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专题1 第9课时 非谓语动词与with复合结构

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第9课时 非谓语动词与with复合结构 1 单项填空 第9课时 非谓语动词与with复合结构 1. Lydia doesn't feel like ______ abroad. Her parents are old. (2011·四川卷) A. study B. studying C. studied D. to study 选B feel like doing“想要/喜欢做某事”，故选B项。句意为：Lydia不想出国留学，她的父母年龄太大了。

2. Simon made a big bamboo box ______ the little sick bird till it could fly. (2011·四川卷) A. keep B. kept C. keeping D. to keep 选D 此处为不定式作目的状语。句意：Simon做了个大竹箱来放那只受伤的小鸟，直到它能飞。

3. ______ an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous. (2011·四川卷) A. Offer B. Offering C. Offered D. To offer 选C offer与逻辑主语Andy之间是被动关系，故用过去分词，作状语。句意：Andy获得了一部新电影里一个重要的角色，所以他有机会成名。

4. More TV programs, according to government officials, will be produced ______ people's concern over food safety. (2011·重庆卷) A. to raise B. raising C. to have raised D. having raised 选A 考查非谓语动词。句意为“为了唤起人们对食品安全的关注，将有更多的电视节目录制。”此处用不定式作目的状语。

非谓语动词 【考点1】非谓语动词的逻辑主语 ______ around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people. (2011·辽宁卷) A. Gather B. To gather C. Gathering D. To be gathering 选C 句子主语是the tourists, gather和tourists存有逻辑上的主谓关系，因此用现在分词作状语。

1. It's ＋ adj. ＋ for / of sb. to do sth.句型中的不定式的逻辑主语为“sb.”。 2. 非谓语动词作状语时，他们的逻辑主语一般就是句子的主语。当非谓语动词的动作由句子主语发出时，非谓语动词用主动形式；当非谓语动词的动作是句子主语所承受的时，用过去分词或不定式、动词的ing形式的被动形式。 3. 代词主格或名词的普通格 ＋ 非谓语动词构成独立主格结构。非谓语动词逻辑主语为代词或名词。

【考点2】独立成分作状语 ______ you the truth, I feel like ______ to bed now. 第9课时 非谓语动词与with复合结构 2 A. Telling; going B. To tell; going C. Telling; to go D. To tell; to go 选B to tell you the truth作独立成分；like是介词，其后跟动名词作宾语。

在英语中，少数的to do 短语，doing短语和done 短语已经当作插入语使用，此时，句子的主语在逻辑上与它们不存在主动或被动关系。 (1)to tell you the truth 说实话 needless to say 不用说 to be honest/ frank 老实说，坦白说 to be more exact 更确切地说 to make things worse 更糟的是 say that…假设…… (2)generally/frankly/roughly speaking 一般说来/坦白说/粗略地说 considering…鉴于/考虑到…… judging by/from…从……来看，依据……来判断 supposing /suppose that…假定…… providing that…假定…… according to…依据…… including…包括…… owing to…由于…… talking/speaking of 谈及…… (3)given…考虑到…… provided that…如果……

【考点3】非谓语动词的时态 Claire had her luggage ______ an hour before her plane left. (2011·陕西卷) A. check B. checking C. to check D. checked 选D Claire在飞机离开之前的一小时让人把行李检查了。have sth. done请某人做某事。

The next thing he saw was smoke ______ from behind the house. (2011·全国新课标卷) A. rose B. rising C. to rise D. risen 选B 句意：他接下来看见的事是房子后面正冒着烟。现在分词rising表动作在进行，和修饰词smoke间有主谓关系。rising from behind the house现在分词短语作后置定语。

动词不定式一般表示在谓语动作之后的事情，要表示发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前的事情，须用不定式的完成式；动词的ing形式一般表示与谓语动词动作同时进行的动作，若要表示发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前的事情，须用动词的ing形式的完成式。

【考点4】非谓语动词的句法功能 1. 作主语、表语： 动名词表示一般性、经常性的动作。不定式表示一次性的动作。动名词、不定式作主语常第9课时 非谓语动词与with复合结构 3 用it作其形式主语，但no use, no good作表语时，真正主语常用动名词。 2. 作宾语： (1)有些动词只跟动名词作宾语 常用的这类动词有： mind, finish, enjoy, excuse, imagine, keep, practice, suggest, miss, consider, prevent, appreciate, advise, avoid, allow, admit, delay, escape, permit, forbid等。 (2)有些动词只跟不定式作宾语 常用的这类动词有： want, wish, hope, expect, agree, decide, learn, pretend, ask, promise, plan, refuse, beg, demand, manage, offer, prepare, claim, struggle等。 (3)remember, forget, regret后接动名词和不定式的区别：后接动名词表示先于谓语动词的动作；后接不定式表示后于谓语动词的动作。 (4)want, need, require和deserve后接动名词和不定式的用法：当它们后面所接的动词与句子的主语是动宾关系时，用动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式。 (5)在try, stop, mean, go on, can't help后，用动名词和不定式所表达的含义不同，要注意： can't help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事；can't help (to) do sth. 不能帮助做某事 3. 作宾语补足语： Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself ______ of his own dreams. (2011·重庆卷) A. reminding B. to remind C. reminded D. remind 选C keep oneself reminded of his own dreams。过去分词 reminded作宾补。

Even the best writers sometimes find themselves ______ for words. (2011·浙江卷) A. lose B. lost C. to lose D. having lost B 可以从lost for words (欲言又止；迷失语言)这一习语来理解。此题易误选C，考生可能会将find sb. to do跟find oneself(to be)done混淆。根据句意可知谓语动词是find“发现”，“即使最好的作家有时也会发现自己……”，作宾补的四个选项围绕lose变化。动词lose的基本含义是“丢失”，引申义是“使……沉溺于”(使动用法容易被考生忽略)，跟逻辑主语themselves的关系是被动。

熟悉并掌握哪些动词或短语如advise, allow, like, wish, want, help等须接不定式作宾语补足语；哪些动词或短语如find, suggest, lead to等可接动词的ing形式作宾语补足语；哪些动词或短语如feel, see, watch, hear, have 等既可接动词的ing形式又可接过去分词作宾语补足语；何时用主动形式作宾语补足语，何时用被动形式或过去分词作宾语补足语，一般由非谓语动词与宾语的关系确定。

4. 作定语： On receiving a phone call from his wife ______ she had a fall, Mr. Gordon immediately rushed home from his office. (2011·江西卷) A. says B. said C. saying D. to say 选C saying作后置定语修饰a phone call from his wife “来自他妻子的一个电话说”。

Tsinghua University, ______ in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.

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高考英语：写作中的高级表达+妙记8+言简意明的非谓语动词和withwithout复合结构

高考英语：写作中的高级表达+妙记8+言简意明的非谓语动词和withwithout复合结构

妙记8 言简意明的非谓语动词和with/without复合结构众所周知，作文中出现过多的简单句会让人觉得单调乏味，句子与句子之间的关系显得松散；而文章中过多地出现复合句又显得累赘，读起来费劲。

而恰当地运用非谓语动词对简单句和复合句进行转换，不仅显得句式多样，句子活泼，而且读起来结构紧凑，言简意明。

一、运用非谓语动词转换简单句写作时，我们可以利用非谓语动词对两个简单句进行转换，使其成为较高级的表达方式。

①I want to improve myself by reading some books.The books were written in the Tang Dynasty.→I want to improve myself by reading some books written in the Tang Dynasty.我想通过读一些书来提高自己，这些书是在唐朝时期写的。

②Mount Tai stands in Shandong Province.It has long been a popular tourist attraction, with many Chinese legendary stories attached to it.→Standing in Shandong Province, Mount Tai has long been a popular tourist attraction, with many Chinese legendary stories attached to it.(2017·北京高考书面表达)泰山位于山东省。

它一直是一个受欢迎的旅游景点，有许多中国传奇故事。

[即时演练]用非谓语动词进行句型转换1．All the people here like the novel. It is written by Tom.→All_the_people_here_like_the_novel_written_by_Tom. (用过去分词作定语)2．The boy came to school late again. This made the teacher very angry.→The_boy's_coming_to_school_late_again_made_the_teacher_very_angry.(用动名词作主语)3．The students were making the most of time. They wanted to finish the homework earlier.→The_students_were_making_the_most_of_time_so_as_to_finish_the_homework_earlier.(用动词不定式作目的状语)二、运用非谓语动词转换复合句用非谓语动词转换复合句比转换简单句要容易一些，因为需转换的一般是从句部分，这时只需要判断用何种非谓语动词，再把握好时态和语态即可。

with的复合结构的三种情况（每种情况写两个例句）

with的复合结构的三种情况（每种情况写两个例句）

with的复合结构的三种情况（每种情况写两个例句）with结构也称为with复合结构,是由with+复合宾语组成,常在句中做状语,表示谓语动作发生的伴随情况、时间、原因、方式等.其构成有下列几种情形：1、with + 名词 (或代词) + 现在分词此时,现在分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的主谓关系.例如:With prices going up so fast,we can't afford luxuries.由于物价上涨很快,我们买不起高档商品.（原因状语）With the crowds cheering,they drove to the palace.在人群的欢呼声中,他们驱车来到皇宫.（伴随情况）2、with + 名词 (或代词) + 过去分词此时,过去分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的动宾关系.例如:I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes fixed on the ceiling.我在房间坐了一会儿,眼睛盯着天花板.（伴随情况）She had to walk home with her bike stolen.自行车被偷,她只好步行回家.（原因状语）3、with + 名词 (或代词) + 形容词I like to sleep with the windows open.我喜欢把窗户开着睡觉.（伴随情况）With the weather so close and stuffy,ten to one it'll rain presently.大气这样闷,十之八九要下雨.（原因状语）4、with + 名词 (或代词) + 介词短语With the children at school,we can't take our vacation when we want to.由于孩子们在上学,所以当我们想度假时而不能去度假.（原因状语）The soldier had him stand with his back to his father.士兵让他背朝着他的父亲站在那儿.（行为方式）5、with + 名词 (或代词) + 副词He fell asleep with the light on.他睡着了,灯还亮着.（伴随情况）The boy stood there with his head down.这个男孩低头站在那儿.（伴随情况）6 、with + 名词 (或代词) + 动词不定式此时,不定式表示将发生的动作.例如:With no one to talk to,John felt miserable.由于没人可以说话的人,约翰感到很悲哀.（原因状语）With a lot of work to do,he wasn't allowed to go out.因为还有很多工作要做,他没有被允许外出.（原因状语）。

超实用高考英语专题复习： 高考英语一轮复习——With的复合结构微课课件

超实用高考英语专题复习： 高考英语一轮复习——With的复合结构微课课件

介词+宾语
The girl stood there silently, with tears in her eyes. 介词+宾语+宾语补足语
with的复合结构
即“with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”。
宾语可以由代词或名词充当； 宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词、副词、介
词短语、现在分词、过去分词、动动会
C 表示时间
The children began to watch TV with the homework done. 孩子们完成作业以后开始看电视。
The meeting was over with the problem settled. 问题解决以后，会议结束了。
窗户大开，屋内很冷。
表示状态
3 with+宾语+副词
例： The square looks more beautiful with all the lights on.
所有的灯都亮时，广场显得更加美丽。
表示状态
4 with+宾语+介词短语
例： The teacher came in with a book in her hand.
A 修饰名词
A 修饰名词
The room with lights on is our classroom 开着灯的那个教室是我们的。
with复合结构作状语
A 表示伴随状况
E 表示结果
B 表示原因
C 表示时间
D 表示条件
A 表示伴随状况
She left the office with tears in her eyes. 她眼里含着泪，离开了办公室。
3、把过去老出现错误的归纳一下，看哪类题自己容易错，重 点对付该类题。需要注意的是读文章应力求题材多样化，科普、 社会、文化、政治、经济等，但如果生词太多，影响理解或过于 难懂的文章，则不应花更多的时间。
高中英语语法之With 的复合结构

高中英语语法之With 的复合结构

高中英语语法之With 的复合结构结构：with +名词./代词.+形容词/形容词短语/副词/介词短语/不定式/现在分词/过去分词.(1).with +名词./代词.+形容词/形容词短语With her father asleep , the daughter walked quietly out of the bedroom . 父亲睡着了,女儿悄悄地走出了卧室.It is considered to be bad manners to speak to others with your mouth full of food .满嘴食物和别人说话被认为是不礼貌的.(2).with +名词/代词+副词I’m used to working with the radio on .我习惯开着收音机工作.I stood there with my dog behind . 我站在那儿,我的狗在我后面.(3).with +名词/代词+介词短语With some beautiful flowers in her hands , she ran to the hero .她手捧鲜花向英跑去.They sat under the tree with their back to the wall .他们背对着墙坐在树下(4). with +名词/代词+不定式With the computer to do all the work , he had more free time .有计算机做所有的工作,他的空闲时间更多了.He was left alone , with no one to look after him .他被单独留下,无人照顾.(5). with +名词/代词+现在分词The teacher came in with some of his students following him . 老师走了近来,后面跟着几个他的学生.With the boy leading him the way , the old man had no trouble finding his o ld friend’s house .由于有小男孩给他引路,这位老人毫不费力地找到了他老朋友的家.(6). with +名词/代词+过去分词He had to walk to the school with his bike broken . 自行车坏了,他不得不步行上学.With her taken care of , we could go on with our work . 有人照顾她,我们可以继续工作了.2.句法功能:常在句中作状语(表伴随,原因,时间等)和后置定语.(1).在句中作状语The streets are more beautiful with all the lights on . 华灯齐放,大街更漂亮了. With time going on , Einstein’s theory proved to be correct . 随着岁月的流逝, 爱因斯坦的理论证明是正确的.(2).在句中作后置定语Any man with eyes in his head can see that he’s exactly like a rope .任何一个长眼睛的人都看到他正像一根绳子.The girl reached a river bank with so many flowers on both banks .小女孩来到一条两岸开满鲜花的河边.3.宾语补足语形式的选择:依据它和宾语之间的逻辑关系选择宾语补足语的形式.若为主表关系,选择形容词,副词和介词短语;若为主谓关系,选择现在分词(表示正在进行的动作);若为动宾关系,选择过去分词;选择不定式则表示将来的动作. (1).主表关系I once lived in a house with many trees and flowers around it .我曾住在一间鲜花和绿树环绕的房子里.The boy pulled on his shirt , with the wrong side out . 小男孩反穿着衬衫. He likes to sleep with the window open . 他喜欢开着窗户睡觉.(2).主谓关系The boy lay on the grass , with his eyes looking at the sky . 小男孩躺在草地上,两眼望着天空.With night coming on , we started for home . 夜幕来临,我们动身回家了. (3).动宾关系With nothing taken home , the girl was afraid to see her stepfather . 没有东西可带回家,小女孩不敢见继续父With so much work to do , we had to sit up throughout the night . 由于有许多工作要做,我们不得熬了个通宵.4.作状语时,with 的复合结构可以和独立主格互换The maths teacher walked into the classroom with a book in his hand .= The maths teacher walked into the classroom , book in hand . 数学老师手里拿着一本书走进教室.With the meeting over , they all left the hall in a great hurry . = The meetin g (being ) over , they all left the hall in a great hurry ..会议结束了,他们匆忙离开会议室.实战演练高考链接(用所给词的适当形式填空)1. News reports say peace talks between the two countries have broken down with no agreement _________ (reach).(2007NMET)2. _______ (介词) production up by 60%, the company has had another excell ent year.(NMET2000)3.The murderer was brought in, with his his hands _______(tie) behind his ba ck.(NMET2005)4. He lied on the chair , with a newspaper ________ (cover) his face. (NMET 2003)5. The sick old man was left alone under the tree, with his body ________ ( cover ) by a bag. (NMET1998)6.With nothing _______ (eat), the three children had to go hungry.7. With the fire ______, we saw nothing around us.用with翻译句子．1.He was taken to hospital, ____________________ ( 腿在流血bleed). 2．The fellow stood there, _____________________ (双手交叉cross在背后) 3．Don’t talk _________________(嘴里满满的)4. I told her the bad news, ______________ (心跳动beat地厉害).5. ______________ (嘴里含着一根勺子fork), the little girl cried.6._________________(电视机还开着), the old man fell asleep.答案：1.reached 2.With 3.tied 4.covering 5.covered 6. to eat 7.out1.with his leg bleeding2. with his hands crossed behind her back3. with your mouth full4.with her heart beating fast5. With a fork in her mouth6. With the TV on。