what, whatever,who,whom,whomever的基本用法辨析

-ever词用法完全归纳-ever词用法完全归纳（本文发表于《第二课堂》2008年第3期,作者:陈根花）本文所说的-ever词主要包括whatever, whoever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however等。

由于它们在近几年的高考英语中一直比较热，再加上它用法难度大，所以许多同学对它们的用法一直比较头痛。

为此，本文拟对其具体用法作一归纳，以帮助同学们正确把握这些词的用法。

一、用于引导状语从句它们都可用来引导状语从句(让步状语从句)，其大意为“无论什么(是谁、哪一个、什么时候、什么地方、如何)”等，相当于英语中的no matter what (who, which, when, where, how)。

如：whatever [No matter what] you say, I believe you. 无论你说什么，我都相信你。

Whoever [No matter who] telephones, tell them I’m out. 不管是谁打电话，，都说我出去了。

Whichever [No matter which] day you come, I’ll be pleased to see you. 无论你哪天来，我都欢迎。

Whenever [No matter when] you come, you are welcome. 你什么时候来，我们都欢迎。

We found the people friendly wherever [no matter where] we went. 无论我们走到哪里，我们都发现人们很友好。

However [No matter how] much he eats, he never gets fat. 无论他吃多少，他都不发胖。

Phone me when you arrive, however late it is. 你到达之后就给我打电话，不论多么晚也要打。

2021年高考英语语法复习：名词性从句考点一引导名词性从句的连接词1.连接代词who,whose,whom,what,which及wh-ever等它们有词义,在从句中作成分。

what∕whatever指物,作主语、宾语、定语、表语;who∕whoever 指人,在从句中作主语、宾语;whom∕whomever指人,在从句中作宾语;whose在从句中作定语;which∕whichever指人或物,在从句中作定语、主语、宾语。

带-ever的连接词意义上有“任何……”之意。

What I want to know is the price of the bike.我想知道的就是自行车的价格。

You can buy whatever you need in the shop.在这家商店你能买到任何你需要的东西。

whoever,whatever,wherever...等引导的从句不仅是句子的语气加强了,而且此类词引导的句子表示让步和泛指的概念,而who,what,where...等引导的句子表示具体的概念。

如: What he said is right.他所说的是对的。

(特指他这次所说的事情)Whatever he said is right.无论他说什么都是对的。

此处,whatever= anything what,表示泛指和让步,意为“无论他说什么”。

Who will do it is not decided.谁去做这件事还没有确定。

(指一次具体的动作)Whoever does it will be punished.无论谁做了这件事,都要受到惩罚。

(此处特别强调“无论是谁”)wh-ever这类词引导名词性从句时,不能用no matter+who∕what∕which...代替。

2.连接副词when,where,why,how等它们有词义,在句中作状语。

when表时间,why表原因,where表地点,how表方式、程度。

九年级英语知识点整理：连接代词连接代词的用法.连接代词主要包括who,whom,what,which,whose,whoever,whatever,whicheve r,whosever等，它们在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语等，主要用于引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句等。

如：Askhimwhichhewants.问他要哪一个。

Thequestioniswhocanhelpus.问题是谁能帮助我们。

whathesayssoundsreasonable.他说的话听起来有道理。

2.关系代词型what的用法。

比较下列两句：Idon'tknowwhatyoulike.我不知道你喜欢什么。

youcangetwhatyoulike.你想要什么就可得到什么。

第一句中的what表示"什么";第二句中的what则具有关系代词的性质，相当于"先行词+关系代词"，表示"…所…的一切事或东西"，如上面第二句的what就相当于everythingthat。

顺便说一句，如第二句这样用的what有时还可后接一个名词。

如：wegavehimwhathelpwecould.我们给了他我们力所能及的帮助。

3.whatever,whoever与whichever的用法：它们可用于引导主语从句和宾语从句，也可用于引导让步状语从句。

如：whoevercomeswillbewelcome.任何人来都欢迎。

whatevershedidwasright.她做的一切都是对的。

whoeveryouare,youcan'tenter.不管你是谁，都不能进去。

whicheversidewins,Ishallbehappy.不管哪边赢，我都会高兴。

所谓连接代词，指的是用于引导名词性从句或不定式的代词。

.引导名词性从句的连接代词：比较常见的有what,which,who,whom,whose,whatever,whoever,whomever ,whichever等。

由疑问词引导的名词性从句由疑问词引导的名词性从句多作主语从句、宾语从句或表语从句，偶尔也作同位语从句。

在作这些从句时，其句型结构应该采用以下两种：1. 疑问词+ 主语+ 谓语动词+ 其他2. 本身是主语的疑问词+ 谓语动词+ 其他不管采用哪种句型，其词序总是正装的，即主语必须位于谓语动词前面。

Eg. What you need is more practice. (主语从句)What is hard is to do good all one’s life and never do anything bad. （主语从句）I can’t imagine when we will be able to travel in space. （从此宾语从句）This reminded me of what he had once told us. （介词宾语从句）The problem is whether robots will be smarter than humans. （表语从句）Scientists have not found answers to the question why there is no life on Mars. （同位语从句）下面从不同的词引导的名词性从句分别作讲解：1．由whoever/whatever/whichever/whomever引导的名词性从句这些词引导的名词性从句相当于带有定语从句的名词词组：whoever=anyone who…“任何……的人”；whomever是whoever的宾格形式whatever=anything that…“任何……的物”whichever=any …that…“任何……的（已知范围内的或上文提到过的）人或物”它们可以用来引导主语从句，例如：Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the light.=Anyone who leaves the room last ought to turn off the light.Whatever he had was seized by the German soldiers.=Anything that he had was seized by the German soldiers.Whichever of you comes in first will receive a prize.=Any one of you who comes in first will receive a prize.这些词还可以用来引导宾语从句，例如：You can just say whatever comes to your mind.=You can just say anything that comes to your mind.Take whichever seat you like.=Take any seat that you like.You may choose whoever/whomever you’d like to go with.=You may choose anyone who you’d like to go with.( 注：whoever在主句中作choose的宾语，在从句中又充当go with的宾语，因此可用宾格的whomever来代替)She would like to make friends with whoever shares her interest.=She would like to make friends with anyone who shares her interest.（注：whoever在主句中作介词with的宾语，但在从句中又充当谓语动词shares的主语，因此不能用whomever代替）关于—ever等词引导让步状语从句的用法可参阅本章第三节“状语从句”。

中考英语知识点：what/whatever; that/what; who/whoever 中考英语知识点：what/whatever; that/what; who/whoever
1）what = the thing which；whatever = anything。

例如：
What you want has been sent here. 你要的动词都送来了。

Whatever you want makes no difference to me. 不管你要什么，跟我没什么关系。

2）who= the person that whoever= anyone who。

例如：
（错）Who breaks the law will be punished.
（错）Whoever robbed the bank is not clear.
（对）Whoever breaks the law will be punished. 王子犯法，与庶民同罪。

（对）Who robbed the bank is not clear. 谁抢了银行还不清楚。

3）that 和what
当that引导定语从句时，通常用作关系代词，而引导名词性从句时，是个不充当任何成分的连接
词。

宾语从句和表语从句中的that常可省略。

What只能引导名词性从句，用作连接代词，作从句的
具体成分，且不能省略。

例如：
I think（that）you will like the stamps. 我想你会喜欢这些邮票的。

What we need is more practice. 我们需要的是更多的实践。

疑问代词用法语法知识疑问代词概说"疑问代词有who(谁，主格)，whom(谁，宾格)，whose(谁的，所有格)，what(什么)和which(哪个，哪些)等。

疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中疑问代词一般都放在句首，并在句中作为某一句子成分。

如：Who is going to speak to us tomorrow?明天谁来跟我们讲话?(who作主语)Who told you so?是谁告诉你的?(who作主语)Whom are you talking about ?你们在说谁?(whom作宾语，但在句首时口语常用who代替whom)Whose umbrella is this ?这是谁的伞?(whose作定语)What is that? 那是什么?(what作表语)What did he say?他说什么?(what作宾语)Which is yours，the blue pen or the redone?蓝笔和红笔哪一支是你的?(which作主语)[注一]关于疑问代词的各种用法，可参看77.70-77.72。

[注二]疑问代词who，what，which等后面加单词ever，可强调语气，表达说话人的各种感情。

如：What ever do you want?你到底想要什么?Who ever is she looking for ?她究竟是在找谁?[注三]which表示在一定范围之内的选择，what则没有这种限制。

如：What do you usually have for lunch?你们午饭通常吃些什么?Which do you like best?你最喜欢哪一个?Which of you comrades come from the Northeast? 你们同志们中间谁是东北人?疑问代词可以引导一个间接疑问句间接疑问句在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语等。

疑问代词本身在间接疑问句中又担任一定的句子成分。

who, whom, whose, which和what的用法1.who, whom, whosewho作主语:who keeps the keys?谁保管那些钥匙?(肯定动词)Who took my gun?谁拿了我的枪?(肯定动词)Who are these boys?这些男孩是谁?(疑问动词)Who, whom作动词宾语:常用英语:Who did you see?你见到谁了?很正式的英语:Whom did the committee appoint?委员会指定了谁?Whose作主语或主语的一部分:Whose car broke down?谁的车子发生了故障?(肯定动词)Whose (books) are these?这些(书)是谁的?(疑问动词)Whose作动词宾语或主语的一部分:Whose umbrella did you borrow?你借了谁的雨伞?2.whichwhich作主语或主语的一部分:which pigeon arrived first?哪一只鸽子先到达的?(肯定动词)Which of them is the eldest?他们中谁的年龄最大?(肯定动词)Which作动词宾语或宾语的一部分:Which hand do you use?你用哪一只手?Which of these dates would you prefer?这几个日期你喜欢哪一个?3.whatwhat作主语或主语的一部分:what caused the explosion?是什么引起爆炸的?(肯定动词)What kind of tree is that?那是哪种树?(肯定动词)What作动词宾语或宾语的一部分:What paper do you read?你经常看什么报纸?What did they eat?他们吃了什么?。

专题10 名词性从句（解析版）Part 1：知识点梳理1.主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句的基本用法；2.易混引导词的辨析；3.名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句的区分。

知识点1基本用法引导词类别常见引导词作用连接代词what, which, who, whose, whom,whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever有词义，在从句中担任主语、表语、宾语、或定语等成分连接副词how, when, where, why, however,whenever, wherever有词义，在从句中担任状语成分从属连词that, whether, if 除that外均有词义，在从句中不担任成分，只起连接作用知识点2 主语从句1. 引导词在复合句中充当主句主语的从句叫作主语从句。

主语从句的常见引导词有：(1)从属连词：that, whether, if(2)连接代词：what, which, who, whose, whom, whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever(3)连接副词：how, when, where, why, however, whenever, wherever2. it作形式主语在通常情况下，that引导主语从句时，常用it作形式主语，而将that从句置于句尾。

用it作形式主语通常有以下四种句型：(1)It＋be＋形容词＋从句：It is necessary that... 有必要……It is important that... 重要的是……It is obvious that... 很明显……(2)It＋be＋过去分词＋从句：It is believed that... 人们相信……It is known to all that... 众所周知……It has been decided that... 已决定……(3)It＋be＋名词(短语)＋从句：It is common knowledge that... ……是常识It is a surprise that... 令人惊奇的是……It is a fact that... 事实是……(4)It＋不及物动词/动词短语＋从句：It appears that... 似乎……It happens that... 碰巧……It occurs to sb. that... 某人突然想起……It doesn’t matter whether... ……没有关系知识点3宾语从句动词+宾语从句I want to know what he has told you.介词+wh-类连接词引导的宾语从句His father is worried about whether he would lose his work.besides/beyond/but/except/that (除了)Have you heard anything beyond that he is ill?Criticism and self-criticism is necessary but that it helps us correct our mistakes.find,feel,think,consider,make,believe等+it+宾语补足语+that 引导的宾语从句I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.hate,enjoy,like,love,dislike,see to等+it+宾语从句I hate it when they talk with their mouths full of food.形容词+宾语从句I’m sure that they can make it.知识点4表语从句1. 引导词在复合句中充当表语的从句叫作表语从句，可接表语从句的连系动词有be, seem, look, sound, taste, feel, remain, appear等。

英文Who、Whom、Whose用法与中文意思！看例句一次搞懂英文Who、Whom、Whose 的用法跟中文意思你都搞懂了吗？Who 常常用做疑问词，表达「…是谁」的意思；Whom 跟 Who 都是关系代名词，前者用来替代受词，而后者则是替代主词。

至于Whose 则是 Who 的所有格。

如果你还不知道Who、Whom、Whose 这三者的用法差异，那就赶快来看这篇英文教学文章吧。

内容目录英文 Who、Whom、Whose 用法与中文意思1.Who 用作疑问句Who 最常用在疑问句里面，用来问别人问题，例如「xxx 是谁？」。

例：Who’s that girl? 那女孩是谁？例：Who’s next? 下一个是谁？例： Who are you? 你是谁？例： Who did you talk to? 你跟谁说话？例： Who did this? 这是谁做的？例：Who’s she? 她是谁？Who 最常用在疑问句里面，用来询问：「xxx是谁」的意思。

2.Who 用在名词子句Who 也可以用在名词子句里面唷。

名词子句通常是用that，或是疑问词（what、who、where、when、why、which、whose），又或者是if 跟 weather所带出的句子。

例：I don’t know who took your money. 我不知道谁偷了你的钱。

上面这个句子，[who took your money] 是名词子句。

例：I don’t know who she is. 我不知道她是谁。

上面这个句子，「who she is」是名词子句。

关于名词子句的完整用法可以参考下面文章。

3.Who 用在形容词子句Who 不只可以用在名词子句，还可以用在形容词子句。

名词子句是将某个句子变成名词，塞进去另外一个句子里面，而形容词子句观念则不同喔，形容词子句是用来形容另外一个句子中的某个名词。

例：I don’t know the person who took your money. 我不知道偷了你的钱的这个人。

疑问代词知识点总结一、 who/whom/whose的用法1. who用来询问人，作主语或宾语。

例如：Who is at the door?She asked who was coming.2. whom用来询问人，作宾语。

例如：Whom did you meet yesterday?The man whom you were talking to is my boss.3. whose用来询问某人所有的东西，无论是人或物。

例如：Whose car is this?Do you know whose book this is?二、 what/which的用法1. what用来询问事物，作主语或宾语。

例如：What is your name?I wonder what he wants.2. which用来询问从一定范围内取舍的事物，作主语或宾语。

例如：Which color do you prefer?The book which I bought yesterday is very interesting.三、 how的用法1. how用来询问方式、方法、手段等，作状语或宾语。

例如：How do you study English?I don’t know how he did it.疑问代词的用法总结：1. 疑问代词who/whom/whose用来询问人，作主语或宾语。

2. 疑问代词what/which用来询问事物，作主语或宾语。

3. 疑问代词how用来询问方式、方法、手段等，作状语或宾语。

需要注意的是，疑问代词用来引导疑问句，根据句子结构和语境不同，疑问代词可能作为主语、宾语或状语，我们要根据具体情况选择合适的疑问代词。

举例说明：1. Who is that girl standing there?（那个站在那儿的女孩是谁？）在这个句子中，who作主语，用来询问人。

2. What do you want to eat for dinner?（晚饭你想吃什么？）what作宾语，用来询问事物。