulsion from theInstitute115.The three key principles that experimental researchers need to carefully consider and implement before, during and after recruiting researchparticipants are （）.答案:Anonymity###Informed consent###Confidentiality116.It is unethical to conduct research which is badly planned or poorly executed.（）答案:对117.The primary focus of academic integrity in the context of research ethics is （）.答案:Fostering responsibility and trustworthiness in academic work 118.The pillars of academic integrity include all the aspects except （）答案:Excellence119.The primary purpose of literature reviews in research articles is （）.答案:To evaluate previously published material120.Methodological articles typically present highly technical materials, derivations, proofs, and details of simulations within the main body of thearticle. （）答案:对121.In a research article, many different sections can be found in empirical studies, including （）.答案:Method###Literature review###Introduction###Discussion 122.According to the lecture, which step in the procedures of thesis writing involves drafting a title and abstract? （）答案:Step 1: Choice of Topic123.The primary use of case studies is （）.答案:To illustrate a problem or shed light on research needs。
第一章蛋白质的结构与功能名词解释1.肽单元2.模体3.蛋白质变性4.β-折叠5.分子伴侣6.protein quaternary structure7.结构域8.蛋白质等电点9.辅基10.肽键11.α- 螺旋12.变构效应13.蛋白质一级结构14.蛋白质二级结构15.蛋白质三级结构16.蛋白质四级结构17.亚基18.肽问答题1.为何蛋白质的含氮量能表示蛋白质相对量？实验中又是如何依此原理计算蛋白质含量的？2.蛋白质的基本组成单位是什么？其结构特征是什么？3.何为氨基酸的等电点？如何计算精氨酸的等电点？（精氨酸的α- 羧基、α- 氨基和胍基的 pK 值分别为 2.17 ， 9.04 和 12.48 ）4.何谓肽键和肽链及蛋白质的一级结构？5.什么是蛋白质的二级结构？它主要有哪几种？各有何结构特征？ 6 ．举列说明蛋白质的四级结构。
7.已知核糖核酸酶分子中有 4 个二硫键，用尿素和β- 巯基乙醇使该酶变性后，其 4 个二硫键全部断裂。
在复性时，该酶 4 个二硫键由半胱氨酸随机配对产生，理论预期的正确配对率为 1 ％，而实验结果观察到正确配对率为 95 ％~100 ％，为什么？8.什么是蛋白质变性？变性与沉淀的关系如何？9.举列说明蛋白质一级结构、空间构象与功能之间的关系。
10.举例说明蛋白质的变构效应。
11.常用的蛋白质分离纯化方法有哪几种？各自的作用原理是什么？12.测定蛋白质空间构象的主要方法是什么？其基本原理是什么？第二章核酸的结构与功能名词解释1.核小体2.碱基互补（碱基配对）3.脱氧核苷酸4.增色效应5.Tm值6.核糖体7.核酶8.核酸分子杂交9.TΨC 环10.反密码环11.Z-DNA12.核酸变性13.核酸复性问答题1.细胞内有哪几类主要的 RNA ？其主要功能是什么？2.用32P标记的病毒感染细胞后产生有标记的后代，而用35S标记的病毒感染细胞则不能产生有标记的后代，为什么？3.一种 DNA 分子含 40 ％的腺嘌呤核苷酸，另一种 DNA 分子含 30 ％的胞嘧啶核苷酸，请问哪一种 DNA 的 Tm 值高？为什么？4.已知人类细胞基因组的大小约 30 亿 bp ，试计算一个二倍体细胞中 DNA 的总长度，这么长的 DNA 分子是如何装配到直径只有几微米的细胞核内的？5.简述 DNA 双螺旋结构模式的要点及其与 DNA 生物学功能的关系。
