系动词情态动词
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情态动词和系动词专项复习一.连系动词连系动词又叫系动词,它不能直接作谓语,后面常跟形容词(作表语)构成系表结构表达完整的意义。
常见的系动词有:be, become, get, turn, grow, look, sound, smell, taste, feel, keep, seem, remain, stay, come, fall, go 等。
如:1)He looked very excited. 他看起来很兴奋。
2)Roses smell sweet. 玫瑰闻起来很香。
3)It's getting colder and colder. 天变得越来越冷了注意:系动词没有被动语态,一般不能用于进行时态。
二.情态动词情态动词本身具有一定的意义,但不能单独作谓语,后面必须跟动词原形一起构成谓语,表示说话人的语气、态度以及请求、愿望等。
它没有人称和数的变化(have to 除外)。
常见的情态动词有:can, could, may, might, must, should, would, need等。
1.can 的用法(1)表示能力,意为―能,会‖,否定式为can't,过去式为could。
如:—Can you dance?你会跳舞吗?—Yes, I can./No, I can't. 是的,我会。
/不,我不会I can skate.=I am able to skate.我会溜冰。
(2)表示请求、许可,此时与may 同义。
如:Can/May I borrow your umbrella? 我能借你的雨伞用吗?(3)表示客观可能性或推测,常用于否定句和疑问句中。
如:It can't be Mary. She has gone to the library. 那不可能是玛丽,她已经去了图书馆。
Can it be true?这可能是真的吗?注意:(1)can 与be able to 的区别:can 意为―能,会;可以;可能‖,只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时(could),没有人称和数的变化。
系动词的分类系动词是英语中一大重要词汇,它们可以用来表达情感,表述状态或者连接不同的句子。
系动词常被认为是非常有用的,因为它们能够提供很多信息。
系动词可以分为许多种,其中最常见的包括be动词、情态动词和助动词。
一、Be动词Be动词是一种表示存在的动词,也叫时态动词,用于表达某人或某物的存在,如am,is,are,was,were,has been,have been,had been等。
例如:I am a student. 他们是老师。
They are teachers. 她是一位伟大的作家。
She was a great writer。
二、情态动词情态动词是一种表示说话者对某件事情的看法和状态的动词,它们通常用于表达某人或某物的感受,如can,could,may,might,must,shall,should,will,would 等。
例如:He can do it. 他可以做到。
We may go there. 我们可以去那里。
三、助动词助动词也叫弱动词,是一种用于表达说话者对某件事情的看法的动词,常用的助动词有do,does,did,have,has,had,can,could,may,might,shall,should,will,would等。
例如:Do you like it? 你喜欢它吗?Does he know it? 他知道这件事吗?四、其它类别除了前面提到的几种系动词外,还有许多其它类别,比如使役动词、补语动词、混合动词、联系动词、系表结构等等。
使役动词是一种用于表达对某人或某事的命令和指示的动词,常用的有make,let,have,get,help,make,take等。
例如:Let me help you. 让我帮助你。
Make him do it. 让他做它。
补语动词是一种用于表达某人或某物的行为或状态的动词,常用的有seem,look,feel,taste,smell,sound,become,remain,stay,go,come,fall,rise 等。
系动词6大类在英语中,系动词也被称为情态动词,它们能够表达出主语对行为的态度或者情绪。
它们是英语句子中不可或缺的一部分,可以表达出主语持有的意见。
系动词一般分为六大类,其中有时态系动词、语气系动词、程度系动词、建议系动词、条件系动词和能力系动词。
首先,时态系动词一般有will,shall,would,should,may,might,can,could等。
它们可以用来表示将要发生或者已经发生的动作,也可以表达出将来的可能性或者请求他人帮助。
举个例子,I will go to the party tomorrow.表示明天我将去参加聚会。
其次,语气系动词一般有must,need,ought to,dare等。
它们可以用来表达出主语的态度或强烈的观点,也可以表达出对某人的建议。
举个例子,You must try your best.表示对某人的坚强鼓励。
再次,程度系动词一般有ever,almost,nearly,quite,hardly 等。
它们可以用来表达出主语的情感强度,也可以用来表达差不多的意思。
举个例子,I hardly ever go to parties.表达出几乎不去参加聚会的意思。
第四,建议系动词一般有let,let him,had better,let us 等。
它们可以用来表达出建议,也可以表达出某人的要求。
举个例子,Let go out for a walk.表达出出去散步的建议。
接下来,条件系动词一般有if,unless,provided,as long as 等。
它们可以用来表示某种条件,也可以用来表达某种假设。
举个例子,If you work hard, you will succeed.表达出只有努力工作才能取得成功的假设。
最后,能力系动词一般有can,be able to,could等。
它们可以用来表达能力的强弱,也可以用来表达对某一行为的可能性。
举个例子,He can speak three languages.表示他能够说三种语言。
情态动词和系动词动词动词是表示动作(tudy,find,wim等)或状态(be,like,feel等)的词。
动词具有人称、数量、时态、和语态变化。
助行为动词组成各种时态、语态、语气以及疑问或否定形式。
常见的助动词有等。
昨天整天下雨。
你也这么认为吗我学英语已经许多年了。
三.系动词。
系动词含有一定意义,它们要与其后做表语的形容词、名词或介词(短语)一起构成合成谓语。
系动词按意义可分为三类,而且有自己的特定用法。
1、按意义系动词有:be,(似乎),(保持),remain,tay等,如:他似乎很高兴。
2、表示感觉的系动词有(看起来),feel,mell,(听起来),tate等。
如:它看起来很丑。
It情态动词本身有一定含义,但不能单独作谓语,要和行为动词一起构成谓语。
常见的情态动词有:can,may,mut,need,hould等。
1.can/could(1)表示能力,“能,会”,一般用can,could。
如:他会讲一点英语。
你会游泳吗?(2)表示征求意见。
could比can语气更委婉。
你能把你的笔借给我吗?(3)beableto也表示能力,它和can的区别如下:表示做事的能力,两者可通用。
但can只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时。
beableto可用于任何时态。
如:e.g.她小时候能吃四片面包。
Sheeatfourpieceofbreadwhenhewayoung.他们很快就能画完。
Theyfinihthedrawingoon.2.may(1)表示请求许可,表示“可能,可以”,否定形式为或mutn’t(不许可,不应该)-MayIopenthewindow–No,you(2)表示可能,“也许”他也许知道答案。
3.mut(1)表示,否定形式为(不必)e.g.我必须八点之前到家吗?是的,你必须。
不,不必。
?Ye,you.No,you(2)表示义务,“应该”,否定形式为,(不应该),你不应该那样做。
(3)表示推测,“一定”否定形式为()它一定是玛丽的,上面有她的名字。
系动词助动词情态动词1.情态动词的用法有哪些?情态动词包括can、could、may、might、must、shall、should、will、would等,用于表示能力、可能性、必要性、意愿等。
2.什么是半情态动词?举例说明。
半情态动词是指后面接动词原形,但在否定句和疑问句中需要借助do的动词,如have to(不得不)、had better(最好)、used to(过去常常)等。
3.情态动词是否有三单形式?为什么?情态动词除了have to外,没有三单形式。
这是因为情态动词本身就是带有情态色彩的助动词,不需要变化来表示人称和数的变化。
4.need既可以作实义动词,也可以作情态动词,举例说明。
need作实义动词时,后面接to do或doing,如___作情态动词时,后面接动词原形,如___ it.5.怎样表达推测?举例说明。
可以使用情态动词来表达推测,如must be(一定是)、can be(可能是)、may be(也许是)、can’t be(一定不是)等。
例如:He must be at home now.6.maybe和may be有什么区别?maybe是副词,常用于句首,表示“也许”,如Maybe it___是谓语动词,用于句中,表示“可能是”,如___.7.在一般疑问句中,must和need开头的回答分别是什么?在一般疑问句中,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to(不必)。
例如:Must I finish it today。
Yes。
you must。
No。
you needn’t.8.在一般疑问句中,may开头的回答分别是什么?在一般疑问句中,肯定回答用may或can,否定回答用can’t或mustn’t。
例如:May I use your phone。
Yes。
you may。
No。
you can’t.1."Where is Mr。
Lee。
I have something unusual to tell him." "You may not find him。
动词的分类动词的分类基本上是三类:系动词,助动词和情态动词。
一:系动词1. be动词:be动词是最常见的连系动词,它的一般现在时态形式有am,is,are;过去时的形式是was,were。
随主语的人称和数的变化而变化。
2.其他可以做系动词的词:另外有一些词也可以做系动词用,其后接形容词,名词或介词短语,这类词有become,turn,grow,look,smell,sound, taste等。
如:Tom’s mother looks tired3. 可做实义动词的系动词:大多数感官动词,都既可以做系动词,也可以做实义动词,此时单独做谓语。
感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如:This kind of cloth feels very soft.This flower smells very sweet.4.表像系动词:用来表示"看起来像"这一概念,主要有seem, appear, look, 例如:He looks tired.He seems (to be) very sad.二:助动词:1)协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词(Auxiliary Verb)。
被协助的动词称作主要动词(Main Verb)。
助动词本身没有意义,不能单独做谓语,只能和行为动词一起构成谓语,表示疑问,否定,时态及语态等。
助动词自身没有词义,不可单独使用,例如:He doesn't like English.(doesn't是助动词,无词义;like是主要动词,有词义)2)助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用,可以用来:a. 表示时态,例如:He is singing./ He has got married.b. 表示语态,例如:He was sent to England.c. 构成疑问句或否定,例如:Do you like college life?/ He doesn’t like his college life .三:情态动词:表示说话人的语气和情态,如需要,可能,怀疑,愿意等,有一定的词义,但不完整,必须和主要动词的原形一起构成谓语,常见的情态动词有:can, could, may, might, must, need, shall, will, should, would及半情态动词had better, have to1。
2010年中考英语试题考点十三、情态动词和系动词(2010 .河北省卷,31. 1) -Do we have to finish our homework this afternoon?-Yes, you ________.A. mustB. canC. mayD. need【答案】A(2010湖南省娄底市5. 1) -Must I be in hospital for a week, Doctor? ?-No, you . You can go back home tomorrow.?A.mustn'tB.needn'tC. must?【答案】B(2010湖南省娄底市7. 1) -What do you think of the cake??-I like it very much. It tastes .?A.goodB.terribleC. well【答案】A(2010.江苏省盐城市3.1)The desk is not dirty.You_______clean it.A.mustn'tB.shouldn'tC.needn't C.can't【答案】C(2010.四川省内江市23. 1)-What is your mother going to do this Saturday?--I'm not sure.She_____go to see my grandmother.A.canB.mustC.may【答案】C(2010.四川省自贡市31. 1)-May we leave the classroom now?--No,you _________.You_________to leave until the bell rings.A.must;are allowedB.can't ,aren't supposedC.needn't ;aren't allowed【答案】C(2010山东省潍坊市20. 1)The cookies_______good .Could I have some more?A.tasteB.smellC.feelD.sound【答案】A(2010山东省潍坊市23. 1)-Is Jessica giving us a speech this evening?--No,it________be her.She________to Japan.A.mustn't ;has goneB.mustn't ;has beenC.can't ;has goneD.can't ;has been【答案】C(2010江苏省南京市6. 1)It's the library!So you________know shouting is not al lowed here.A.canB.mustC.needD.may【答案】B(2010.浙江省衢州市18. 1) - Shall we go for a picnic in the park this Saturday?- Oh, that _______ good.A. feelsB. looksC. tastesD. Sounds【答案】D(2010.浙江省衢州市24. 1) Boys and girls . don't forget your report . It ______ today .A. can't finishB. can't be finishedC. should finishD. should be finished【答案】D(2010.江苏省无锡市.8. 1)-Mr Smith must have been to your home this morning.--No,he______,because he didn't know my address.A.couldn'tB.can'tC.mustn'tD.may not【答案】A(2010.江苏省无锡市.9. 1)Though his grandmother lives ______,she never feels____ ____.A.alone;aloneB.lonely;lonelyC.alone;lonelyD.lonely;alone 【答案】C(2010江苏省宿迁市9. 1)This piece of music _______ beautiful.A. looksB. soundsC. tastesD. smells【答案】B(2010年上海市36. 1)Is this a photo of your danguter?She looks _____in the pink dress!A.lovelyB.quietlyC.politelyD.happily【答案】A(2010年上海市45. 1)Everyone________go through the security check(安检)whe ne ntering the World Expo Park.A.canB.mayC.mustD.ought【答案】C(2010·湖北省黄冈市,33,1)-Which T-shirt do you prefer?--The red one .It______more comfortable.A.tastesB.smellsC.feelsD.sounds【答案】C(2010.湖南长沙25. 1)-Must I finish my homework at school?--______.You can do it at home and hand it in next week.A.Yes,you mustB.No,you needn'tC.Yes,I can【答案】B(2010·江苏省扬州市,11,1)-Must I mop up the follr now?--No,you________.A.needn'tB.can'tC.shouldn'tD.mustn't【答案】A(2010四川省成都市33. 1)-The lake is said to be dry.Is that ture?--It _______.Look ,some kids are swimming in it.A.must be trueB.can't be trueC.may not be true【答案】B(2010·浙江省湖州市,19,1)-Is the man over there Mr. Brown?--It_____be him.He's much shorter.A.mustB.can'tC.needn'tD.may【答案】B(2010·山西省,26,1)______your American friend eat with chopsticks?-Yes, but he can't use them well.A. CanB.ShouldC. Must【答案】A(2010·湖北省武汉市,31,1)-Look at that girl! Is it Susan?--No, it _______ be her. She has gone back to her hometown.A. mustn'tB. can'tC. needn'tD. wouldn't【答案】B(2010·河南省,34,1)( )-It's such a long way! What shall I do?一You--take my car if you wantA willB mustC mayD shall【答案】C(2010·陕西省,26,1)-Must I finish my homework at school?--No,you_________.You can do it at home.A.can'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.won't【答案】C(2010·广西省梧州市,43,1)This is a secret between you and me.You_______tell it to others.A.shouldB.mustn'tC.canD.may【答案】B(2010·山东省聊城市,28,1)-Dean,I hear you've got a set of Canadian stamps._ _______I have a look?--Of course .I'll fetch them for you.A.MayB.MustC.ShouldD.Need【答案】A(2010·湖北省十堰市,29,1)-Where's Jeff?--I'm not sure. He ______be playing football on the playground.A.needB.mightC.mustD.can【答案】B(2010·广西省梧州市,39,1)Song Zuying's voice is very sweet and her songs___ __very beautiful.A.tasteB.soundC.smellD.feel【答案】B(2010·新疆省阜康市,25,1)( )-The winner of the race is a tall and thin b oy with glasses.--Then it_____be my friend,Mike,who looks like very fat.A.mightB.can'tC.don'tD.should【答案】B(2010·山东省莱芜市,30,1)--Listen! Is it Linda singing in the next room? --No, it __________ be her. She is still in Shanghai.A.can't B.couldn't C.may not D.might no t【答案】A(2010·贵州省铜仁市,24,1)__This pair of shoes ____ belong to Jack. He likes this kind very much.- It ____ be his. It's too large for him.A. can; can'tB. may; needn'tC. must; mustn'tD. must; can't【答案】A(2010·福建省福州市,34,1)-Dad,must I do my homework now?--No.You________play games with your friends for a little while.A.wouldB.needn't D.may【答案】C(2010·湖北省黄石市,31,1) Teachers think students needn't do so much homewo rk , but they _______ mal students do a lot in the past.A. have toB. mustC. had toD. Should【答案】C(2010·湖北省荆门市,29,1)You __▲ ____ smoke. You are only 14 and it isn't allowed.A. mustn'tB. don't have toC. needn'tD. won't【答案】A(2010·湖北省荆门市,30,1)The skirt is made of silk. It __▲ ____so soft, I like it.A. washesB. is washedC. is feltD. feels 【答案】D(2010·湖北省襄樊市,34,1)- Can I go to the movie , Mum ?- Certaninly , But you ________ be back by ten o'clock .A. canB. mayC. mightD. must【答案】D(2010·黑龙江省鸡西市,34,1)( )―Can I take the magazine s out?-No, sir. They ______ out of the reading-room. It's a rule.A. needn't be takenB. can't takeC. mustn't be taken 【答案】C(2010·广西省定西市,22,1)( )--Who's that man? Is he Mr. Brown?--That be Mr. Brown. He never walks this way.A. can'tB. mustn'tC. mustD.can【答案】A(2010·广西省定西市,四,1)( )1.--Must I leave the room now?--No,you .A. needn'tB. can'tC. mustn'tD. couldn't【答案】A(2010·广西省桂林市,34,1)--- _____ I use your ruler, Lingling? --- Sure. H ere you are.A. MayB. WouldC. NeedD. Must【答案】A(2010福建三明26. 1)-Whose jacket is it?--It_______be Wu Lei's .I saw him wear it just now.A.can'tB.mustC.may【答案】A(2010广西南宁33. 1)-Something ________terrible.What goes bad in the kitchen? --The meat.A.looksB.tastesC.smellsD.feels【答案】C(2010四川达州21.1) -Must I finish my homework right now?-No, you .A. needn'tB. may notC. mustn'tD. can't【答案】A(2010四川达州25. 1)This kind of paper soft.A. feelsB. tastesC. smellsD. sounds 【答案】A(2010·天津市,44,1)-Can I wear any cothes I like to school?--No,you can't .You________wear a uniform.A.mightB.mustC.willD.would【答案】B(2010·青海省,宁夏,22,1)() ---Must I do the work today?---No, you _______. You may do it tomorrow.A. can'tB. mustn'tC. shouldn'tD. needn' t【答案】D(2010·辽宁省沈阳市,9,1)Trees ____ fight air pollution.They are natural ai r conditioners.A.should B.must C.need D.can【答案】D(2010·江苏省镇江市,3,1)( )They _________ play football last Friday becau se Simon forgot to bring his football here.A. couldB. couldn'tC. can'tD. can【答案】B(2010·湖北省咸宁市,24,1) - Wow! You look different! You wear gl asses.- Yes, I did. But now I am wearing contact lenses(隐形眼镜).A. couldB. mustC. used toD. would【答案】C(2010·江苏省连云港市,3,1)---__________ I have a ticket , please?---Sorry,sir. All the tickets were sold out ten minutes ago.A. MayB.NeedC.MustD.Should【答案】A(2010·浙江省杭州市,22,1)I'm feeling much better now so you ______ call the doctor.A. couldn'tB. wouldn'tC. can'tD. needn't【答案】D(2010·甘肃省兰州市,38,1)-May we leave the classroom now?-No, you ______. You ______ to leave until the bell rings.A. mustn't, are allowedB. don't have to, are supposedC. needn't, aren't allowedD. can't, aren't supposed【答案】D(2010·四川省眉山市,32,1)-- Can I tell Peter about the news?-- No, I don't want anyone else to know it. You keep it to yourself.A. mustB. needC. canD. may【答案】A(2010·四川省巴中市,42,1)You______be tired after playing sports for a long time without a rest.A.mustB.needC.can't【答案】A(2010·江苏省苏州市,12,1)-I don't care what my teachers think.-Well,you________.A.could B.would C.should D.might【答案】C(2010·浙江省东阳市,18,1)( ) 18. -Whose shirt is this?--It _______ be Li Lei's. It is too big for him.A. couldB. mustC. can'tD. might【答案】C(2010·台湾省,2,1)I put the fish in the ice box to keep it .(A) fresh (B) full (C) new (D) young【答案】A(2010·广东省,22,1)It doesn't look like rain, so you bring your umbr ella with you.A. shouldn'tB. mustn'tC. can'tD. needn't【答案】D。