高一英语知识点详解
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Unit 1 1. survey 调查;测验 do(make) a survey on sth 做什么的调查 a survey of sth 关于...的调查 add up 合计 (可用于被动语态) Eg:请把这些数字合计起来 Please add up these numbers Add up to 总计为,合计为(不能用于被动态)总计为,合计为 我的月薪总计为五千元。My monthly salary adds up to 5000 yuan. 2. upset adj. 心烦意乱的;不安的,不适的 (vt 使心烦,扰乱 vi 翻到 n 混乱 翻到 颠覆) 这个消息使他们很难过。The news upset them. 指环的遗失使她很心烦意乱。Losing the ring upset her very much. 3. ignore不理睬;忽视 he ignored her outraged question.他无视她愤怒的质问 4. calm vt.&vi.(使)平静;(使)镇定 adj.平静的;镇定的;沉着的calm...down(使)平静下来 (n 平静; 镇定; 安定; 无风;) Try to remain calm . 尽量保持冷静。 Her voice was surprisingly calm. 她的声音出人意料地平静。 5. have got to 不得不;必须 have got to 和 have to 的区别: have to与have got to含义相同,常可以互换。 have to构成否定句和疑问句时通常须加do。 have got to 为英国英语在口语中的用法,只需用have或has构成否定句或疑问句。 6. concern(使)担心;涉及;关系到 n. 担心;关注;(利害)关系 Without her care and concern, he had no chance at all. 若非她的关心和照顾,他根本没有机会。 As far as I'm concerned 在我看来,就...而言 be concerned with/in (doing) sth 和...有牵连/有关,参与/关涉... be concerned about/for sb/(doing) sth 担心,关心,挂念... 7. be concerned about 关心;挂念 8. walk the dog 溜狗 9. loose adj 松的;松开的 10. vet 兽医 11. go through 经历;经受 12. Amsterdam 阿姆斯特丹(荷兰首都) 13. Netherlands 荷兰(西欧国家) 14. Jewish 犹太人的;犹太族的 15. German 德国的;德国人的;德语的。 16. Nazi 纳粹党人 adj. 纳粹党的 17. set down 记下;放下;登记 The police sest down my car number. 警察记下了我的汽车号码 18. series 连续,系列 a series of 一连串的;一系列;一套 The student always asks his teacher a series of questions. 这个学生总是问他老师一连串的问题。 He drew a series of parallel lines. 他画了一组平行线。 Then began a series of experiments. 然后一系列的实验开始了。 19. outdoors在户外;在野外 20. spellbind 迷住;疑惑 (vt. 迷住;用妖术迷惑 [ 过去式 spellbound 过去分词 spellbound 现在分词 spellbinding to spellbind 迷住 Spellbind Records 出版者 To hold motionless;spellbind. 使呆住使不动;被迷住) 21. on purpose 故意 He did it on purpose. 他故意的。 22. in order to 为了 She make the sentence in order to answer your question. 为了回答你的问题,她造了个句子 23. dusk 黄昏傍晚at dusk 在黄昏时刻 24. thunder vi 打雷雷鸣 n. 雷,雷声 25. entire adj. 整个的;完全的;全部的 26. entirely adv. 完全地;全然地;整个地 27. power能力;力量;权力。 28. face to face 面对面地 This is the first time they meet each other face to face. 29. curtain 窗帘;门帘;幕布 30. dusty adj 积满灰尘的 31. no longer /not … any longer 不再 He no longer lives here. = He doesn’t live here any longer. 他不再住在这里了。 My daughter can finish the work by herself,because she is no longer a child. 我女儿能独自完成这项工作,因为她已不再是一个小孩子了。 32. partner 伙伴.合作者.合伙人 (n.合伙人, 股东, 舞伴, 伴侣,是可数名词;vt.与..合伙, 组成一对;vi.做伙伴, 当助手。) (1.(一起行动的)伙伴,同伙 They were partners in crime. 他俩是同谋犯。 2.合伙人,共同出资人 The business is owned by two partners. 这家商店为两个合伙人所拥有。 3.(舞蹈、游戏等的)搭档 The partners all joined hands and danced in a big circle. 舞伴们全都手拉手绕成一个大圈子跳舞。 4.配偶(指夫或妻) Are you sure that you want him for your partner for life? 你肯定要他做你的终生伴侣吗? 5.同居人(中性,既不指出婚姻状况,也不指出性别)) (1.同...合作(或合伙),做...的伙伴 John partnered Mary at the dance. 约翰在舞会上与玛丽结成舞伴。 2.使合作,使结伙[(+up/with)] Jim and Sue were partnered for the dance. 吉姆与苏结成了舞伴。 不及物动词 vi. 1.合伙;合股;成为搭档[(+with)] He still partners with Tom. 他仍和汤姆搭挡。) 33. settle 安家;定居;停留vt 使定居;安排;解决 (1.That would also settle the carbon footprint. 这样还能解决碳足迹的问题。 2.They want to settle in the booming cities. 他们想在繁荣的城市中定居。) 34. suffer vt &遭受;忍受经历 suffer from 遭受;患 病 (vi.受痛苦;受损害;变糟;变差vt.遭受;忍受;容忍;容许) (v.受痛苦,受损害 [I]例句: She suffered greatly as a child. 她童年深受苦难。 例句: He is never able to suffer the slightest pain. 他从来是一点点疼痛都忍受不住。 变糟,变差 [I] 例句: The engine suffered severely as a result. 结果,发动机受到严重损坏。 例句: His business suffered greatly during the war. 战争期间他的业务受到巨大的损失。 遭受,忍受 [I,T] 例句: She suffered multiple injuries in the car accident. 她在车祸中多处受伤。 例句: He suffered the humiliation of being forced to resign. 他蒙受了被迫辞职的羞辱。 经历,经验 [I,T] 例句: We live in a world where people suffer all kinds of misfortunes. 我们生活的这个世界,人们会经历各种的不幸。 例句: But ultimately, China and the west suffer from the same problem. 但最终,中国和西方都在经历同样的问题。 词义辨析: undergo,experience,sustain,suffer 这些动词均有“经历,经受,遭受”之意。 undergo多指经受艰难、痛苦、不愉快或危险等事。 experience指亲身经受或体验某事。 sustain指遭受痛 苦或承受负担。 suffer常可与sustain通用,尤指受到损害或伤害。 参考例句: to suffer from headaches 头痛 You must suffer the test. 你必须经受考验。 Many people suffer from stress. 许多人被巨大的精神压力所折磨。 Perhaps you suffer from overwork. 或许你是工作过度了。 He could not suffer criticism. 他不能忍受别人批评他。 She couldn't suffer criticism. 她受不了批评。 Many teenagers suffer from stress. 许多青少年被巨大的精神压力所折磨。 An idle soul shall suffer hunger. 懒惰之人必受饥饿之苦。) 35. loneliness 孤单寂寞 ( alone 用作形容词,通常只是表示客观上的一个人或没有外人,而不表示寂寞或孤独等感情色彩,并且在句中只用作表语。如: He doesn‘t feel lonely when he is alone. 他一个人时不感到寂寞。 I want to be alone with Mary. 我想与玛丽单独在一起。 二、lonely的用法 lonely 表示“寂寞的”、“孤寂的”,带有较强感情色彩,相当于 sad because one lacks friends or companions,可用来说明人,也可用来说明 life, days, years 等; 可用作表语或定语。如: He has been very lonely since his wife left him. 自他妻子离开他后,他一直感到很寂寞。 The story is about a lonely old man and his dog. 这个故事