强调句(16)

强调句

英语中的主要的强调结构是it is/was…that…, do/does/did+动词原形,

what…is/was, 或者某些词来加强语气。

① It is/was…that…强调结构

这种结构可以对句子中的主语、表语、宾语、同位语和状语等进行充分强调，已达到突出信息的交际目的。

I didn’t realize all my mistakes until you told me yesterday.

对主语进行强调：It was I that/who didn’t realize all my mistakes until you told

me yesterday.

对宾语进行强调: It was all my mistakes that I didn’t realize until you told me

yesterday.

对状语进行强调： It was not until you told me yesterday that I realize all my

mistakes.

⑴ It be…that…中that 没有实际意义，只起连接作用，但指人时，可用who代替that。

It was/who Mum that/who made a promise to send me to there.

⑵ It be…that…中be的事态的用法

强调句中be的时态要依据原句的时态而定，即原句为过去的某种时态，则强调句中的be就用过去式was；原句为现在的某种时态，强调句中就用is。有时be前还可用情态动词，构成it might be/must be/ must have been/ can’t

be…that….。

It might be tomorrow evening that the news will be broadcast.

It must have been Annabel who phoned yesterday.

⑶It be…that…中人称和数的应用

被强调的部分若是句子的主语，that/who 之后的谓语动词在人称和数上应与句子的主语保持一致。

It is I who/that am your friend that will come to help you.

It is James that/who is leaving for Shanghai on business.

⑷ 对not...until…的强调

与否定词连用的until短语或从句在被强调时应连同not一起放在被强调部分中。

It wasn’t until nearly a month later that I received the manager’s reply.

It was not until midnight that they reached the camp site.

⑸It be…that…的疑问形式

强调句的一般疑问句是“Is/was it +被强调部分+that/who…?”

Is it your brother who works in that company?

强调句的特殊疑问句是“特殊疑问词+is/was +it that…?”

Who was it that wrote these famous plays?

Where was it that you picked up the wallet? When was it that you saw him?

注意：强调句型与从句的区别：

一般来说，如果把句中的It is/was 和that 去掉，稍加调整语序，能还原成完整句子并且句意完整的就是强调句型。否则就是其他从句。

It was at three o’clock that we finished the work.

It is a fact that he has lost the game by one score.

It is three years since we last met.

It was 8:00 when he telephoned me and told me the news.

② “do/does/did+动词原形”进行强调

这种强调句型只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种，只对肯定的谓语动词进行强调，没有疑问和否定形式。

Do be careful next time, please.

She did tell me about her address.

在祈使句中运用“do+动词原形”的形式，往往不表示命令，而表示强烈的请求。

Do come on time next time.

Do come in and sit down.

③ What …is/was …句型

这种句式一般用来强调主语或宾语。

What I am going to tell you is that you are admitted to Peking University.

What John did last night was prepare a long report.

④ 通过某些词强调

⑴ 用wh-ever进行强调

疑问词后加上ever可以对疑问句进行强调，也可强调从句中的主语、宾语或状语，常译为“究竟；无论……都……”。

Whatever/what ever are you going to do this evening?

Whichever language are you best at. Greek, Latin or Italian?

⑵ 用on earth， in the world, the hell, the devil等进行强调

这些词置于疑问词之后，表示“到底”、“究竟”，用来加强语气以及表示意义上的强调 Where the devil are you hiding your new books?

What on earth is the matter there?

⑶ 用very, just, own, single, right进行强调

very, just, own, single, right 等形容词表示强调时，一般用来强调名词或代词

It’s just the shirt, the very shirt.

It was my own idea.

⑷ 用反身代词或不定代词作同位语进行强调

I gave the letter to the teacher himself.

We all agree with you.

⑸ 用well，far 等进行强调（强调介词短语）

He is well past fifty.

练习

1. It was not until I came here_________ I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty

but also its weather.

A. who B. that C .where D. before

2. Was it by cutting down staff_________ she saved the firm?

No, it was by improving work efficiency.

A. when B. what C. how D. that

3. It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic_________ Zheng He had

sailed to East Africa.

A. when B. that C. after D. since

4. It was not until 1920_________ American women had the chance to vote in national elections.

A. when B. that C. where D. which

5. I really don’t know_________ I put my wallet.

A. where was it B. it was where that C. where was it that D. where it was that

6. It was the training that he had as a child_________ made him such a good pianist, received by

teenagers as well as adults.

A. that B. which C. who D. what

7. It was at nine o’clock_________ we reached the camp.

A. when B. that C. while D. before

8. It was _________ the soldier did at the spot of the accident, not what he said, _________moved

all the citizens of the whole city.

A. that; what B. what; that C. that; that D. what; which

9. It was what he meant rather than what he said_________ annoyed me.

A. which B. who C. that D. when

10. It’s not what we do once in a while_________ shapes our lives, but what we do consistently.