关于英文版化学实验报告

Abstract:The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effect of pH on the crystallization of silver nitrate. By varying the pH of the silver nitrate solution, we aimed to observe and analyze the changes in the crystalline structure and growth rate of the silver nitrate crystals. The experiment involved preparing solutions of different pH levels, adding silver nitrate, and observing the crystallization process under controlled conditions. The results were analyzed using microscopic examination and data analysis techniques.Introduction:Silver nitrate, AgNO3, is a chemical compound commonly used in various applications, including photography, medicine, and the synthesis of other compounds. The crystallization of silver nitrate is a process that involves the formation of ordered structures from a disordered liquid state. The pH of the solution can significantly influence the crystallization process, as it affects the solubility and ion concentrations of the silver nitrate. This experiment aimed to explore the impact of pH on the crystallization of silver nitrate and its resulting crystal structure.Materials and Methods:1. Materials:- Silver nitrate (AgNO3) pellets- Distilled water- pH indicator paper- Beakers- Glass stirring rods- Microscopes- Data collection sheets2. Methods:a. Preparation of pH Solutions:- We prepared a series of pH solutions ranging from 2 to 10 using a pH meter and pH buffer solutions.- The pH solutions were mixed thoroughly and allowed toequilibrate before use.b. Preparation of Silver Nitrate Solutions:- We dissolved 0.1 g of silver nitrate in 10 mL of each pHsolution to obtain a 0.01 M silver nitrate solution.- The solutions were stirred for 10 minutes to ensure complete dissolution.c. Crystallization Process:- We transferred 5 mL of each silver nitrate solution into separate beakers.- The solutions were allowed to crystallize undisturbed for 24 hours at room temperature.- During the crystallization process, the solutions were periodically observed for changes in crystal formation.d. Microscopic Examination:- After crystallization, a small amount of each solution was placed on a microscope slide.- The slides were examined under a light microscope to observe the crystal structures and growth patterns.e. Data Analysis:- The observed crystal structures were documented and compared across different pH levels.- The size, shape, and growth rate of the crystals were measured and recorded.Results:1. pH Influence on Crystallization:- At pH 2, the solution exhibited rapid crystallization with the formation of small, needle-like crystals.- As the pH increased to 4, the crystallization rate slowed down, and the crystals became larger and more rounded.- At pH 6, the crystals were large, well-formed, and exhibited a cubic structure.- At pH 8, the crystals were still large but showed a decrease in size and a more irregular shape.- At pH 10, the crystallization process was significantly slower, and the crystals were small, amorphous, and difficult to observe under the microscope.2. Crystal Structure Analysis:- The crystal structures observed under the microscope varied with pH levels.- At pH 2, the crystals had a hexagonal prism shape, indicating a well-defined crystal lattice.- At pH 4, the crystals had a rhombic shape, suggesting a change in crystal lattice.- At pH 6, the crystals were cubic, which is the most common crystal structure for silver nitrate.- At pH 8, the crystals were octahedral, indicating a further change in crystal lattice.- At pH 10, the crystals were amorphous, suggesting a lack of long-range order.Discussion:The results of this experiment demonstrate that the pH of the silver nitrate solution significantly influences the crystallization process and the resulting crystal structure. As the pH increases, the crystallization rate decreases, and the crystal shape and structure change accordingly. This observation is consistent with the understanding that changes in pH alter the solubility and ion concentrations of silver nitrate, thereby affecting the crystallization process.The crystalline structures observed under the microscope were consistent with the literature, with the cubic structure being the most common for silver nitrate at neutral pH. The changes in crystal shape and structure with varying pH levels can be attributed to the different ion concentrations and interactions that occur at different pH conditions.Conclusion:In conclusion, this experiment has shown that the pH of the silver nitrate solution plays a crucial role in the crystallization process and the resulting crystal structure. By varying the pH, we were able to observe the changes in crystal shape, size, and growth rate. This experiment provides valuable insights into the factors that influence the crystallization of silver nitrate and can be useful in controlling the crystallization process for various applications.References:1. Chatterjee, S., & Ray, D. (2013). Crystal growth. New York: Taylor & Francis.2. Barus, R. M. (2006). The chemistry of crystallization. New York: Oxford University Press.3. Basu, A., & Basu, R. (2012). Crystallography. New York: John Wiley & Sons.4. Scherer, G. (2008). Fundamentals of Crystal Growth. New York: Springer Science & Business Media.。

英语作文,实验报告[5篇材料]第一篇：英语作文,实验报告请根据下列内容，写一篇短文，说明整个实验的内容。

实验目的：不打烂鸡蛋取走蛋壳实验器材：一个玻璃杯，一个小锅，水，一个鸡蛋，醋(vinegar)约250毫升实验步骤：1.把鸡蛋放在锅中煮十五分钟左右；2.把煮熟的鸡蛋放到玻璃杯中；3.往玻璃杯中倒醋，醋要漫过鸡蛋；4.让鸡蛋仔醋中浸泡24小时。

实验结果：24小时后，鸡蛋壳完全消失。

实验结论：醋中的酸性物质(acid)与蛋壳中的碳酸钙(calcium carbonate)反应生成二氧化碳(carbon dioxide)，蛋壳(shell)消失。

注意：词数：100—120。

写作指导：文章体裁是_______,因此时态可以是_______,全文可以这样分段：内容及要点信息常用句型及词汇：实验目的：the aim of the experiment is to…;in order to find out…;we carry out an experiment to…;with the purpose of…;in the hope of实验器材：you need…;the following things are neededwill be used实验步骤或方法：cookboil,fill…in,weigh,wait,place,react反应,form；first,first of all,next,second,after that,finally, in the end,at last, for 15minutes,24hours later…实验结论：from this we can conclude…we can learn from the experiment…we can find out that…the result is…you can seediscover…连词成句，再用上恰当的过渡词连句成篇：1.这个实验的目的是取走蛋壳而不打烂鸡蛋。

英文实验报告格式范文英文实验报告格式范文Title: The Effect of Temperature on Enzyme ActivityAbstract:The purpose of this experiment was to determine how temperature affects the activity of the enzyme amylase. Three different temperatures were tested: 10°C, 25°C, and 45°C. The results showed that the rate of reaction increased as the temperature increased up to 45°C. However, at temperatures above 45°C, the rate of reaction began to decrease due to denaturation of the enzyme. The optimal temperature for amylase activity was found to be 45°C. These findings have important implications for the use of enzymes in industrial processes. Introduction:Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions without being consumed in the process. They are essential for life and are used in a wide range of industrial processes. Enzyme activity is affected by a number of factors, including temperature, pH, and substrate concentration. Temperature is one of the most important factors affecting enzyme activity. Enzymes have an optimal temperature at which they work most efficiently. At temperatures above or below thisoptimal temperature, the rate of reaction decreases. At very high temperatures, enzymes can become denatured and lose their ability to function.Materials and Methods:The experiment was performed using a solution of amylase enzyme and starch. Three test tubes were prepared, each containing 5 mL of the enzyme solution and 1 mL of starch solution. The test tubes were then heated to three different temperatures: 10°C, 25°C, and 45°C. The temperature was controlled using a water bath. A control test tube was also prepared, containing the same amount of enzyme and starch, but no temperature was applied. The reaction was allowed to proceed for 10 minutes, after which the test tubes were removed from the water bath and the absorbance of each solution was measured using a spectrophotometer.Results:The results showed that the rate of reaction increased as the temperature increased up to 45°C. At 10°C, the rate of reaction was very slow, with an absorbance reading of 0.010. At 25°C, the rate of reaction was faster, with an absorbance reading of 0.035. At 45°C, the rate of reaction was the fastest, with an absorbance reading of 0.080. However, at temperaturesabove 45°C, the rate of reaction began to decrease due to denaturation of the enzyme. The control test tube had an absorbance reading of 0.005, indicating that no reaction had taken place.Discussion:The results of this experiment demonstrate that temperature has a significant effect on the activity of the enzyme amylase. The optimal temperature for amylase activity was found to be 45°C. At temperatures above this, the enzyme began to denature and lose its activity. These findings have important implications for the use of enzymes in industrial processes. Industries that use enzymes must carefully control the temperature of their processes to ensure that the enzymes work efficiently.Conclusion:This experiment has shown that temperature has a significant effect on the activity of the enzyme amylase. The optimal temperature for amylase activity was found to be 45°C. These findings have important implications for the use of enzymes in industrial processes, where temperature control is crucial for ensuring efficient enzyme activity.。

英文实验报告作文Experiment Report。

The experiment was a total disaster. Nothing went according to plan. The chemicals spilled everywhere, the equipment malfunctioned, and the results were completely unexpected. It was a complete mess from start to finish.I couldn't believe how poorly everything turned out. I had spent weeks preparing for this experiment, and it all fell apart in a matter of minutes. It was frustrating and disappointing, to say the least. I had high hopes for this project, but it was a total bust.Despite the failure of the experiment, I learned a valuable lesson. I learned that not everything in science goes as planned, and sometimes you have to be prepared for the unexpected. It was a humbling experience that taught me the importance of perseverance and adaptability in the face of challenges.Moving forward, I will take this experience as a learning opportunity. I will use it to improve my skills and become a better scientist. I will be more cautious in my preparations, double-check my equipment, and be ready to pivot if things don't go as expected. This experiment may have been a failure, but it will not define me as a scientist.In conclusion, the experiment was a disaster, but it was also a valuable learning experience. It taught me important lessons about resilience, adaptability, and the unpredictable nature of science. Despite the setbacks, I am determined to continue pursuing my passion for research and discovery. Failure is just a stepping stone on the path to success.。

英文实验报告Experimental ReportTitle: The Effects of Temperature on the Growth of Tomato Plants Introduction:This experiment aims to investigate the effects of temperature on the growth of tomato plants. Tomatoes are one of the most widely cultivated crops, and their yield is influenced by various environmental factors, including temperature. Understanding the impact of temperature on tomato plant growth is essential for optimizing their cultivation conditions.Materials and Methods:1. Tomato seeds: Variety X2. Planting pots: 10 cm in diameter3. Potting soil4. Thermometer5. Light source6. Watering can7. Experimental chambers set to different temperatures: 15°C, 20°C, 25°C, 30°C, and 35°C.8. Measuring tapeProcedure:1. Plant tomato seeds in the planting pots filled with potting soil.2. Water the pots regularly to keep the soil moist.3. Place the pots in the experimental chambers set to the different temperature conditions.4. Ensure that each temperature condition has an equal number ofpots.5. Maintain a light source to provide consistent illumination throughout the experiment.6. Measure the height of the tomato plants every seven days using the measuring tape.7. Record the growth data for each temperature condition over a four-week period.Results:The following table presents the average plant height (cm) for each temperature condition:Temperature (°C) | Week 1 | Week 2 | Week 3 | Week 4----------------------------------------------------15 | 3.5 | 7.2 | 12.1 | 18.420 | 4.1 | 8.7 | 14.5 | 22.025 | 4.7 | 9.3 | 16.3 | 25.630 | 3.9 | 7.8 | 13.6 | 20.135 | 2.8 | 5.6 | 10.4 | 16.2Discussion:Based on the results, it is evident that temperature significantly affects the growth of tomato plants. Optimum growth was observed at a temperature of 25°C, where the plants had the highest average height throughout the four-week period. At lower temperatures (15°C and 20°C), the growth rate was slower, while at higher temperatures (30°C and 35°C), the growth rate decreased significantly. This indicates that extreme temperatures can negatively impact tomato plant growth.Conclusion:The experiment confirms that temperature plays a crucial role in the growth of tomato plants. The optimal temperature for tomato plant growth was found to be 25°C, whereas lower and higher temperatures resulted in reduced growth. These findings highlight the importance of maintaining suitable temperature conditions for maximizing tomato crop yields in agricultural practices.。

Objective:The objective of this experiment was to purify a compound through the process of recrystallization, which involves dissolving a solid in a suitable solvent, allowing it to slowly crystallize out, and then isolating the pure crystals.Materials:- Impure solid compound- Solvent (selected based on solubility in hot and cold conditions)- Beaker- Stirring rod- Filter paper- Buchner funnel- Desiccator- Analytical balance- Heat source (e.g., hot plate)- ThermometerProcedure:1. Solvent Selection:- A suitable solvent was chosen based on the solubility of the compound in hot and cold conditions. The compound should be highly soluble in the solvent at high temperatures but sparingly soluble at room temperature.2. Dissolution:- The impure solid compound was weighed accurately using an analytical balance.- The compound was added to a beaker containing a sufficient amount of the hot solvent. The beaker was placed on a heat source, and the mixture was stirred continuously until the compound completely dissolved.3. Cooling:- The hot solution was then allowed to cool slowly to room temperature. This could be achieved by placing the beaker in an ice bath or simply allowing it to sit undisturbed. It is crucial to cool the solution slowly to promote the formation of large, well-defined crystals.4. Crystallization:- Once the solution had cooled to room temperature, it was observed for the formation of crystals. The crystals began to form as the solubility of the compound decreased with temperature.5. Filtering:- The solution was then filtered through a Buchner funnel lined with filter paper to remove any remaining impurities and undissolved solid particles. The filter paper was washed with a small amount of the cold solvent to ensure that all the crystals were collected.6. Drying:- The collected crystals were transferred to a desiccator to remove any remaining solvent. The desiccator was left open for a sufficient amount of time to allow the crystals to dry completely.7. Analysis:- The purity of the crystals was analyzed using melting point determination. The melting point of the recrystallized compound was compared to the literature value to assess the purity.Results:- Solubility Data:- Solubility in hot solvent: [insert solubility value]- Solubility in cold solvent: [insert solubility value]- Crystallization Time:- Time taken for crystallization: [insert time value]- Purity Assessment:- Melting point of the recrystallized compound: [insert melting point value]- Literature melting point: [insert literature melting point value]- Conclusion regarding purity: [insert conclusion based on the comparison of melting points]Discussion:The recrystallization process was successful in purifying the compound, as evidenced by the higher melting point of the recrystallized crystals compared to the impure sample. The choice of solvent was critical in ensuring that the compound was highly soluble at high temperatures but sparingly soluble at room temperature. The slow cooling of the solution was also essential for the formation of large, well-defined crystals. The purity of the final product was confirmed by the melting point analysis, which indicated a high level of purity.Conclusion:This experiment demonstrated the effectiveness of the recrystallization process in purifying a solid compound. The careful selection of a suitable solvent and the control of cooling conditions are crucial factors in achieving a high-purity final product. The knowledge gained from this experiment will be valuable in future synthetic and purification processes.。

糖、氨基酸和蛋白质的鉴定糖类化合物：又称碳水化合物，是多羟基醛或多羟基酮及其缩聚物和某些衍生物的总称，一般由碳、氢与氧三种元素所组成。

实验目的：（1）进一步了解糖的化学性质；（2）掌握鉴定糖的方法及其原理。

（一）-萘酚试验（molish)糖类化合物一个比较普遍的定性反应是molish 反应。

即在浓硫酸存在下，糖与-萘酚(molish试剂）作用生成紫色环。

实验方法取3支试管，编号，分别加入 ml %的各待测糖水溶液，滴入2滴molish 试剂（ -萘酚的乙醇溶液），摇匀。

把试管倾斜450，沿管壁慢慢加入约1ml 浓硫酸（切勿摇动），小心竖直后仔细观察两层液面交界处的颜色变化。

硫酸在下层,试液在上层样品：葡萄糖、蔗糖及淀粉解释:糖被浓硫酸脱水生成糠醛或糠醛衍生物，后者进一步与-萘酚缩合生成紫红色物质，在糖液和浓硫酸的液面间形成紫色环。

（二） fehling试验（1）实验原理fehling试剂：含有硫酸铜和酒石酸钾钠的氢氧化钠溶液。

硫酸铜与碱溶液混合加热，生成黑色的氧化铜沉淀。

若同时有还原糖存在，则产生黄色或砖红色的氧化亚铜沉淀。

为防止铜离子和碱反应生成氢氧化铜或碱性碳酸铜沉淀，fehling试剂中需加入酒石酸钾钠，它与cu2＋形成的酒石酸钾钠络合铜离子是可溶性的络离子。

（2）操作方法取4支试管，编号，分别加入fehling试剂i和ii 各。

摇匀并置于水浴中微热后，分别加入5滴待测糖溶液，振荡后置于沸水浴中加热2 ~ 3min，取出冷却，观察颜色变化及有无沉淀析出。

fehling试剂 i：称取 g硫酸铜溶于100 ml蒸馏水中, 得淡蓝色的 fehling试剂 i。

fehling试剂 ii：将17g酒石酸钾钠溶于20ml热水中，然后加入20 ml 含5 g naoh的水溶液，稀释至100 ml得无色透明的fehling试剂 ii。

样品：葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖及麦芽糖解释: 硫酸铜与碱溶液混合加热，生成黑色的氧化铜沉淀。

Writing an Experiment ReportWriting an experiment report is a very stylized genre of writing. It should be as efficiently written as possible and should provide each item of information just where readers will expect it to be. Nothing redundant. The paper should contain 6 sections: a short Abstract, an Introduction, Methods（Process）, Results（Data）, Discussion and Conclusions. The Bibliography, Tables, Figures and typically come at the end (though the Tables and Figures can also be inserted within the text).ABSTRACT:Always include an abstract for ANY paper (in my opinion). Write it as one paragraph, about 200 words or less. This is a concise summary of the entire experiment. Include the rationale, method, results, and significance in highly abbreviated form (but using full sentences). Look at some published journal abstracts or Society Meeting abstracts to get the idea of how to write one.INTRODUCTION:Give background rationale for the experiment. Why were you motivated to do this experiment? Or more accurately, given what you actually found, why MIGHT you have wanted to do this experiment? Your report, in other words, should not be biographical or historical. Experiments are often exploratory; we often are not testing a specific hypothesis. And, in any case, readers really don't care what you THOUGHT you might find but did not. The paper should tell a story about what the data actually show. Summarize results of earlier research that are necessary to account for the conduct of the experiment (as relevant to the interesting aspects of your results) and help the reader to able to have some expectations about what the experiment will show (whether right or wrong).Pay attention to your use of verb tenses in the text. It is easy (but confusing to readers) to slip back and forth between `The subject read the words at two speaking rates' and later `We measure the duration of the vowels by ....’Avoid this.The last paragraph before the Methods should sketch in readable style the basic logic of the experimental design to come. Eg, “Thus, in the following experiment, Ss were asked to read words with both voicing values in position X at two speaking rates in order to see whether rate has an effect on the ratio of the vowel duration to consonant duration. Weexpected to find no difference in ratio due to speaking rate.'' (Or whatever.)METHODS:There are 3 logical parts to the methods: the Independent Variables(input variables, the things you controlled: place of article, word length, speaking rate, etc or whatever), the Task performed by the subjects, and the Dependent Variables. You have a task (eg, reading these phrases in a some way) for which certain values of the IV s are set (eg, +/-voice, +/- front, final stops at two speaking rates, etc.). Then you measure the DV s (eg, vowel durations, F0 contours, whatever). Finally you look for ways in which the DV s are structured by (influenced by) the IV s. This section should be tight and business-like in style.Of course, you need to tell your readers about at least the following: ∙characteristics of your subjects (sex, native language, age range, etc.; and the instructions you gave them),∙how the recordings were made, including major equipment items, ∙analysis of the recordings; the measurement procedures; the software employed. Describe any special problems in measurementthat arose and your solution to them,∙describe the statistics you performed, if any.RESULTS:Systematically go through the relevant aspects of your data. Present tables and graphs of the DV s. The organization of these paragraphs will probably be in terms of the IV s. For example, "The change in value of IV affects both DV1 and DV2,".)Describe the important features of the data in the text. Lead the reader through the tables and figures (eg, "As can be seen in the left side of Figure 1,..."). Devise data presentation techniques that make the real meaning of the data as clear as possible. Be sure to label graphs and figures clearly. Organization of paragraphs would normally be in terms of the independent variables.DISCUSSION:1) Organization of paragraphs (subsections) may often be in terms of independent variables (i.e. the factors varied in the experimental design).2) Compare your results to previous similar experiments. To what extent do your results resemble those found before?3) What new discoveries have you found? What is their significance to specific and more general issues in the area?CONCLUSIONS:Review and summarize very briefly what was done in this experiment and what you found in the results. State in general terms the most important discovery in the experiment. You may also want to suggest follow-up experiments.Notes on Experimental Writing Style1) Avoid first person pronouns no matter how awkward it may seem. "I asked the Ss to..." => "The Ss were asked to...".2) Paper is cheap! It is easier to spread out your text and figures and use many separate pages.3) Be as pithy as possible. Learn to use standard verbal formulas to abbreviate descriptions of methods, statistics, etc. Never be concerned that your paper is too short. It can only be too long. Say everything you have to say and no more. If you want to stretch out your paper, do it in the Discussion-- keep the Methods and Results tight, systematic and predictable.4) Make a careful outline that you update as you write. It's generally easiest to write the Methods first, then Results (starting a new page), then sketch out the Discussion (starting a new page), and finally create an easily read and descriptive title. Then write the Introduction last.5) When completed, the order of parts should be: Abstract, Text, References, Tables (on a separate pages unless very small), Figures (each on a separate page unless very small and labeled at the bottom). All tables and figures need a legend (on the page or listed on a separate page). Staple on diagonal in upper left hand corner. No fancy covers or plastic folders! Typed, of course, and EVERYTHING DOUBLE SPACED.6) Use plenty of Figures! Be creative with figures to facilitate the reader's understanding.But most of all HAVE FUN.。

肉桂酸的制备一、 实验目的和要求1、 学习肉桂酸的合成方法；2、 掌握Perkin 反应的原理和应用；3、 掌握回流操作；4、 熟练水蒸汽蒸馏和重结晶操作。

二、 实验内容和原理芳香醛和酸酐在碱性催化剂作用下，可以发生类似羟醛缩合的反应，生成α，β-不饱和芳香醛，称为Perkin 反应。

催化剂通常是相应酸酐羧酸钾或钠盐，有时也可用碳酸钾或叔胺代替，典型的例子是肉桂酸的制备：3CH COOK6532653170180C H CHO+(CH CO)O C H CH=CHCOOH+CH COOH C︒−−−−→ 碱的作用是促使酸酐发生烯醇化反应，生成乙酸酐碳负离子，接着碳负离子与芳醛发生亲核加成，第三步是中间产物的氧酰基交换产生更稳定的β-酰氧基丙酸负离子，最后经β-消去产生肉桂酸盐。

用碳酸钾代替乙酸甲，反应周期可明显缩短。

反应机理如下：H 3CCO CCH O O O COO 3CCO CO O 2HH 3CCOCH 2OC O CH 3OO C O3OO -HClOOH虽然理论上肉桂酸存在顺反异构体，但Perkin 反应只得到反式肉桂酸(熔点133℃)。

顺式异构体(熔点68℃)不稳定，在较高的反应温度下很容易转变为热力学更稳定的反式异构体。

肉桂酸可用于制备L-苯丙氨酸、用作冠心病药心可安的中间体，还可用于制造局部麻醉剂、杀菌剂、止血药等；在香料工业用于制取苯基丙烯酸甲酯、乙酯和苯酯，用作食品、化妆品香料，有较好保香作用；用于农药工业生长促进剂、长效杀菌剂、果品蔬菜的防腐剂等；还用于生产感光树脂的主要原料乙烯基肉桂酸。

肉桂酸是测定铀、钒及分离钍的试剂。

三、主要物料及产物的物理常数四、主要仪器设备仪器磁力搅拌器；球形冷凝管；回流装置；水蒸气蒸馏装置；抽滤装置；水循环真空泵；热水漏斗。

试剂苯甲醛(新蒸)；乙酸酐(新蒸)；无水碳酸钾；氢氧化钠；浓盐酸；乙醇。

五、操作方法和实验步骤实验装置图：加热回流装置 保温过滤装置水蒸气蒸馏装置六、 实验结果与分析实验合成肉桂酸粗产品(未干燥)共9.38g ，呈微黄色粉末状固体，很像奶粉。