英语三级考试高频考点汇总
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三级语法考点归纳一.虚拟语气1. if 句中虚拟形式if 引导的非真实条件句(纯粹假设或发生的可能性不大):条件从句主句与现在相反did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do与将来相反did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do与过去相反had done would/ should/ might/ could have done例句If we left (leave) now, we should arrive in time.If they hadn’t gone on vacation, their house wouldn’t have been broken (break) into.2. 原形虚拟:a. 表命令、决定、要求、建议等词语之后的that-分句中,用动词原形。
suggest, demand, advise, pr opose, order, arrange, insist, command, require, request, desire …… that +(should) do例如He suggested that we should leave early.My suggestion is that we should tell him.b. It is (was) 形容词/名词that …… (should) do/例如It is absolutely essential that all the facts be examined first.3. 一些句型中的虚拟形式:1. It’s (high, about, the first, etc.) time (that) …动词过去时…例如It’s time we left.例如It is time we went to bed.2 would rather/sooner 宁愿as if/ though 好像would rather/sooner 谓语用过去时与现在或者将来相反as if/ though 谓语用过去完成时与过去相反4.练习1. I _______ try it again if I_______you.A. will;amB. should;amC. would;wereD. would;had been2. If it _______ not for the water,the plants _______live.A. were;would notB. is;could notC. were;couldD. did;could not3. If I _______ that chance to show my ability, I _______the president of this school.A. have not had;could not becomeB. had not had;would not have becomeC. did not have;could not becomeD. doesn’t have;will not become4. He _______ by that burglar if you _______ to save him.A. might have been killed;hadn’t comeB. will be killed;didn’t comeC. may be killed;did’t comeD. could be killed;haven’t come5. If it _______for your help,I _______that hard time with so little money.A. were not;would not spendB. is not;can not spendC. had not been;would not have spentD. have not been;will not spend6. Where _______ you go if war _______?A. will;breaks outB. do;will break outC. would;were to break outD. will;is to break out7. She wishes she _______ that humiliating thing.A. doesn’t doB. didn’t doC. haven’t doneD. hadn’t done8. The chairman suggested that the meeting _______ put off.A. can beB. beC. isD. will be9. It is vital that he _______ immediately.A. should goB. must goC. goesD. went10. It is time we _______do our homework.A. begin toB. can begin toC. began toD. will begin to答案:1.选C。
大学英语3考试知识点总结大学英语3是大学英语课程的一部分,是一门重要的课程。
在大学英语3考试中,通常包括听力、阅读、写作和口语等方面的考核。
要在考试中取得好成绩,就需要对大学英语3的相关知识点进行系统地总结和复习。
下面将对大学英语3的各个知识点进行详细总结:听力部分在大学英语3的听力考试中,通常考查考生的听力理解能力。
考生需要听懂各种口音和语速的英语,理解并抓住主要信息和细节信息。
因此,考生需要掌握一定的听力技巧,如预测题目内容、注意关键词、利用上下文推测意思等。
在进行听力复习时,考生可以选择一些与大学英语3听力内容相近的英语电影、英语新闻等进行听力练习,提升自己的听力水平。
在练习时,务必注意听力材料的多样性,包括不同口音、语速、语调、背景噪音等,以帮助自己适应多样化的听力考试内容。
阅读部分在大学英语3的阅读考试中,考生需要阅读一些英语文章或故事,理解并回答相关问题。
阅读题目可能包括多项选择、配对、填空等形式。
因此,考生需要培养自己的阅读理解能力。
在进行阅读复习时,考生可以选择一些英语原版书籍、报纸、杂志等进行阅读练习。
同时,要注重积累一些英语词汇和表达方式,以提高自己的阅读速度和理解能力。
还可以通过做一些阅读模拟题,提升自己的应试能力。
写作部分在大学英语3的写作考试中,考生需要根据所给的题目,写一篇短文或文章。
写作内容通常涉及日常生活、社会热点、文化交流等方面。
因此,考生需要具备一定的语言表达能力和逻辑思维能力。
在进行写作复习时,考生可以选择一些与写作题目相关的话题进行练习,培养自己的写作习惯和创作能力。
同时,要注重积累一些常用的句型、短语和表达方式,以提高自己的语言表达能力。
还可以通过做一些写作练习题,提升自己的写作水平。
口语部分在大学英语3的口语考试中,考生需要进行口头表达,回答问题、描述图片或文章等。
口语考试通常要求考生具备一定的口语表达能力和语音语调准确。
因此,考生需要进行口语练习,提升自己的口语表达能力。
三级语法考点归纳一.虚拟语气1. if 句中虚拟形式if 引导的非真实条件句(纯粹假设或发生的可能性不大):条件从句主句与现在相反did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do与将来相反did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do与过去相反had done would/ should/ might/ could have done例句If we left (leave) now, we should arrive in time.If they hadn’t gone on vacation, their house wouldn’t have been broken (break) into.2. 原形虚拟:a. 表命令、决定、要求、建议等词语之后的that-分句中,用动词原形。
suggest, demand, advise, propose, order, arrange, insist, command, require, request, desire …… that +(should) do例如He suggested that we should leave early.My suggestion is that we should tell him.b. It is (was) 形容词/名词that …… (should) do/例如It is absolutely essential that all the facts be examined first.3. 一些句型中的虚拟形式:1. It’s (high, about, the first, etc.) time (that) …动词过去时…例如It’s time we left.例如It is time we went to bed.2 would rather/sooner 宁愿as if/ though 好像would rather/sooner 谓语用过去时与现在或者将来相反as if/ though 谓语用过去完成时与过去相反4.练习1. I _______ try it again if I_______you.A. will;amB. should;amC. would;wereD. would;had been2. If it _______ not for the water,the plants _______live.A. were;would notB. is;could notC. were;couldD. did;could not3. If I _______ that chance to show my ability, I _______the president of this school.A. have not had;could not becomeB. had not had;would not have becomeC. did not have;could not becomeD. doesn’t have;will not become4. He _______ by that burglar if you _______ to save him.A. might have been killed;hadn’t comeB. will be killed;didn’t comeC. may be killed;did’t comeD. could be killed;haven’t come5. If it _______for your help,I _______that hard time with so little money.A. were not;would not spendB. is not;can not spendC. had not been;would not have spentD. have not been;will not spend6. Where _______ you go if war _______?A. will;breaks outB. do;will break outC. would;were to break outD. will;is to break out7. She wishes she _______ that humiliating thing.A. doesn’t doB. didn’t doC. haven’t doneD. hadn’t done8. The chairman suggested that the meeting _______ put off.A. can beB. beC. isD. will be9. It is vital that he _______ immediately.A. should goB. must goC. goesD. went10. It is time we _______do our homework.A. begin toB. can begin toC. began toD. will begin to答案:1.选C。
公共英语等级考试三级(PETS3)学习笔记Unit 1 Greeting and introductionDialogues /monologues:1、You can tell they lived during the Depression.这里的"tell"是断定的意思,咳……常常把它的意思与(告知、告诉)联系在一起,脑子便转不过弯来。
此句意思应该是:你可以断定他们生活在那时的大萧条期。
2、He really knows how to bring a person out."bring a person out."是“鼓励一个人的”的意思。
整句话的意思是:他非常善于鼓励别人/使别人振作起来。
PS:to bring sb. out意思为:to make someone feel more confident, happy, and friendly /使某人更加自信、开朗3、he looks like his fun to be with.整句话的意思是:他看起来是个很有意思的人。
或,和他在一起应该会很有意思。
句子解析4、since we're going to recruit some staff so that we can get our new school going in time。
这里的since, 和so that 是基于...原因的意思.根据意思我将其译成: 届时...将...以便...整句话的意思是:届时我们将聘请一些工作人员以便使我们的新学校及时开学.5、Would you address character description for the commercial and industrial arts staff?arts staff 怎么翻译?==>你能够给商业与工艺美术的职员讲讲特征描述吗?arts跟前面的commercial and industrial连在一起看,而非与后面的staff:(the commercial and industrial arts) staff.6、There are a number of other positions to consider."A number of" 换成"a lot of" 或者是“a great many”行不行,为什么?==>可以换成a lot of或a great many of,因为position是可数名词。
1.in return for 作为….的回报2.as a rule 通常、惯例3.for the sake of 为了4.on sale 有售5.on a large scale 大规模地6.in the long run 长期地7.on schedule 按预定时间8.in secret 秘密地9.in sequence 依次地10. in shape 处于良好状态11. at the mercy of 在…..的支配下12. the moment 一…..就13. in nature 本质上14. on occasions 不时地15. in person 亲自地16. in place of 代替、取代17. at present 目前18. for the present 目前、暂时19. in public 公开地20. for the purpose of 为了21. at first sight 乍一看22. in sight 可看到的23. out of sight 看不到的24. in terms of 根据25. on second thoughts 又一想、转念一想26. at a time /at one time 一次/曾经27. for the time being 暂时28. from time to time 常常地29. in time 及时地30. on time 准时地31. in honor of 为了、以…..的名义32. in a hurry 匆忙地33. at intervals 间歇性地34. at length 详细地35. on purpose 故意地36. beyond question 毫无疑问确定无疑37. at any rate 无论如何38. at the rate of 以…..的速度39. by reason of 由于40. as regards 关于、至于41. with regards to 关于42. in relation to 有关、关于43. as a result of 作为….的结果44. on the top of 在…..之上45. in truth 实际上46. by turns 轮流地47. in turn 反过来48. by the way 顺便提一下49. in a way 在某种程度上50. word for word 逐字逐句地51. at work 在工作、忙于倒装句词汇:neither = nor = no more , little , seldom , hardly , scarcely , rarely , never , not ,no , in no case , in no way , not only…but also … , notuntil …… ,hardly(scarcely)…when… ,no sooner …than… ;主谓一致词汇:as much as , as well as , rather than , more than , no less than , in addition to , with ,along with , together with , except , all of , some of , none of , half of , most of , lots of , plenty of ;。
最全公共英语等级考试三级大纲词结最全公共英语等级考试三级大纲词汇总结colda.冷的;寒冷的collaboratev.协作,合作collapsev.& n.倒坍,崩溃;垮台collarn.衣领 v.抓住;握住colleaguen.同事,同僚collectv.收集collectionn.收集物;收藏collectiven.集体 a.集体的;共同的collegen.学院collisionn.碰撞,冲突coloniala.殖民(地) 的 n.殖民地居民colonyn.殖民地;侨民群体colourn.颜色columnn.圆柱,柱;列;(报刊中的) 专栏combn.梳子 v.梳理combatv.& n.战斗,反对,格斗combinationn.结合,联合,合并;化合(物)combinev.(with)(使) 结合,联合;(使) 化合comev.来comedyn.喜剧;喜剧性事件comfortn.安慰;舒适 v.使舒适;安慰comfortablea.舒适的,舒服的commandn.命令,指令;统帅,指挥(权) v.命令;指挥commendv.表扬,称赞;推荐;委托commentn.注释;,评论,意见 v.(on) 注释;评论commercen.商业,贸易commerciala.商业的,贸易的 n.(广播或电视上推销商品的)商业广告节目commissionn.委员会;委任,委托(书),代办;佣金,手续费commitv. 把…交托给;犯错误,干坏事committeen.委员会commodityn.商品,物品commona.共同的commonwealthn.共和国,联邦,共同体communicatevi.交流 vt.传染;传播communicationn.交流,联系;交通communismn.共产主义communistn.共产主义者,共产党人 a.共产主义的;共产党的communityn.社会,社区;共同体;公众commutev.乘车(或船等) 往返于两地companionn.伴侣,同伴,志趣相投的人companyn.公司comparablea.(with, to) 比得上的,相似的comparativea.比较的,相当的 n.匹敌物;比较级comparev.比较,对照comparisonn.比较,对照;比拟compartmentn.卧车包房,(客车厢内的) 隔间;分隔的空间;水密舱compassn.罗盘,指南针;(pl.) 圆规;(正式) 范围compelv.强迫,迫使compensatev.(for) 补偿,赔偿compensationn.补偿,赔偿competev.比赛;竞争competenta.有能力的,胜任的;应该做的,被许可的;足够的;有法定资格的competitionn.竞赛,竞争competitorn.竞争者,敌手complainv.抱怨;申诉complaintn.抱怨;申诉;疾病complementv.补充,补足民补足 n.补充;补语completea.完整的,完全的;完成的 v.完成,使完整complexa.复杂的;合成的,综合的 n.复杂;联合体complicatev.(使) 变复杂complicateda.错综复杂的,麻烦的',难解的complimentn.(pl.) 问候,致意;称赞,恭维 v.称赞,恭维complyv.遵照,应允componentn.组成部分,成分,元件 a.组成的,合成的composev.组成,构成;创作(作曲、诗歌等)compositionn.作文,写作;乐曲;构成,组成,结构compoundn.混合物,化合物a.混合的,化合的,复合的v.使复合,使混合;和解,妥comprehendv.理解;包含comprehensionn.理解comprehensivea.内容广泛的,综合的;理解的compressv.压缩,浓缩comprisev.包含,构成compromisev.妥协;折衷compulsorya.强制的,义务的,必修的computen.计算,估计computern.计算机comraden.,同事concealv.隐藏,隐瞒;隐蔽concentratev.(on) 集中,专心;浓缩 n.浓缩物conceptn.概念,观念;思想concernv.涉及,关系到;(使) 担心,(使) 关切 n.关心,挂念;(利害) 关系concerningprep.关于concertn.音乐会,演奏会;一齐,一致concessionn.迁就,让步concisea.简明的,简洁的concludev.结束,终止;断定,下结论;缔结,议定conclusionn.结束,终结;结论,推论concretea.具体的,实质性的 n.混凝土;具体物 v.浇混凝土。
1、It is commonplace these days for people to change their jobs. Which do you prefer, to have a stable job or to change jobs frequently?Although many people prefer to change work frequently nowadays, I still want to have a stable job. First, I don’t think I can adapt to a new environment in a short time. Sometimes I prefer a stable job.I want to see my company growing.Third, as a girl, I want to take care of my family. With a stable job,I can provide a better educational environment for my children.In a word, a stable job is more suitable for me.2、、University graduates are now finding it more and more difficult to get a proper job. How can we succeed in a job interview?To be honest , the job interview is indeed important,Firstly of all, the interviewee must pay attention to his or her appearance. The first impression is always where we start. Secondly, good manners are equally important. Don’t be too proud, and neither too shy, just be polite. Thirdly, the interviewee must show his or her ability and skills for the job. Be confident. Last but not the least, the interviewee ought to be honest for honesty is the best policy.Remember the above points, and you will succeed in the interview.3、What factors will you consider when you are hunting for a job?Yes, the job is extremely vital for everyone, because it is a part in our life, We should pay more attention to it when we are hunting for a profession.First,I'm a quiet person, so I wish that my work is stable.second, I think salary is also one of the key factor.the salary cannot be too low. Thirdly, working atmosphere is also important. At the same time, the interest is more important. I demand some spare time to do something I like, such as reading, seeing a movie and doing sports.I need a job that it can make my life more meaningful and exciting .4、People are becoming increasingly dependent on computers and mobile phones. What is your opinion on blogs or micro messages?Nowadays, there are an increasingly number of people who are addicted to computers and mobile phones.Every coin has two sides.”On the one hand, we can gain more information through them. In this way, they open our eyes as well as our mind What’s more, they have become a tool for us to communicate with our friends.On the other hand,we may develop the bad habit of delaying things all the timeWhat’s worse, I am afraid that some students have spent too much time on their blogs and been addicted.All in all, the blog is a good thing, but it depends on how to use.5、Science is a double-edged sword. In what ways do you think modern technology changes our lives?Firstly, It makes it easier to receive information.Secondly, QQ, micro-letter and E-mail already replace letters. Distance is not the problem any more. We even can chat with each other face to face through the online video.In a word, technology has brought great convenience and made great changeOn the other hand, technology may be harmful to our lives.some people especially teenagers are addicted to the high-tech products like smart phone easily.6、Can you imagine life without computers or Internet? What kind of problems do they create? What can be done to solve the problems?With the development of science and technology, computers and mobile phones have played an increasingly important role in our daily life.They make our life more convenient. Sometimes at dinner tables, instead of chatting and laughing with each other, many people choose to chat with other friends online. It is hard to imagine life without computer or internet.If there is no network, I would not know what to do. I can’t imagine how to live without them. They do bring great convenience to our life.If we use the computer reasonably, I believe our lives will be better.7、When did you buy your first mobile phone? What do you think are the positive and negative sides of the mobile phones?My father bought me my first mobile phone after the graduation from senior high school. Comparing with other students, getting my own mobile phone at that age is too late. However, in my senior high school,because mobile phones are always bad for students. For instance, the over using of mobile phone will delay their school work and has a bad effect on their eyesight.The mobile phone is very popular in our life. It is a useful tool for us to communicate with othersBut some people abused the mobile phone. They use them to play games, which are bad for the eyes and will waste much timeOnly in that way can we benefit from them.。
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分配invention 发明scientific 科学的object 物体abundant 丰富的tool 工具fortune 财富Nevertheless 然而ruin 毁灭parent 父母instruct指导measure 尺寸intelligent 聪明的weight 重量support 支持evidence 证据plant 植物blame 过失model 模型recent 最近的disagreement 不合essay 随笔protest 抗议promote 促进appoint任命blame 责备independent 中立派consider 考虑runaway 逃跑者authority 权威hamper妨碍、牵制analyze 分析composition 作文original 最初的challenge 挑战brilliant 灿烂的affective 情感的function 功能trace 痕迹moderate 温和主义者valuable 有价值的happenings 意外发生的事件event 事件guide 导游product 产品fashion 时尚、流行habit 习惯widespread 广大的slip 滑倒tidy 干净整洁destroy 破坏present 出席的、当面的undeveloped 发展中的possibility 可能性reduce 减少medical 医学的consumer 消费者discourage 使气馁incomes 收入assumptions 假定postpone 延期survey 调查attitude态度purchase 购买comment 注释、评论condition 情况maintain 维持average 平均sensitive 敏感的policy 政策task 任务、作业occupation 占有report 报告exchange 交换advantage 利益accuse 责备flexible 灵活的proposal 提议arrest 逮捕fine 罚款dismiss 解散efficient 有效率的exclude 排除execute 运行discussion 讨论error 错误safety 安全wheat 小麦immediately 立刻地favor 好意reflect 反映considerable 相当的describe 描述technology 技术system 系统satellite 人造卫星microwave 微波design 设计revolution 革命soldier 军人approach 方式regret 遗憾expert 专家suffer 遭受extremely 极端地stated 定期的、规定的flunk 不及格immoral 不道德的involve包括infer 推论出occasion 场合entertainment 娱乐occupation 占有、职业Electricity 电welfare福利neutral 中立者uncomfortably 困难的equipment 仪器substitute 替代content 内容imagination 想像sensitive 敏感的magnificent 壮大的insist 坚持Microscope 显微镜Telescope 望远镜inexpensive 廉宜的progress 进步persuade 劝说cinema 电影院doubt 怀疑liquor 液体、酒精饮料measure 手段occur 发生value 价值origin 起源express快递event 事件charm 吸引力poet 诗人move 移动rude 粗鲁无礼的visual 视觉的creative 有创造力的companion 朋友suitable 适当的sense 感觉devote 投入于satisfactory 满意的consequently 结果transfer 移动shy 害羞的Movie 电影existence 存在snore 鼾声enter 进入romantic 浪漫的studio 工作室、摄影棚trouble 麻烦touch 触觉translate 翻译finish 完成cave 洞fortune 财富profit 利润celebration 庆祝charge 指控fold 折叠superior 长者murder 谋杀minister 部长exchange 交换solemn 严肃的stupid 愚蠢的resource 资源attract 吸引overcome 克服observe 观察seaside 海滨error 错误desire 欲望major 主修process程序explosion 爆发painful 痛苦的require 需要sickness 疾病willingness 自动自发importance 重要succeed 成功necessary 必需品official 官员delay 延迟inefficiency 无效率retain 保留situation 情形definitely 明确的employ雇用employee 职员subsequent 后来的compound 混合物ultimate 终极slight 微小的convey 传达injure 伤害announce 宣布passport 护照guide 导游acquaintance 相识者hilltop 小山顶edition 版本bother 烦扰prohibit 禁止range 范围revolve旋转、循环出现spot 地点periodically 定期地thumb 拇指agriculture 农业century世纪naturally 自然地wisdom 智慧crude 天然的iron 铁poison 毒药chill 寒冷self-reliant 自恃的experimental 实验的alternative 替代方案verbal 口述的cage 笼obvious 明显的slim 瘦的risk 危险environmental 环境的severely 严重地exhibition 展览tale 故事picnic 野餐gesture 手势protect 保护arrange安排apply 应用criticize 批评adjust 调整complain 抱怨prison 监狱respect 尊敬superior 长者range 范围sugar 糖contribution 贡献mercy 仁慈curio 古董cooperate 合作award 奖赏transform 转换conventional 传统的worth 价值occur 发生review 回顾、复习earn 赚钱joke 笑话uncommon 不寻常的worthwhile 值得花时间的dressing-gown 睡袍oven 烤箱discover 发现percent 百分比headache 令人头痛的事overthrown 推翻、打倒capable 有能力的decrease 减少behavior 行为spending 开支Stable 马棚reliable. 可靠的. expectation 期待stimulate 刺激mechanic 机械工Furthermore 此外investigation 调查appear 出现psychology 心理学prove 证明expectation 期待influence 影响力Wealth 财富vary 改变lecture 演讲beyond 超过favor 好意disappointment 失望concerned 与…相关的raise 加价、加薪commit 委托accident 意外事件aware 明白的、意识到proficient 高手exceed 超过promote 促进、提升opinion 意见individual 个人knowledgeable 聪明的castle 城堡recognize 认识exact 正确refer 谈到、涉及Provided 提供science 科学engineering 工程学manufacturing 制造业oven 烤箱industry工业claim 要求popular 流行的taxpayer 纳税人cheating 欺骗breakdown 崩溃interest 兴趣polar 极地的exam 考试vital 重要的control 控制guilty 有罪的widespread 广大的civilization 文明distance 距离region 地区motorcar 汽车homeward 在归途上的unclear 不易了解的explorer 探险家landings 登陆substance 物质vacation 假期obstacle 障碍sensible 有感觉的achieve 达成poison 毒药tiny 极小的plastic 塑料display 炫耀goodness 仁慈message 信息commercial 商业的striking 醒目的tobacco 烟草support 支持deceive 欺骗mystery 秘密combine 联合appeal 呼吁、请求literary 文学的convey 传达accurate 正确的reflect 反映accuracy 准确性slave 奴隶Specialist 专家specific 特效药task 工作pet 伴侣动物secure 安全的proof 证明establish 建立fit 合适的escape 逃亡experience 经验image 图像dream 梦capital 首都hero 英雄actress 女演员frustration 挫折load 装载的、负荷的profession 职业scenery 风景pleasure 快乐register登记tourism 旅游业guilty 有罪的bent 倾向、爱好composition 作文premier 第一的、首要的neighbor 邻居beach 海滩expertise 专长nationalized 国有化determined 坚决的invest 投资primary 初步的、基础的native 本地人Opportunity 机会verb 动词explanation 解释conclusion 结论acupuncture 针灸progress 进步patient 病人wrist 手腕technique 技术disease 疾病attend 叁加quality 质量reject 被拒之人employ雇用economic 经济的solve 解决button 钮扣pregnant 怀孕的acceptable 可接受的participation 分享oppose 反对sufficient 充份的competent 能干的upright 直立的slender 苗条的contribute 有助于televised 播映colleague 同事boring 枯燥的dormitory 宿舍broadcast 广播ray 射线entirely 完全地limited 限制shift 变化spin 旋转circle 圆周protect 保护permanently 长备的Moreover 而且childhood 孩童时期machinery 机器scarce 稀有的labor 劳动plow 犁cast 浇筑soil 土壤steel 钢adopt 收养session 期间praise 赞美vocabulary 单词adult 成人evidence 证据given 假设的mind 思想slippery 光滑的punish 处罚vivid 生动的definition 定义company 公司hero 英雄prevent避免approach 方式accuse 责备practice 练习instrument 工具afford 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1 PRETCO-B 常见语法点汇总 1. 疑问词: why (为什么), what(什么),which(哪一个),when(提问时间), where(提问地点),how(怎么样) (2010.6-17,) 2. 连词:and(和),or(或者),but(但是),however(然而),not…but…(不是…而是…), both…and…(两者都),either…or…(或者…或者…),neither…nor…(既不是…也不是…),,if(如果),because(因为),so(所以),therefore(因此),although(虽然),even though (即使),when(当…时候,接时间点),while (当…时候,接时间段),since(自从),unless(除非) (2010.6-25) 3. 固定搭配: there is no doubt that… (毫无疑问…) (2010.6-19) inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事 look forward to doing sth. 期望,盼望 4. it is/was+形容词+(for sb.)+ to do / that…… (2010.6-20) 5. 强调句:it is/was …. that ….. (2010.6-21,2009.6-18) 6. 被动语态构成: Be + 动词过去分词 7. 形容词、副词比较级最高级: “A + be + 形容词/副词比较级 + than + B” A比B更…. (2010.6-28) “比较级 + and + 比较级” 或 “more and more +原级” “越来越…” e.g. It is getting colder and colder. 天气越来越冷了。 The wind became more and more heavily. 风变得越来越大。 “the + 比较级…,the + 比较级” “越…越…” e.g. The sooner, the better. 越快越好。 最高级:the+最高级 8. spend, cost, take, pay: (2009.12-16) spend的主语必须是人, 常用于以下结构: (1) spend time /money on sth. 在……上花费时间(金钱)。 例:I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。 (2) spend time /money (in) doing sth. 花费时间(金钱)做某事。(2010.6-33) 例:They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。 (3)spend money for sth. 花钱买…… 例:His money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了。
cost的主语是物或某种活动, 还可以表示“值”, 常见用法如下: (1)sth. costs (sb.) +金钱,某物花了(某人)多少钱。 例:A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。 (2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) +时间,某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间 例:Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。 2
注意:cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。 take后面常跟双宾语, 常见用法有以下几种: (1) It takes sb. +时间+to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间 例:It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。 (2)doing sth. takes sb. +时间,做某事花了某人多少时间。 例:Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。 pay的基本用法是: (1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买…… 例:I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英磅的房租。 (2)pay for sth. 付……的钱。 例:I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。 (3)pay for sb. 替某人付钱。 例:Don’t worry! I'll pay for you. 别担心, 我会给你付钱的。 (4)pay sb. 付钱给某人。 例: They pay us every month.他们每月给我们报酬。 (5)pay money back 还钱。 例:May I borrow 12 yuan from you? I'll pay it back next week. 你能借给我12块钱吗?下周还你。 (6)pay off one's money还清钱。
9. 英语介词:(介词+名词 / 动词ing) 表示时间的介词:at, on, in, before, after等。 一、at, on和in at 表示具体时间点,或后面没有Day 的节日,中午,夜里; 如:at five o’clock, at Christmas,at noon, at night on后可以跟表日期、星期、节日的词,还可以指具体某一天的早、中、晚。 如:on Sundays, on 1st May, on sunday morning, On a windy afternoon , on Children's Day. in 泛指一天的早、中、晚,还可以表示一段时间,如:周、年、月、季节等。 如:in 2009, in June, in spring, in the morning, in the evening 二、before和after before 表示:在……之前 before eight o’ clock 八点之前 after 表示:表示……之后 after lunch 午饭之后 三、表示做某事的方法、手段的介词有by, with, in, at, on。 by表示:用,以,靠,通过……方式 by表示手段时后接动作或制作方式 “by + 交通工具”表示交通方式 3
Linda usually goes to work by subway. 琳达通常做地铁上班。 She makes a living by teaching. 她考教书谋生。 with with 表示:用,以。with表示手段时,后接工具、材料或具体内容。 write with a pen 用钢笔写 eat with knife and fork 用刀叉吃 see with one’s eyes 用眼睛看 in in 表示:用,以。in表示用某种方式,如:颜色、笔墨、语言、声音、服饰等。 speak in English 用英语说 talk in a high voice 高声说话 I wrote a letter in ink. 我用钢笔写了一封信。 Try to express yourself in English. 试着用英语表达一下。 四、表示空间的介词:at, on 和 in ① at 表示:(地点、位置)在…… ② on 表示:(位置)在……上面 ③ in 表示:(地点、位置或空间)在……里,在……中,在……上 五、 under 表示:在……的正下方 below 表示:在……下方 六、① between 表示:(位置、时间、数量等)在……之间(两者之间) ② among 表示:在……中间(三者或三者以上之间)
10. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事 11. so that 以便,为了(表目的) so…that… 如此…以致于(表程度) 12. as soon as(一…就…) 引导的句子,从句部分用一般现在时表将来。 13. 与 keep 有关的词组: keep doing sth.和keep on doing sth. 一直做某事,持续做某事,不停地做某事 两者意义及用法相同,但后者更强调决心和重要性。如: He kept coughing all morning.他整个上午不停地咳嗽。 4
He kept on phoning me, but I really didn’t want to talk to him.他不断给我打电话,但我实在不想和他说话。 keep from (doing) sth (1) 忍不住做某事。如: I couldn’t keep from laughing. 我忍不住笑了。 (2) 避开或防止(做)某事。如: He keeps from bad company. 他不与坏人为伍。 He kept from talking about it. 他避而不谈此事。 keep sb from•doing 使某人不能做某事。如: The rain kept us from going out. 下雨使我们没法出去。 We must keep them from getting to know our plans. 我们一定不要让他们知道我们的计划。 keep sb (sth) doing sth 使某人(某事)不停地做某事。如: He kept the fire burning. 他让火燃着。 keep sb (sth) done 使某人(某事)被……。如: Keep you mouth shut and your eyes open. 少说话,多干事。 She kept us supplied with food and money. 她为我们源源不断提供食物和钱。 keep off 避开,防止,挡住。 Please keep off that subject. 请避开那个话题。 keep on 继续。如: The rain kept on for several days. 雨一连下了好几天。 Keep on until you come to the station. 一直走到车站。 14. 感叹句句式:(2009.12-26, 2007.6-19) What + a/an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语! How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语! 15. 定语从句关系代词、关系副词: 一 定语从句中关系代词的使用 A. 如果修饰人,一般用关系代词who, whom, whose 或that。在定语从句中作主语的一般用who或that, 作宾语的一般用whom, who或that, 作定语并具有物主性质的用whose。(在定语从句中作宾语的关系代词可省略) ①I don’t like people who/that get angry easily. 我不喜欢容易发脾气的人。 ( 关系代词who/ that在定语从句中作主语,不可省略) ②Here is the man (whom/ who/ that) you want to see. 这就是你想见的人。 ( 关系代词whom/ who/ that在定语从句中作宾语,可以省略)