2019考研英语常见同义词汇编

根据最近几年考研真题整理出来的考研词汇和大家分享考研同义近形词归纳一．名词中同义词、近形词部分归纳1．表示“能力”意思的词语：Ability, capability, competency, faculty, capacity, gift, talent 2．表示“目的、目标”意思的词语：Aim, purpose, aim, intent, intention, goal, end3．表示“关系、联系”意思的词语：Ties, bonds, links, connection, association, relations, combination, relationship, interrelations, relevance4．表示“差别”意思的词语：Difference, distinction, differentiation5．表示“资本、资金”意思的词语：Capital, fund, money, relief 6．表示“个人”意思的词语：Person, people, folks, individuals,man, human being7．表示“意义、含义”意思的词语：Meaning, significance,implication, connotation8．表示“部分、成分”意思的词语：Part, element, ingredient,component, factor, segment9．表示“不平等、歧视”意思的词语：Inequality, bias, prejudice,discrimination10．表示“对手、支持者”意思的词语：Opponent, rivals,proponent, advocates11．表示“商品”意思的词语：Commodity, goods12．表示“将来”意思的词语：Future, prospect13．表示“理由”意思的词语：Reason, ground, cause14．表示“后代、子孙”意思的词语：Offspring, descendant,posterity, children15．表示“补充”意思的词语：Complement, supplement，append16．表示和“树木”有关的词语：Bush, shrub, jungle17．表示“边界”意思的词语：Boundary, border, frontier, verge18．表示“错误”意思的词语：Blunder, error, mistake, fault19．表示“基础”意思的词语：Basis, foundation, ground20．表示“会议”意思的词语：Assembly, conference, congress, seminar, session, summit, symposium, meeting, gathering, party21．表示“区域”意思的词语：Area, district, region, vicinity, zone22．表示“成就”意思的词语：Accomplishment, attainment, achievement, success23．表示“要点、摘要”意思的词语：abstract, digest, outline, summary24．表示“程度”意思的词语：to the degree, to some extent25．表示“生气”意思的词语：Anger, fury, indignation, resentment, hate, hatred26．表示“ 痛苦，悲伤”意思的词语：pain, sadness, unhappiness, misery, anguish27．表示“标准”意思的词语：standard, criteria 28．字形相似的词：welfare（福利）, warfare（战争）, farewell（告别）29．字形相似的词：attitude（态度）, altitude（海拔，高度）, magnitude（数量）, multitude（多数）, aptitude（天资，天赋）, latitude（纬度, 地区), gratitude(感谢)30．字形相似的词：convention(习俗，传统), conversion（变化，转换）,conviction（坚定的信念或看法）, conservation（保存，保持）, conversation（交谈）31．字形相似和近义词：vocation, job, work, profession, occupation, field, career, /vacation, holiday, travel, journey, voyage, trip, excursion 32．近义词：pace（步伐）, speed（速度，速率）, rate（速度，百分比）,ratio（比例，比率）, rhythm （韵律，节奏）33．近义词：process(进程,过程), procedure(步骤，手续)，course(时间的经过)二．常用的动词同义词归纳1．表示“导致”意思的词语：Lead to, bring about, give rise to, givebirth to, contribute to, cause…to, result in, engender,render, prompt, cause, make, result from（起因于）2．表示“面对、偶遇”意思的词语：Confront, be confronted with, face, be faced with, meet with, encounter.3．表示“集中于”意思的词语：Center on, focus on, concentrate on4．表示“对付、处理”意思的词语：Deal with, cope with, handle, tackle, manipulate,5．表示“消失”意思的词语：Disappear, vanish, fade, perish6．表示“减少、增加”意思的词语：Diminish, lessen, decrease, drop, reduce, fall, /accumulate, increase, rise, soar, rocket7．表示“依靠、依赖”意思的词语：Rely on(upon), depend on(upon), count on (upon), rest on(upon) 8．表示“变化”意思的词语：Change, turn, vary/range, alter, transform, shift, convert.9．表示“指控”意思的词语：Charge with, accuse of, sue for, condemn, denounce, prosecute10．表示“克服、战胜”意思的词语：Overcome, conquer, defeat,11．表示“获得、得到”意思的词语：Achieve, obtain, get, accomplish, earn, attain, secure, acquire, gain 12．表示“抓住”意思的词语：Catch, seize, capture, catch hold of, grab13．表示“限制”意思的词语：Limit, confine, restrict. 14．表示“强迫”意思的词语：compel, constrain, force, oblige。

最新考研英语高频同义词汇精选讲义1．abandon，give up，desert，quit，forsake，renounce，resign，abdicate[辨析]这组词均表示“放弃”或“抛弃”之意，但各有其不同含义。

give up最为普通，可代替本组内其它词。

abandon强调“完全、永远地遗弃”，尤其指遗弃以前感兴趣或负有责任的人或物。

例如：She abandoned her child．她遗弃了自己的孩子。

desert强调“违背誓言、命令、责任、义务等”。

例如：The soldier deserted his country and helped the enemy．那个士兵叛国助敌。

quit强调“突然或不意地弃去”，常指“停止”。

例如：She quitted her job，她放弃了自己的工作。

forsake指“遗弃某人以前所爱的人或物”，强调“断绝情感上的依恋”，还含有“革除恶习”之意。

例如：She pleaded with her husband not to forsake her．她恳求丈夫不要抛弃她。

He had to forsake his car to pay his debt．他只得割爱自己的小汽车以偿还债务。

You must forsake your bad habit of smoking．你必须革除吸烟恶习。

renounce放弃，尤指通过正式声明放弃。

例如：Galileo arrived in Rome more dead than alive．His．trial lasted six months．Finally he was compelled to renounce his belief．伽利略回到罗马时已奄奄一息了，对他的审判持续了六个月之久，最后他被迫宣布放弃自己的信仰。

He renounced his claim to the property．他宣布正式放弃财产所有权。

inevitable▪词源上看inevitable来自拉丁语in- + evitabilis (evitable)构词上看inevitable和同义的unavoidable非常相像。

构词成分in- 和un- 都可以表示否定，简单来讲：词缀un- 的使用最广，它常与简单的词干搭配，也常与带有英语本土词尾的词连用；词缀in- 则主要与有拉丁字尾的固定字连用。

示例补充：unfair, unclean, uneven, unripe示例补充：unceasing, unmindful, unwealthy, unselfish, unwholesome示例补充：inaccurate, incapacity, indivisible, insignificant, illegal, impossible, irregular 相关拓展词缀non- 和un-在使用上最为自由：onon- 附加在名词﹑形容词﹑副词前, 表示没有或不存在某事物< a non-drinker 不喝酒的人* a non-stickpan 不粘底的锅* speaking non-stop 说个不停>oun- 附加在形容词前, 表示与原词相反的含义< unexpected = ‘surprising’（没有料到的）* unwise = ‘foolish’ （愚蠢的）>o一对典型的例子：non-British（‘of a nationality which is not British’ 非英国籍的）和un-British（‘being disloyal to Britain’ 不忠于英国的）o词缀in- 也可用以构成反义词，但能与之结合的词较un- 要少一些。

词缀in- 有变体il-, im-, ir-oil- 用于l 之前< illogical >oim- 用于b, m, p 之前< imbalance * immaterial * impossible >oir- 用于r之前< irresponsible >o词缀dis- 也可以用于动词﹑形容词﹑名词之前，构成反义词< dislike 不喜欢* disobedient 不服从的* distrust不信任>词缀a- 主要用于较文学(formal) 的词或科技术语(technical words) 之前，表示“缺乏”或者“无” (lacking in; lack of) < amorphous (‘lacking inshape’) 无定形的* anarchy (‘lack of rule’) 无政府状态>一个词的前缀究竟是用un-, in- 还是dis- 是没有固定规律可循的，只好留心逐一记住。

开始Begin, start, begin with, spring, start up, set off on, break out, strike up, originate from,;Initiate, launch, originate, sprout; unfold; unleash outset, onset, Rudimentary, elementary,出现Appear, appear to be, emerge, arise, loom, turn out, show up, out, come into sight/view, come forth发生Happen, occur, take place, come about,Happening occurrence产生,创造create, produce, bring about, yield, give birth to, bear, bring into being, generate, beget，germinate;Invent, innovate, renovate, plan, design, imagine, conceive, devise, formulate, imagine, envision,建立Found, set, built up, construct, institute, constitute, set up, establish制造,组成Make, make up, produce, construct, turn out, manufacture, form, shape, compose, compile, concoct, fabricate生长壮大复制,繁殖58Copy, duplicate, reproduce, multiply.发育，发展Grow, develop, breed, bring up, nurture, cultivate, hone, raise, foster, (主动)Develop, advance, progress, move forward, go forward, proceed（自我成长）Burgeon, flourish, thrive, bloom, blossom, boom, prosper;保持，延续Continue, last, carry on, keep on, keep, remain maintain retainPerpetuate,Persevere, stick with, insist on, persist in,Continuous, incessant, permanent, constant, steady, unbroken, perpetual, everlasting, eternal, lasting, unending, uninterrupted, undying, immortal, invariable,存在,生存Exist，found, stand, lay in, be rooted in，be embedded in,Substance, matter, object, material, stuff, things, entity,individual, creature, beings,Topic, subject, issue, theme, gist, item, content, point,Extant, existing, in existence, substantive, ubiquitous, omnipresent, universal,survive，outlive，outlast, remain alive，Endure, undergo,结束，停止53stop，finish, be over, cease, discontinue, wind up, bring to an end(close, halt), end，come to an end, end up, terminate，quench，quell，run out, expire, concludeadjourn/dissolve/lull/subvert, abortaive , Surcease, cessation, impasse, deadlock, logjam, stalemate, Ultimate, final, eventual,Abeyance, suspend, interruption, brake, halt, pause,死亡,毁灭Perish, annihilate, kill, exterminate, take life, slay, hatchet, slaughter, assassinate, famish, smother, throttle, strangle, stifle, decimate,Die, pass away, perish, expire, run out,decease, death, demise, Defunct, moribund, dying,Fatal, formidable, deadly, fatality.取消,废除550Cancel, annul, call off, do away with,Abolish, desuetude, disuse, abandon, repeal, revoke, invalidate, rescind, nullifyObsolete, out of date, outmoded, out of fashion, old-fashioned,除去551Remove，erase，delete, extinguish, exterminate, eliminate, eradicate, extirpate, efface，clear away, throw away, do away with, wipe out, get rid of , rule out,Obliterate, expurgate, expunge, purify, purge,破坏Destroy, damage, wreck, devastate, raze, ravage, knock down, demolish, vandalize, tear down, ruin, spoil, dilapidate,Perdition，detrimental，harmful, injurious,topple down/inclement/伤害Damage Bruise, mar, maul, do harm to, injure, wound, hurt, impair, harm, hurt, wound, harm, break, fracture, maim, cripple, mangle, mutilate;cut, gash, fracture, break灾祸Disaster, catastrophic, calamity, cataclysm, carnage, massacre, holocaust, decimate, wreck, accident,Misfortune, hapless, mishap,逐渐消亡Rot way, perish, decay, disintegrate, decompose, deteriorate, molder, aggravate, worsen, exacerbate, corrupt,Rotten, decayed, corrupt, damaged;decrepit ,decrepitude, dilapidate状态之改变正面能力，强，权力Enable, facilitate, empower, entitle, enhance,Strengthen, reinforce, sustain, countenance, consolidate,Able, be capable of doing , competent, potent, omnipotent, puissant, resourcefulAbility, capability, capacity, skill, forte，competence, facultyIntelligence, aptitude, flair, talentClever, bright, talented, astute, wisdom, wise, smart, acumen,Hegemony, puissance, resource, power, energy, authority, influence, impact, supremacy, potency, strength, force,vigor;大Aggrandize, amplify, augment, broaden, widen, extend, enlarge, magnify, enlarge,Exaggerate, overstate, overstress, overemphasize,多,增加Enrich, increase, add to, abound, fill, fill up, replenish, stock up, add, put in, raise,Accrue, mount up, augment, accumulate, riseAbundant, plentiful, more than enough, profuse, copious, rich, wealthy, generous, numerous, in great numbers; sufficient, enough, adequate, ample, as much as necessary,Increment, accretion, growth, augmentation,高Raise, lift up, improve, enhance, elevate, escalate, heave, heighten, hoist,Rise, increase, ascend, mount, go up, climb scale, jack up, skyrocket, surge, upsurgeHigh, tall, in height, lofty, towering, lanky; Height, stature, elevation, altitude有助Help, assist, aid, subsidize, help to, conduce to,, contribute to, function to, be of assistance, lend a hand, facilitate, enhance, Helper, aide, assistant, accessory, ancillary, accomplice, auspices,支持Support, bolster, boost, brace, buttress, espouse, proponent, underpin, embrace, exponent,快216Accelerate, hasten, speed up, quicken up, expediteRun, scurry, scuttle, scamper, prance, gallop, sprint, scud, Dart, fleet, rush,Fast, quick, rapid, swift, expeditious, speedy, fleeting, briskSpeed, swiftness, pace, velocity, rapidity, tempo, rate, quickness, promptness,有效,起作用Effective, efficient, effectual, successful, useful, helpful, functional, applicable, operative, working, active, functioning, in operation, in use, Available,able, Impact, influence,自由，解脱Release, free, set free, set off, liberate, unshackle, unfetter, emancipate, manumit, disentangle, untangle, extricate,unravel,中性变Change, alter, modify, vary, turn, become, adjust, amend, transform, distort, modulate, transmute, shift, transfigure,Fluctuate, move, revolutionize, alternate, shiftDiversified, volatile, fickle, mercurial, protean, erratic, eccentric, irregular, inconsistent, Changeable, unsettled, variable, malleable, mutable,Change, alteration, variation, modification, transition, renovation, recondition, mutation;修改Redress, rectify, revise, emend, renovate, innovate, recondition,负面弱Weaken, enervate, vitiate, sap, impair, emaciate, attenuate, diluteWane, sag, fade, flag, deteriorate, exacerbate, wither, blight, dry up, wilt, sere, sear, shrink, shrivel, Weak, feeble, effete, wan, frail, lacking in strength, impotent, feeble, lethargicInfirmity, weakness, decadence, decadent,减少，降低Lower, reduce, decrease, drop off, abate, decline, dwarf, dwindle, rarefy, curtail, shorten, abridge, truncate, dock, decline, slump, eclipse, subside, shrink, ebb,Diminish, lessen, debase, dilute, moderate, die down, grow less intense, cut down, ebb, cut back,慢Decelerate, slow, slow down, retard, hold back,Slow, sluggish,Postpone, put off, delay, defer, procrastinate, adjourn,Dilatory, tardy, slack, sluggish,平息reconcile, comfort, placate, conciliate, reassure，allay, calm, console, soothe, pacify, assuage, mitigate, palliate, salve, temper,palliation, reconciliation,禁止，限制Prohibit, proscribe, forbid, ban, restrain, interdict, overrule, veto, stop fromLimit, restrict, confine, blockade, fetter, shackle, circumscribeProhibited, forbidden, banned, illegal, outlawed, proscribed, taboo;Durance, taboo,控制, 抑制Control, wield, hold, steer, helm, maneuver, manipulate, dominate, regulate, rein in, direct, rule, govern, reign, regimentCurb, bridle, yoke, restrain inhibit smolder, suffocate，refrain from阻碍455Hinder, hamper, check, stunt, impede, block, obstruct, retard, interrupt, hold back, prevent from, forestall, keep from, deter from, discountenance, lumber, thwart, stem, stymie, frustrate, stump, stem,Entangle, enmesh, ensnare, entrap,Barrier, obstacle, obstruction, impediment, setback, hindrance, hurdle, blockade, blockage, morass, predicament, plight, straits, quandary,strait,预防Forestall, proselytize, preclude, prevent,干预432Interfere, intervene, intercede, meddle, annoy, vex, nettle, perturb, disturb, discomfit, molest, pester, bother, annoy, harass, intrude,Mediate,Inroad, raid, assail, assault, attack, trespass, infringe, attack, foray, intrude, encroach, Turbulence, disturbance得到，付出，付，出给Give, offer, endow, endue, present, bestow, provide, supply, furnishImpart, instruct, apprise, teach, instill, inculcate,Proffer, confer, donate, contribute, subscribe, bequeath,Issue, flow out, release,支出Cost, spend, pay, pay out, expend, disburse,Prodigal, profligate, splurge, spendthrift, dissipatefrugal, scrimp, skimp, abstemious,Expenditure, subvention,归还,偿439Return, hand out, restore, reciprocate, remunerate, revert,Compensate, reimburse, indemnify, expiate, atonement,Salary, remuneration, Emolument, honorarium,分配Distribute, allocate, issue, hand out, apportion, allot, dispense, ration, allot, assign, designate; Distribution, dispensation ration, allotment施加impose, entail, exert, inflict, suppress, subjugate, compress ,repress, coerce，使满Suffice, satiate, satisfy, cater, sate, meet requirement, gratifySuffuse, implant, instill, infuse, fill, impregnate,放弃Relinquish, give up, disclaim, abdicate, abjure, waive, renounce, recant, wean, forsake, abdicate, desert, forswear, renounce, repudiate, forgo, disown, disavow, abandon，Renunciation,获得，得到Get, receive, Accept, attain, acquire, obtain, gain, repossess, retrieve, procure, catch,Earn, profit, embezzle, peculate, defalcate, graft, appropriate,Obtainable, accessible, receptive,Receiver, recipient, procurement夺Deprive, take away, exact, extort, dispossess, bereave, divest, strip,Loot, ravage, ransack, sack, despoil, plunder, rapine, snatch, ,exploit, distill,Confiscate, impound, sequestrate, forfeit, expropriateExaction, depredation, spoliation,吸引Attract, appeal, fascinate, draw, charm, intrigue, enchant, tempt, allure, enchant, enthrall, rivet, fix, spellbind, intoxicate, engross, occupy, captivate, enamor,Attractive, appealing, charming, pleasing, attractiveness, fascination, charisma, personal, magnetism, attraction, fascination,包含510Contain, consist of, comprise, cover, encompass, span, contain, encompass, subsume, consist of, include, involve, embroil, implicate, ;Configuration component，需要,Require, call for, need, demand, necessitate,Necessary, required, requisite, essential,Requisite, prerequisite, requirement, precondition,使Cause to be, make, lead to, render, turn into, trigger, activate, cause,要求，请求，Request, ask, entreat, demand, petition, appeal toSolicit, invoke, plead, implore, beseech, adjure,Dictate, command, mandate, order, instruct, charge,Imperative, essential, compulsory, mandatory, urgent, obligatory,Request, requisition, petition, invocation;促使，劝说，Advise, urge, argue, advocate, persuade, sway, influence,Convince, expostulate, exhort, hortative刺激，激发，鼓励Stimulate, activate, spur, incite, agitate, inspire, arouse, excite, provoke, actuate, incite, foment, stir up, trigger, Kindle, enkindle, igniteencourage, motivate, invigorate, prompt, instigate,Impetuous, impulsive;Drive, motivation, incentive, inducement, impetus推动，驱动，迫使Push, drive, propel, force, oblige, propel, compel goad威逼利诱，欺骗，伪装Deceive, dupe, cheat, swindle, hoodwink,Disguise,Duplicity, artifice, chicanery, deception, scheme, subterfuge, duplicity.引诱Beguile, lure, tempt, allure, entice, tantalize, coax, delude, cozen, beguile,,Guile, deceit, cunning, wile, trickery，Wily威吓Threaten, menace, intimidate ,hector, frighten, bully,Threatening, menacing,Threat, menace允许,承认Allow, let, permit, licenseAllowance, license, permission, consent, sanction, authorization心理，想要，期望Expect, look forward to, wait for, look ahead to, suppose, anticipate, await欲望，欲求Wish, want, desire, long, yearn, aspire, crave, hanker, covet:Desirous, eager, avid, greedy, acquisitive, much desired, coveted, ambitious, enterprising; Longing, aspiration, yearning, ambition, avarice, desire for, appetite, desire意图Intend, tend to, mean, plan, be inclined to, predispose, resolve, prone to, apt to, disposed to, attempt to, aim to, be set to, have in mind, slantIntentionally, purposely, deliberately, consciously,Intention, motive, tendency, trend, proclivity, inclination, acclivity declivity,Liable, inclined to, willingly, likely不愿意Waver, hesitate, oscillate, vacillate, boggle, pause, falter,reluctant, unwilling，irresolute, indecisive, undetermined, uncertain, undecided, unsure, Reluctantly, unwillinglyReluctance, unwillingness认知，感觉，察觉Sense, feel, savor, be conscious of, be aware of, regain consciousness, perceive, Cognize, regard, Detect, identify, notice, recognize, observe,Heed, pay/give heed to, take heed/notice of, notice, pay/give attention toConscious, aware capable of feeling, sentient, percipient, cognizant,Consciousness, awareness, feeling, sense, sensation,Attention, heed, notice思考Think, consider, ponder, speculate, contemplate, reflect, muse, ponder, contemplate, muse, meditate, ruminate, chew, deliberate, take into account, take into consideration, cross one's mind, flash across one's mind, pass through one's mind, occur to sbthoughtful, meditative, pensivethought,consideration,reflection,contemplation理解know, understand, realize, appreciate, grasp, apprehend, figure out, be informed about, read, make out, go one’s idea across, decipher, decode, recognize, comprehend, be acqu ainted with, be familiar with,忽视，忘记, 没感觉Forget, not remember, neglect, ignore, overlook, disregard, pay no attention to, take no notice of Condone, excuse, and forgive, pardon, absolve, exonerate, extenuate, Oblivious, remiss, delinquent, negligent , Neglectful, forgetful，Oblivion, remission, omission. Amnesia, amnesty, inattention, oversight Ignorant, unknown, unconscious, unaware, insensitive, unresponsive清楚clarify, elucidate, shed light on, illuminate, make clear explicit, overt, precise, unambiguous, plain, clear, unequivocal, clarity, clearness, lucidity, transparency, simplicity, precision.迷惑Confuse, puzzle, muddle, bewilder, perplex, baffle, nonplus, flummox, disconcert, confound, mix up, fluster, obscure, obfuscate, perplex，Quandary, dilemma, plight, predicament,态度正面，赞成,同意Approve, endorse, grant, confirm, ratify, agree with, consent, endorse, approbate, assent, approve, accord, agree, accede, resonate,Unanimous, in full accord,Approval, agreement, concurrence, unanimity, approbation. Uniformity, consistency, endorsement, confirmation, ratification, sanction, allow, permit, let, consent to肯定，相信Certain, sure, ascertain, positive, confident, convinced, assured, Inevitable, certainly, surely, positively, definitely, confidently, assuredly, inevitably, undoubtedly, unquestionably, unequivocally Believe, trust, entrust, have faith in, fidelity, loyalty, faith, affidavit, conviction喜欢，赞美Love, be fond of, like, favor, worship, adore, Laud, praise, commend, extol, exalt, exult, eulogize, honor, pay tribute to, hymn, paean, carol, psalm, encomium,不喜欢，Loath, hate, dislike, abhor, repulse, repel, abominate, detest,Heinous, odious, hateful, repellent, repulsive, repugnant obnoxious,Aversion, odium, aversion, revulsion, abhorrence,不同意，反对Disagree, dissent, reject, and disallow discord,Contradict, gainsay, say the opposite to, oppose, counter, be in opposition to, go up against, defy, controvert, impugn, Inconsistent, contradictory, in disagreement, at oddsDisharmony, dissonance Opposing, dissenting, opposite, contradictory, override contrariwise, oppositely; Dispute, argue,反驳Refute, rebut, retort, deny, confute, contest, disprove羞辱，贬义Embarrass, humiliate, disgrace, dishonor, mortify, demean, discomfit, degrade, undermine Embarrassed, ashamed, unembarrassed, unabashed Humiliation, chagrin忧虑Worry about, fret over, feel anxious, uneasy about, be concerned about,fret, agony, Anxious , uneasy; Anxiety, concern, uneasiness, disquietedness, nervousness疑问,不相信Doubt, query, question, inquiry,Discredit, distrust, disbelieve, mistrust, suspect, be suspicious of, have doubts aboutDoubtful, misgiving, skeptical, dubious, incredulous,;Doubt, incertitude, questioning, skepticism, implausibility, incredibility批评，谴责Criticize, censure, condemn, denounce, attack, rail, rebuke, blame, reprove, reprimand, reproach; diatribe, reproof, reprimand分久必合，合久必分合，和，同,等, 似Accord, match, equal, like, resemble, approximate,Same, unified, matching, much the same, be similar to, akin to, the same as, equivalent, identical parallel Equivalent, congruity, concord, parallel, similarity, parallelism, tantamount, tally, Resemble, bear a resemblance to, be like, look like, simulate, take after, imitate, mimic, copy, emulate,比较Compare, contrast, weigh against, judge against, balance, parallelComparatively, relatively适合Suitable, fit, suited, proper, right, appropriate, apposite, apropos, opportune, fitting, apt, suitably, properly, rightly, appropriately, fittingly, aptly,相容Compatible, well-matched, well-suited, attuned, companionable, congenial, affable, amicable, Accommodate, Harbor, lodge,陪伴Accompany with, go along with, go together with, go with, come with, keep sb. Company, join, escort, convoy, cling to合作,合并Work together, cooperate, come together, and collaborate, join forces, team up,Merge, unite, connect, bond, bring together, combine, associate, amalgamate, swallow up, become one, come together, Affiliate, annex, coalesce, incorporate, integrate, put together, join together. Involve, embroil, include, Weld, join, solder,Merger, combination, solidarity, coalition, cohesion, conglomeration, agglomeration, confluence, Rapport, rapprochement, inseparable,聚集Gather, accumulate, amass, collect, pile up, heap up, compile, assemble, garner, convene, summon, organize, call together, swarm, throng, teem, crowd Rally, confer, muster, congregate, aggregate, put together, amass, convoke, convene, collect a supply of;Collection, group, multitude, flock, herd, array, accumulation, accretion, backlog.Gregarious,联系，依靠Link, relate, connect, associate, correlate, attach, fasten, clinch, cling to, tie, adhere, affiliate, pertain, trace;Relevant, pertinent, germane,Link, bond, nexus, linkage, relationship, attachment,Rely on, trust, depend on, count on;Reliable, foolproof, dependable, independent, sovereign;trust, reliance, dependence,整体,全部，广义Complete, total, entire, full, whole, thorough, comprehensive, all-round, versatile, plenary Generally, entirely, fully, wholly, thoroughly, exhaustively, usually, largely, mainly, mostly, for the most part, on the whole, in generalAll over, throughout;交易，遇见，互相Trade, exchange, deal, do business, transact, interact, intertwine, swap, switch,Trade, commerce, interplay, commodity, goods, merchandise, transaction, interactionMeet, encounter, run into, run across, come across, happen to see, discover;Mutual, reciprocal, vice versa,遵守，认同Obey, comply with, act upon, follow, meet the terms, act in accordance, submit, observe, conform, Accordance, tractable, obedient, ductile, compliant, docile, manageable, tame,分，分开，部分Divide, break up, separate, undo, seclude, sever, diversify, bifurcate, ramify, disconnect, cede, sunder, asunder, part, partition, isolate, part, detach,Exclude, occluded, preclude, segregate, secludeDisband, dismiss, scatter, estrange, segment, cleave, rift, disintegrate, split up, fall apart, collapse, Fission, crevice, partition, detachment, secession,Section, aspect, feature, facet, respect, side, sector, division, part, segment, fragment, piece, portion背离Digress, deviate, diverge, astray, depart, swerve, deflect, defection, apostate, betray, divagate, secede egress,Perfidious, infidelity, disloyal, unfaithfulness, disaffected,不同Different, dissimilar, unlike, incongruous, discordant, disparate,Multifarious, motley, various varied, diversified,Diversity, shade, nuance, disparity, discrepancy, difference, variance, multiplicity,不相容，不适合Incompatible, mismatched, unsuited, discordant, inharmonious, unsuitable, improper, wrong, inappropriate, inopportune, unfitunsuitably, inappropriately,违背，对立Contravene, defend, break, breach, disobey, counter, resist, violate, defy, flout, infringe, infraction, 对立争，斗，努力Compete, via, contend, struggle, wrestle, tussle, challenge, fight against, emulate, rival, conflict, contest, strife,confront, face up to,Strive, make an effort, endeavor to, try to do, attempt to do, struggle;Effort, attempt antagonistic, hostile, friction躲避Avoid, escape, keep away from, stay away from, shun, wince, flee, run away, flight, parry, evade, dodge, sidestep,elude, shirk,成Win, succeed, triumph, prevail, outstrip, outwit, transcend, exceed, surmount, overcome surpass, Fulfill, complete, accomplish, finish, achieve, reach, approach, realize, soar,Subdue, suppress, override, overrule, subvert, topple,Consummation, achievement, feat, attainment, accomplishment.Accessible, reachable, attainable, obtainable, approachable,败Fail, be unsuccessful, be abortive, flunk, founder, bungle, sink, be fruitless, bungle, blunder, bumble, muff Failure, abortion, crash stranded,处理，对付,处置Deal with, cope with, and dispose, handle, manage, process, Disposition选择Choose, select, favor, prefer, pick,传递Transmit, pass, hand on, transcribe, transfer, move, convert, convey, send, ferry, transport, Impart, inculcate, instruct, teach, inform, apprise, pass on transfusion,采用，利用Make use of, use, employ, utilize, exploit, consume, harness, assume, take on手段，工具By means of, by way of, by virtue of , method, manner, means, device, instrument, facility, implement, apparatus, appliance, mechanism, gadget, utensil, tools,contrivance, maneuver, tactic, mean, expedient, stratagem, tact, ploy,artifice, chicanery, scheme, plan, project, program行为，Act, perform, behave, work, serve as, operate, run, function to, conduct;Be engaged in, carry on, indulge in, participate, endeavor to, take part in, devote to, dedicate to, Behavior, demeanor, conduct, action, performance,信息处理表达说,表达say, tell, talk, speak, utter, express, voice, state, articulate, pronounce, emote,Declare, pronounce, claim, announce, address, intimateEquivocate, prevaricate, prattle, stammer,chat, discuss, converse, bargain, negotiate,talk, chat, discussion, debate, conversation, colloquy提出Suggest, propose, present, put forward, recommend, advocate, advise, posit, aver, allege, postulate, propound, tender, Hint, imply, insinuate, allude,描述Describe, depict, illustrate, limn, recount, portray, represent, define, characterize, delineate, sketch out,; description, version解释,说明Explain, interpret, explicate, detail, clarify, make clear, construe, misconstrue, elucidate, shed light on, decipher,, expound, disabuse, explain in detail, account for;Exposition, exhibition, connotation, exegesis, gloss annotate,表明Show, demonstrate, evince, indicate, display, exhibit,获取信息观察,探求observe, view, see, spot, watch, notice, make out, perceive, bring attention to, be aware of, distinguish, discern, detect, scrutinize, monitor, study, sight, inquire, probe, search, explore, Search, grope, probe, plumb, fathom, research,quest;调查，检查Inspect, examine, scan, study, check, investigate, censor, peruse, look into, look over, scrutinize, survey, Inspection, examination, census, censor, investigation, scrutiny, survey, inquiry, census, poll 纪录，记载Record, register, document ,write down, take down, put down, note down, detail, keep details,逻辑分析证明Analyze, consider, infer, extrapolate, prove, justify, confirm, verify, validate, testify, attest, authenticate,substantiate, give evidence, corroborate假设Presume, assume, suppose, imagine, premise, surmise,推断Induce, infer, deduce, reason, derive from, ratiocinate, conclude,因果result from, result in, according to, attribute to, ascribe to, credit to, account for, derive from, arise from, proof, evidence, inference, conclusion, convince, cogent, sound, logical, rational,真，正确True, right, correct, proper, real, actual, genuine, veritable, veracious, authentictruly, really, actually, in fact, authentically, realistically, pragmatically;genuinely veraciously，faultless, impeccable, in the right wayTruth, canon, criterion, norm, axiom, veracity. Rationale, truism, maxim,correct, revise, rectify假,错False, wrong, incorrect, fallacious mistaken, erroneous, unreal, errant, faultyFake, sham, phony, pretended, simulated, pseudoMistakenly, erroneously; Mistake, error, fault, fallacy, misconception, illusion;take A as B, confuse A with B, mistake A for B, erroneously identify A as B, falsify,发现, 揭示Discover, find out, learn, reveal, disclose, unveil, expose, divulge, make known, debunk, declassify, decode,decipher, translate, make out, revelation,其它强调的，Absolutely, incontrovertible, indispensable，indisputable, inalienable, indubitable, incontestable, irrefutable, incontrovertible;重要的Consequential, imponderable, paramount, substantial, major, significant, important, leading, major, dominant, predominant, prevailing, key, pivotal, decisive, critical, crucial, basic, fundamental, radical, essential, primary, integral, inherent, indispensable, necessary优缺点Advantage, benefit, advantageous, valuable, precious, positive, positive aspect, helpful, asset, valuable quality.Disadvantage, drawback, weakness, shortcoming, downside, negative aspect, unfavorable feature.明显的，突出的，优秀的，杰出的Obvious, apparent, evident, conspicuous visible, noteworthy, noticeable, notable, manifest, outstanding, remarkable, salient, prominent, eminent, distinguished, striking, extraordinary, excellent, monumental, phenomenal,主要mainly, chiefly, principally, predominatly, basically, fundamentally, primarily, inherently,考研英语常用的阅读同义词替换artificialsynthetic, fabricated, contrived, fake, mock, bogus, counterfeit, pseudoconventionaltraditional, historical, past; accepted, common, regular, routine, mainstream, ordinaryearlyfirst, old, ancient, primitive, previous, former, remotesimulatevirtual, create, reproduce, pretend, imitateartificialsynthetic, fabricated, contrived, fake, mock, bogus, counterfeit, pseudoreducecurtail, cut, decrease, halve, impair, lessen, moderate, trim, slashfuturewhat's next, prospect, approaching, expected, destined, forthcomingworldwideinternational, cosmopolitan, global, universal, ubiquitous, widespread, around the worlddevelopevolve, advance, grow, improve, progress, flourishfinddiscover, come across, encounter, hit on, expose, notice, note, observe, recognize, spot, uncoverdemandrequest, claim, need, order, require, call fordeclinedecrease, degeneration, drop, fall, recession, depression, reduction, slump, worseningsignificanceimportance, milestone, impact, justification, gist, implication, point, purport, vitalprevelantcommon, usual, prevailing, widespread, systematic, collective, general, popularobjectionchanllenge, complaint, disapproval, opposition, protest, query, question, remonstrationobstaclebar, barricade, barrier, block, blockage, check, obstruction, problem, snag, hurdlecommercialbusiness, economic, financial, mercantile, profitable, pecuniaryinevitableunavoidable, certain, destined, fated, inescapable, suremillitaryarmed, belligerent, army, weapon, warlikerolefunction (provide, support, weaken, smooth, solve), job, position, duty, post, task, contribution。

考研英语相似词考研英语相似词1.aboard 在船、火车、飞机或其他客运交通工具上abroad 往国外，到处，海外，广泛，差得远2.adapt vt. ①使适应; ②改编adopt vt. ①采用；②收养3.access n. ①进入；②使用、接近；<计>访问，存取assess vt. 估计、评估、评价征(税)、分摊(费用)、处以(罚款)4.augment v/n 增加，增大argument n. 争论，辩论，论据，论点5.charity n. 慈善，施舍，慈善团体clarity n. 清楚，清晰，透明clarify v. 澄清，阐明6.commence v. 着手，开始commend vt. 称赞，表扬，推荐，委托，吸引comment n. 评论，意见vi. 注释，评论commerce n. 商业7.costume n.装束，服装custom n.习惯，风俗v.订制，承接定做活customs n. 海关，进口税customer n.顾客consume n.消耗，消费consumer n.消费者8.conceit n.自负；骄傲自大consent vi/n. 同意，赞成，答应contain vt. 包含；容纳；装有content n. 内容，目录，满足adj. 满足的，满意的，愿意9.confidence adj. 自信的，确信的confidential adj. 秘密的，机密的10.dairy n. 牛奶场，牛奶商店，奶制品diary n. 日记11.delicate a. 精巧的，脆弱的，微妙的.，灵敏的，精密的dedicate vt. 献(身)，致力dictate v./n.1. 口述，听写； 2. 指令，指示，命令，规定12.diploma n. 文凭，毕业证书，证书，奖状diplomat n. 外交官diplomacy n. 外交，外交手腕13.eruption n.(火山)爆发，喷发rupture v/n 破裂，裂开，断绝(关系等)，割裂disruption n. 中断，分裂，瓦解，破坏14.except vt. 除……之外expect vt. ①期待，预期，盼望；②料想，认为expert n. 专家，行家；adj. 老练的，内行的，专门的15.flavor n. 味，味道favor n. 喜爱，好感，宠爱，关切，欢心，好意vt. 支持，赞成，照顾，促成，像，喜欢，证实，赐予in favor of 赞成；支持16.forge v. ①锻造；②伪造forget vt. 原谅，忽略forgive vt. 原谅，饶恕freight n. 货物，货运vt. 装货，使充满，运送17.fright n. 惊骇，吃惊fraction n.小部分，微量；分数friction n. 摩擦，摩擦力18.grasp v/n. 抓住，抓紧，掌握，领会grip vt. 紧握，紧夹19.loyal adj. 忠诚的，忠心的royal adj. 王室的，皇家的，第一流的，高贵的20.immense adj. ①极大的，无边的② 非常好的immerse vt. 沉浸，使陷入。

优雅地elegant，graceful,气氛atmosphere，ambience重要的significant，important，vital，crucial，momentous一致的correspongding忍受v.bear，substain，put up with，endure，stand，充足的ample，abundant，sufficient，plenty of，adequate，enough丰富的ample，abundant，luxuriant，lavish，affluentNonethless尽管如此，但是考研同义近形词归纳一．名词中同义词、近形词部分归纳1．表示“能力”意思的词语：Ability,capability,competency,faculty,capacity,gift,talent2．表示“目的、目标”意思的词语：Aim,purpose,aim,intent,intention,goal,end3．表示“关系、联系”意思的词语：Ties,bonds, links,connection,association,relations,combination,relationship,interrelations,relevance4．表示“差别”意思的词语：Difference,distinction,differentiation5．表示“资本、资金”意思的词语：Capital,fund,money,relief6．表示“个人”意思的词语：Person,people,folks,individuals, man,human being7．表示“意义、含义”意思的词语：Meaning,significance,implication, connotation8．表示“部分、成分”意思的词语：Part,element,ingredient,component,factor, segment9．表示“不平等、歧视”意思的词语：Inequality,bias,prejudice,discrimination10．表示“对手、支持者”意思的词语：Opponent,rivals,proponent,advocates11．表示“商品”意思的词语：Commodity,goods12．表示“将来”意思的词语：Future,prospect13．表示“理由”意思的词语：Reason,ground,cause14．表示“后代、子孙”意思的词语：Offspring, descendant,posterity,children15．表示“补充”意思的词语：Complement,supplement，append16．表示与“树木”有关的词语：Bush,shrub,jungle17．表示“边界”意思的词语：Boundary,border,frontier,verge18．表示“错误”意思的词语：Blunder,error,mistake,fault 19．表示“基础”意思的词语：Basis,foundation,ground20．表示“会议”意思的词语：Assembly, conference,congress,seminar,session,summit,symposium,meeting,gathering,party21．表示“区域”意思的词语：Area,district,region,vicinity,zone22．表示“成就”意思的词语：Accomplishment,attainment,achievement,success23．表示“要点、摘要”意思的词语：abstract, digest,outline,summary24．表示“程度”意思的词语：to the degree,to some extent25．表示“生气”意思的词语：Anger,fury,indignation,resentment,hate,hatred26．表示“痛苦，悲伤”意思的词语：pain,sadness,unhappiness,misery,anguish27．表示“标准”意思的词语：standard,criteria28．字形相似的词：welfare（福利）,warfare（战争）,farewell（告别）29．字形相似的词：attitude（态度）,altitude（海拔，高度）,magnitude（数量）,multitude （多数）,aptitude（天资，天赋）,latitude（纬度,地区),gratitude(感谢)30．字形相似的词：convention(习俗，传统),conversion（变化，转换）,conviction（坚定的信念或看法）,conservation （保存，保持）,conversation（交谈）31．字形相似和近义词：vocation,job,work,profession, occupation,field,career,/vacation,holiday,travel,journey,voyage,trip,excursion32．近义词：pace（步伐）,speed（速度，速率）,rate（速度，百分比）,ratio（比例，比率）,rhythm（韵律，节奏）33．近义词：process(进程,过程),procedure(步骤，手续)，course(时间的经过)二．常用的动词同义词归纳1．表示“导致”意思的词语：Lead to,bring about,give rise to,give birth to,contribute to,cause…to,result in,engender,render,prompt,cause,make,result from（起因于）2．表示“面对、偶遇”意思的词语：Confront,be confronted with,face,be faced with, meet with,encounter.表示“集中于”意思的词语：Center on,focus on,concentrate on4．表示“对付、处理”意思的词语：Deal with,cope with,handle,tackle,manipulate,5．表示“消失”意思的词语：Disappear,vanish,fade,perish6．表示“减少、增加”意思的词语：Diminish,lessen,decrease, drop,reduce,fall,/accumulate,increase,rise,soar,rocket7．表示“依靠、依赖”意思的词语：Rely on(upon),depend on(upon),count on(upon),rest on(upon)8．表示“变化”意思的词语：Change,turn,vary/range,alter,transform,shift,convert.9．表示“指控”意思的词语：Charge with, accuse of,sue for,condemn,denounce,prosecute10．表示“克服、战胜”意思的词语：Overcome,conquer,defeat,11．表示“获得、得到”意思的词语：Achieve,obtain,get,accomplish, earn,attain,secure,acquire,gain12．表示“抓住”意思的词语：Catch,seize,capture,catch hold of,grab13．表示“限制”意思的词语：Limit,confine,restrict.14．表示“强迫”意思的词语：compel,constrain,force,oblige。

考研英语写作常用表达同义替换1. 动词（词组）：absorb－>assimilate 吸收agree partly－>agree with reserve 有保留地赞同arouse－>ignite/stimul ate/spur/motivate 引起；鼓励change－>alter 改变consider－>take into account 考虑devote to－>dedicate to 把……奉献于；专注于emphasize－>accentua te 强调expect－>anticipate 期望；预期explain－>interpret/illu strate 解释；说明get into chaos－>with chaos ensuing 陷入混乱hand in－>render 提出join－>participate 参加；参与lead to－>contribute t o/ conduce to/result i n 导致；产生……的结果limit－>stress/hinder/h amper 限制；阻止；阻碍operate－>manipulate 操作；操纵provide－>lend－>offe r 提供；给予publicize－>propagand ize 宣传；公布繁荣（的）（词性不同，注意使用正确形式）sway－>vacillate 影响；摇摆，使摇摆think－>contemplate/m use/meditate/retrospect 思考；考虑；想起thrive－>palmy(a.)/flou rishing(v./a.)/prosperity (n.)undermine－>sap/ener vate/debilitate 破坏；使衰弱，衰竭use－>employ/utilize 使用；利用want－>intend to/tend to/be inclined to 希望；倾向于want to－>desire 想要2. 形容词/副词：first－>primarily 首先（ad.）hardly－>merely－>ba rely 几乎不（ad.）hurt－>vulnerable 受伤的；易受攻击的inevitable－indispensa ble 必然的；不可缺少的in fact－>actually/virtu ally 事实上；实际上（ad.）key－>crucial/vital/con sequential 关键的；重要的large－>miraculous/ma rvelous 大的；不可思议的（表程度）maybe－>probably 也许；大概（ad.）more and more－>inc reasing/growing 越来越多的obvious－>conspicuou s 明显的；显著的old－>ancient 老的；古老的proper－>apposite 适当的；合适的persuasive－>thorough /sound/specific/convinc ing 有说服力的true－>accurate 正确的；准确的vague－>gratuitous/un warranted/oversimplifie d 模糊的well-known－>outstan ding 著名的3. 名词（词组）：bias－>prejudice/discri minate 偏见；歧视big city－>metropolis 大都市chance－>alternative 机会；选择character－>trait/indivi duality/idiosyncrasy/pe rsonality 品质；特性；个性child－>juvenile 孩子；青少年clash－>conflict/collisi on/rencounter 冲突custom－>convention/t radition 传统；习俗delegate－>representat ive 代表detail－>specific 细节lawmaking－>legislatio n 立法offspring－>descendan t 后代；子value－>merit 价值4. 其他：although－>albeit/notwithstanding 尽管（con j.）because－>in that－>since－>seeing 因为（co nj.）but－>nonetheless/nevertheless 然而；但是（c onj.）through－>in term of/via 通过（prep.）to sum－>to summarize/in conclusion 总之；最后1.随着经济的繁荣with the booming of the economy2.随着人民生活水平的显著提高with the re markable improvement of people's living stand ard3.先进的科学技术advanced science and te chnology4.为我们日常生活增添了情趣add much sp ice / flavor to our daily life5.人们普遍认为It is monly believed that…6.我同意前者(后者)观点I give my vote to the former / latter opinion.7.引起了广泛的公众关注Sth. has aroused wide public concern. / Sth has drawn great p ublic attention.8.不可否认It is undeniable that…9.热烈的讨论/争论a heated discussion / d ebate10.有争议性的问题a controversial issue11.就我而言/就个人而言As far as I am co ncerned, / Personally,12.有充分的理由支持be supported by sou nd reasons13.双方的论点argument on both sides14.发挥日益重要作用play an increasingly i mportant role in…15.对…必不可少be indispensable to …16.正如谚语所说As the proverb goes:17.对……产生有利/不利的影响exert positi ve / negative effects on…18.利远远大于弊The advantages far outwei gh the disadvantages.19.导致，引起lead to / give rise to / cont ribute to / result in20.复杂的社会现象a plicated social pheno menon21.责任感/成就感sense of responsibility / achievement22.竞争与合作精神sense of petition and c ooperation23.开阔眼界widen one's horizon / broaden one's vision24.学习知识和技能acquire knowledge and skills25.经济/心理负担financial burden / psychol ogical burden26.考虑到诸多因素take many factors into consideration27.从另一个角度from another perspective28.做出共同努力make joint efforts29.对……有益be beneficial to / be conduc ive to…30.为社会做贡献make contributions to the society31.打下坚实的基础lay a solid foundation f or…32.综合素质prehensive quality33.致力于/投身于be mitted / devoted to…34.应当承认Admittedly,35.不可推卸的义务unshakable duty36.满足需求satisfy / meet the needs of...37.可靠的信息源a reliable source of infor mation38.宝贵的自然资源valuable natural resourc es39.因特网the Internet (一定要有冠词，字母I大写)40.方便快捷convenient and efficient41.在人类生活的方方面面in all aspects of human life42.环保的材料environmentally friendly mate rials43.社会进步的体现a symbol of society pr ogress44.大大方便了人们的生活Sth. has greatly facilitated people's lives.45.对这一问题持有不同态度hold different attitudes towards this issue46.在一定程度上to some extent47.理论和实践相结合integrate theory with practice48.……必然趋势an irresistible trend of…49.日益激烈的社会竞争the increasingly ke en social petition50.眼前利益immediate interest/ short-term interest51.长远利益long-tem interest52.……有其自身的优缺点…has its own m erits and demerits / pros and cons53.对……有害do harm to / be harmful to / be detrimental to54.交流思想/情感/信息exchange ideas / e motions / information55.跟上…的最新发展keep pace with / kee p abreast with the latest development of…56.……的健康发展the healthy development of…57.重视attach great importance to…58.社会地位social status59.把时间和精力放在……上focus one's ti me and energy on…60.扩大知识面expand one's scope of know ledge61.身心两方面both physically and mentally62.有直接/间接关系be directly / indirectly related to…63.导致很多问题give rise to / lead to / s pell various problems64.可以替代think的词believe, claim, maint ain, argue, insist, hold the opinion / belief / view that65.缓解压力/减轻负担relieve stress / burd en66.优先考虑/发展……give (top) priority to sth.67.与……比较pared with…/ in parison wit h68.可降解的/可分解的材料degradable / de posable material69.代替replace / substitute / take the place of70.提供就业机会offer job opportunities71.反映了社会进步的mirror the social pro gress/advance72.增进相互了解enhance / promote mutual understanding73.充分利用make full use of / take advant age of74.承受更大的工作压力suffer from heavier work pressure75.保障社会稳定和繁荣guarantee the stabi lity and prosperity of our society76.更多地强调put more emphasis on…77.适应社会发展adapt oneself to the socia l development78.实现梦想realize one's dream79.主要理由列举如下The main / leading r easons are listed as follows:80.我们还有很长的路要走We still have a l ong way to go.下面给出写好一篇作文的注意事项： 1.适当用被动替换主动，这样能更客观地反映事实。

考研英语同义词替换through－>in term of/viaoperate－>manipulateoffspring－>descendantinevitable－dispensabledetail－>specificexplain－>interpretobvious－>conspicuoushurt－>vulnerable/susceptibleuse－>employ/utilizevalue－>meritprovide－>lend－>offertrue－>accurateleading to－>contribute to/ conduceto/result inmore and more－>increasing/growing hardly－>merely－>barelywell-known－>outstandinglarge－>miraculous/marvelous although－>albeit/notwithstandingin fact－>actually/virtuallywant－>intend to/tend to/be inclined to because－>in thatmay be－>probablyto sum－>to summarize/in conclusion explain－>interpret/illustratecustom－>convention/traditionthink-->contemplate/muse/meditate/retr ospectarouse－>ignite/stimulate/spur/motivate limit－>stress/hinder/hamperkey－>crucial/vital/consequentialold－>ancientemphasis－>accentuatedevote to－>dedicate tocharacter->trait/individuality/idiosyncras y/personalityexpect－>anticipatejoin－>participate indelegate－>representativebias－>prejudice/discriminate/tendency thrive－>palmy/floushing/prosperity clash－>conflict/collision/encounter publicize－>propagandizeagree partly－>agree with reserve proper－>appositewant to－>desirebig city－>metropolislawmaking－>legislationfirst－>primarilybut－>nonetheless/neverthelesschild－>juvenileabsorb－>assimilatehand in－>renderundermine－>sap/enervate/debilitate get into chaos－>with chaos ensuingkey－>pivot/cruxsway－>vacillatefanatic patriotism->jingoism/chauvinism persuasive->thorough/sound/specific/co nvincingconsider－>take into accountvague->gratuitous/unwarranted/oversim-plifiedabsorb－>assimilateagree partly－>agree with reserve although－>albeit/notwithstanding arouse－>ignite/stimulate/spur/motivate bias－>prejudice/discriminate/tendency big city－>metropolisbut－>nonetheless/neverthelesschance－>alternativechange－>altercharacter->trait/individuality/idiosyncras y/personalitychild－>juvenileclash－>conflict/collision/rencounter consider－>take into accountcustom－>convention/tradition delegate－>representativedetail－>specificpersusive－>thorough/sound/specific/convincing consider－>take into accountvague－>gratuitous/unwarranted/oversimplifie dabsorb－>assimilateagree partly－>agree with reserve although－>albeit/notwithstanding arouse－>ignite/stimulate/spur/motivate because－>in thatbias－>prejudice/discriminate/tendency big city－>metropolisbut－>nonetheless/neverthelesschance－>alternativechange－>alertcharacter－>trait/individuality/idiosyncrasy/perso nalitychild－>juvenileclash－>conflict/collision/rencounter consider－>take into accountcustom－>convention/tradition delegate－>representativedetail－>specificdevote to－>dedicate toemphasis－>accentuateexpect－>anticipateexplain－>interpretexplain－>interpret/illustratefanatic patriotism－>jingoism/chauvinismfirst－>primarilyget into chaos－>with chaos ensuing hand in－>renderhardly－>merely－>barelyhurt－>vulnerablein fact－>actually/virtuallyinevitable－dispensablejoin－>participatekey－>crucial/vital/consequentialkey－>pivot/crux large－>miraculous/marvelous lawmaking－>legislationleading to－>contribute to/ conduceto/result inlimit－>stress/hinder/hampermay be－>probablymore and more－>increasing/growing obvious－>conspicuousoffspring－>descendantold－>ancientoperate－>manipulatepersuasive－>thorough/sound/specific/convincing proper－>appositeprovide－>lend－>offerpublicize－>propagandizesway－>vacillatethink-->contemplate/muse/meditate/retrospect thrive－>palmy/floushing/prosperity through－>in term of/viato sum－>to summarize/in conclusiontrue－>accurateundermine－>sap/enervate/debilitateuse－>employ/utilizevague->gratuitous/unwarranted/oversimplified value－>meritwant to－>desirewant－>intend to/tend to/be inclined towell-known－>outstanding100个同义词替换精髓词汇1. important =crucial (extremely important),significant(amount or effect large enough to be important)mon=universal, ubiquitous(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere)3.abundant=ample(enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants)4.stick=adhere, cling(hold on something tightly)5.neglect=ignore.(difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention.)6.near=adjacent(twothings next to each other), adjoin(the same as adjacent)7.pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seek sth, you try to obtain it. FORMAL)8.accurate=precise(precise is exact and accurate in all details), exact(correct in every detail)9.vague=obscure(unknown or known by only a few people)10.top=peak, summitpetitor=rival, opponent(especially in sports and politics)12.blame=condemn(if you condemn something, you say it is very bad and unacceptable)13.opinon=perspective, standpoint(means looking at an event or situation in a particular way)14.fame=prestige(describe those who are admired), reputation15.build=erect(you can erect something as buildings, FORMAL), establish16.insult=humiliate(do something or say something which makespeople feel ashamed or stupid)plain=grumble (complain something in a bad-tempered way)18.primary=radical (very important and great in degree), fundamental19.relieve=alleviate (alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intense or severe)20.force=coerces into(coerce means you make someone do something s/he does not want to),compel21.enlarge=magnify(magnify means make something larger than it really is) plex=intricate(if something is intricate, it often has many small parts and details)23. Lonely=solitary (if someone is solitary, there is no one near him/her24.small=minuscule(very small), minute,25.praise=exto l (stronger than praise), compliment(polite and political)26.hard-working=assiduous(someone who is assiduous works hard or does things very thoroughly27.difficult=arduous (if something is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, and involves a lot of efforts)28.poor(soil)=barren/infertile(used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannot be planted on it)29.fragile=brittle/vulnerable(someone who is vulnerable is easily hurt emotionally or physically)30.show=demonstrate (to demonstrate a fact means tp make it clear to people.) 31.big=massive(large in size, quantity, or extent), colossal(use this word, you emphasize something’s large), tremendous(INFORMAL),gigantic32.avoid=shun(if someone shuns something, s/he deliberately avoid that something or keep away from it.)33.fair=impartial(someone who is impartial is able to give a fair opinion or decision on something.)34.attack=assault (physically attack someone), assail (attack violently35.dislike=abhor(abhor means you hate something to a extreme extent for moral reasons), loathe(dislike very much)!36.ruin=devastate (it means damage something very badly, or utterly destroy it.)39.always=invariably(the same as always, but better than always)40.forever=perpetual(a perpetual state never changes), immutable(something immutable will never change or be changed)41.surprise=startle(it means surprise you slightly), astound(surprise you to a large degree),astonish(the same as astound) 42.enthusiasm=zeal (a great enthusiasm), fervency (sincere and enthusiasm)#43.quiet=tranquil(calm and peaceful), serene(calm and quiet)!44.expensive=exorbitant(it means too expensive that it should be)45.luxurious=lavish(impressive and very expensive), sumptuous(grand and very expensive46.boring=tedious(if you describe something tedious, you mean it is boring and frustrating)47.respect=esteem(if you esteem someone, you respect and admire him/her. FORMAL)48.worry=fret(if you fret about something, you worry about it)49.cold=chilly(unpleasantly cold), icy(extremely cold)50.hot=boiling(very hot)51.dangerous=perilous(very dangerous, hazardous(dangerous, especially to people's safety and health)52.nowadays=currently53.only=unique(the only one of its kind), distinctive;54.stop=cease(if something ceases, it stops happening or existing)55.part=component(the components of something are the parts that it is made of)( h56.result=consequence(the results or effects of something)57.obvious=apparent, manifest58.based on=derived fromcan see or notice them very easily)60.quite=fairly 61.pathetic=lamentable(very uncomfortable and disappointing)62.field=domain(a particular field of thought, activities or interest)63.appear=emerge(come into existence)64.whole=entire(the whole of something)865.wet=moist(slightly wet), damp(slightly wet), humid(very damp and hot)!66.wrong=erroneous(incorrect or partly correct)67.difficult=formidable68.change=convert(change into another form)69.typical=quintessential(this word means represent a typical example of something)70.careful=cautious(very careful in order to avoid danger), prudent(careful and sensible)71.ability=capacity, capability(the same as ability)72.strange=eccentric(if some one is eccentric, s/he behaves in a strange way, orhis/her opinion is different from most people)73.rich=affluent(if you are affluent, you have a lot of money)e= utilize (the same as use)75.dubious=skeptical(if you are skeptical about something, you have doubts on it.)76.satisfy=gratify (if you are gratified by something, it gives you pleasure and satisfaction)77.short=fleeting, ephemeral(if something is ephemeral, it lasts a short time)78.scholarship=fellowship79.angry=enraged(extremely angry)80.smelly=malodorous(used to describe an unpleasant smell)81.ugly=hideous(if something is hideous, it is very ugly or unattractive)#82.attractive=appealing(pleasing andattractive), absorbing(something absorbing can attract you a great deal) 83.diverse=miscellaneous(a miscellaneous groups consists of many different kinds of things)84.disorder=disarray, chaos85.crazily=frantically(used to describe someone who behaves in a wild and uncontrolled way)86.rapid=meteoric(ATTENTION: meteoric is only used to describe someone achieves success quickly)87.ordinary=mundane(very ordinary and not at interesting or unusual)88.despite=notwithstanding(FORMAL)89.best=optimal(used to describe the best level something can achieve)/90.sharp=acute(severe and intense)91.unbelievable=inconceivable(ifyou deem something inconceivable, you think it very unlike to happen ^92.puzzle=perplex(something perplex someone means it confuses and worries him/her because he/she does not understand it)93.method=avenue(away of getting something done)94.famous=distinguished(used to describe people who are successful in their career)95.ancient=archaic(extremely old and extremely old-fashioned)96.decorate=embellish(embellish means make something look more attractive via decorating it with something else)/97.possible=feasible(if something is feasible, it can be done, made or achieved)98.so=consequently, accordingly99.rare=infrequent (doesn’t happen often 100.greedy=rapacious(greedy and selfish) Governments :nations, countries, authorities, politiciansSpend :allocate, give, allot, provide, budget, make available, waste, awardSpace exploration =space program, trips to the moon, the international space station, planets, planetary voyagesMoney = budgets, taxes, resources,Problems = concerns, issues, worries, disasters, threats, threatening, war, famine, poverty, education, homelessness, drugs, global warmingHere = on earth, in our own countries, closer to home, in developing countries, foreign aid,人类The human race Humanity Humankind在当代In contemporary society In present-day society In this day and age解决Tackle Address Resolve combat破坏Destroy impair undermine影响Impact influence implications危险Hazard dangers明显的Apparent evident从事Carry out Conduct perform积极的，好的Beneficial advantageous消极的，坏的Baneful detrimental好处和坏处Advantages and disadvantages Strengths and weaknesses The upside and the downsidePros and cons Boons and banes无处不在的Prevalent pervasive大量的A host of A multitude of A vast number of (名词复数)A great deal of A vast amount o f(不可数名词)需要Require Call for增进Enhance improve 贫穷的impoverished保护preserve富裕的wealthy污染contamination 各位朋友你们好，又是本人发表笔记的时候了。

blunt 钝的brunt 冲击,进攻adjure 恳请abjure 发誓放弃aver 断言,主张avert 转移censor审查sensor传感器census人口调查sensus感觉censure指责,谴责canvas 帆布canvass 彻底检查,拉选票,拉生意carat 克拉caret 脱字符号( ^ 文章中插字使用)cataclysm 大灾难,洪水等catastrophe 大灾难,大祸carouse 狂欢作乐arouse 唤起aroma n．芳香，香气coma n. 昏迷状态有一种aroma可让人comabadge n. 徽章(如校徽等)cadge v. 行乞，乞求有一次见过一戴badge的cadge，哎creed n．信条，教义screed n．冗长的演说，长篇大论的文章不太喜欢很长的信条corpulence n．肥胖，臃肿opulence n．富裕我没corpulence，也没opulence，所以考Gcede v．割让（土地，权利）secede v．正式脱离或退出（组织）都是离prude n．过份守礼的人crude adj．未提炼的，粗鲁的，n．原油prude 显然不是crudemuddle n．混乱，迷惑puddle n．水坑,洼cuddle v．n．搂抱，拥抱huddle v．挤成一堆n．一堆人（杂物）在puddle里cuddle，就会huddle, 还可能会muddlebuckle n．皮带扣环v．扣紧chuckle v．轻声地笑看见别人buckle没系好会chucklecabal 在cab 里聚会，conspire 在spire 里产生clasp 钩子，扣子；紧握clash 冲突，撞击crash 碰撞、坠落、坠毁cinder煤渣，灰烬cylinder圆柱overt 公开的covert 秘密的lobe 耳坠lope 急跑lode 矿脉fragrant 芳香的flagrant 臭的distant 疏远的distinct 清楚的distract 转移gravel 碎石，沙砾grovel 摇尾乞怜，奴颜卑膝gavel 锥子lumination 照明，发光illumination 阐明，启发grass 草gross 总的，总额crass愚钝的，粗糙的cross怪脾气的dilate 放大dilatory 拖拉的apothecary 药剂师analgesic 止痛剂anesthetic 麻醉剂aseptic 防腐剂antiseptic 杀菌剂，防腐剂antidote 解毒剂astringent 收敛剂balm香膏，安慰剂coagulant 凝结剂defoliant脱叶剂depressant镇静剂desiccant 干燥剂detergent清洁剂herbicide除草剂pesticide杀虫剂soporific 安眠药cow母牛v.威胁cower畏缩，蜷缩coward胆小鬼a cow cowers like a cowardcorporal: of the bodycorporeal: of the bodyswindle欺骗，诈骗dwindle减小offset 弥补onset 病情发作outset 开始asset 资产beset 镶嵌parquet 镶木地板banquet 宴会bouquet 花束tourniquet 止血带perspire 出汗exspire 期满inspire 灵感aspire 热望overt 公开的covert 秘密的加入covet 非分地妄想crumb 面包屑，饼屑crumble v.弄碎, 粉碎, 崩溃n.面包屑crumple 弄破，弄皱spoil损坏, 搞糟, 宠坏, 溺爱despoil夺取，抢夺粗鄙之人churl无影响力之人cipher守秘密之人clam笨人dunce上当者dupe蛊惑民心的政客demagogue隐遁者, 寂寞者recluse放荡不羁者, 玩乐者, 浪子libertinecoax 诱惑hoax 捉弄，愚弄crab 螃蟹，发牢骚crag 峭壁反对demur端庄的demure鸡笼coop意外而成功的行动couplobe 耳垂叶lode 矿脉lope 轻快的脚步大步慢跑plight 困境slight 轻微的alight 下降的blight 枯萎的plod 重步走plot情节plumb 精确的，深入研究plume 羽毛plead 恳求pleat (衣服上的）皱plush 豪华的lush 翠绿的，奢华的blush 脸红的flush 丰足的ponder 仔细考虑ponderable 可估量的ponderous 笨重的potentate 当权者potential 潜在的potentiate 加重portentous 有危险，凶兆precipice 悬崖precipitant 沉淀剂precipiate 加速precipitation 降水量preculd 堵塞occlude 堵塞exclude 排除embark 上船、上飞机debark 下船、下飞机debauch 堕落debouch 流出，溢出recant 放弃decant 轻轻倒出proprietary 私人财产propriety 适当prophetic 预言的propitiate 讨好propitious 吉利的fervent 热情的，极热的；炽热的ferment (使)发酵, (使)激动, (使)动乱fertile 肥沃的, 富饶的, 能繁殖的fertilize 施肥, 使丰饶,使多产graze 擦伤，擦过gaze 凝视pucker 起皱puckish 淘气的pullet 小母鸡pulley 滑轮punctilious 谨慎的puncture 穿刺punctual 准时的punctuate 加标点purgative 泻药purgatory 炼狱的ramify 使分叉rampage 暴怒的rampant 猖狂的rampart 堡垒cavel 羊角gavel 锤子dodge 躲开，躲避lodge 寄宿，寄存dislodge 逐出，取出dodder 摇摆，蹒跚doodle 涂鸦，浪费时间disquisition 专题论文acquisition 获得，获得物locate 定位，位于dislocate 脱臼，把...弄乱deport 驱逐出境deportment 行为，举止deportation 放逐，驱逐出境disport 玩耍，娱乐disenchant 对...不再报幻想penchant 偏好，强烈的倾向reed 芦苇，簧片reek 发臭味，冒烟reel 卷轴，旋转reedy 大叫topple 倾倒toddle 婴儿蹒跚学步denounce 公开指责announce 宣布,公告renounce 断绝关系enounce 发声relapse 旧病复发collapse 倒塌elapse 时间流逝repeal 废除法律repel 击退remainder 剩余物remains 遗址reminder 提醒人记住事情casual 偶然的causal 原因的，因果关系的fascia 饰带fascine 捆柴fasciate 用带捆住的fascinate 迷惑,迷住fast 绝食fastness 要塞,城堡fallow 休耕的土地farrow 母猪生小猪feckless 无气力的, 没精神的, 软弱的, 无用的;不负责任的reckless 轻率的,不计后果的restless 得不到休息的, 不平静的, 不安宁的fictitious 假想的,编造的factitious 人为的,做作的factual 事实的apponent 支持者,拥护者exponent 说明者,支持者opponent 反对者extract 拔出,榨取,吸取exact 强求,勒索exactness 精确extol 赞美exalt 晋升,赞赏ford n.&v. 浅滩，涉水fort n. 要塞，堡垒fortress n. 要塞，堡垒freight 运送货物fraught 充满fray 吵架，打斗指责flay 剥皮，严厉指责、批评front (地球人都知道)frond n. 羊齿、棕榈等的叶子craft n.手艺，工艺，容器graft v.移植，嫁接draft n.草稿，草图v.起草acclaim v.喝彩，欢呼declaim v.呼喊，惊叫proclaim v.声明，宣告reclaim v.开垦，要求归还，收回complacent---self-satisfiedcomplaisant--affably agreeablecomplement---that wich completescompliant ----yieldingcomplicity----involvement in a crimecompliment---praiseimpalcable adj.感触不到的, 摸不到的, 难解的implacable 难以满足，难以平息的hurdle 跳栏，障碍curdle 凝固impervious 不能渗透的，不为所动的imperious 专横的，傲慢的hush 肃静，安静lush 青翠的bush n.矮树丛, (机械)衬套rush n. v. 匆促, 冲进push 推, 推动, 奋发mush n.软块, 多情, 碎冰vt.压碎harpoon 捕鲸的鱼叉lampoon 讽刺hermetic 封闭的，密封的，深奥的hermit 隐士harrow 使痛苦，耙harry 使苦恼，骚扰harrowhallow 使神圣barrow 独轮车helve 斧柄delve 钻研hush 肃静，安静lush 青翠的，繁荣的bush 矮树丛rush 冲进hunk 大块的食物junk 垃圾lurid 耀眼的，骇人听闻的lucid 清晰的inveigle 诱骗，诱使inveigh 痛骂，抨击loom 织布机；隐隐出项loon 懒人，笨人lout 粗人tout 吹捧pout 噘嘴，生气lobe 耳垂；（肝肺的）叶lode 矿藏lope 大步慢跑tope 佛塔；狂饮nope 不，不是ope 开放，自由进出mope 闷闷不乐loam 沃土foam 泡沫roam 漫游limp 松软的limb 四肢lumber 蹒跚而行，笨拙的走limber 可塑的timber 木材，木料vivid 生动的livid 青灰色的，苍白的meddle v.干预muddle n. 混乱，迷惑mettle n. 勇气monocle n.单片眼镜manacle n.手铐nib 钢笔尖nip 小口嘬饮assay 试验，测定essay 企图，散文，小品acne 痤疮，粉刺acme 顶点，极点abject 卑鄙的，可怜的adjacent 邻近的deject 使气馁，使愁闷eject 喷出，逐出conjecture 推测，猜想abjure 发誓放弃adjure 恳请，命令conjure 请求perjure 使发伪誓。

word List 1triumph n. 胜利，成功v. 得胜，战胜crucial a. 至关重要的，决定性的inevitable a. 不可避免的，必然发生的intellectual n. 知识分子 a. （后天的）智力的，理智的，有理解力的intelligence n. 智力，聪明；理解力；情报compare v. (to ， with) 比较； (to) 把⋯⋯比作，相比contrast n. 对比，对照vi.形成对比 v. 把⋯⋯与⋯⋯对比attain v. 达到；完成；获得vi. 达到dread v./n. 恐惧，担心introduce v. 介绍；引进，传入；提出(议案等 )；推出glowing a. 热烈赞扬的relieve v. 减轻，解除，援救，救济，换班prosperous a. 繁荣的，兴旺的diverge v.分开，岔开；向不同方向发展；（意见、理论、方法等）分歧，相异correspond v. 通信， (with) 符合，一致； (to) 相当于，对应primary a. 最初的，初级的；首要的，主要的，基本的approach v. 靠近，接近n. 接近；途径；方式，方法sensation n. 感觉，知觉；激动，轰动，轰动一时的事情rectify v. 纠正，整顿anonymous a. 匿名的，无名的，姓氏不明的parallel a. 平行的，相同的，类似的n. 平行线，类似，对比ratio n.比；比率；比例feature n. 特征；容貌；特色；特写v. 以⋯⋯为特色；刊登foremost a. 最先的；最初的；主要的ad. 首要地 (本词为一切最高级的替换词) edge n. 优势，优越之处 ; 就要发生之际，临近之时; 棱，边缘 ,刀锋casualty n. 伤亡人员；受害人；损失的东西；急诊室proposition n. 主张，建议；陈述;命题apprehensive忧虑的，担心的add v. 加；增加 (进 )；进一步说 /写 vi. (to) 增添analogy n. 类似，相似，类比charity n. 慈善 (团体 )；仁慈，施舍chronic a. ( 疾病 ) 慢性的；积习难改的；长期的estate n. 房地产；不动产；所有权；地位；生活状况underlie v. 成为⋯⋯的基础，作⋯⋯的说明和解释（account for ）late a. 迟的，晚的，晚期的；已故的ad. 迟，晚assimilate v. 吸收，消化；使同化appreciate v. 为⋯⋯表示感激，感谢；欣赏，评价embrace v. 拥抱；包含；采用，接受distinct a. 清楚的，明显的；(from) 截然不同的elect v. 选举，推选；选择，作出选择fundamental a. 基础的，基本的n. (pl.) 基本原则，基本原理launch v. 发射；使 (船 )下水；发动，开展n. 发射，下水imperative n. 命令；需要；规则；祈使语气 a. 强制的；紧急的mechanical a. 创始的，起始的n. 第一步；创始；主动精神purchase v. 买，购买 n. 购买的物品；支点terrify v. 使害怕，使惊恐partial a. 部分的，不完全的；偏袒的，偏爱的illusion n. 幻觉，错误的观念；错误的理解campaign n. 战役；运动v. 领导运动enhance v. 提高，增强temper n. 脾气；韧度v. 调和，使缓和morality n. 道德，美德monotonous a. 单调的，无变化的latin a. 拉丁的，拉丁文的occur v. 发生，出现；存在；想起，想到vulnerable a. 易受攻击的，易受伤害的；脆弱的susceptible a. (to sth.) 易受影响的；易受感动的；易受感染的insidious a. 潜伏的；隐患的subtle a. 精巧的，巧妙的；细微的，微妙的，不易察觉的horizon n. 地平线；眼界，见识privilege n. 特权，优惠，特许，荣幸v. 给予优惠，给予特权justify v. 证明⋯⋯正当 (或有理、正确 )，为⋯⋯辩护acknowledge v. 承认；接受；告知(信件等的 ) 收到；答谢mechanism n. 机械装置，机构；机制acquisition n. 取得，学到，养成(习惯 )；获得的东西；并购visible a. 看得见的，明显的，显著的fade v. 消失，褪色；衰减n. 淡入（出） n. 乏味（平淡）flaw n. 裂缝；缺陷 v. 使破裂；使有缺陷entail v. 牵涉，需要；限定继承人safeguard v. 维护，保护，捍卫n. 安全装置，安全措施relevant a. 有关的，中肯的，相应的profile n. 侧面 ( 像)；轮廓，外形；人物简介operation n. 运转，开动，操作；手术；运算；经营ingredient n. (混合物的 ) 组成部分，配料；成分，要素Word List 2remedy n. 药品；治疗措施v. 治疗，医治；纠正，补救abstract a. 抽象的 n. 摘要，梗概v.提取；摘录要点assault v. 猛烈地攻击，袭击n. 突然而猛烈的攻击proceed v. 进行，继续下去；发生process n. 过程，进程；工序，制作法；工艺v. 加工，处理pursuit n. 追赶，追求；职业，工作range n. 范围，领域；排列，连续；(山) 脉 v. 排列成行rank n. 军衔，社会阶层v. 分等级，把⋯⋯分类rebel v. 反抗，反叛，起义n.叛逆者，起义者simulate v. 模仿，模拟；假装，冒充sincere a. 诚挚的，真实的，诚恳的tactics n. 策略，战术terminal a. 晚期的；终点的；期末的n. 终点 (站 )；终端tentative a. 试探性的，暂时的；犹豫不决的vicinity n.邻近，附近volunteer n./v. 志愿 (者，兵 )；自愿 (提供 )alienate v. 使疏远，使不友好；离间anecdote n. 轶事，趣闻，短故事amiable a. 和蔼可亲的，友善的，亲切的blurn.模糊不清的事物；污点 v. 使模糊；玷污candidate n. 候选人，候补者；报考者cautious a.(of) 小心的，谨慎的characteristic a. (of) 特有的，独特的n. 特征，特性chemical a. 化学的 n. (pl.) 化学制品，化学药品，化学成分cherish v. 抱有，怀有 (希望等 )；爱护，抚育；珍爱decline v. 下降，衰落；拒绝 n. 下降；斜面，倾斜，衰落dedicate v. 奉献；献身于detect v. 察觉，发觉，侦察，探测deviate v.(from) 背离，偏离discreet a. ( 言行 ) 谨慎的；慎重的；有判断力的dissolve v. ( 使) 溶解， ( 使)融化；解散，取消distinguish v.(from) 区别，辨别；辨认出；使杰出emotion n. 情绪，情感，感情explicit a. 详述的，明确的；坦率的；显然的fatigue n./v. ( 使 )疲劳feasible a. 可行的；切实可行的；行得通的generous a. 宽宏大量的，慷慨的gratitude n. 感激，感谢hierarchy n. 等级制度；统治集团，领导层homogeneous a. 同种类的，同性质的，有相同特征的ideology n. 意识形态， ( 政治或社会的 )思想意识illegal a. 不合法的，非法的immune a. 免疫的，有免疫力的；不受影响的；豁免的judicial a. 司法的，法庭的，审判的；明断的，公正的juvenile n. 青少年，少年读物 a. 青少年的，幼稚的kin n. 家族，亲属，血缘关系 a. 亲属关系的，同类的legacy n. 遗产，遗赠；先人(或过去 )留下的东西liability n. 责任，义务； (pl.) 债务maintain v. 维修，保养，维持；供养；坚持merit n. 优点；价值；功绩v. 值得，应得misery n. 痛苦，悲惨，不幸notorious a. 臭名昭著的，声名狼藉的optional a. 可以任选的，随意的，非强制的participate v. (in) 参与，参加；分享，分担pathetic a. 可怜的，悲惨的performance n. 履行，执行；表演，演出；性能，特性；成绩philosophy n. 哲学，哲理；人生观，价值观，世界观physical a. 物质的；肉体的，身体的；自然科学的，物理的pledge n. 誓约；保证v. 发誓；保证radiant a. 发光的，辐射的，容光焕发的recreation n. 娱乐，消遣sarcastic a. 讽刺的saturate v. 使湿透，浸透；使充满，使饱和n.饱和脂肪segregate v. 使⋯⋯分开，隔离(病患等 )shift v. 替换，转移 n. 转换，转变； (轮 )班， (换 )班similar a. (to) 相似的，类似的arbitrary a. 任意的，任性的，主观的；专断的，武断的arouse v. 唤醒，叫醒；唤起，激起articulate a. 善于表达的；用关节相连的v.清楚地讲话ascertain v. 确定，查明，弄清infrastructure n. 基础；基础设施ingenious a. 机敏的；有独创性的；精致的；精巧制成的inhabit v. 居住于，存在于；栖息于inhabitant n. 居民，住户lately ad. 最近，不久前Word list 3advance n. 前进 ;预付 vi. 前进，进展v. 促进，推进hostile a. 敌对的，敌方的，敌意的implicit a. 含蓄的； (in) 固有的；无疑问的；绝对的imply v. 意指，含⋯⋯意思，暗示solidarity n. 团结；休戚相关spacious a. 广阔的，宽敞的stalk n. 茎，梗 v. 悄悄地跟踪vi. 高视阔步地走striking a. 显著的；惹人注目的，容貌出众的available a. ( 用于物 )可利用的；可见到的，接受采访的；可获得的；有效的auction n./v. 拍卖attribute v. (to) 归因于，归属于n.属性，品质，特征participant n. 参加者，参与者 a. 有份的，参与的substitute n. 代替者；替身；代用品v. (for) 代替，替换drought n. 旱灾，干旱migrate v. 迁移，移居 (国外 )，转移seminar n. ( 大学的 )研究班，研讨会temptation n. 引诱，诱惑；诱惑物exceed v. 超过，胜过；越出excel vi. 胜过其他；擅长v. 胜过，优于excerpt n./v.摘录；引用executive n. 总经理，董事，行政负责人 a. 执行的，实施的marginal a. 记在页边的，旁注的；(意识 ) 边缘的；小的，少的，轻微的nasty a. 严重的；肮脏的，卑劣的，下流的；令人厌恶的pessimistic a. 悲观 (主义 )的plead v. 恳求，请求；为⋯⋯辩护；提出⋯⋯为理由precise a. 精确的，准确的predominant a. (over) 占优势的；主要的，突出的recede v. 退回，后退；收回，撤回；跌落，缩减，贬值shelter n. 掩蔽处；掩蔽，保护v. 掩蔽，躲避，庇护sophisticated a. 尖端的，复杂的，先进的；老练的，老于世故的sponsor n. 发起人，主办者，保证人v. 发起，主办sympathy n. 同情，同情心；赞同，同感；慰问inspiration n. 灵感；鼓舞，激励；吸气interference n. (in) 干涉，干预； (with) 妨碍，打扰legitimate a. 合法的；合理的，合乎逻辑的v. 使合法legislation n. 法律 (规 )；立法，法律的制定(或通过 )magnify v. 放大，扩大；夸大，夸张maneuver v. 机动；用计谋n. 调动summarize v. 概括，总结surgery n. 外科，外科学；手术室，诊疗室technique n. 技巧，手艺，技能；技术，工艺vacant a. 空的，未占用的，空缺的；神情茫然的vertical a. 垂直的，竖的n. 垂线voluntary a. 自愿的，志愿的charm n. 吸引力，魅力 v. 迷人， (使) 陶醉；施魔法于certify v. 证明，证实；发证书 (或执照 )给characterize v. 表示⋯⋯的特性；描述⋯⋯特性collision n. 碰撞； (利益，意见等的 )冲突，抵触figure n.人物；体形；轮廓；数字；图形v. 描绘；计算；推测；引人注目fine a. 晴朗的；美好的，细致的；（语言或文字）辞藻华丽的，修辞的，恭维的gigantic a. 巨大的，庞大的resign v. 辞去，辞职；使听从(于) ，使顺从shield n. 防护物，护罩；盾，盾状物v. 保护，防护thoughtful a. 认真思考的，沉思的；体贴的，关心的，周全的tolerance n. 宽容，容忍，忍受；耐药力；公差violence n. 猛烈，强烈；暴力，暴行；狂暴vigorous a. 朝气蓬勃的，精力旺盛的vacation n. 休假，假期v. 度假turbulent a. 狂暴的，无秩序的deliver v. 交付，递送；发表，表达；释放；接生；达到（某能力、性能等的水delegate n. 代表 v. 委派⋯⋯为代表；授权，委托deduct v. 扣除；演绎 (推理 )deduce v. (from) 演绎，推断，推论cultivate v. 耕作，栽培，养殖；培养，教养，磨炼courtesy n. 谦恭有礼；有礼貌的举止(或言辞 )corrupt v. 贿赂，收买；腐蚀，使堕落 a. 腐败的，贪污的convenience n. 便利，方便； (pl.) 便利设备convenient a. (to) 便利的，方便的contaminate v. 弄污，弄脏，毒害，传染，污染continuous a. 连续的，持续的consensusn. ( 意见等的 ) 一致，一致同意，共识challenge n. 挑战 ( 书)；艰巨任务，难题 v. 向⋯⋯挑战，对⋯⋯提出质疑laterala.侧面的，旁边的；平级的；横向的massive a. 大而重的，厚实的，粗大的；大规模的，大量的match n. 火柴；比赛，竞赛；对手，配偶v. 匹配，相称Word list 4analyze v. 分析，分解appropriate a. 适当的，恰当的v. 拨给 ; 挪用，盗用disposal n. 处理，处置；布置，安排distribute v. 分发，分配；分布，(over) 散布dramatic a. 剧烈的；戏剧的，戏剧性的exclusive a. 独占的，排他的；孤高的；唯一的；高级的extract v. 拔出，抽出；摘录n.拔出，抽出；摘录；精华；选集fault n. 过失，过错；缺点，毛病；断层（地震）feminine a. 女性的；娇柔的feeble a. 虚弱的，无力的formulate v. 用公式表示；规划；系统地阐述hatred n. 憎恨，憎恶，怨恨honor n. 尊敬，敬意；荣誉，光荣v. 尊敬image n. 形象；声誉；形象的描述，比喻imagine v. 想象；设想，料想sequence n. 先后，次序；连续，数列severe a. 严厉的；剧烈的，严重的；严峻的shove v. 乱推；乱塞 vi. 用力推，挤n. 猛推slippery a. 滑的，滑溜的；狡猾的deceive v. 欺骗，蒙蔽decisive a. 决定性的declare v. 宣布，宣告，声明；断言，宣称decade n. 十年deed n. 行为，行动；功绩，事迹；证书；契据rate n. 速率；等级；价格，费用v. 估价；评级，评价reciprocal a. 相互的，互利的recur v. ( 尤指不好的事 )一再发生；重现rein n. 缰绳；统治，支配v. 驾驭，控制，统治scorn v./n. 轻蔑，藐视shabby a. 简陋的，破旧的；卑鄙的，不公平的spirit n. 精神；志气； (pl.) 情绪，心情； (pl.) 酒精spur n. 靴刺，马刺；刺激，刺激物v. 刺激，激励steady a. 稳定的，不变的；坚定的v. ( 使 )稳固，稳定temperament n. 气质，性格，性情territory n. 领土，版图；领域，范围wander v. 漫步，徘徊；迷路，迷失方向；离题wild a. 野性的，野生的；野蛮的；荒芜的controversial a. 引起争论的，有争议的contrive v. 谋划，策划；设法做到；设计，想出convert v. 变换，转换；改变(信仰等 )；兑换 (钱 )continent n. 大陆，洲contemplate v. 盘算；周密考虑；注视，凝视conspicuous a. 显眼的，明显的conscientious a. 审慎正直的，认真的；本着良心的property n. 财产，房地产；所有物；性质，特性prudent a. 谨慎的，稳健的punctual a. 严守时刻的，准时的，正点的purify v. 使纯净，提纯qualitative a. 性质上的，定性的quantitative a. 数量的，定量的racial a. 种的，种族的renovate v. 更新；修复reproach v./n. 责备，指责retention n. 保留，保持；保持力，记忆力smooth a. 光滑的；顺利的 v. 使⋯⋯顺利sphere n. 球，球体；范围，领域status n. 地位，身份；情形，状况straightforward a. 正直的；简单的ad. 坦率地stun v. 使⋯⋯失去知觉；使目瞪口呆，使吃惊subordinate a. (to) 次要的，从属的；下级的n.下级analogue n. 类似物，相似体；模拟abound vi. 大量存在； (in， with) 充满，富于acute a. 剧烈的，急性的；敏锐的；尖的，高音的administration n. 经营，管理；行政机关，管理部门adolescent n. 青少年 a. 青春期的，青少年的aesthetic a. 美学的，艺术的；审美的petition n. 请愿书，申请书v. ( 向⋯⋯ ) 请愿，正式请求pet n. 爱畜；宠儿 a. 宠爱的，表示亲昵的；拿手的，熟悉的phenomenon n. 现象pilgrim n. ( 在国外 )旅游者；朝圣者material n. 材料，原料，资料 a. 物质的，肉体的，实质性的moral a. 道德 (上 )的，精神上的 n. 寓意，教育意义occupy v. 占，占用；占据，占领；使忙碌，使从事reliable a. 可靠的，可信赖的，确实的reliance n. 信任，信心，依靠，依靠的人或物Word list 5pity v. 可怜，惋惜n. 憾事，怜悯plague n. 瘟疫，灾害，麻烦，苦恼v. 折磨，使苦恼plight n. 情况，状态 ;困境 ;盟誓 ( 婚姻 )v. 保证，约定ponder v. 沉思，考虑postpone v. 推迟，延期practitioner n. 实践者，从事者；(医生或律师等 ) 开业者precious a. 珍贵的，贵重的raise v. 举起，提升；增加；饲养；引起；竖起；提出reckless a. 不注意的，大意的，鲁莽的，不顾后果的refute v. 反驳，驳斥remote a. 远的，遥远的，疏远的，偏僻的；细微的resume n. 个人简历；摘要，概要v.再继续，重新开始；再用；恢复royalty n. 皇家，皇族，版税；专利权，使用费sanction n./v. 批准，同意，支持，认可n. 处罚，制裁security n. 安全 (感 ) ；防御 ( 物)；保证 (人) ；(pl.) 证券；抵押品slight a. 轻微的，微小的；纤细的，瘦弱的v.怠慢（某人），冷落 n. 冷落，轻视acid n. 酸，酸性物质 a. 酸的，酸味的；尖刻的address n. 住址；致词v.向⋯⋯致词；在信封上写姓名；解决adjacent a.(to)( 时间上 )紧接着的；邻近的，毗邻的adjective n. 形容词 a. 形容词的，用作形容词的advisable a. 可取的，适当的，明智的advocate n. 辩护者，拥护者，鼓吹者v.拥护，提倡adventure n. 冒险，冒险活动；奇遇v. 大胆进行advent n. ( 重要事件等的 )到来，来临affect v. 影响； (疾病 )侵袭；感动；假装n. 情感，感情affiliate v. 使隶属 ( 或附属 ) 于n.附属机构，分公司agony n. ( 精神或肉体的 )极大痛苦，创伤agitate v. 摇动 (液体 )；使焦虑不安，困扰；鼓动airline n. ( 飞机 )航线，航空公司 a. ( 飞机 ) 航线的corporation n. 市镇自治机关；法人；公司，企业correlate v. (with ，to)( 使) 互相关联n.相互关联的事物degenerate v. 衰退，堕落，蜕化a. 堕落的 n. 堕落者deprive v. 剥夺，夺去，使丧失descend v. 下来，下降；遗传(指财产，气质，权利) design v. 设计；构思；绘制；企图n. 设计，图样desirable a. 值得做的；合意的，称心的；期望得到的desperate a. 不顾一切的，铤而走险的；绝望的，危急的detach v. 分开，分离；分遣，派遣(军队 ) metropolitan a. 首都的，主要都市的minus a. 负的，减的prep.减去 n. 负号，减号miracle n. 奇迹，令人惊奇的人(或事 )reproduce v. 生殖；翻版；繁殖；复制，仿造restore v. 恢复，使回复；归还，交还；修复，重建routine n. 例行公事，常规 a. 常规的，例行的ruin v. 毁灭； (使) 破产 n. 毁灭，崩溃； (pl.) 废墟rumor n. 传闻，谣言solution n. 解答，解决办法；溶解，溶液sparkle v. 发火花，闪耀；激励，激发n. 光亮 ; 活力 ; 闪光spray n. 喷雾，飞沫，浪花，水花，小花簇v. 喷，喷射starve v. ( 使 )饿死，饿得慌，挨饿strenuous a. 费力的，艰辛的；奋发的，努力的stubborn a. 顽固的，倔强的；难对付的，难以克服的submit v.(to) 使服从，屈服，同意；(to) 呈送，提交；认为，建议summon v. 召唤；传讯，传唤；鼓起(勇气 )，振作 (精神 ) supreme a. 极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的adequate a. 充足的，足够的；适当的，胜任的adhere vi. (to) 粘着；坚持，遵守；依附，追随allocate v. 分配，分派；拨给；划归alter v. 改变，更改；改做(衣服 )vi. 改变，变化amaze v. 使惊奇，使惊愕；使困惑vi. 表现出惊奇ambiguous a. 引起歧义的，模棱两可的，含糊不清的amplify v. 放大，增强；详述，详加解说invent v. 发明，创造；捏造，虚构invisible a. 看不见的，无形的literacy n. 有文化，有教养；有读写能力lofty a. 崇高的，高尚的；高傲的；极高的loyalty n. 忠诚，忠心manifest v. 表明，证明，显示 a. 明白的，明了的margin n. 页边空白；边缘；余地；幅度；利润profound a. 深刻的，意义深远的；渊博的，造诣深的administer v. 施行，实施；掌管，料理⋯⋯的事务；给予adore v. 崇拜，敬慕，爱慕；非常喜欢adjoin v. 临近，靠近；贴近，毗连literally ad.照字面意义，逐字地；确实mood n. 心情，情绪；语气Word List 6addict v. (be addicted to)使沉溺；使上瘾n. 沉溺于不良嗜好的人affluent a. 富有的，丰富的，富饶的affirm v. 断言，肯定；证实，确认afford v. 担负得起 (损失、费用、后果等) ，买得起aggressive a. 侵略的，好斗的；有进取心的altitude n. 高度，海拔；（ pl.）高处，高地latitude n. 纬度；行动或言论的自由(范围 )； (pl.) 地区prospective a. 预期的psychology n. 心理，心理学，心理状态qualify v. ( 使)具有资格，证明合格；限制，限定random a. 随机的，随意的n. 随机，随意recite v. 背诵，朗诵reckon v. 估计；计算，测算；依赖，指望reconcile v. 使和好；调解，使调和；(to， with) 使一致recruit v. 征募 (新兵 )，招收 n. 新成员，新兵refresh v. ( 使 )精神振作， (使 )精力恢复refugee n. ( 政治上的 )避难者，难民resident n. 居民，常住者 a. 居住的saint n. 圣人，基督教徒satire n. 讽刺，讽刺文学，讽刺作品sensible a. 明智的，达理的；可觉察的，明显的stern a. 严厉的；坚决的，坚定的n. 船尾，舟尾sturdy a. 坚定的，不屈不挠的；强健的，结实的subjective a. 主观 (上 )的，个人的symptom n. ( 疾病的 )症状； (不好事情的 ) 征兆，表征tempt v. 诱惑，引诱；吸引，使感兴趣testimony n. 证据，证词；表明，说明tolerate v. 容忍，默许agenda n. 议事日程，记事册amateur a./n. 业余 ( 水平 )的 (运动员、艺术家等) amuse v. 向⋯⋯提供娱乐，使⋯⋯消遣；引人发笑annoy v. 使恼怒，使生气；打扰apparatus n. 器具，仪器；机构，组织arrogant a. 傲慢的，自大的assert v. 断言；宣称；坚持(权利、权威等 )captive n. 俘虏 a. 被俘虏的，被监禁的category n. 种类，目录；范畴，类型civilization n. 文明，文化cohesive a. 黏合性的；凝聚的，有结合力的collaborate vi. 协作，合作； (与敌人 )勾结，通敌comfort n. 舒适，安逸；安慰，慰问v. 安慰；使舒适commute v. 乘公交车上下班，乘车(船等 )往返于两地n. 上下班路程coordinate a. 同等的，并列的n. 坐标 v. 协作，协调exquisite a. 优美的，高雅的；敏锐的；剧烈的extinguish v. 熄灭，消灭；使不存在fabricate v. 捏造，编造 (谎言，借口等 )；建造，制造faulty a. 有缺点的，有错误的facilitate v. 使变得 (更 )容易；使便利；推动flourish n./v.繁荣，茂盛，兴旺formidable a. 令人敬畏的；可怕的；艰难的fragrant a. 香的；芬芳的glorious a. 辉煌的；光荣的gorgeous a. 华丽的；灿烂的；愉快的，极好的graceful a. 优美的，高雅的，大方的guarantee n. 保证，保证书v. 保证，担保harmony n. 协调，和谐；融洽harness v. 治理，利用n. 马具，挽具handicap v. 妨碍，使不利n. 缺陷，残疾；障碍，不利条件humorous a. 富于幽默感的，幽默的；滑稽的ignorant a. 无知的，愚昧的；不知道的imitate v. 模仿，仿效；仿造，伪造individual a. 个人的，单独的；独特的n. 个人，个体indispensable a. (to ，for) 必不可少的，必需的innovation n. 创新，革新；新观念，新方法integrity n. 正直，诚实；完整，完全intricate a. 复杂的，错综的；难以理解的invariable n. 不变的 , 永恒的 a. 不变的 , 不变量journalist n. 记者，新闻工作者occurrence n. 发生，出现；事件，事故，发生的事情odd a. 奇数的；奇怪的；单只的；临时的；带零头的odds n. 不平等，差异；机会，可能性relay v. 中继，转播n. 接力，接力赛；接替人员，替班release v. 释放，解放；发表，发行n. 释放，豁免，放松relief n. ( 痛苦等 )减轻，解除；援救，救济Word list 7leading a. 领导的，指导的；第一位的；最主要的leisure n. 空闲，闲暇；悠闲，安逸liablea.有⋯⋯倾向的；有责任的privacy n. 独处，私生活；隐私，私事priority n. 先，前；优先，重点，优先权proclaim v. 宣告；表明prospect n. 景色；前景，前途solitary a. 孤独的；偏僻的；单一的，唯一的specify v. 指定，详细说明speculate vi. 思索；推测v. 投机；思索，推测stain n. 污点，瑕疵v. 玷污；染色stall n. 货摊；畜栏，厩v. ( 使 )停转， (使 )停止budget n. 预算 v. 做预算awkward a. 笨拙的；尴尬的；使用不便的avail n. 效用，利益v. 利用mosquito n. 蚊子authentic a. 真的，真正的；可靠的，可信的attendant n. 陪从；出席人；服务员 a. 出席的；伴随的assume v. 假装；假定，设想；承担attend v. 出席，参加；照顾，护理vi. 注意；侍奉augment v. ( 使 )增大，增加，增长，扩张avert v. 防止，避免；转移( 目光、注意力等 )benign a. ( 病)良性的； (气候 )良好的；仁慈的，和蔼的boost n./v. 提升；增加brief a. 简短的，简洁的v. 简短介绍，简要汇报cardinal n. ( 天主教的 )红衣主教 a. 首要的 ; 基本的cargo n.货物cause n.原因；事业 v. 使产生，引起cognitive a. 认知的，认识能力的coincide vi. 同时发生，巧合；一致, 相符commit v. 把⋯⋯交托给，提交；犯(错误 )，干 (坏事 ) competitive a. 竞争的；好竞争的； (价格等的 )有竞争力的competent a. 有能力的，能胜任的consolidate v. 使加固，使加强； (把⋯⋯ ) 联为一体，合并incentive n. 刺激，鼓励；诱因，动机incorporate v. 合并，纳入，结合 a. 合并的inertia n.不活动，惰性；惯性innocent a. (of) 清白的，无罪的；无害的；单纯的，无知的insure v.保险，给⋯⋯保险；保证intelligible a. 可理解的，明白易懂的；清楚的intimate a. 亲密的，密切的 n. 熟友，熟人 v. 暗示 ,通知lubricate v. 润滑，加润滑油luxury n. 奢侈，华贵；奢侈品 a. 奢侈的，豪华的malignant a. 恶性的，致命的；恶意的，恶毒的marvelous a. 惊人的，奇迹般的；妙极了的meditate v. 想，考虑； (尤指宗教上的 )沉思，冥想miserable a. 痛苦的，悲惨的moderate v.缓和；使适中 a. 有节制的；中等的，适度的；温和的，稳健的mount v. 登上；安装n. 支架，底板； (用于山名前 )山峰municipal a. 市( 立，政 ) 的；地方性的，地方自治的novelty n. 新奇，新颖，新奇的事物objective n. 目标，目的 a. 客观的，真实的omit v. 省略，删去；遗漏，忽略penetrate v. 穿过，渗入；看穿plot n. 秘密计划；情节v. 标绘，绘制；密谋，策划porcelain n. 瓷器 a. 精制的；瓷器的potential a. 潜在的，可能的n. 潜能，潜力preceding a. 在前的，在先的preclude v. 排除；阻止，妨碍prefer v.(to) 更喜欢，宁愿prejudice n. 偏见，成见；损害，侵害v. 使抱有偏见prescribe v. 指示，规定；处 (方 )，开 (药)preside v.(at ， over) 主持presume v. 假定，假设；认为，揣测；滥用，擅自行动smash v./n. 打碎，粉碎sniff vi. 嗅⋯⋯味道；抽鼻涕；对⋯⋯嗤之以鼻，蔑视solemn a. 庄严的，隆重的；严肃的specialize v.(in) 专攻，专门研究，专业化splendid a. 壮丽的，辉煌的；极好的squeeze v. 压榨，挤n. 榨取，勒索mortal a. 致命的；终有一死的；人世间的n. 凡人mortgage n./v.抵押 (借款 )relax v. ( 使 )松弛，放松sack n. 袋，包，麻袋；解雇v. 解雇sacred a. 神圣的；宗教的；庄严的Word list 8career n. ( 个人的 )事业；专业，生涯，职业，经历caress v./n. 安慰，抚慰，爱抚cargo n. 船货，货物carpenter n. 木工，木匠carpet n. 地毯romance n. 传奇，爱情故事romantic a. 浪漫的，传奇式的；不切实际的，好幻想的roof n. 屋顶，顶root n. 根，根部；根本，根源v. ( 使)生根， (使 )扎根rot v. (使 ) 腐烂， ( 使)腐败、腐朽rotten a. 腐烂的，腐朽的rotate v. ( 使)旋转rotary a. 旋转的rough a. 粗糙的；粗略的，大致的；粗野的，粗暴的polite a. 有礼貌的，客气的；有教养的，文雅的political a. 政治的politician n. 政治家，政客politics n. 政治，政治学；政纲，政见retort n./v. 报复，反击，反驳retreat n./v. 撤退，退却retrieve v. 重新得到，取回；挽回，补救；检索retrospect v./n. 回顾，回想，追溯return v./n.回报；返回，回来；归还，送还；回答reverse n. 相反；背面 a. 相反的 v. 颠倒，倒转revise v. 修订，校订；修正，修改revive v. 恢复； (使 )复苏revolt v./n. 反抗，起义revolve v. ( 使)旋转；考虑；公转，循环reward n. (for) 报酬，赏金v. (for) 酬劳；酬谢brilliant a. 光辉的，灿烂的；卓越的，有才华的pneumonia n. 肺炎pocket n. 衣袋 a. 袖珍的，小型的 (作定语 )v. 把⋯⋯装入袋内brim n. 边缘，帽边 v. 注满brisk a. 轻快的；生气勃勃的；兴隆的brittle a. 易碎的；脆弱的；冷淡的；(声音 )尖利的sociable a. 好交际的，友好的，合群的social a. 社会的；交际的socialism n. 社会主义society n. 社会；社团，协会，社；社交界，上流社会sociology n. 社会学up-to-date a. 现代化的，最新的；跟上时代的；及时的upward a. 向上的，上升的ad. 向上urban a. 城市的，市内的urge vt. 催促；怂恿； (on/upon sb./sth.)强调 n. (impulse) 强烈欲望，迫切要求urgent a. 急迫的，紧要的，紧急的used a. 旧的； (be/get~to sth.) 习惯于⋯⋯； (~to do sth.) 过去习惯 /经常equator n. 赤道equivalent a. (to) 相等的，等价的n. 相等物，等价物equip v. (with) 装备，配备；训练equipment n. 设备，器材，装置；才能crystallize v. （使）具体化；（使）明确era n. 时代，年代，阶段，纪元erase v. 擦掉；删去；消磁weary a. 疲倦的；令人厌烦的 v. (of) 使疲倦，使厌倦wedding n. 婚礼wedge n. 楔，楔形 v. 楔牢，楔入，挤进weed n. 杂草，野草 v. 除草，锄草weep v. 哭泣，流泪；滴下 n. 哭泣neat a. 整洁的，干净的；优美的，精致的 (done carefully)weigh v. 称⋯⋯重量，称；重达；考虑，权衡weight n. 重量；负荷，重担；重要性，分量；砝码，秤砣weird a. 古怪的，离奇的；怪诞的，神秘而可怕的welcome int. 欢迎 a. 受欢迎的 v./n. 欢迎；迎接weld v. (~A to B) 焊接zeal n. (for) 热心，热忱，热情zebra n. 斑马prone a. 易于发生的，有发生⋯⋯倾向的thorny a. 令人苦恼的；棘手的，麻烦的expire v.（文件，授权，协议）成为无效；失效；（人）死亡zoom vi. 急速上升； (飞机 )陡升 n. 陡升；嗡嗡声abandon v. 离弃，丢弃；遗弃，抛弃；放弃abdomen n. 腹，下腹 (胸部到腿部的部分 )abide vi. (by) 遵守，坚持； (abode) 持续，住，逗留 v. 容忍，忍受；等候ability n. (to do sth., for sth.) 能力；本领；才能，才干；专门技能，天资abnormal a. 反常的，不正常的，不规则的Word list 9commemorate v. 纪念，庆祝commence v. 开始 vi. 获得学位paradise n. 天堂commend v. 称赞，表扬；委托，保管；(to) 推荐paradox n. 似是而非的话，自相矛盾的话，反论comment n. 注释，评论，意见v. (on) 注释，评论parade n./v. 游行，夸耀 n. 检阅，阅兵式v. 使列队行进commerce n. 商业，贸易；交际，交往commercial a. 商业的；商务的；可获利的n. 广告节目orientation n. 方向，方位，定位，倾向性，向东方origin n. 起源，由来；出身，来历original a. 最初的，原文的；新颖的 n. 原物，原作，原文originate v. (in ， from) 起源，发生；首创，创造reveal v. 展现，显示，揭示，揭露，告诉，泄露revelation n. 揭示，揭露，显示，启示，新发现，被揭露的事bother v. 打扰，麻烦vi. 担心，烦恼 n. 烦恼，焦急paralyze v. 使瘫痪 (麻痹 )；使丧失作用breach n. 违反，不履行；破裂v. 冲破，攻破ornament v. 装饰，美化n. 装饰，装饰物parachute n. 降落伞 v. 跳伞revenge n. (on sb. for sth.)报复，复仇v. 替⋯⋯报仇paste n. 糊，糨糊 v. 粘，贴revenue n. 财政收入，税收passion n. 热情，激情，爱好；激怒；强烈感情passive a. 被动的，消极的pastime n. 消遣，娱乐simply ad. 简单地；完全，简直；仅仅，只不过；朴素地simplify v. 简化，使单纯simplicity n. 简单，简易；朴素；直率，单纯underestimate v. 低估，看轻undergo v. 遭受，经历，承受undergraduate n. 大学生，大学肄业生underlying a. 含蓄的，潜在的；在下面的underline v. 在⋯⋯下划线；强调undermine v. 暗中破坏，逐渐削弱；侵蚀⋯⋯的基础underneath prep. 在⋯⋯下面 ad. 在下面，在底下undertake v. 承担，担任； (to do sth./that) 许诺，保证；着手，从事entertain v. 招待，款待；使娱乐；使欢乐；容纳，接受entertainment n. 招待，款待；表演文娱节目；娱乐enthusiasm n. 热情，热心；狂热；(for) 积极性enthusiastic a. 热情的，热心的nominal a. 名义上的； (金额，租金 )微不足道的nominate v. 提名，任命observe v. 观察，观测，注意到，监视；遵守；评述，说；庆祝observation n. 观察，观测，监视；(pl.) 观察资料；观察力notable a. 值得注意的，显著的，著名的noticeable a. 显而易见的，值得注意的，重要的notify v. 通知，告知，报告notion n. 概念，想法，意念，看法，观点operate v. 操作，运转，开动；起作用；动手术operational a. 操作的，运转的，起作用的，经营的operator n. 操作人员， ( 电话 )接线员；经营者transaction n. 办理，处理；交易，事务； (pl.) 会报，学报transcend v. 超出，超越 (经验、知识、能力的范围等 )transfer v./n.转移；转换；转让，过户；迁移；(from ⋯ to ⋯ ) 改乘transform v.改变，变换；变压；转化； (into) 改造成transient a.短暂的，转瞬即逝的；临时的，暂住的transistor n. 晶体管；晶体管收音机transition n. 转变，变迁，过渡( 时期 )translate v. 翻译 ;解释；转化translation n. 翻译；译文，译本transmit v. 传输 /导；转送；发射vi. 发射信号；发报transmission n. 播送，发射；传动，传送transparent a. 透明的，透光的；易理解的；明显的transplant n./v. 移植 (植物；组织，器官等 )；迁移transport v. 运输，运送，搬运n. 运输；运输系统，运载工具wrench v. 猛拧；挣脱；使扭伤n. 扳手；痛苦，难受wretched a. 可怜的，悲惨的；肮脏的；恶劣的wrinkle n. 皱纹 v. 起皱，皱眉yet ad. 还，尚，仍然；已经 conj. 然而 ad. 甚至 (用于比较级之前 )yield v. 出产，生长； (to) 屈服，服从； (A yield to B)B取代了 An. 产量，收获youngster n. 小伙子，年轻人；少年，儿童fabulous a. 极好的；极为巨大的；寓言中的facility n. 灵巧，熟练； (pl.) 设备，设施，便利条件fascinate v. 迷住，强烈吸引Word list 10super a.极好的，超级的superficial a. 表面的；肤浅的，浅薄的superior a. 优良的，卓越的；上级的n. 上级；长者；高手supersonic a. 超音速的，超声波的n. 超声波，超声频superstition n. 迷信，迷信的观念或习俗supervise v. 管理，监督。