3. Temperature of an Ideal gas
3 ε t = kT 2
2 P = nε t 3
P = n kT
Temperature in Kelvin
The average translational kinetic energy of molecules in an ideal gas is directly proportional to the absolute temperature. The molecular interpretation of temperature: The temperature of a gas is a direct measure of the average translational kinetic energy of its molecules! The higher the temperature, the faster the molecules are moving on the average. It applies reasonably accurately to liquids and solids.
16-1 The Ideal Gas Law and the Molecular Interpretation of Temperature
Our first model of a many-particle system: the Ideal Gas
Models of matter: gas models (random motion of particles)
F root mean square speed vrms
vrms = v =
for a gas, m T ↑