高英(2)paraphrase复习资料

ParaphraseLesson One1.We’re elevated 23 feet.-Our house has been raised by 23 feet in comparison with the past.2.The place has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever bothered it.-The house has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever caused any damage to it.3.We can batten down and ride it out.-We can make the necessary preparations and survive the hurricane without much damage.4.The generator was doused, and the lights went out.-Water got into the generator and put it out. It stopped producing electricity, so the lights also went out.5.Everybody out the back door to the cars!6.The electrical systems had been killed by water.-The electrical systems in the car had been put out by water.7.John watched the water lap at the steps, and felt a crushing guilt.-As John watched the water inch its way up the steps, he felt a strong sense of guilt because he blamed himself for endangering the whole family by deciding not to flee inland.8.Get up through this mess, will You?-Oh God, please help us to get through this storm safely.9.She carried on alone for a few bars; then her voice trailed away.-Grandmother Koshak sang a few words alone and the her voice gradually grew dimmer and stopped.10.Janis had just one delayed reaction.-Janis displayed rather late the exhaustion brought about by the nervous tension cause by the hurricane.Lesson Three11.And it is an activity only for humans.-And conversation is an activity which is found only among human beings (animals and birds are not capable of conversation).12.Conversation is not for making a point.-Conversation is not for persuading others to accept our ideas or point of view. In a conversation we should not try to establish the force of an idea or argument.13.In fact, the best conversationalists are those who are prepared to lose.-In a fact a person who really enjoys and is skilled at conversation will not argue to win or force others to accept his point of view.14.Bar friends are not deeply involved in each other’s lives.-People who meet each other for a drink in the bar of a pub are not intimate friends for they are not deeply absorbed or engrossed in each other’s lives.15.…it could still go ignorantly on…-The conversation could go on without anybody knowing who was right or wrong.16.There are cattle in the fields, but we sit down to beef (boeuf).-These animals are called cattle when they are alive and feeding in the fields; but when we sit down at the table to eat, we call their meat beef. The words “beef”comes from the French word “boeuf.”17.The new ruling class had built a cultural barrier against him by building theirFrench against his own language.-The new ruling class by using French instead of English made it difficult for the English to accept or absorb the culture of the rulers.18. English had come royally into its own.-The English language received proper recognition and was used by the king once more.19. The phrase has always been used a little pejoratively and even facetiously by thelower -classes.20. The rebellion against cultural dominance is still there.-There still exists in the working people, as in the early Saxon peasants, a spirit of opposition to the cultural authority of the ruling class.21. There is always great danger that “word will harden into things for us.”-There is always a great danger that we might forget that words are only symbols and take them for things they are supposed to represent.22. Even with the most educated and the most literate, the King’s English slips andslides in conversation.-Even the most educated and literate people use non-standard, informal, colloquial English rather than standard, formal English in their conversation.Lesson Four23. And yet the same revolutionary belief for which our forebears fought is still atissue around the globe, the belief that the rights of man come not from the generosity of the state but from the hand of God.-Our ancestors fought a revolutionary war to maintain that all men were created equal and God had given them certain unalienable rights which no state or ruler could take away from them. But today this issue has not yet been decided in many countries around the world.24. This much we pledge—and more.-This much we promise to do and we promise to do more.25. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures. Divided,there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder.-Bond together we can accomplish a lot of things in the variety of joint ventures.Divided, we can do nothing because we cannot deal with the strong threat in disagreement and split apart.26. But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers.-We will not allow any enemy country to subvert this peaceful revolution which brings hope of progress to all our countries.27. Our last best hope in an age where the instruments of war have far outpaced theinstruments of peace.-The United Nations is our last and best hope of survival in an age where theinstruments of war have far surpassed and exceeded the instruments of peace. 28. …to enlarge the area in which its writ may run…-29. …before the dark powers of destruction unleashed by science engulf all humanityin planned or accidental self-destruction….-before the terrible forces of destruction, which science can now release, overwhelm mankind; before this self-destruction, which may be planned or brought about by an accident, takes place.30. …yet both racing to alter that uncertain balance of terror that stays the hand ofmankind’s final war.-Yet both groups of nations are trying to change as quickly as possible this uncertain balance of terrible military power which restrains each group from launching mankind’s final war.31. So let us begin anew, remembering on both sides that civility is not a sign ofweakness,…-So let us start once again (to discuss and negotiate) and let us remember that being polite is not a sign of weakness.32. Let both sides seek to invoke the wonders of science instead of its terrors.-Let both sides try to call forth the wonderful things that science can do for mankind instead of the rightful things it can do. Let both sides try to use science to produce good and beneficial things for man instead of employing it to bring frightful destruction.33. …each generation of Americans has been summoned to give testimony to itsnational loyalty.-Americans of every generation have been called upon to prove their loyalty to their country (by fighting and dying for their country’s cause).34. With a good conscience our only sure reword, with history the final judge of ourdeeds, let us go forth to lead the land we love, asking His blessing and His help, but knowing that here on earth God’s work must truly be our own.-With God’s blessing and help, let us start leading the country we love. Knowing that on earth we must do what God want us to do. Let history finally judge whether we have done our task well or not but our sure reward will be a good conscience, for we will have worked sincerely and do the best of our ability. Lesson Seven35. …boy and man, I had been through it often before.-As a boy and later when I was a grown-up man, I had often traveled through the region.36. But somehow I had never quite sensed its appalling desolation.-But somehow in the past I never really perceived how shocking and wretched this whole region was.37. and here was a scene so dreadfully hideous, so intolerably bleak and forlorn that itreduced the whole aspiration of man to a macabre and depressing joke.-The scene that we met the eye was terribly ugly and the whole region was so miserable and gloomy that it was unbearable. This dreadful scene (in a regionwhich produces through its industry the wealth to make American the richest and grandest nation) makes all human endeavors to advance and improve their lot appear as a ghastly, saddening joke.38. The country itself is not uncomely, despite the grime of the endless mills.-The country itself is pleasant to look at, despite the sooty dirt spread by the innumerable mills in this region.39. They have taken as their model a brick set on end.-The model they followed in building their houses was a brick standing upright.All the houses they built looked like bricks standing upright.40. This they have converted into a thing of dingy clapboards, with a narrow,low-pitched roof.-These brick-like houses were made of shabby, thin wooden boards and their roofs were narrow and had little slope.41. When it has taken on the patina of the mills it is the color of an egg long past allhope or caring.-When the brick is covered with the black soot of the mills it takes on the color ofa rotten egg.42. Red brick, even in a steel town, ages with some dignity.-Red brick, even in a steel town, looks quite respectable with the passing of time.Even in a steel town, old red bricks still appear pleasing to the eye.43. I award this championship only after laborious research and incessant prayer.-I have given Westmoreland the highest award for ugliness after having done a lot of hard work and research and after continuous praying. I came to the conclusion that Westmoreland had the most loathsome towns and villages only after visiting and comparing many places not only in the United States but also in other countries and after constantly praying to God for guidance.44. They show grotesqueries of ugliness that, in retrospect, become masterpieces ofhorror.-They show such fantastic and bizarre ugliness that, in looking back, they become almost fiendish and wicked. When one looks back at these houses whose ugliness is so fantastic and bizarre one feels they must be the work of the devil himself. 45. It is incredible that mere ignorance should have achieved such masterpieces ofhorror.-It is hard to believe that people people built such horrible houses just because they did not know what beautiful houses were like.46. On certain levels of the American race, indeed, there seems to be a positive libidofor the ugly, as on other and less Christian levels there is a libido for the beautiful.-People in certain strata of American society seem definitely to hunger after ugly things; while in other less Christian strata, people seem to long for things beautiful.47. They meet, in some unfathomable way, its obscure and unintelligible demands.-These ugly designs, in some way that people cannot understand, satisfy the hidden and unintelligible demands of its type of mind.48. …they made it perfect in their own sight by putting a completely impossiblepenthouse, painted a staring yellow, on top of it.-They put a penthouse on top of it, painted in a bright, conspicuous yellow color and thought it looked perfect but they only managed to make it absolutely intolerable.49. Out of the melting pot emerges a race which hates beauty as it hates truth.-From the intermingling of different nationalities and races in the United States emerges the American race which hates beauty as strongly as it hates truth. Lesson Eight50. However primitive and simple his method of work may be, by the very fact ofproduction, he has risen above the animal kingdom; rightly has he been defined as “the animal that produces”.-To whatever degree primitive and simple his method of work may be, because of the fact itself that man produces, he has developed to a much higher level than all the other animals; so man has been correctly and justifiably defined as the animal that makes and manufactures things.51. Work is also his liberator from nature, his creator as a social and independentbeing.-Work also sets man free from nature and makes him into a social being independent of nature.52. Whether we think of the beautiful paintings in the caves of Southern France, theornaments on weapons among primitive people, the statues and temples of Greece, the cathedrals of the Middle Ages, the chairs and tables made by skilled craftsmen, or the cultivation of flowers, trees or corn by peasants--all are expressions of the creative transformation of nature by man’s reason and skill.-Every kind of work (utilitarian and artistic), no matter when it was done or who did it, provides an example of man applying his intelligence and his skill to change nature creatively.53. There is no split of work and play, or work and culture.-The worker finds pleasure in his work and through work he also develops his mind. Therefore, pleasure and work go together and so does the cultural development of the worker and his work.54. Work became the chief factor in a system of “innerworldly asceticism,” an answerto man’s sense of aloneness and isolation.-Work became, according to Weber, the chief element in a system that preached an austere and self-denying way of life. Work was the only thing that soothed those who felt alone and isolated because of this ascetic life.55. Work has become alienated from the working person.-Work has been separated from the worker and the worker is not interested in it at all. Instead, he feels estranged from it or hostile to it.56. Work is a means of getting money, not in itself a meaningful human activity.-Work helps the worker to earn some money; except this it is not an activity with much significance.57. because a pay check is not enough to base one’s self-respect on.-because just earning some money is not enough for a worker to establish hisself-respect.58. …most industrial psychologists are mainly concerned with the manipulation of theworker’s psyche.-Most industrial psychologists are mainly trying to manage and control the worker’s mind.59. It is going to pay off in cold dollars and cents to management,…-Better relations with the public will yield large profits to management.60. But this usefulness often serves only as a rationalization for the appeal to completepassivity and receptivity.-The fact that many gadgets are indeed useful is often used by advertisers as a mere “high-minded” cover for the real, vulgar appeal to idleness and submissiveness.61. …he has a feeling of fraudulency about his product and a secret contempt for it.-The businessman gets the knowledge that the quality of his product doesn’t match what it should be. Conscious of the deception involved, he despises the goods he produces.Lesson Ten62. The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to themiddle-aged and curious questionings by the young.-At the very mention of the Twenties, middle-aged people begin to recall it longingly and young people become curious and begin to ask questions about it. 63. The rejection of Victorian gentility was, in any case, inevitable.-Anyway, it was inevitable for American to discard Victorian gentility which upheld the middle-class respectability and affected refinement characteristic of Victorian England.64. The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian socialstructure,…-The war only helped to speed up the collapse of the Victorian social structure. 65. But at the same time it was tempted, in American at least, to escape itsresponsibilities and retreat behind an air of naughty alcoholic sophistication and a pose of Bohemian immorality.-But at the same time, in America at least, the young people are strongly disposed to escape their responsibilities. They pretend to be worldly-wise and disregard conventional standards of behavior, drinking and breaking the traditional morality naughtily.66. Prohibition afforded the young the additional opportunity of making theirpleasures illicit,…-The young people found more pleasure in drinking because Prohibition made it a kind of adventure.67. …our young men began to enlist under foreign flags.-Our young men joined the foreign armies to fight in the war.68. …they “wanted to get into the fun before the whole thing turned belly up”.-they wanted to take part in the adventure of war before it ended.69. …they had outgrown towns and families…-they could not adapt themselves to life in their hometowns and families anymore.70. … the returning veteran also had to face the sodden, Napoleonic cynicism ofVersailles, the hypocritical do-goodism of Prohibition, and the smug patriotism of the war profiteers.-the returning veterans also had to face the stupid cynicism shown by the victorious allies in Versailles who acted just like Napoleon once did. They had to face Prohibition through which the lawmakers hypocritically expected to do good to the people. And they also had to face the self-content patriotic air of the war profiteers.71. Something in the tension-ridden youth of America had to “give”…-Under this pressure something in the young people, who were already very tense, had to break down.72. After the war, it was only natural that hopeful young writers, their minds and pensinflamed against war, Babbittry, and “Puritanical” gentility, should flock to the traditional artistic center…-After the war, it was only natural the promising young writers whose thoughts and writings extremely opposed war, Babbittry and “Puritanical” gentility, should come in great numbers to live in the Greenwich Village, the traditional artistic center.73. Each town had its “fast” set which prided itself on its unconventionality,…-Each town was proud that it had a group of wild unconventional people.。

第二课1.The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelictbuilding-lot.The burying-ground is nothing more than a huge piece of wasteland full of mounds of earth looking like a deserted and abandoned piece of land on which a building was going to be put up.2.All colonial empires are in reality founded upon that fact.All the imperialists build up their empires by treating the people in the colonies like animals (by not treating the people in the colonies as human beings).3.They rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sinkback into the nameless mounds of the graveyard.They are born. Then for a few years they work, toil and starve. Finally they die and are buried in graves without a name.4. A carpenter sits crosslegged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chair-legs at lightningspeed.Sitting with his legs crossed and using a very old-fashioned lathe, a carpenter quickly gives a round shape to the chair-legs he is making.5.Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews. Immediately from their dark hole-like cells everywhere a great number of Jews rushed out wildly excited.6.every one of them looks on a cigarette as a more or less impossible luxury.Every one of these poor Jews looked on the cigarette as a piece of luxury which they could not possibly afford.7.Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.However, a white-skinned European is always quite noticeable.8.In a tropical landscape one’s eye takes in everything except the human beings.If you take a look at the natural scenery in a tropical region, you see everything but the human beings.9.No one would think of running cheap trips to the Distressed Areas.No one would think of organizing cheap trips for the tourists to visit the poor slum areas(for these trips would not be interesting).10.For nine-tenths of the people the reality of life is an endless, backbreaking struggleto wring a little food out of an eroded soil. Life is very hard for ninety percent of the people. With hard backbreaking toil they can produce a little food on the poor soil.11.She accepted her status as an old woman, that is to say as a beast of burden.She took it for granted that as an old woman she was the lowest in the community, that she was only fit for doing heavy work like an animal.12.People with brown skins are next door to invisible.People with brown skins are almost invisible.13.The splendid bodies were hidden in reach-me-down khaki uniformsThe Senegales soldiers were wearing ready—made khaki uniforms which hid their beautiful well—built bodies.14.How long before they turn their guns in the other direction?How much longer before they turn their guns around and attack us?15.Every white man there had this thought stowed somewhere or other in his mind. Every white man, the onlookers, the officers on their horses and the white N. C. Os.marching with the black soldiers, had this thought hidden somewhere or other in his mind.第三课1.And it is an activity only of humans.And conversation is an activity which is found only among human beings. (Animals and birds are not capable of conversation.)2.Conversation is not for making a point.Conversation is not for persuading others to accept our idea or point of view.3.In fact, the best conversationalists are those who are prepared to lose.In fact a person who really enjoys and is skilled at conversation will not argue to win or force others to accept his point of view.4.Bar friends are not deeply involved in each other’s lives.People who meet each other for a drink in the bar of a pub are not intimate friends for they are not deeply absorbed or engrossed in each other’s lives.5.It could still go ignorantly on.The conversation could go on without anybody knowing who was right or wrong.6.There are cattle in the fields, but we sit down to beef.These animals are called cattle when they are alive and feeding in the fields; butwhen we sit down at the table to eat. We call their meat beef.7.The new ruling class had built a cultural barrier against him by building their Frenchagainst his own language.The new ruling class by using French instead of English made it difficult for the English to accept or absorb the culture of the rulers.8.English had come royally into its own.The English language received proper recognition and was used by the King once more.9.The phrase has always been used a little pejoratively and even facetiously by thelower classed.The phrase, the King’s English, has always been used disrespectfully and jokingly by the lower classes. The working people very often make fun of the proper and formal language of the educated people.10.Te rebellion against a cultural dominance is still here.There still exists in the working people, as in the early Saxon peasants, a spirit of opposition to the cultural authority of the ruling class.11.There is always a great danger that “words will harden into things for us.”There is always a great danger that we might forget that words are only symbols and take them for things they are supposed to represent．For example，the word “dog” is a symbol representing a kind of animal. We mustn’t regard the word “dog” as being the animal itself.12.Even with the most educated and the most literate, the King’s English slips andslides in conversation.Even the most educated and literate people do not use standard, formal English all the time in their conversation.第四课1.And yet the same revolutionary beliet for which our forebears fought is still at issuearound the globe.Our ancestors fought a revolutionary war to maintain that all men were created equal and God had given them certain unalienable rights which no state or ruler could take away from them. But today this issue has not yet been decided in many countries around the world. 2.This much we pledge---and more.This much we promise to do and we promise to do more.3.United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures.United and working together we can accomplish a lot of things in a great number of joint undertakings.4.But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers.We will not allow any enemy country to subvert this peaceful revolution which brings hope of progress to all our countries.5.Our last best hope in an age where the instruments of war have far outpaced theinstruments of peace.The United Nations is our last and best hope of survival in an age where the instruments of war have far surpassed the instruments of peace.6.To enlarge the area in which its writ may run.We pledge to help the United Nations enlarge the area in which its authority and mandate would continue to be in effect or in force.7.Before the dark powers of destruction unleashed by science engulf all humanity inplanned or accidental self-destruction.Before the terrible forces of destruction, which science can now release, overwhelm mankind; before this self-destruction, which may be planned or brought about by an accident, takes place8.Yet both racing to alter that uncertain balance of terror that stays the hand ofmankind’s final war.Yet both groups of nations are trying to change as quickly as possible this uncertain balance of terrible military power which restrains each group from launching mankind's final war.9.So let us begin anew, remembering on both sides that civility is not a sign ofweakness.So let us start once again (to discuss and negotiate) and let us remember that being polite is not a sign of weakness.10.Let both sides seek to invoke the wonders of science instead of its terrors.Let both sides try to call forth the wonderful things that science can do for mankind instead of the frightful things it can do.11.Each generation of American has been summoned to give testimony to its nationalloyalty.Americans of every generation have been called upon to prove their loyalty to their country (by fighting and dying for their country's cause).12.With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of ourdeeds, let us go forth to lead the land we love.Let history finally judge whether we have done our task welt or not, but our sure reward will be a good con-science for we will have worked sincerely and to the best of our ability.第七课1.Boy and man, I had been through it often before.As a boy and later when I was a grown-up man, I had of- ten travelled through the region.2.But somehow I had never quite sensed its appalling desolation.But somehow in the past I never really perceived how shocking and wretched this whole region was.3.It reduced the whole aspiration of man to a macabre and depressing joke.This dreadful scene makes all human endeavors to advance and improve their lot appear as a ghastly, saddening joke.4.The country itself is not uncomely, despite the grime of the endless mills.The country itself is pleasant to look at, despite the sooty dirt spread by the innumerable mills in this region.5.They have taken as their model a brick set on end.The model they followed in building their houses was a brick standing upright. / All the houses they built looked like bricks standing upright.6.This they have converted into a thing of dingy clapboards, with a narrow,low-pitched roof.These brick-like houses were made of shabby, thin wooden boards and their roofs were narrow and had little slope.7.When it has taken on the patina of the mills it is the color of an egg long past allhope or caring.When the brick is covered with the black soot of the mills it takes on the color of a rotten egg. 8.Red brick, even in a steel town, ages with some dignity.Red brick, even in a steel town, looks quite respectable with the passing of time. / Even in a steel town, old red bricks still appear pleasing to the eye.9.I award this championship only after laborious research and incessant prayer.I have given Westmoreland the highest award for ugliness after having done a lot of hard work and research and after continuous praying.10.They show grotesqueries of ugliness that, in retrospect, become almost diabolical. They show such fantastic and bizarre ugliness that, in looking back, they become almost fiendish and wicked./ When one looks back at these houses whose ugliness is so fantastic and bizarre, one feels they must be the work of the devil himself.11.It is incredible that mere ignorance should have achieved such masterpieces ofhorror.It is hard to believe that people built such horrible houses just because they did not know what beautiful houses were like.12.On certain levels of the American race, indeed, there seems to be a positive libidofor the ugly.People in certain strata of American society seem definitely to hunger after ugly things; while in other less Christian strata, people seem to long for things beautiful. 13.They meet, in some unfathomable way, its obscure and unintelligible demands. These ugly designs, in some way that people cannot understand, satisfy the hidden and unintelligible demands of this type of mind.14.They made it perfect in their own sight by putting a completely impossiblepenthouse, painted a staring yellow, on top of it.They put a penthouse on top of it, painted in a bright, conspicuous yellow color and thought it looked perfect but they only managed to make it absolutely intolerable. 15.Out of the melting pot emerges a race which hates beauty as it hates truth.From the intermingling of different nationalities and races in the United States emerges the American race which hates beauty as strongly as it hates truth．。

WordsLesson One Face to Face with Hurricane Camile词汇:lash (v.): move quickly or violently猛烈冲击;拍打pummel (n.): beat or hit with repeated blows,esp．with the fist(尤指用拳头)连续地打course (n.): a way of behaving;mode 0f conduct行为;品行;做法demolish (v.): pull down．tear down,or smash to pieces (a building,etc．),destroy:ruin拉倒;打碎;拆毁;破坏;毁灭motel (n.):a hotel intended primarily for those traveling by car, usually with direct access from each room to an area for cars汽车游客旅馆gruff (adj.): rough or surly in manner or speech;harsh and throaty;hoarse粗暴的,粗鲁的;粗哑的。

嘶哑的batten (n.): fasten with battens用压条钉住(或固定)mattress (n.): a casing of strong cloth or other fabric filled with cotton,hair,foam rubber,etc．床垫;褥子pane (n.):a single division of a window,etc.,consisting of a sheet of glass in a frame;such a sheet of glass窗格;窗玻璃disintegrate (v.): separate into parts or fragments; break up;disunite 分裂,分解,裂成碎块douse (n.): plunge or thrust suddenly into liquid;drench; pour liquid over把…浸入液体里;使浸透;brigade (n.): a group of people organized to function. unit in some work(组织起来执行某种任务的)队ferocity (n.): wild force or cruelty;ferociousness凶猛;凶恶,残忍;暴行swipe (n.):a hard,sweeping blow[口]猛击,重击maroon (av.): leave abandoned,isolated,or helpless使处于孤立无援的处境devastate (nv.): destroy;lay waste;make desolate毁坏,摧毁;使荒芜swath (n.): the space or width covered with one cut of a scythe or other mowing device刈幅(挥动镰刀所及面积)huddle (v.): crowd,push,or nestle close together。

Lesson 1 Face to Face with Hurricane CamilleParaphrase1)We are elevated 23 feet. (Para 3)We' re 23 feet above sea level.2) The place has been there since 1915, and no hurricane has ever bothered it. (Para3)The house has been safe since 1915, and no hurricane has ever caused any damage to it.3) We can batten down and ride it out. (Para 4)We can get ourselves ready and survive the hurricane.4) The generator was doused, and the lights went out. (Para 9)The generator was put it out by the water and the lights were extinguished.5). Everybody out the back door to the cars! (Para 10)Everybody go out through the back door and goes into the cars.6). The electrical systems had been killed by water. (Para 11)The electrical systems had been extinguished by water.7). John watched the water lap at the steps, and felt a crushing guilt.(Para17)John watched the water wash against the steps, as a result, he felt a strong sense of guilt.8). Get us through this mess, will you?(Para 17)Oh God, please help us survive the hurricane.9). She carried on alone for a few bars; then her voice trailed away. (Para21) Grandmother sang a few words alone and then her singing faded away.10). Ianis had just one delayed reaction. (para34)Janis showed rather late the psychological damage from the hurricane.Explain words1. since the water mains might be damaged (Para 5) :main pipes2.sit out the storm with the Koshaks (Para 6):wait until the storm is over3. another neighbor came by on his way inland (Para 6):(A English) pay a visit4. the French doors in an upstairs room blew in (Para 8) :burst open5. the generator was doused (Para 9):put out6.The electrical systems had been killed by water (Para 11)：doused, put out and extinguished7.It devastated everything in it swath (Para 19)：sweep / track8.She carried on a few bars (Para21 )：a measure in music9. make it 1ean—to against the wind (Para 25): shed10. and he pitched in with Seabees in the worst volunteer work of all (Para33)：short for Construction BattalionLesson 2 MarrakechParaphrase1.The burying--ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict building-lot. (para 2)The burying-ground is just a huge piece of wasteland full of mounds of earth, looking like a deserted construction land.2. All colonial empires are in reality founded upon that fact. (Para 3)All colonial empires are built by exploiting the local people.3. They rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard. (Para 3)They are born. Then they work hard without enough food for a few years. Finally they die and are buried in the hills graves without any mark to identify them.4. A carpenter sits crosslegged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chair-legs at lighting speed. (Para 9)A carpenter sits crossing his legs at an old-fashioned lathe, making round chair-legs very fast.5. Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews. (Para 10) Immediately, Jews rushed out of their dark hole-like rooms nearby in a frenzy madness.6.every one of them looks on a cigarette as a more or less impossible luxury.(para 10)Every one of these Jews considers the cigarette as a somewhat piece of luxury which they can not possibly afford.7. Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous. (Para 16)However, a white-skinned European is easy to notice in a fair way.8. In a tropical landscape one’s eye takes in everything except the human being. (para 16) Against the background of a tropical landscape, people could notice everything but they cannot see local people.9. No one would think of running cheap trips to the Distressed Areas.(Para 17)No one would propose the cheap trips to the slums．10．...for nine-tenths of the people the reality of life is an endless, back-breaking struggle to wring a little food out of an eroded soil. (Para17)The real life of nine-tenths of the people is that there is no end to their extremely hard work in order to get a little food from an eroded soil．11. She accepted her status as an old woman, that is to say as a beast of burden. (Para 19)She took it for granted that as an old woman she should work like an animal．12.People with brown skins are next door to invisible. (Para 12 )People who have brown skins are almost invisible．13. Their splendid bodies were hidden in reach-me-down khaki uniforms... (Para23)The soldiers wore second—hand khaki uniforms which covered their beautiful well—built bodies．14. How long before they turn their guns in the other direction?(Para 25)How long will it take for them to attack us?15. Every white man there had this thought stowed somewhere or other in his mind. (Para 26)It is certain that every white man realized this.Explain words1. wailing a short chant over and over again. (Para2)words repeated in a monotonous tone of voice2. an Arab navvy working on the path nearby (Para 6)unskilled laborer3.he stowed it gratefully (para 7)stored4.his left leg is warped out of shape ( para 9)curved，or twisted, distored5. as the Jews live in a self-contained community ( para 11)self—sufficient6. the plough is a wretched wooden thing(para 18)poor in quality7. all of them are mummified with age and the sun(para 19)thin and withered like a mummy8. Their splendid bodies were hidden in reach-me-down khaki uniforms.(para 23)second—hand or ready—made9. so had the officers on their sweating charger(para 26)：a horse ridden in battle or on paradeLesson Three Pub Talk and the King’s EnglishParaphrase1．And it is an activity only of humans. (para 1)And it is a human unique activity．2．Conversation is not for making a point.(Para 2)Conversation is not to convince others．3．In fact, the best conversationalists are those who are prepared to be lose.(para 2).In fact, the best conversationalists are those who are willing to be lose.4．Bar friends are not deeply involved in each other’s lives. (para 3)Bar friends are not deeply concerned with each other’s private lives.5．...it could still go ignorantly on...(para 6)The conversation could go on without anybody knowing who was right or wrong．6. There are cattle in the field, but we sit down to beef.(para 9)These animals are called cattle in English, when they are alive and feeding in the fields；but when we sit down at the table to eat, we call their meat beef in French．7. The new ruling class had built a cultural barrier against him by building their French against his own language.(para 11)The new ruling class had caused the cultural contradictions between the ruling class and native English by regarding French superior to English.8．English had come royally into its own. (para 13)English had gained recognition by the King．9．The phrase has always been used a little pejoratively and even facetiously by the lower classes. (para 15)The phrase, the king’s English has always been used disrespectfully and made fun by the lowerclasses.10.The rebellion against a cultural dominance is still there. (para 15)There is still opposition to cultural monopoly.11. There is always a great danger that“words will harden into things for us”(para 16)We tend to make the mistake that we regard the things as they represent.12．Even with the most educated and the most literate, the King’s English slips and slides in conversation. (para 18)Even the most educated and literated people will not always use the formal English in their conversation．Explain Words1. their marriage may be on the rocks (para 3) :in a condition of ruin2．they get out of bed on the wrong side (para 3) :had a bad temper3．the conversation was on wings(para 8) :going on4．the Norman lords of course turned up their nose at it (para 10)：scorned5. we ought to think ourselves back into the shoes of Saxon peasant (para 11) metaphor in the position of6. English had come into its own (para 13)：gain its recognition7．We sit up at the vividness of the phrase (para18)：(colloquial) show interest inLesson Four Inaugural AddressParaphrase1.And yet the same revolutionary belief for which our forebears fought is still at issue around the globe...(para 2)And yet the same revolutionary belief which is the aim of our ancestors is still in dispute around the world.2. This much we pledge--and more. (para 5)This much we promise to do and we promise to do more.3. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures. (para 6)If we are united, there is almost nothing we can not do through a lot of cooperation.4. But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers. (para9)But this peaceful revolution which can bring hope in a peaceful way can not fall victims to enemy country.5. .... Our last best hope in an age where the instruments of war have far outpaced the instruments of pace... (para 10)The United Nations is our last and best hope in the era where means of launching war have far surpassed means of keeping peace.6. ...to enlarge the area in which its writ may run...(para 10)to increase the area where the UN’s written documents may be effective.7....before the dark powers of destruction unleashed by science engulf all humanity in planned or accidental self-destruction...(para 11)before the evil atom weapon made possible by science destroy all human beings in a planned way or by accident.8...yet both racing to alter that uncertain balance of terror that stays the hand of mankind’s final war... (para 13)However both trying to change that unstable balance of weapons and this balance of weapons could prevent human beings from launching their final war.9. So let us begin anew, remembering on both sides that civility is not a sign of weakness.... (para 14) So let us begin once again to realize that politeness does not mean weakness.10. Let both sides seek to invoke the wonders of science instead of its terrors. (para17 )I suggest both sides try to use science to make wonders for human beings rather than terrors.11. ...each generation of Americans has been summoned to give testimony to its national loyalty. (para 21)There are Americans from every generation who answer the call of the country to prove their loyalty to the country.12. With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds, let us go forth to lead the land we love... (para 27)Our certain reward is our good conscience and history will judge our deeds, therefore, let us try to be pioneers in building our beloved country.Explain words1. the same solemn oath our forebears prescribed nearly a century and three--quarter ago (para 1): laid down2. for man holds in his mortal hands the power (para 2):of man3.is still at issue around the globe (para 2) :in dispute4.disciplined by a hard and bitter peace (para 3):trained in self-control5.to which we are committed today ( para 3):devoted6.to witness or permit the slow undoing of these human rights (para 3):abolishing7.we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder(para 6):in dispute; apart from each other in position8.to be replaced by a far more iron tyranny (para 7):cruel9.struggling to break the bounds of mass misery:chains10.to prevent it from becoming merely a forum for invective (para 10):insulting11.to enlarge the area in which its writ may run (para 10):written documents; be effective12．that stays the hand of mankind’s final war (para 13)：restrains; prevents13．t ap the ocean depths (para 17)：draw a supply from14．not as a call to bear arms ... but a call to bear the burden of a long twilight struggle (para 22)：carry; shoulder, take onLesson Five Love Is a FallacyExplain words1.that logic, far from being a dry, pedantic discipline. (para 3)a branch of learning2.my brain was as powerful as a dynamo.(para 4)generator3.pausing in my flight (para 8)running away4.when the Charleston came back (para 11)a lovely dance5.They shed. (para 16) lose hair6.Don’t you want to be in the swim? (para 17) in fashion7.I would be out in practice...(para 24) professional business8.She was not yet of pin-up proportions(para25 ) something fasten to wall9.She already had the makings(para 25) qualities10.She had an erectness of carriage, an ease of bearing..... (para 26)physical posture way of carrying head and body; way of carrying oneself11.are you going steady... (para30 ) dating12.I deposited her at the girl’s dormitory.... (para 97) putwyers have briefs to guild them (para 105)a concise statement of the main points of a low case14.hammering away without let-up (para 123) stoppingLesson Six Disappearing Through the SkylightParaphrase1.Science is committed to the universal.(para1)Science is intended to be understood and accepted by scientists all.2. The Fiesta appears to have sunk without a trace. (para 5)The Fiesta seems to disappear completely.3. It was the automotive equivalent of the International Style. (para 5)It was the realization of international style in automobile.4.As in architecture, so in auto making. (para 6)What is happening in architecture is happening in auto making.5. No longer quite an individual, no longer quite the product of a unique geography and culture(para7) Individualism is disappearing and it is no longer unique to a certain region of culture.6. The price he pays is that he no longer has a home in the traditional sense of the world. (para 7)The cost for man is that man’s home no longer has a traditional meaning.7. The benefit is that he begins to suspect home in the traditional sense is another name for limitations....(para 7)The advantage is that man begins to know that home with traditional meaning limits his development.8. The universalizing imperative of technology is irresistable.(para 8)The generalizing peremptory of technology cannot be resisted.9. ...when every artist thought he owed it to himself to turn his back on the Eiffel Tower, as a protest against the architectural blasphemy... (para9 )When every artist thought it was his duty to show his contempt for and objection to the Eiffel Tower which they considered an irreverent architectural structure.10. a mobile, extra human plasticity which was absolutely new... (para 9)A versatile superior human capacity which was absolutely different from traditions.11. It has thus undermined an article of faith: the thingliness of things. (para 11)Science denies a basic belief that the world is composed of things that we can touch.12.That, perhaps, establishes the logical limit of the modern aesthetic. (para 19)That perhaps confirms what the modern aesthetic can do based on logical reasoning.Explain words1.makes the world look ever more homogeneous (para 2)similar2.experience it as a sameness rather than a diversity (para 2)difference3. but if it is important to the efficiency or economics of automobiles (para 3 )things related to the economy or money savings4.but universally regarded as an asset (para 3)valuable things5. He begins to suspect home in the traditional sense. (para 7)suppose6. B arring the catastrophe of nuclear war... (para 8 )excepting7. as a protest against the architectural blasphemy (para 9)irreverence8. machines soon generated propositions which evaded all tradition (para 9)statement9.a mobile, extra human plasticity which was absolutely new. (para 9) superior10.it has produced images of orders of reality (para 10) laws; systems11. produced images that are pure artifacts (para 10) products of artificial characters of human beings12. the lacy weavings of circuits etched on silicon (para 14) silicon chip13.the Tinkertory complications of truss and geodesic domes and lunar landers (para 14)bracket for supporting; domes made of light straight structural elementsLesson Seven Libido for the UglyParaphrase1. ...boy and man, I had been through it often before. (para 1)As a boy and later as an adult, I often traveled through this place..2. But somehow I had never quite sensed its appalling desolation. (para 1)But for some reason, I didn’t realize/perceive this place was horribly wretched.3. ...it reduced the whole aspiration of man to macabre and depressing joke. (para 1)This place would make human beings’s aspiration like a ghastly and discouraging joke.4. The country itself is not uncomely, despite the grime of the endless mills. (para 3)This place is pleasant to look at, despite the soot from the numerous factories.5. They have taken as their model a brick set on end. (para 3)The model they adopted in building their houses was a brick setting on end.6. This they have converted into a thing of dingy clapboards, with a narrow, low-pitched roof. (para 3) With this model, they set up their shabby houses with wooden boards on outside walls and the roof of the house is not steep..7. When it has taken on the patina of the mills it is the color of an egg long past all hope or caring. (pare 3)When the brick is covered with the soot of the mills, it is the color of a rotten egg.8. Red brick, even in a steel town, ages with some dignity. (para 4)Red brick is still pleasing to look at, when time goes on.9. I award this championship only after laborious research and incessant prayer. (para 5)I give the highest award for ugliness only after doing hard research and asking the help from god through constant praying.10. They show grotesqueries of ugliness that, in retrospect, become almost diabolical. (para 5) These houses show fantacy in making ugliness, in looking at past, it seems these houses are built by devils.11. It is incredible that mere ignorance should have achieved such masterpieces of horror. (para 6)It is unbelievable that the most horrible houses are built because people do not know what beauty is.12. On certain levels of the American race, indeed, there seems to be a positive libido for the ugly.. (para 7)In fact, it seems that certain Americans have positive strong desires to love things ugly.13. They meet, in some unfathomable way, its obscure and unintelligible demands. (para 7)These ugly desires meet their demands in a difficult way to understand, which is mysterious and difficult to understand.14....they made it perfect in their own sight by putting a completely impossible penthouse, painted a staring yellow, on top of it. (para 8)They put a penthouse on top of it, painted a bright, yellow color and thought it looked perfect but they only to make it more unacceptable.15. Out of the melting pot emerges a race which hates beauty as it hates truth. (para 9)From the muticulture nation, there appears race which hates beauty as strongly as they hates truth．Explain wordsing out of Pittsburgh on one of the express：a fast，direct train。