Unit One Speaking

教案授课单元21世纪大学实用英语综合教程第二册Unit 1本（章）节授课方式课堂讲授（√）实践课（）教学时数6本（章）节教学目标After studying this unit, the students are expected to1.master the basic language and skills necessary to ask for and giveclarification;2.understand the main ideas of Text A, Text B and Text C, and master theuseful sentence structures and words and expressions found in the exercises relevant to the first two texts;3.know how to write a letter of invitation;4.know how to use V+V-ing;5.guess the meaning of unknown words in context.授课要点教学重点和难点Teaching focus:1. Master the basic language and skills necessary to make requests2. Explain some language points to the Ss.3. Explain some grammar points to the Ss.Teaching difficulties:1. How to improve Ss’ speaking ability.2. How to improve Ss’ listening ability.思考题或作业1.Review the key expressions from the previous lesson.2.Read Text B of this unit, and deepen the understanding of the theme in this unit. -Share reflections on this theme in class.3.Review the new words and phrases of this text. Try to use them in daily life.4.Finish the reading and listening tasks of this unit.教学内容与组织安排1st period Text A (Global Reading)2nd period Text A (Detailed Reading)3rd period Grammar Review4 th period Practical Writing5th period Text B6th period Improve Your Reading Skills1st period Text A (Global Reading)1 Background InformationEnglish LanguageThe English language is the most widely spoken language in the world. It is used as either a primary or secondary language in many countries.During the 1500s, fewer than 2 million people spoke English. All of them lived in what is now Great Britain. Through the centuries, as the result of various historical events, English spread throughout the world. Today, about 400 million people speak English as their native language. Most of them live in Australia, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, New Zealand, South Africa, and the United States.Another 100 million people living chiefly in Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and in many African countries speak English in addition to their own language. An additional 200 million people probably know at least some English. (From the 1998 World Book Multimedia Encyclopedia)Characteristics of EnglishVocabulary. English has a larger vocabulary than any other language. There are more than 600,000 words in the largest dictionaries of the English language.Some English words have been passed on from generation to generation as far back as scholars can trace. These words, such as woman, man, sun, hand, love, go, and eat, express basic ideas and feelings. Later, many words were borrowed from other languages, including Arabic, French, German, Greek, Italian, Latin, Russian, and Spanish. For example, algebra is from Arabic, fashion from French, piano from Italian, and canyon from Spanish.A number of words, such as doghouse and splashdown, were formed by combining other words. New words were also created by blending words. For example, motor and hotel were blended into motel. Words can be shortened to form new words, as was done with history to form story. Words called acronyms are formed by using the first letter or letters of several words. The word radar is an acronym for radio detection and ranging.Pronunciation and spelling in English sometimes seem illogical or inconsistent. Many words are spelled similarly though pronounced differently. Examples include cough, though, and through. Other words, such as blue, crew, to, too, and shoe, have similar pronunciations but are spelled differently. Many of these variations show changes that occurred during the development of English. The spelling of some words remained the same through the centuries, though their pronunciation changed.Grammar is the set of principles used to create sentences. These principles define the elements used to assemble sentences and the relationships between the elements. The elements include parts of speech and inflections.Parts of speech are the word categories of the English language. Scholars do not all agree on how to describe the parts of speech. The traditional description listseight classes: nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections. The most important relationships of the parts of speech include subject and verb, verb and predicate, and modifier and the word modified.English has fewer inflections than most other European languages. An English noun has only two inflections, the plural and the possessive. Inflections are used to change the tense and number of a verb or the case of a pronoun. Inflections can change adjectives to the comparative or the superlative — for example, big, bigger, biggest.American EnglishAmerican English is a variety of the English language spoken in the United States. Although all Americans do not speak the same way, their speech has enough in common that American English can be recognized as a variety of English distinct from British English, Australian English, and other national varieties. American English has grown up with the country. It began to diverge from British English during its colonial beginnings and acquired regional differences and ethnic flavor during the settlement of the continent.Today it influences other languages and other varieties of English because it is the medium by which the attractions of American culture — its literature, motion pictures, and television programs — are transmitted to the world.Characteristics of American EnglishA. PronunciationIn broad terms, Canadian and American speakers tend to sound like one another. They also tend to sound different from a large group of English speakers who sound more British, such as those in Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. For example, most Canadians and Americans pronounce an r sound after the vowel in words like barn, car,and farther, while speakers from the British English group do not. Also, some British English speakers drop h sounds at the beginning of words, so that he and his are pronounced as if they were spelled ee and is. The English spoken in Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa sounds more like British English than American English does because these varieties have had less time to diverge from British English. The process of separate development began later in these countries than in North America.In some cases there are differences between American English and British English in the rhythm of words. British speakers seem to leave out a syllable in words like secretary, as if it were spelled secretry, while Americans keep all the syllables. The opposite is true of other words, such as specialty, which Americans pronounce with three syllables (spe-cial-ty) while British speakers pronounce it with five syllables (spe-ci-al-i-ty). Vowels and consonants may also have different pronunciations. British speakers pronounce zebra to rhyme with Debra, while American speakers make zebra rhyme with Libra. Canadian and British speakers pronounce the word schedule as if it began with an sh sound, while Americans pronounce it as if it began with an sk sound.B. WordsThe most frequently used words are shared by speakers of different varieties of English. These words include the most common nouns, the most common verbs, and most function words (such as pronouns, articles, and prepositions). The different varieties of English do, however, use different words for many words that are slightly less common — for example, British crisps for American potato chips, Australian billabong for American pond, and Canadian chesterfield for American sofa. It is even more common for the same word to exist with different meanings in different varieties of English.Corn is a general term in Britain, for which Americans use grain, while corn in American English is a specific kind of grain. The word pond in British English usually refers to an artificial body of water, whereas ponds also occur naturally in North America. British English chemist is the same as American English drugstore, and in Canada people go to the druggist. Many of the words most easily recognized as American in origin are associated with aspects of American popular culture, such as gangster or cowboy.C. SpellingAmerican English spelling differs from British English spelling largely because of one man, American lexicographer Noah Webster. In addition to his well-known An American Dictionary of the English Language (1828), Webster published The American Spelling Book (1783, with many subsequent editions), which became one of the most widely used schoolbooks in American history. Webster’s books sought to standardize spelling in the United States by promoting the use of an American language that intentionally differed from British English. The development of a specifically American variety of English mirrored the newcountry’s separate political development. Webster’s most successful changes were spellings with or instead of our (honor, labor for the British honour, labour); with er instead of re (center, theater for the British centre, theatre); with an s instead of a c (defense, license for the British defence, licence); with a final ck instead of que (check, mask for the British cheque, masque); and without a final k (traffic, public, now also used in British English, for the older traffick, publick). Later spelling reform created a few other differences, such as program for British programme. Canadian spelling varies between the British and American forms, more British in eastern Canada and more American in western Canada.2. Group DiscussionHave you ever had an experience in which you are misunderstood or have failed to understand others? Misunderstandings can result from the spoken form or written form of the language that you use.2nd period Text A (Detailed Reading)Words and Expressions & Difficult Sentences1) misunderstanding: n. (an example of) wrong understanding 误解，误会e.g. Her poor French often leads to misunderstandings when she visits France. misunderstand: vt. understand wrongly 误解e.g. I’m sorry, I misunderstood you.It seems that you have misunderstood what I said at the meeting.2) get on: board (a bus, a train, etc.)登上（公共汽车、火车等）e.g. When I got on the bus, I found all the seats were occupied.They felt worried when they realized that they had got on the wrong train.3) head for: go towards 向…走去；朝…行进e.g. The ship was heading for Britain.He headed for the bus stop.4) … he could ride to New York without paying.介词without 解释为“不、未”，其后跟动词时，须用V-ing形式。

While-listening
Listen and write the order of the conversations next to the names of the
festivals.
Chinese Lantern Festival
3
a tour guide and members of a tour group
Chinese Lantern Festival
[ˈlæntən] n. 灯笼；提灯 Date: on the 15th of the first month of
the lunar calendar
Country: China
Pre-listening In which country do you think people usually celebrate the festival? How do people celebrate the festivals?
What do people do in festivals? 3. 这些节日的意义是什么？
What is the meaning of these festivals？
Pre-listening In which country do you think people usually celebrate the festival? How do people celebrate the festivals?
/kənˌgrætʃʊ'leɪʃn/ n.祝贺,恭喜
Pre-listening Vocabulary
riddle
/'ridl/
n.谜语,神秘事件
Pre-listening Vocabulary

Charlotte (8)___________________ . Don’t forget your keys if you go out.
Richard OghuyygesalhatN,eeircr.,ewteoll mit eweats ynoicue to meet you both, and I’ll see you
me eFeitn. eC,htahrlaonttkes!
Charlotte Coming!
Andy
(4)________________ Charlotte?
c Have you met
第九页，共38页。
Activity 2
Conversation 1
Look and decide where the expressions go
or (b) it’s a good idea for you to meet someone else? b
5. Care to join us? Does this mean (a) please come with us, or (b) see you later?
a
第十一页，共38页。
Conversation 2
Hi! Good to see you again. Hey! I missed you. How do you do?
Picture 1: How are you? / Hello! / Hi!
Picture 2: Pleased to meet you. / How do you do?
Picture 3: Hello! / Pleased to meet you. / How are you? Picture 4: Hi! / Hey!/ I missed you.

新编大学英语（第三版）视听说第二册答案+原文Unit One LovePart 1 Listening, Understanding and SpeakingListening IExercise 1 1)gaze 2)sighs 3)touch 4)hugs 5)such 6)words 7)praises 8)understands 9)lends 10)holdsScripts:A Mother's LoveYou can see it in her eyes—in her gaze and in her sighs.It is a mother's love.You can feel it in her touch—in her tender hugs and such.It is a mother's love.You can hear it in her words—in her praises and bywords.It is a mother's love.She cares. She understands.She lends an ear and holds our hands.She gives us a mother's love.Listening IIExercise 1 1)B 2)B 3)A 4)D 5)CExercise 2a lot of garbage; came up all over the city; raw sewage and it smelled; became suburban sprawl with very little planning; the NRDC; Board of Trustees; New England; join the cause of protecting the environmentScripts:For more than four decades, John Adams has fought to defend the environment and empowered individuals in the U.S. and around the world to join the cause. Adams is cofounder of the National Resources Defense Council, the NRDC, the nation’s first law firm for the environment.“Defending the environment,” John Adams says, “is personal.”“When you care about something, like the environment, it does become a passion,” he says. “It becomes your life. I grew up on a small-town farm in the Catskill Mountains of New York. It was a wonderful place to grow up. I loved it.”But by the 1960s, he didn’t love what he saw happening to the environment.“We were a major industrial force with no pollution controls. So if you were in Pittsburgh or New York or the factory areas of New Jersey or California, you would be hit with air pollution that had virtually no pollution controls,” says Adams. “In New York, we burned a lot of our garbage right in the buildings. Fly ash would come up and it was really all over the city. The Hudson River was filled with raw sewage and it smelled because there were no requirements for sewage control.”He also worried about the disappearing farmland around the big cities which became suburban sprawl with very little planning.Adams turned his love for nature into action, leaving his job with the U.S. Attorney’s Office in New York in 1970 to help establish the Natural Resources Defense Council. The 33-year-old lawyer became its first director.In their new book, A Force for Nature, John Adams and his wife, Patricia, also an environmental activist, chronicle the evolution of the NRDC from a homegrown advocacy group to a 1.3-million-member organization with international reach.Adams led the NRDC for 36 years, and remains on its Board of Trustees. Today, he is chairman of the Open Space Institute, working to purchase scenic and natural land in New England to protect it from development.Exercise 1 DExercise 2 1)unsuccessful marriages 2)failed relationships 3)dreamed of 4)words; action 5)men; naturalScripts:I grew up in a family with six sisters. In my lifetime I have seen all of them abused by various men in their lives. Even my mother has the scars from two unsuccessful marriages.When I was a teenager, my mother shared some insights into all of their failed relationships. She explained that they really weren't expecting to be treated as queens, but they did desire two things from the men in their lives: to be told frequently that they are loved and to be shown often that they are special. It was at that point that I decided I would be the sort of husband my mom and sisters had dreamed of but never had.When I was dating my wife-to-be I remembered those two points my mother shared with me years earlier. I admit that I struggled trying to be able to express my love in words and in action. For most men, it isn't natural for us to be romantics. But then again, it isn't natural for us to be millionaires or sports superstars. It does take effort, practice and diligence. But the rewards are there.Now we've been married for nine years. I really, truly, deeply love my wife and let her know it every day by what I say and what I do. Our friends and family members all admire us and want to know our secret.Exercise 1 BExercise 21)the challenge of dating 2)security and survival 3)a good breadwinner 4)a nurturing woman 5)practice 6)supportive of 7)emotional and spiritual needs 8)a soul mate 9)no longer enough 10)increased closenessScripts:In past generations, the challenge of dating was different. Men and women wanted a partner who could fulfill their basic needs for security and survival. Women looked for a strong man who would be a good bread-winner; men searched for a nurturing woman to make a home. This practice that worked for thousands of years has suddenly changed.The new challenge of dating is to find a partner who not only will be supportive of our physical needs for survival and security but will support our emotional and spiritual needs. Today we want more from our relationships. Millions of men and women around the world are searching for a soul mate to experience lasting love, happiness, and romance.It is no longer enough to just find someone who is willing to marry us, and we want partners who will love us more as they get to know us: We want to live happily ever after. To find and recognize partners who can fulfill our new needs for increased closeness, good communication, and a great love life, we need to update our dating skills.Part 2 Viewing, Understanding and SpeakingExercise 1 1)A 2)A 3)D 4)C 5)C 6)C 7)B 8)DExercise 2 1)football; basketball; baseball 2)steady boyfriend 3)guess; realized 4)broke up5)in a group 6)save up 7)here comes 8)happened to 9)not; at all 10)except forPart 3 Video Appreciation and Singing for FunExercise 11)happened 2)talking 3)girls 4)next 5)date 6)romance 7)a thousand 8)end 9)went out 10)point Exercise 21)She feels it inappropriate and awkward to meet her boyfriend’s family when she looks so dirty and clumsy.2)Very surprised. At first she cannot believe he lives here.3)His father owned a brake shop.4)His father actually owns hundreds of brake shops.5)She comes back early.Part 4 Further ListeningListening I 1)T 2)F 3)T 4)T 5)F 6)T 7)T 8)FScripts:My son's primary school celebrates Valentine's Day in a wonderful way. Each day throughout the month of February, the school honors each student in informal ceremonies. At the ceremony, classmates, teachers and parents get together to deliver compliments to thatparticular child. They believe that a child's emotional and social skills should be developed alongside their intellectual skills. Learning to acknowledge qualities and strengths in others—and receiving that acknowledgment gracefully—is a very important learning lesson.I know I compliment my son frequently, and certainly try to make sure he knows he is loved. But I realize that I have never actually pointed out, one by one, specific qualities that make him unique and so special to me. And how infrequently we really point out what is special in others. Sure, we say “I love you” or “thanks” regularly, but when do we take the opportunity to really and truly examine what makes a person special? What is unique and different about them? This year, the time was scheduled for my son to receive more than 40 compliments from his peers, teachers, parents, and himself. Each child had their day at the center of the circle, their friends coming up one by one to give a gift of powerful words. This year, my son heard that his thoughtfulness was appreciated, his ideas important, his expressions inspiring. He was also expected to write and deliver a compliment to each of his classmates.Listening II1)learning 2)admire 3)vocabulary 4)loving 5)relationships 6)connections 7)experiences 8)remembering 9)proud 10)try 11)body 12)expressions 13)willingness 14)fears 15)pace 16)best 17)jokes 18)fondness 19)laugh 20)withScripts:In the end, I had to ask my husband to read my Valentine compliment to our son. I was simply crying too hard to get the words out. Witnessing the tenderness of school-age children sayingwhat they thought was special about my little boy proved too much for me. But I was not alone. When I warned my son I might get emotional, he said, “That's OK. Lots of parents cry.” He was right.This is what my husband read to our son on my behalf:Dear Cole:Your love of language and information has always amazed me. I love learning from you and with you. I admire how new words are so easily incorporated into your vocabulary. I think you are fresh and eager and loving.I admire that relationships are important to you. I like to listen to the connections you make with past experiences. I think you are good at remembering.I love how you are proud of yourself when you try something new. I feel proud, too.I like how your whole body tells a story, and your expressions make me feel good. I am proud of your willingness to express your fears and appreciate the reminder that you will grow at the pace that suits you best. I love your jokes and your fondness for telling them over and over—so I will laugh. I think you are fun to be with.I love that you are my son.I am really grateful to this school for creating a learning environment. These exercises benefit the parents as well as the kids. That, to me, is a Valentine worth giving.Listening III1)C 2)B 3)A 4)B 5)D 6)B 7)CScripts:Hisham and I will have been married for twenty years this February. Everybody said it would not work. He is Jordanian, Muslim, and I am Italian, Catholic. We met in Florida twenty-two years ago. What we had in common was nothing except youth. He could barely speak the English language, and I thought Arabs were from India. Within a year I found out where Jordan was exactly and he could say “I love you” in broken English.When we got married people actually placed bets at our small wedding in my family's dining room. They thought our relationship would not last a year. Hisham did not tell his parents he was married for almost five years. He felt that if he failed at school his family would blame the marriage. Of course everybody, from Arabs to Americans, thought he married me to get a green card. I knew he didn't.I lived in his country for six years after graduation and had a son there. Through Hisham's eyes I saw the beauty of his culture and religion and the simple ways of his people. Being from New York and living in Amman, Jordan, I still had my Christmas tree each year, my Easter eggs and even a Halloween pumpkin in the window. I also took some of their ways—cooking, methods of mothering, socializing—and it enhanced my own character in the long run. Throughout the years, I was not the Italian girl from New York, not the American married to the Arab; I was a beautiful blended person with two children and a man who loves me.Listening IV1)kind 2)gold 3)heartless 4)love 5)songs 6)says 7)touch 8)lifetime 9)gone 10)happens 11)feelings 12)speedScripts:Traditionally the heart is the part of the body where emotions come from. If you are a warm-hearted person, for example, you are kind and thoughtful towards others. If you have a heart of gold, you are a very generous person. But if you are heartless, you are cruel and unfeeling.Of all the emotions, it is love that is the most associated with the heart. In love songs, all over the world, love almost always goes together with the heart. As the song from Titanic says, “You are here in my heart and my heart will go on and on. Love can touch us one time and last for a lifetime, and never let go till we're gone.”Perhaps the role of the heart in love comes from what happens to it when you feel really attracted to someone. The strong feelings of attraction make your breathing speed up and your heart beat faster.。