02 there be句型【基础知识】1. 构成There be句型表示的是“某处有/存在某人或某物”，其结构为“There be(is，are)＋名词＋地点状语”。
There are forty-two students in our class.我们班有42名学生。
There is a pencil in my pencil-box.我的铅笔盒里有一支铅笔。
2. 各种句式(1)否定句：There be＋not＋名词＋地点状语。
其中not也可以用no表示。
即：no＋名词＝not a/an/any＋名词。
她的包里有个橘子。
There is an orange in her bag.→There is no orange in her bag.＝There isn’t any/an orange in her bag.树上有几只鸟。
There are some birds in the tree.→There are no birds in the tree.＝There aren’t any birds in the tree.(2)一般疑问句：Be there＋名词＋地点状语？回答：Yes, there be./No, there be＋not.(is not= isn’t/ are not= aren’t)她的包里有点钱。
There is some money in her bag.—Is there any money in her handbag? —Yes, there is./No, there isn’t.【注意】肯定句变为否定句或一般疑问句时，句中的some应改为any。
(3)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be(is /are)+there+其他(4)时态●一般现在时：there is/are●一般过去时：there was/were●一般将来时：there will be= there is/ are going to be3. 用法(1)There be句型中，be动词的形式要和其后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
There-be-句型和现在进行时There be句型一、There be 结构There be + sb/sth +地点某地有某人或某物。
1.肯定句结构：There is + 不可数名词或可数名词单数+ 地点栗子：There is a book on the desk. There is some bread on the table.There are + 可数名词复数+地点栗子：There are some books on the desk.2.否定句结构：在be 后面加not，some变anyThere is not +不可数名词或可数名词单数+ 地点栗子：There isn’t a book on the desk. There isn’t any bread on the table.There are not +可数名词复数+地点栗子：There aren’t any books on the desk.3.一般疑问句结构：be 动词调句首，some变any, 加问好Is there +不可数名词或可数名词单数+ 地点？Yes, there is. No, there isn’t.栗子：Is there a book on the desk? Is there any milk on the table?Are there +可数名词复数+地点? Yes, there are. No, there aren’t.栗子: Are there any books on the desk?4.特殊疑问句（对划线部分提问）（1）划线部分是人或物：如果名词是物：What’s +地点?(不管划线部分是单数还是复数，都用what’s)栗子：There is a book on the desk? (对划线部分提问) What’s on the desk?如果名词是人：Who’s + 地点?(不管划线部分是单数还是复数，都用who’s)栗子：There is a girl in the room?(对划线部分提问) Who’s in the room?（2）划线部分是表示数量的词：如果物是不可数名词：How much + 物+ is there +地点？栗子：There is some milk on the table. (对划线部分提问)How much milk is there on the table?如果物是可数名词：How many + 物+ are there + 地点？栗子：There are some books on the desk.(对划线部分提问)How many books are there on the desk?（3）划线部分是地点：Where is+可数名词单数或不可数名词？栗子：There is a book on the desk.(对划线部分提问) Where is the book?There is some milk on the table. (对划线部分提问) Where is the milk?Where are +可数名词复数？栗子：There are four books on the desk. (对划线部分提问) Where are the four books?二、重点原则：就近原则！There be是近视眼！靠近be动词的名词是可数复数则用are；靠近be动词的名词是不可数或可数单数用is。
