土木工程专业英语ppt

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土木工程专业英语大学课件Unit 2 Foundation

单词
1. rod：竿, 杆, 棒；（责打人用的）棍棒；手枪。 2. starter： n. 参赛人；参赛的马（或汽车等）；（赛跑等的）发令员；（发动机的）启动装置，启动器；（主菜之前的）开胃小吃，开胃品；起步（或启动）…的人；在起步阶段使用的；启动时用的 3. joint：n.关节；接头, 接合处, （尤指构成角的）接头, 接合处, 接点。 4. in situ：原位；原地；在原位置。 5. bed：床，基层。 6. distribution：n.分发, 分配；散布, 分布；分配；分布；（商品）运销，经销，分销。 7. slope：n.斜坡, 斜面；倾斜, 坡度, 斜率；山坡。
短语
1.depend on：依靠，取决于 2.per unit area：每一个单位面积 3.in terms of：就…而言, 从…方面说来； He referred to your work in terms of high praise. 他对你的工作大加赞扬。用…的话，用…字眼，以…的措辞；从…角度来讲；根据，依据；以… 为单位；换算，折合。 4. The bearing capacity of a soil：土壤的承载力
句型：
1.The purpose of …is…:…作用是… 2….means……：指的是…..
As the nature of the soil often varies considerably on the same construction site, the capacity of the soil to support loads also varies. Therefore, it is not always possible to provide a uniform size of foundation for the entire structure, even if it may support a uniform load. To improve the bearing capacity in varying ground conditions, soft spots are usually filled with consolidated hardcore or a weak concrete, before the foundation is laid. 翻译：即便在同一施ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ场地，由于地基的性质有很大差异，土体的承载力也不相同。所以，即使基础能承受相同的荷载，要为整个结构设计出相同尺寸的基础并不总是可能的。为了在不同的地基条件下提高基础的承载力，在浇注基础前，通常用碎石垫层加固或用强度低的混凝土来填充土质松软的地方。

土木工程专业英语unit-82课件

5.Both central and space-conditioning systems consist of the following: _____; _____; _____; _____.
6.An air-conditioning process describes the change in thermodynamic properties of moist air between the initial and final stages of conditioning as well as the corresponding _____between the _____and_____, such as water, refrigerant, absorbent, adsorbent, or moist air itself.
Translate the following terms into English.
冷水机组
压缩循环冷却器
直膨式蒸发器
满液式蒸发器
风管
制冷循环
过热气体
Байду номын сангаас
过冷夜体
高温制冷
中央空调系统
Fill in the blanks with the information given in the text.
I am waiting for my secretary, was the boy’s answer.
replace/ substitute for
bad adverse disadvantageous
Exercises（练习）
I. Read the whole passage and answer the following questions.

土木工程专业英语课件Lesson_1

土木工程专业英语

Words
Predominate =pre(前、预)+dominate(控制) Geotechnical=geo(地球的、地的)+technical(技术的) Specification=specify(规定)+ation(名词后缀) 规定、规范、说明书 Supervise=super(超的、在上面的)+vise(vision 看的词根) Subcontractor=sub(次、下)+contractor(承包商) Combustible=combust(燃烧)+ible(可能的)=可燃的
土木工程专业英语

Civil engineering and civil engineers
Civil engineering，the oldest of the engineering specialties，is the planning，design，construction, and management of the built environment．This environment includes all structures built according to scientific principles，from irrigation and drainage systems to rocketlaunching facilities.
从那以后，土木工程这个术语已经被用来指那些修建公共设施的工程师们，尽管这个领域比以前更广。
土木工程专业英语

Scope 范围
Because it is so broad，civil engineering is subdivided into a number of technical specialties．

土木专业英语英文课程PPT课件

14. grain[grein] n.谷物, 谷类, 谷粒, 细粒, 颗粒，纹理，粒面 15. silicon [`silikәn] n.[化] 硅，硅元素 16. Manganese [`mæŋgəni:z]n.<化>锰 (元素符号为Mn) Magnesium[mæ `ni:zjәm]n.镁(元素符号为Mg) Calcium[`kæ lsiәm]n.钙 17. seashell [`si:ʃel]n.海贝壳海贝，贝壳 18. negligible[`neglidӡәbl] adj.可以忽略的, 不予重视的，微不足道的 19. synthetic [sin`Ѳetic] adj.合成的, 人造的, 综合的 20. resin [`rezin] n.树脂,胶质,人造树脂 vt. 涂树脂于 21.thermosetting [ֽΘә:mәu`setiŋ]adj.热硬化性的,热凝性的,热固性的
lju:] n.场所`]In lieu of =instead of
lieu
透露 ,告知 ,传授 ,)指抽象事物(in)+part vt.给予.=im(v.前缀，←（im`pɑ:t]] ）Im2part
Lesson 18 Building Materials P158
NEW WORDS AND PHRASES 1.elasticity [ilæ s'tisiti] n. 弹性，弹力，弹性力学 2.stiffness ['stifnis] n.坚硬, 硬度劲度，刚度 3.secular ['sekjulә] adj.长期的, 世俗的，现世的，非宗教的 4.temple ['templ] n. 坦普尔(姓氏) 庙，寺，神殿，教堂 5.pyramid [`pirәmid]n.金字塔,叠罗汉金字塔,四面体(角锥、棱椎),

土木工程专业英语第三单元ppt课件

上部结构是建筑物在地面上的部分 , 而下部结构以及基础是建筑物的地下部分。 super- 表示“在...上,加之”之义。superabundant 过多的, 有余的
土木工程专业英语

Development of High Buildings 高建筑物的发展
埃非尔铁搭高达300m，是当时人类修建的最高的结构，直到40年后，其高度才被美国的一系列的摩天大楼超过。
The first elevator was installed by Elisha Otis in a department store in New York, in 1857.
第一部电梯是由美国人奥的斯在1857年安装在纽约的一座商场里。
材料和结构形式被组合在一起形成了建筑物的不同部分。包括承重的框架、外墙、楼板层、以及隔墙。
The building also has mechanical and electrical systems, such as elevators, heating and cooling systems, and lighting systems.
土木工程专业英语

Components of A Building 建筑物的组成部分
Materials and structural forms are combined to make up the various parts of a building, including the load carrying frame, skin, floors, and partitions.
在 1883 年，詹尼将楼板设置在铸铁柱上形成一个像笼子一样的建筑物。
1889年，埃非尔首次在埃非尔铁塔上安装大型升降机，这种液压式升降机每小时可以运送2350位乘客到最高点。

Lesson 07 Bridge(土木工程专业英语)PPT课件

土木工程专业英语
1
Lesson 7 Bridge 桥梁
New words and phrases:
valley 山谷 obstacle 障碍 aqueduct 沟渠；水道 pedestrian 行人 barge 游艇 isolated 孤立的；隔离的 log 圆木 vine 藤蔓 slant 倾斜 swift 迅速 subsoil 地基；地下
藤条被系在要跨越的溪流和峡谷两边的树木或岩石上。一根或几根藤条被用来行走。其他的藤条被挂在几英尺高处用来供手抓。
土木工程专业英语
6
Bridge
Although vine bridges are usually unstable, some built by the Incas were strong and stable enough to be used by the invading Spanish soldiers and their horses.
许多高架渠桥梁承担起了沟渠和驳船交通，这些桥梁大多数修建于19世纪的欧洲；其中至少有一座，在纽约的肯尼迪机场，是用来在公路上方运送滑行的飞机。
土木工程专业英语
3
aqueduct bridges
土木工程专业英语
4
Bridge
The first bridges built by man probably resembled those still being constructed by primitive peoples in isolated regions.
到目前为止，大多数桥梁是被设计用来承担汽车和铁路交通，但是也有一些是只用作行人通行。
A number of aqueduct bridges, mostly erected in Europe in the 19th century, carry canals and their barge traffic；and at least one bridge, at New York City’s Kennedy AirPort, serves to carry taxying aircraft over a highway.

土木工程专业英语45933PPT课件

除了仅仅作为住处之外，由土木工程师建造的住处提供了一个和平而舒适的生活。
Since then, the term civil engineer has often been to refer to engineers who build public facilities, although the field is much broader.
运输工程是人和物安全而有效运动的学科，它是土木工程的一个子学科。
The planning aspects of transportation engineering relate to urban planning, and involve technical forecasting decisions and political factors.
舒适而安全的生活。
The engineering marvels of the world, starting from the pyramids to today’s shell structure, are the results of the development in civil engineering.
由于在任何运输系统中，旅客的运输需求最大，因此在运输工程
中旅客的运输成为了焦点。第7页/共41页
Company Logo
Contents
Fluid mechanics, hydraulics and hydraulic machines, in this branch of engineering, civil engineers deal with the properties and behavior of fluids at rest or in motion.

【图文】同济大学出版社土木工程专业英语_Unit4

在我们定义了失效后才能对其进行讨论。

我们可能会下一个明显的定义，即当材料分成两部分或更多时失效。

但是，在多数应用中已经被指出，一个构件早在它实际断裂之前由于过分的变形而不再适用。

因此，我们将失效与屈服联系起来，并认为一旦荷载解除而材料不再恢复到其最初的形状时即为失效。

在一个简单的拉伸试验中，我们可以说当延性材料开始屈服时即已失效。

对单轴应力而言，当应力达到屈服应力y（不管拉或压）时即为失效。

Brittle materials fail by a different mechanism and will be discussed after the theories for ductile materials have been presented（介绍）. 脆性材料由于不同的机理而失效，这将在介绍延性材料的理论之后进行讨论。

土木工程专业英语介绍ppt课件

Some of the civil engineering specialty
the Leaning Tower of Pisa 比萨斜塔
China Central Television 中央电视台
Burj Dubai
迪拜塔
high-rise buildings 高层建筑
Tall building 高耸建筑
road and bridge(道路与桥梁) Employment oriented: the road transport department, engaged in road, city road, bridge and tunnel engineering exploration and design, test, maintenance and repair technology and management.
industry and civil architecture(工业和民用建筑)
Industrial and civil construction mainly for the construction enterprises, the installation unit, design units, the owners, supervision and management departments at all levels of training in the practical and technical talents construction technology, project management, construction engineering budget, engineering construction supervision etc. Many aspects of industrial and civil buildings after graduation to participate in the architectural design units, construction units, construction engineering budget, engineering budget audit, supervision of construction projects, enterprises and institutions infrastructure management work.

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There are those, whether you have seen? It is located in the Zhejiang several large city.
Shenzhen imperial estate building 深圳地王大厦 Taipei 101 building 台北101 Shanghai World Financial Center 上海环球金融中心
ready-mixed concrete商品混凝土，watertight concrete防水混凝预拌混凝土土
Sec8
real estate房地产 age hardening时效硬化
standard brick标准砖 architectural design建筑设计
返回
fiashing泛水
screwed connection螺栓连接
中心，440米，103层。
• Shanghai Jinmao Tower
上海金茂大厦：塔楼高420.5米，88层
• Hongkong two international finance center香港国际金融
中心二期：楼高415m，总层数88层。
We just do not talk about it. First ,we admire from Ningbo to the world of the high-rise buildings. And then talk about the advantages and disadvantages of them . Next we admire some famous buildings.
welding焊接
slipform construction (slipforming)滑模施工
Aizhai Bridge
万豪中心
宁波南苑环球酒店
宁波香格里拉大酒店
Are you familiar with them? If you often go out to play, you must have seen them. Yes, they will be located somewhere in Ningbo, become Ningbo landmark buildings.
土木工程专业英语
Civil engineering professional English
学院：班级：姓名：
Has built the world building ten-已建成世界高楼
• • • •
前十位 Burj Dubai 阿联酋迪拜塔：高达828米,162层。 Mecca Royal Hotel Carillon麦加皇家钟楼酒店:高达817米，95层。 Taipei 101 building 台北101大厦：508米，地上101层，地下5层。 Shanghai World Financial Center 上海环球金融中心：建筑
These are any other world’s famous high-rise buildings, I believe you have seen somewhere. Indeed, they are very beautiful, worthy of our appreciation and consideration. sears towers 芝加哥的西尔斯大厦
felt (malthoid)油毡
Sec 6
shoring支撑
batching配料 honeycomb蜂窝，空洞，麻面 piled foundation桩基 deep foundation深基础 shallow foundation浅基础
riveted connection铆接 lfit-slab construction升板法施工 mass concrete大体积混凝土 terrazzo水磨石 construction joint施工缝
g ~承重砌体 unreinforced ~非配筋砌体
permissible stress (allowable stress)容许应力 plywood胶合板 retaining wall挡土墙 finish装修 finishing material装修材料 ventilation通风
主体高度达到492米，101层。马来西亚国家石油大厦双峰塔：楼高452米，地上 88层。
• Petronas Towers
• Nanjing Zifeng building 南京紫峰大厦：地下4层、450米，89层。 • Chicago Sears Building 芝加哥西尔斯大厦：443米，110层。 • Guangzhou international financial center 广州国际金融
土木工程专业英语常用词汇
Commonly Used Professional Terms of Civil Engineering
Sec 1
development organization建设单位
design organization设计单位 construction organization施工单位 reinforced concrete钢筋混凝土 pile桩 steel structure钢结构 aluminium alloy铝合金
World Trade Center
• • • • • •
However, I do not advocate the tall building. It brings the economic benefits at the same time. Construction difficulty is increased. Cost of construction lifting. Fire is difficult to avoid ... As long as we make good use of every inch of land, I believe that the construction land is not the problem, and the developed countries have now won't fall over each other to the construction of high-rise buildings, because it is not of much value.
workability (placeability)和易性
safety glass安全玻璃
oakum麻刀，麻丝
tee三通管
tempered glass (reinforced glass) tap存水弯钢化玻璃 foamed glass泡沫玻璃 asphalt沥青 esthetics美学 formwork模板（工程）
masonry砌体（工程）
reinforced ~ 配筋砌体
natural自然通风
mechanical机械通风
diaphragm wall (continuous concrete wall)地下连续墙
air-conditioning system空调系统
villa别墅
moment of inertia惯性矩
Sec 2
(air) void ration（土）空隙比
albery壁厨，壁龛 almery壁厨，贮藏室 anchorage length锚固长度 antiseismic joint防震缝 architectural appearance建筑外观 architectural area建筑面积
torque扭矩 stress应力 normal法向应力 shear剪应力 strain应变
petronas tower 马来西亚国家石油大厦双峰塔
High rise building does bring some benefits, but we have to think about its shortcomings. Because of these defects, we even experience not to bring any benefit of highrise building.
Nanjing Zifeng building 南京紫峰大厦
Shanghai Jinmao Tower 金茂大厦（上海）
These are the world famous high-rise buildings---
Dubai Tower
HSB TurningTorso 瑞典马尔默的摩天大楼 Hongkong Bank of China Building 香港中国银行大厦