一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时

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初中语法

一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时 四种时态的区别

名称 定义 时间 动词形式 时间词

一般现在时 表示经常性或习惯性的动作 平时、经常 1、动词原形

2、第三人称单数

动词后-s/es always、sometimes、usually、often、

every

morning 、every week、

twice a week等等

现在进行时 表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作 正在进行 am/is/are+动词ing now、right

now、

at the

moment、look、 listen等

一般将来时 表示将来发生的事 即将、计划 1、will/shall+动词原形

2、am/is/are

+going to+动词原形 in the future、

next

week/month、

tomorrow、

in two weeks等等

一般过去时 表示过去某一时候或某一段时间所发生的事情或存在的状态 过去(与现在无关的) 1、V-ed(规则动词)

2、不规则动词变化 ago、yesterday、

last week/

night、

just now、

once upon a

time等

注意:

1、一般现在时——第三人称单数的动词变化规则:

1)大多数动词在词尾加“S”

如:stop-______ ; make-______ read-______ ; play-______

2)以辅音字母加“y”结尾的,要先将“y”变为“i”,然后在加“es”

如:fly-______ ; carry-______ study-______ ; worry-______

3)以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的,在词尾加“es”

如:teach-______ ; watch-______

4)以“o”结尾的动词,加“es”

如:go-______ do-______

2、现在进行时——动词ing形式的变化规则

1.一般动词直接在词尾+ing

例:read→______ (读) talk→______(交谈) sing→______(唱歌)

2.以不发音e结尾的动词,先去e再加ing

例:like→______喜欢 write→______写 skate→______(滑冰)

3.以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写末尾字母,再加ing

例:stop→______(停止) get→______(得到)

4.少数几个以ie结尾的动词,变ie为f再加ing。

例:lie→______(躺、撒谎) tie→______(系、捆绑)

3、一般过去时——动词的变化规则

(1) 一般在动词后加-ed。

如:play-______, offer-______, weigh-______, destroy-______, sign-______

(2) 在以字母e结尾的动词后,只加-d。

如:like-______, provide-______, hate - ______ date-______

(3) 在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后,则改y为i,再加-ed。

如:supply-______, study- ______.

(4) 在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾且,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加-ed。

如:plan-______, refer-______ regret-______, ban-________

(5)还有一些不规则变化的要单独记。

如:do--did know--knew am/is--was cut--cut become--became

练一练:

一、写出下列动词的形式

1)写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式

know ______ listen______ brush ______ watch______

go ______ do ______ have______

2)写出下列动词的ing形式

go-______ , work-______ close–______ , come-______ _become-______

get–______ sit–______

3)写出下列动词的过去式

go______ do______ have______ play______ fly______

know______ build______ brush______ listen______ cut______

二、用所给动词的正确形式填空。

1. He often _______ (read) 21st Century Teens.

2. Is he ________ (enjoy) his stay here?

3. We ________ (build) a lab next year.

4. He ________ (write) at the moment.

5. I ________ (be) in Beijing last year.

6. He ________ (be) taller than I.

7. Where _______ he_______ (tell) her

the news?

8. I’m going to _______ (work) hard.

9. She can _______ (help) me with my English.

10. They _______ (read) newspapers now.

综合练习:

一、用括号里的词的适当形式填空

1. We often___________(play) on the playground.

2. He _________(get) up at six o’clock.

3. __________you _________(brush) your teeth every morning?

4. What (do) he usually (do) after school?

5. Danny (study) English, Chinese, Math, Science and Art at school.

6. Mike __________(go) to the park with his sister yesterday.

7. Last night, she ________(watch) TV with his parents.

8. ________ Mike________(read) English tomorrow?

9. How many lessons ______your classmate____(have) next week?

10. What time ____his mother_________(do) the housework tomorrow?

11. Don’t make a noise. Grandpa __________(sleep).

12. It ________(take) me two hours to finish my homework last night.

13. What ______ your mother _______(do) every evening? She _____(wash) clothes.

14. Look! She_________(do) her homework.

15. There ________ (be) a football match on TV next Sunday.

16. They ________ (visit) the Great Wall now.

17. The earth __________ (move) round the sun.

18. I ______(be) born in 1992.

19._______you _____( go) school yesterday? No, I ________( not).

20. How long_____ you _______(stay) in Paris last time?

二、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式:

1. wash_________ match _______guess______ study______ finish_________

go________ snow______ carry_________

2. stop______ see________ drive ________let_______ carry______ keep_____ join______ find_______ think________ teach______ catch______

3.stay_______ begin______ forget_______lie________die _______ run_______

prefer______give________ring_______dance______ hope_______

三、写出下列动词的过去式

tell_______ break _______ build_______ catch_______ begin_______

draw _______ eat_______ come _______ buy_______ cut_______

read _______ put_______ think_______ go_______ get_______

give_______ keep _______ know _______

四、单项选择

( )1. ________ you___________ your homework now?

A. Are, do B. Do, do C. Will, do D. Are, doing

( )2. Look, they __________ a good time.

A. has B. have C. are having D. had

( )3. –I can’t find my pen. Can I use yours? — Sorry, I__________ it now.