Consumer Behavior Analisys of Real Estate Market with Emphasis
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The Built & Human Environment Review, Volume 4, Special Issue 1, 2011 182 Consumer Behavior Analisys of Real Estate Market with Emphasis in Residential Mobility, Choice and Satisfaction – Brazilian Cases
Brandstetter, M. C. G. de O. maria.carolina@uol.com.br School of Civil Engineering, Federal University of Goias, Brazil
Abstract This research work addresses determinants of housing consumer behavior. This Brazilian work presents the development of a methodology which combines the examination of housing attributes and behavioral attitudes about residential mobility, choice and satisfaction. A theoretical revision is made initially considering these three processes of architecture and socio-demographic literature. The research method is the multiple case studies. The data had been collected since 2004. About 80 studies had been carried. A general vision of the study is presented, with description of the sources of the data. Presenting one of the cases, the work shows how the progression of households through the stock is influenced by the circumstances that prompt moves, economic resources and family life cycle stage. For analysis of this concept, a representative project was developed, considering the notion of parallelism between professional and housing careers, life cycle events and family financial aspects. The end results might be used by developers authorities assessing the impacts of environmental characteristics as dissatisfaction causes of residential mobility. The knowledge of determinants of housing behavior allows information about the significance of relationships between the environment and human actions, which might be used by planning authorities in the definition of better subsequent built environments.
Keywords: consumer behavior, real estate, housing career
Introduction Two aspects are essential in the present work: conceptual and methodological. The first concerns to the work’s goal in uniting the concepts searched in the several literatures that discuss the consumer behavior theme, adapting them to an unique and enclosing notion and involving the theme. The second concerns to the goal of proposing a methodology able to investigate the consumer behavior from this enclosing conceptual notion.
The discussion around the behavior of the habitation demand frequently is restricted to the works that evaluate the residential satisfaction, generally backed in the Post-Occupational Evaluation methodology, already broadly spread in the national scenery. However the demand behavior also involves other aspects, besides the residential satisfaction. It becomes necessary to consider the behavior in a systemic manner, relating needs, preferences, motivations that generate the search for a new house and the characteristics that define the family’s social economic profile. The Built & Human Environment Review, Volume 4, Special Issue 1, 2011 183 A great part of the social economic geography classical studies analyze punctually the demand behavior stages, generally bound to the processes of residential mobility, the new home choice and/or the residential satisfaction. In these works, a variables set are pointed as determinant in larger or smaller influence of these processes.
Several works that have treated these stages own a quantitative view, exploring statistical data whose methodological limitation, carries the analysis passible of variables reduction. Moreover, works that care for the market segmentation or modeling need to test continually new variables.
Considering the subjective aspects of the investigation, we have started with the presupposed that a qualitative methodology, using a data collection instrument type structured interviews, it allows the comprehension, the reach and the deepening of the necessary information.
This work seeks to present the determinant variables of the real estate demand behavior, proposing the original consideration of the involved concepts in the three processes that define the behavior: mobility, choice and residential satisfaction. The originality also is regulated by the methodological proposal of investigation and ransom of the habitational preferences, based on conceptual vehicle of the housing career.
The work proposes itself, thus, to supply subsidies for studies that need the information originating from the demand, contributing with a series of intervening involved with the habitational product, especially, designers and entrepreneurs.