2017-12-10ever让步状语从句

多数英语学习者见到词尾带-ever的单词就习惯性地将其译成"无论……"，其实这种做法在很多情况下是行不通的，因为那只是这类单词的用法之一，除此之外此类单词还有其他一些用法值得英语学习者注意。

因这类单词在阅读和测试中出现频率较高，而在不同语境中其用法和含义却不尽相同。

在近三年的全国英语四级试题中每年都有一道涉及-ever用法的试题：1) We agreed to accept _________ they thought was the best tourist guide.A) whatever B)whomever C)whichever D)whoever2)_________ difficulties we may come across, we'll help one another to overcome them.A)Wherever B)Whatever C)However D)Whenever3)They always give the vacant seats to _________ comes first.A)whoever B)whomever C)who D)whom在第2)题中,whatever意为"无论什么"引导状语从句；而在第1)和第3)题中，who- ever意为"the person who或anyone who"，用来引导宾语从句。

这类由"特殊疑问词＋ever"构成的单词有：whatever, whichever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however. 现将它们的用法归纳如下：1.引导让步状语从句:这也是这类单词最常见的用法，一般译为"无论……"。

如：Keep calm , whatever happens.(无论什么)Whoever you are, you can't pass this way. (无论谁)I will find her wherever she may be.(无论在哪里)Come and see me whenever you want to.(无论何时)However frightened you may be yourself, you must remain outwardly calm.(无论怎样)2.whatever,whoever,whichever引导名词性从句1)whatever起双重作用，相当于"anything that"或"any...that"，可引导主语从句和宾语从句。

SDN让步状语从句让步状语从句是状语从句中的一种，其本身也是状语从句。

一般翻译为“尽管……”或“即使……”，就是我们日常生活中用的“退一步说……”的感觉。

引导让步状语从句的连词主要有以下这些：though,although,while,as; even if,even though; whether...or...; no matter+疑问词，疑问词-ever，regardless of+名词/名词短语/名词从句，despite，in spite of。

切记although，though 不可与but连用，但可以与still和yet连用。

⑴though,although表示“虽然，纵然”之意。

这两个连词意思大致相同，在一般情况下可以互换使用。

在口语中，though较常使用，although比though 正式，二者都可与yet,still或never，the less连用，但不能与but连用。

例如：My will remains firm though I must lower my physical sights.尽管我得降低体育（锻炼）的目标，但我的意志是坚强的。

Though I believe it,yet I must consider.尽管我相信这一点，但我还得考虑考虑。

Although/Though he was exhausted,(still) he kept on working.虽然他已经精疲力竭了，但仍然继续工作。

Although/Though he is very old,(yet) he is quite strong.他虽然年纪大了，身体还很健壮。

值得注意的是，although引导的让步状语从句位于主句之前的情况较多，though引导的让步状语从句可位于主句之前或主句之后。

例如：She passed the examination though she had not studied very hard. 她虽然不用功学习，考试却及格了。

条件状语从句条件状语从句分为两大类：真实条件句和虚拟条件句。

引导条件状语从句的连词有：if, even if/though, unless/ if …not, as long as/ so long as, as far as/so far as, provided/providing (that), on condition that 等。

条件状语从句中如果主句是将来时，条件状语从句用一般现在时。

1.unless 和if…notunless 相当于if…noteg: You will fail unless you study hard.You will not fail if you study hard.注意点：在虚拟条件句中可用if…not，但不能用unlesseg: If she were not too silly,she would understand.2．引导条件状语从句的其它连词：Eg: You may go there ,as long as you keep quite.Eg: I shall give you the book on condition that you return it tomorrow.Eg: I will go provided that you go too.条件状语从句练习（）1.If you _____ to the party, you’ll have a great timeA. will goB. wentC. goD. going（）2. It will be a long time ____ Peter _____ his work.A. since, has finishedB. after, finishesC. when, will finishD. before, finishes.（）3. What will father _____ us from Japan?A. takeB. bringC. carryD. make（）4. Weifang is famous ______ kitesA. forB. toC. onD. with（）5．I ____ her the answer if she ____me.A. can tell, will askB. will tell, will askC. would tell, askD. will tell, asks（）6. – What are you going to do tomorrow? --We’ll go to the library tomorrow if it ___.A. isn’t rainB. rainC. won’t rainD. doesn’t rain（）7.—Do you know when he will come back tomorrow?--Sorry, I don’t know. When he ____ back, I’ll tell you.A. comesB. will comeC. comeD. may come（）8. What will you do if you _____ to the old folk’s home visit?A. goB. wentC.goingD. will go（）9. If I eat ____ food, I’ll be very fat. A. too many B. many too C. too much D. much too（）10. I’ll give the book to him if he ___ here next Sunday.A. will comeB. comesC. is comingD. came（）11. There ____an English film in our school tomorrow.A. is going to haveB. will haveC. is going to beD. has（）12. Could you tell us where ____？A. will the next Olympic Games heldB. the next Olympic Games will be heldC. would the next Olympic Games be heldD. the next Olympic Games would be held （）13. When my mother returned last night, I ____ a book.A. readB. am readingC. was readingD. am going to read（）14.What ____ you ____ when it began to rain?A. do, doB. were, doingC. are, doing Ddid, do（）15. I’ll wake you up when he ____back.A. willB. is going to comeC. comesD. come二、完成句子(每小题4分)1.如果他到的晚了会发生什么事情？What ______ _____ if he ____ late?2. 如果努力学习，你就会取得好成绩。

even if引导的让步状语从句重要程度：★★☆☆☆难易程度：★★★☆☆(2014·北京) _________ the forest park is far away, a lot of tourists visit it every year.A. AsB. WhenC. Even thoughD. In case【参考答案】C【易错提醒】even if即使；尽管(=even though)，为连词词组，引导让步状语从句。

从句往往是假设性的，此时主句中不能再用but等表示转折的连词，但是可以用yet, still。

1. 改错(2016·新课标全国卷I改编)Even though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area.2. They won’t give up ___________ ___________（即使）they should fail 10 times.3. 即使你不能来，我们也要出发去北京。

___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________, we will leave for Beijing.4. ____________ the calculation is right, scientists can never be sure that they haveincluded all variables and modeled them accurately.A. Even ifB. As far asC. If onlyD. So long as5. —Will you go to Mary’s birthday party?—No, ___________ invited, I c an’t go to it because I’ll be too busy then.A. whetherB. even ifC. unlessD. when6. Though they met for the first time, they talked __________ they were good friends.A. even ifB. as ifC. unlessD. if only7. We were having an evening class __________ the light went out.A. whileB. even ifC. as ifD. when1. 删去but 【解析】even though不能与but连用。

however的让步状语从句| however引导让步状语从句howeveradv.不管到什么程度;无论如何;然而;可是conj.不管怎样；however引导让步状语从句后面加形容词或副词引导让步状语从句时however本身是副词后而可以跟形容词或副词但也可以不跟直接修饰动词女口跟形容词howeverharditmaybe, doyourbest.无论多么艰难总要尽你的力量去做.品艮副词howeverhardheworked, hedidn，tpasstheexam.无论他多么努力他还是考试不及格不跟howeverheworked, hedidn' tsatisfyhisboss.无论他怎么干老板都不满意.1.T hemechanicsofthejob, however, havechangedlittlesincethen.不过，工作流程从那以后就几乎没有任何变化。

2.ThedealwithChelseamaynot, however, bedead.不过，与切尔西的交易或许还有戏。

3.Whatismissing, however, isaninternal, artisticcohesion.不过，缺乏的是一种内在的艺术凝聚力。

4.H owever, manycustomersfoundthesmellofthisproductdistinc tlyoff-putting.然而，很多顾客觉得该产品有一股异味，非常难闻。

5.^Tienangryorexcited, however, hecouldbewild, profane, andte rrifying・但愤怒或激动的时候，他也会发狂、会骂人、令人生畏。

6.Histestimony, however, wasonlyoneinasalvoofnewattacks・然而他的证词只是新一轮唇枪舌剑中的一股火力。

7.Theywerenotf ini shed, however, notbyanymeans・不过，他们并没有结束，绝对没有。

让步状语从句1.让步状语从句是状语从句中的一种。

一般翻译为“尽管……，即使……”，就是我们日常生活中用的“退一步说……”2.引导让步状语从句的连词主要有：though, although, as, even if, even though, whether…or…;no matter + 疑问词，疑问词加后缀-ever。

（1）though, although表示“虽然，纵然”之意。

这两个连词意思大致相同，在一般情况下可以互换使用。

在口语中，though较常使用，although比though正式，二者都可与yet，still 或nevertheless连用，但不能与but连用。

如：Although/Though he was worn out, (still) he kept on working.虽然他已经精疲力竭了，但仍然继续工作。

Although/Though he is very old, (yet) he is quite strong.他虽然年纪大了，身体还很健壮。

（2）as, though表示“虽然……，即使……”之意。

as引导的让步状语从句必须以部分倒装的形式出现，被倒装的部分可以是表语、状语或动词原形，though间或也用于这样的结构中，但although不可以这样用。

如：Object as you may, I’ll go. = Although / Though you may object, I’ll go.纵使你反对，我也要去。

Child as/though he was, he knew what the right thing to do. = Though he was a child, he knew what was the right to do.虽然他是一个孩子，但他知道该做什么。

（3）even if, even though表示“即使……，纵使……”之意。