名词所有格的构成、用法及练习
名词在句中表示所有关系、所属关系、动作执行者及动作承受者等意义时常需用所有格形式。
名词所有格也称为属格、主格，它主要包括's 所有格、 of 所有格和双重所有格三种表现形式。
名词所有格的用法：
1.0 名词 + ’ s （主要用于有生命的事物或自然界独一无二的某些空间和时间名词的所有格）
1.1 单数名词和不以 -s 结尾的复数名词在词尾加’s构成所有格，例如：
e.g. Jimmy’ s book（吉米的书）
Jane’ s schoolbag（简的书包）
Mark’ s room（马克的房间）
Qianqian ’ s mother（倩倩的妈妈）
Children’ s Day(儿童的节日、六一儿童节)
Men’ soomR 男厕所
Wuhan’ s summer is very hot(.武汉的夏天非常热。 )
Qianqian ’ s math is very good倩倩.(的数学很好。 )
1.2复数名词以 -s 结尾的只需要加’构成所有格。
e.g. Twins ’ father is Mr. Brown双.(胞胎的爸爸是布朗先生。 )
Girls ’ favorite foodiceis-cream. (女孩们最喜欢的食物是冰激凌。 )
the workers ’ struggle工人的斗争
2.0名词 +of +名词
+of +名词的结构来表示所有关系。
如果名词是无生命的，我们通常就要用名词例如：
e.g. A bag of mine= my bag (我的书包 )
The name of the girl =the girl女’孩s的name名字 ()
The window of the bedroom = the bedroom’ s卧window(室的窗户)
3.0 特殊所有格
若一样东西为两人共有，则后一个人名用所有格；如果不是两人共有，而是各有各的，则两个
名词都用所有格，且其后名词应为复数。例如：
e.g. This is Tom and Jim’ s room这是汤.姆和吉姆共有的房间。
These are Tom ’ s and Jim’ s这rooms些是汤.姆和杰森各自的房间。
an hour and a half’ s（walk步行一个半小时的路程）
4.0 's 所有格所修饰的词的省略现象
4.1 表示诊所、店铺或某人的家等地点名词，其名词所有格后的被修饰语常常省略。例如：
e.g. I met her at the doctor's（ office ）．我在诊所遇见了她。
He has gone to the tailor's（shop）．他到服装店去了。
She went to Mr．Black's（house）yesterday．她昨天到布莱克先生家去了。
4.2 名词所有格所修饰的词，如果前面已经提到过，往往可以省略，以免重复。例如：
e.g. Whose pen is this？ It's Tom's．这是谁的钢笔？是汤姆的。
The bike is not mine，but Wang Pinpin's．这辆自行车不是我的，是王品品的。
4.3 在复合名词或短语中，’ s加在最后一个词的词尾。
e.g. a month or two’s absence
4.4 作为一个整体的词组，一般在最后一个词的词尾加’s。
e.g. an hour and a half ’s （walk步行一个半小时的路程）
Carol and Charles’ boat（卡咯和查尔斯两人共有的船）
4.5 不定代词后接else , 所有格放在else 上。
e.g. somebody else ’s bag
4.6. 下列情况可以将’ s所有格中的名词省略。
4.6.1 名词所有格所修饰的词 , 如果前面已经提到，往往可以省略，以免重复。
e.g. This notebook is not mine, nor John’s, nor Peter’s.
这个笔记本不是我的，也不是约翰和比特的。
The dictionary isn’t mine, but Jenny’s.
这本词典不是我的，而是珍妮的。
4.6.2 名词所有格后面有指地点等的名词时, 有的在习惯上可以省略。（同 4.1）
e.g. Before Christmas,there were lots of customers at the Richarsons’. the
doctor （’s office ）医生的诊所
my uncle ’s（house）我叔叔的家
4.7 起修饰作用的名词，如不表示所有关系，通常不用’s。
e.g. room number tooth brush
5.0 双重所有格及其用法
's 所有格和 of 所有格两种所有格形式结合在一起，构成"of ＋所有格 "形式，即双重的所有格。它通常表示部分观念，即全体中的一部分，在意义上与"one of．．．" 相似，它主要修饰of 短语
之前的那个名词。此外，双重所有格与指示代词连用时，常带有感情色彩，如赞赏、不满、厌
恶等。它的主要形式如下：
5.1 名词＋ of＋名词性物主代词。例如：
e.g. a good friend of mine 我的一个好朋友
an interesting story of his 他的有趣的经历
5.2 名词＋ of＋ 's 所有格。
e.g. He is a friend of my sister's．（＝ one of my sister's friends）他是我姐姐的一个朋友
Look at that long nose of Jack's．看杰克的那个长鼻子。（感情色彩）
试比较：
a picture of Xiao Zhang 小张（本人）的照片
a picture of Xiao Zhang's 小张（具有的照片中）的一张照片
2
一般不与形容词性物主代词或 's 所有格等一起放在名词前修饰名词，而采用of 所有格或双重所有格形式。例如：
e.g. most of the students学生中的大多数
three of them 他们中的三个人
I have read some books of his．我读过他的一些书
Which book of Qiong Yao's have you read？你读过琼瑶的哪一本书？
6.0 's 所有格、 of 所有格和双重所有格三者之间的细微区别
请仔细比较下面三句话：
5.41She is Mary's brother's friend．
5.42She is a friend of Mary's brother．
5.43She is a friend of Mary's brother's．
5.41句用的是 's 所有格，侧重说明她和 Mary 的哥哥是朋友关系，突出 friend 一词。
5.42句用的是 of 所有格，侧重说明她和 Mary 的哥哥是朋友关系，强调突出了Mary's brother。
5.43句用的是双重所有格，侧重说明 Mary 哥哥的朋友不止是一个，她只是其中的一个。
练习题：
一、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.March 8th is __________Day. (woman).
2.Taking twenty __________(分钟 ) exercise every day is good for your health.
3.The shop sells ____________妇(女 ) handbags.
4. Teachers in western countries have a三(个月的) holiday in a year.
5.I ’ ll give my English teacher a card for ____________Day. (teacher)
6.It ’ slyonten __________walk from the station to the hotel. (minute)
7.It ’ s an __________(hour) ride from here to the museum.
二、选择填空：
1．- How’ s Joy ’ s skirt?
- Her skirt is more beautiful than ________.
A. her sister’ s and Kate
B. her sister and Kate
C. her sister and Kate’s
D. her sister’ s and Kate’s 2．This is _______ room. The twin sisters like it very much.
A. Lucy ’ s and Lily’s
B. Lucy ’ s and Lily
C. Lucy and Lily’s
3．In ______ time, those mountains will be covered with trees, too.
A. few years
B. a few years’
C. a few year
D. a few year’s
4．We will have a ___________holiday after the exam.
A. two month
B. two–month
C. two month ’s
D. two –months
5．Did you hear the ___________report?
A. policemen
B. policemen’s
C. policemens’
D. policemens
6．It ’ s about __________walk from my home.
A. ten minute
B. ten minutes’
C. ten minute’s
D. ten minutes
7．This is my dress. That one is ______________.
A. Mary
B. Mary ’s
C. sister
D. mother
8．Every morning Mr. Smith takes a ________ to his office.
A. 20 minutes walk
B. 20 minute’ s walk
C. 20-minutes walk
D. 20-minute walk
9．Where is ___________ sweater ? I can’ t see it.
A. Lucy
B. Lucys
C. Lucy ’s
10．__________ mothers made them have piano lessons.
A. Peter and Anne
B. Peter ’ s and Anne ’s
C. Peter ’ s and Anne
D. Peter and Anne’s
11．The room on the right is ________.
A. her
B. she
C. Lucy ’s
D. Lucy
12．We’ ll have a ____________ holiday. What about going to the West Lake?
A. two days
B. two-day
C. two-days
D. two-days ’
（两天的假期： two days ’ holiday/two-day holiday）
13．The market isn’ t far from here. It’ s only ___________ bicycle ride.
A. half an hours’
B. half an hour’s
C. half an hour
D. an hour and a half
14．Where’ s your father ? At _________.
A. Mr Green’s
B. Mr. Green
C. the Mr. Green’s
15．The twin brothers always put small presents in ___________stockings on Christmas Day.
A. each other’s
B. each other
C. each others
D. each others’
16．My father will have a _________ holiday next month. He ke me to’Qingdaollta.
A. ten days
B. ten days’
C. ten-days
D. ten day’s
17．Where have you been these days?
I have been to Bei Daihe with a friend __________.
A. in Chinese
B. of Japan
C. of American’s
D. from Canada
18．When we saw the film Hero, I sat between Ted and Ben. That is to say my seat was between ____________.
A. Ted and Ben
B. Ted ’ s and Ben
C. Ted and Ben’s
D. Ted ’ s and Ben ’s
19．It is said that SARS has killed more than _______________ people worldwide.
A. three hundreds
B. three hundreds’
C. three hundred’s
D. three hundred
20．Kate won the _______ race in the summer sports meeting.
A. 100-metre
B. 100-metres
C. 100 metre
D. 100 metre ’同
s12(题 )
21．Whose bike is it ? It’ s ____________.
A. John
B. John ’s
C. Johns ’
D. Johns
22．I ’ ll give you ________to finish the work. OK.
A. two week ’ s time
B. two weeks ’ time
C. two week time
D. two weeks time 23．________ desk is the cleanest in the classroom.
A. Ann ’ s and Tom
B. Ann and Tom ’s
C. Ann and Tom
D. Ann ’ s and Tom ’s 24．My pen is black. _________ is blue.
A. Kates
B. Kate
C. Kate ’s
25．Is this your room? No, it’ s _________room.
A. the children
B. the children’s
C. of the children
D. the childrens’
26．Who is the man in the blue car? He is __________ father.
A. Kate ’ s and Mary’s
B. Kate and Mary’s
C. Kate and Mary
D. of Kate and Mary.
三、翻译。
1.李(明的父母 )work in a big hospital.
2.This is我(妹妹的语文书 ).
3.双(胞胎的卧室 ) are very nice.
4.王(平和王明的父亲 ) is a hotel manager.
5.They are _________________________________________________(Peter和 Sam 的老师 ).
6.教(师节 ) is on September 10th .
7.学(生们的桌椅 ) are very new.
8.We are very happy on儿童(节 ).
9.He is in老(师的办公室 ) now.
10. Please open教室(的门 ).
11.赵(敏的鞋 ) are white.
12.林(红和张蔚的学校 ) is big and new.
13._____________________________________________(John和 Sally 的母亲 ) are American.
14.___________________________________________________(Tony哥哥的电脑 ) is broken.
15. It ’ s妇(女节) on March 8th.
16. Are these男(生们的书包) ?
17. That is ____________________________________________________(Tom和李雷的教室 ).
练习题答案：
一、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.Women’ s
2. minutes’
3. women
4.three’s months
5.’Teachers 6’.
minutes’7. hour’s
二、选择填空。
1－5 DCBBB6－ 10 BBDCB11－15 CBBAA
16－ 20 BDDDA21－26 BBBCBB
三、翻译。
1.Li Ming ’s parents
2.My sister’s Chinese book
3.The twins’
4.Wang Ping and Wang Ming’s
5.Peter and Sam’s
6.Teachers’Day
7.The students’desks and chairs
8.Children’sDay
9.the teachers’office
10.the door of the classroom
11.Zhao Min’s shoes
12.Lin Hong and Zhang Wei’s school
13.John’s and Sally’s mothers
14.The computer of Tony’s brother
15.Women’s Day
16.Boys’schoolbags
17.Tom and Li Lei’s