血清胃饥饿素是GCA标志物plos one 2013

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SerumGhrelin;ANewSurrogateMarkerofGastric

MucosalAlterationsinUpperGastrointestinal

Carcinogenesis

AlirezaSadjadi1,2,AbbasYazdanbod3,YeongYehLee4,5,MajidBoreiri1,FatemehSamadi3,

BehroozZ.Alizadeh1,2,FarhadIslami6,ValerieFyfe4,MasoudBabaei3,MohammadJ.Namazi4,7,

JamesJ.Going8,MasoudSotoudeh1,GeertruidaH.deBock2,RezaMalekzadeh1,

MohammadH.Derakhshan1,4*

1DigestiveDiseaseResearchCenter,TehranUniversityofMedicalSciences,Tehran,Iran,2DepartmentofEpidemiology,UniversityofGroningen,UniversityMedicalCenterGroningn,Groningen,TheNetherlands,3GastrointestinalCancerResearchCenter,ArdabilUniversityofMedicalSciences,Ardabil,Iran,4InstituteofCardiovascular&MedicalSciences,UniversityofGlasgow,Glasgow,UnitedKingdom,5SchoolofMedicalSciences,UniversitiSainsMalaysia,KubangKerian,Kelantan,Malaysia,6InstituteforTranslationalEpidemiology,MountSinaiSchoolofMedicine,NewYork,UnitedStatesofAmerica,7SabzevarUniversityofMedicalSciences,Sabzevar,Iran,8InstituteofCancerSciences,UniversityofGlasgow,Glasgow,UnitedKingdom

Abstract

Background:Afewstudieshaveindicatedinverserelationshipsbetweenserumghrelinandgastricandesophagealcancersbutthoseassociationshavebeenrestrictedtospecificpopulations,includingsmokersandoverweightindividuals.Weexaminedtheassociationbetweenghrelinandgastroesophagealcancersandatrophicgastritisinapopulation-basedsetting.

Methods:Intotal220gastroesophagealcancers,comprisingnon-cardiaandcardiagastriccancer,esophagealadenocarcinoma,esophagealsquamouscellcarcinoma(SCC)andageandgender-matchedcontrolswererecruited.Serumghrelin,pepsinogenI/IIratio(PGI/II)andanti-H.pyloriIgGantibodiesweremeasured.Relationshipsbetweenghrelinandgastroesophagealcancers,afteradjustmentforPGI/IIratio,H.pyloristatusandsmoking,weretestedusinglogisticregression.Furthermore,in125endoscopicallynormalvolunteers,withandwithouthistologicalatrophicgastritis,therelationshipwithghrelinwascompared.

Results:Serumghrelin(lowestvs.highestquintile)wasinverselyassociatedwithgastriccancer:OR(95%CI)8.71(1.70–44.59)forcardiaand6.58(1.26–34.46)fornon-cardiacancer.LowerserumghrelinwasalsoassociatedwithesophagealSCC:OR(95%CI)5.69(1.36–23.78),butnotwithesophagealadenocarcinoma.Asimilarassociationwasobservedbetweengastriccancer(cardiaandnon-cardia)andesophagealSCCwhenserumghrelinwasanalysedasacontinuousscaledvariable.Inendoscopically-normalvolunteers,extensiveatrophicgastritiswasassociatedwithlowserumghrelin[OR(95%CI)0.25(0.10–0.64)].

Conclusion:Inverseassociationsbetweenghrelinandsomegastroesophagealcancerssuggestapotentialroleforserumghrelinasabiomarkerofuppergastrointestinalcancersandatrophicgastritis.Inareaswithahighincidenceofgastricand/oresophagealcancer,screeningmightbemoreeffectivelytargetedtoindividualswithlowserumghrelininadditiontothePGI/IIratio.

Citation:SadjadiA,YazdanbodA,LeeYY,BoreiriM,SamadiF,etal.(2013)SerumGhrelin;ANewSurrogateMarkerofGastricMucosalAlterationsinUpperGastrointestinalCarcinogenesis.PLoSONE8(9):e74440.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0074440

Editor:ZaneAndrews,MonashUniversity,Australia

ReceivedMay15,2013;AcceptedAugust2,2013;PublishedSeptember30,2013

Copyright:ß2013Sadjadietal.Thisisanopen-accessarticledistributedunderthetermsoftheCreativeCommonsAttributionLicense,whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalauthorandsourcearecredited.

Funding:Thisworkwassupportedbyaresearchgrant(301/438)fromtheDigestiveDiseaseResearchCentre(DDRC)ofTehranUniversityofMedicalSciences,apostdoctoralfundfromIran’sNationalElitesFoundation(INEF)andaresearchgrantfromNanoEngineeringCompany,Tehran,Iran.Thefundershadnoroleinstudydesign,datacollectionandanalysis,decisiontopublish,orpreparationofthemanuscript.

CompetingInterests:Theauthorshavedeclaredthatnocompetinginterestsexist.

*E-mail:mohammad.derakhshan@glasgow.ac.uk

Introduction

Gastricandesophagealcancersareamongthemostprevalent

malignanciesworldwide,claimingmorethan1,000,000lives

annually[1].Ingastricadenocarcinoma,long-termmucosal

damageassociatedwithHelicobacterpylori(H.pylori)infectionresults

inacascadeofatrophicgastritis,intestinalmetaplasia,anddysplasialeadingtocancer[2].Intheprocessofgastric

carcinogenesis,hypochlorhydria,iscausedbylossofparietalcells

inatrophicgastritisandseverechronicinflammationofthegastric

bodymucosa[3,4].Concurrentlossofchiefcellsfromdeeper

gastricglandsmayleadtoareductionlocallyandintheserumof

pepsinogenI(PGI)andpepsinogenII(PGII).TheserumPGIand

toalesserextentPGIIdecreaseduringtheprocessof

atrophic

PLOSONE|www.plosone.org1September2013|Volume8|Issue9|e74440gastritis,whichpromptstheuseofserumPGI/IIratioasa

surrogatemarkerofatrophicgastritisandcancerrisk[5].

Aswellashydrochloricacidandpepsinogen,thegastricmucosa