腹主动脉瘤腔内修复术中封闭髂内动脉后的并发症
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北京大学学报( 医学版 )
JOURNAL OF PEKING UNIVERSITY(HEALTH SCIENCES) Vo1.46 No.6 Dec.2014 ·917·
腹主动脉瘤腔内修复术中封闭髂内动脉后的
并发症
栾景源 ,李 选M,向 勇 ,傅 军 ,王昌明 ,李天润 ,韩金涛
(1.北京大学第三医院介入血管外科,北京100191;2.贵州安顺市人民医院介入科,贵州安顺 561000) 论著·
[摘要]目的:探讨腹主动脉瘤腔内修复术中保留髂内动脉的重要性。方法:回顾北京大学第三医院连续46例腹
主动脉瘤腔内修复术,分析封闭髂内动脉的并发症及转归情况。结果:46例腔内修复术中有18例保留双侧髂内动脉,
随访16例均未发生并发症。其余28例(60.9%)封闭一侧或双侧髂内动脉,其中封闭双侧7例(15.2%),封闭右侧
14例(30.4%),封闭左侧7例(15.2%);随访26例中,发生臀部疼痛12例(46.2%),排便习惯改变8例(32.0%),勃
起功能障碍3例(12.0%),便血2例(8.0%)。对比封闭双侧和封闭单侧髂内动脉,臀肌疼痛的发生率分别为
50.0%、45.O%,臀肌疼痛平均缓解时间分别为8.3个月、4.7个月,排便习惯改变发生率分别为33.3%、31.6%,勃
起功能障碍发生率分别为33.3%、5.3%。对比封闭左侧和封闭右侧髂内动脉,臀肌疼痛的发生率分别为57.1%、
38.5%,臀肌疼痛平均缓解时间分别为6.0个月、3.7个月,排便习惯改变发生率分别为57.1%、16.7%,便血发生
率分别为28.6%、0。结论:腹主动脉瘤腔内修复术中应尽量保留髂内动脉,尤其是左侧髂内动脉。
[关键词]主动脉瘤,腹;血管成形术;髂动脉;手术后并发症
[中图分类号]R543.16 [文献标志码]A [文章编号]1671—167X(2014)06-0917-03
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671—167X.2014.06.019
Prognosis of embolization of internal iliac artery during the endovascular repair for
abdominal aortic aneurysm
LUAN Jing—yuan ,LI Xuan ,XIANG Yong ,FU Jun 。WANG Chang-ming ,LI Tian—run .HAN Jin—tao
(1.Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery,Peking University Third Hospital,Beijing 100191,Chi—
na;2.Department of Interventional Radiology,Anshun People’s Hospital,Guizhou Anshun 561000,China)
ABSTRACT Objective:To study the importance of the internal iliac artery(IIA)during the endovascu.
1ar aneurysm repair(EVAR)for abdominal aortic aneurysm(AAA).Methods:Forty.six consecutive
cases of AAA treated bv EVAR were retrospectively analyzed.The complications after exclusion of the
IIA were analyzed.Resuits:The bilateral IIAs were reserved in 1 8 cases.in which the follow.up was
achieved in 1 6 cases and no conplicafion was observed.The IIAs were excluded jn 28 f 60.9%)cases.
in which the bilateral。fight and left IIAs were excluded in 7(15.2%),14(3O.4%)and 7(15.2%)
cases respectively.The follow.up was achieved in 26 cases.Buttock claudication was observed in 12
(46.2%)cases,altered bowel habit was observed in 8(32.0%)cases,erectile dysfunction was ob—
served in 3(12.0%)cases,and bloody stool was observed in 2(8.0%)cases.Comparing the bilateral
and unilateral IIA exclusions,the rates of buttock claudication were 50.0%ys.45.O%.altered bowel
habit 33.3%vs.31.6%.and erectile dysfunction 33.3%vs.5.3%respectively.And the average du—
ration of buttock claudication of bilateral IIAs exclusion(8.3 months)was 1onger than that of unilateral
exclusion(4.7 months).Moreover,comparing the left and fight IIA exclusions.the rates of buttock
claudication were 57.1%vs.38.5%.altered bowel habit 57.1%ys.16.7%.and bloody stool 28.6%
vs.0 respectively.And the average duration of buttock claudication of left IIA exclusion(6.0 months)
was 1onger than that of fight exclusion(3.7 months).Conclusion:rI1}le IIAs。especially the left IIA,
should be reserved during the EVAR for AAA.
KEY WORDS Aortic aneurysm,abdominal;Angioplasty;Iliac artery;Postoperative complications
应用腔内修复术(endovascular aneurysm repair,
EVAR)治疗腹主动脉瘤(abdominal aortic aneurysm,
AAA)的效果肯定,围手术期并发症发生率和死亡
率均低于传统开放手术 ,因此,EVAR已成为 AAA的首选治疗方法。当AAA累及髂总或髂内动
脉(internal iliac artery,IIA),或合并髂总或髂内动
脉瘤时,为预防内漏,EVAR术中往往需栓塞或封闭
侧甚至双侧IIA。封闭IIA后,如果侧枝循环不足
A Corresponding author’s e—mail。Xuanli@vip.sina.tom 网络出版时间:2014—11-26 13:50:16网络出版地址:http://www.cnki.net/kcms/detailV11.4691.R.20141126.1350.003.html
北京大学学报( 医学版)
JOURNAL OF PEKING UNIVERSITY(HEALTH SCIENCES) Vo1.46 No.6 Dec.2014
可出现臀部疼痛、男性勃起障碍和直肠缺血等并发
症,严重时甚至可出现直肠坏死_3 J。近年来,越来
越多的学者认识到这一问题L4 j,但目前尚缺乏对
封闭IIA后并发症发生情况的详细分析和报道。本
文回顾北京大学第三医院从2011年1月至2013年
12月接受EVAR治疗的AAA病例,分析EVAR术
中封闭IIA后的并发症发生情况及其转归,为解决
此临床问题提供循症医学依据。
1资料与方法
1.1一般资料
2011年1月至2013年12月北京大学第三医院
共有46例肾下AAA接受EVAR治疗,其中男性42
例,女性4例,年龄47~88岁(中位年龄72岁)。对
于AAA累及髂总动脉且远端锚定区不足或合并IIA
动脉瘤者,在EVAR术中以弹簧圈栓塞相应IIA远
端主干,并以覆膜支架封闭IIA开口。
1.2随访
定期随访,了解并发症的发生情况,包括有无臀
部疼痛、排便习惯改变、便血、勃起功能障碍、会阴蜕
皮、骶尾部皮肤坏死等。对于出现上述症状者,给予 抗血小板、扩血管等药物治疗。
1.3统计方法
收集上述随访结果,应用SPSS 19.0软件,对数
据中平均值进行近似t检验,对率进行Fisher精确
检验。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
2结果
在46例EVAR中有18例(39.1%)保留了双
侧IIA;其余28例(60.9%)封闭了IIA,其中封闭双
侧IIA 7例(15.2%),封闭右侧IIA 14例(30.4%),
封闭左侧IIA 7例(15.2%)。
共有42例获得随访,平均随访14.2个月(2~
32个月)。保留双侧IIA组中有16例获随访,均未
发生臀部疼痛、排便习惯改变、便血、勃起功能障碍、
会阴蜕皮、骶尾部皮肤坏死等并发症。封闭IIA组
中有26例获随访,其中封闭双侧IIA 6例、封闭单侧
IIA 20例(封闭右侧IIA 13例,封闭左侧IIA 7例),
共有12例(46.2%)出现臀部疼痛,8例(32.0%)出
现排便习惯改变,3例(12.0%)出现勃起功能障碍,
2例(8.0%)出现便血,未出现会阴蜕皮或骶尾部皮
肤坏死(表1)。
表1腹主动脉瘤腔内修复术中封闭髂内动脉后的并发症情况
Table 1 Complications of exclusion the internal iliac artery during the endovascular repair for abdominal aortic aneurysm
a,Fisher’S exact test;b,subject to normal distribution and heterogeneity of variance,t =0.703;C,subject to normal distribution and heteroge-
neity of variance,t =一1.231.
在发生臀肌疼痛的12例中,有3例是封闭双侧