介绍专四语法与词汇考点
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语法结构
考查范围:
1、名词:可数名词和不可数名词;抽象名词、专有名词和物质名词的数;名词所有格;集体名词的数;某些以-s结尾的名词的数。
2、限定词:限定词与三类名词的搭配关系;限定词与限定词的搭配关系;冠词的类指、特指和独指;冠词;Some, any, 和no 的各种用法。
3、代词:不定代词one, someone, anyone 和he 的用法;物主代词和非人称代词;反身代词和代词宾格。
4、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级;介词与介词词组;5、动词:各种时态的特殊用法;情态动词;虚拟式和被动态;非谓语动词。
6、句法:从句的引导词;名词性从句及状语从句的功能;
定于从句;直接引语和间接引语;并列、从属结构;附加疑问句;There be 句型;主谓一致;后置、前置和倒装;
省略。
语法考点:
1、冠词:冠词a 和the 的特殊用法
2、代词:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词、疑问代词、关系代词、不定代词的各种用法;代词it 的用法1)such 及such that, such as (to)等短语的用法
2)关系代词that, who, whom, whose, which, where, as, but, than的用法3、动词:时态和语态的特殊用法
4、虚拟语气:
1)虚拟语气在条件句中的应用
A. If+过去式,would+原形
B. If + had done,would have done
C. If+过去式,would + 原形
D. If+ should do,would+原形
If 可以省略,同时将should, had, were 提前。
2)虚拟语气在特殊从句中的应用
主句以动词、名词或形容词表示愿望、建议、命令等祈使意义时,从句中动词用(should)+原形。
3)It’s (high) time句型中,从句动词用过去式。
4)主句动词是wish, would rather,从句用虚拟语气。
5)从句的引导词是as if (though), if only, lest, in case 等,从句动词用虚拟语气。
6)虚拟条件用but for, without, given 等提出
7)区别真实条件与非真实条件
5、情态动词:
情态动词+完成式的特殊意义
6、从句:注意从句的特殊引导词。
如as, while, provided, in the event that , whoever等。
7、非谓语动词:
1)区别动词后接不定式还是现在分词
2)现在分词独立主格作状语
3)注意分词与主语的一致
4)分词和不定式的否定形式
5)复合宾语中的不定式
8、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级:1)原级表示倍数的用法。
As 和twice 的用法。
2)比较级和最高级前的限定词
3)比较级的否定。
如:no more than, not …any more than, no less than, not …so much …as 等。
9、其他语法点:
1)附加疑问句:注意疑问部分的特殊用法2)what, which, that, one, it, as 等几个容易混淆的单词的特殊用法以及它们的区别。
词汇
词汇考点
⏹异形近义词和同义词、形近异义词、异形异义词
⏹搭配
⏹习语
⏹代词
词汇题型分类:
1、辨析:
1)异形同义词(近义词)
All the soldiers were asked to give up their holiday on account of the national ______.
A. crisis
B. emergency
C. urgency
D. emergence
2)异形异义词
In order to repair barns, build fences, grow crops, and care for animals, a farmer must indeed be ___.
A. restless
B. skilled
C. strong
D. versatile
2、搭配:
1)名词的搭配:
A. 名词与形容词的搭配
B. 名词与动词的搭配
C. 名词与介词的搭配
Being colorblind, Sally can’t make a
____ between red and green.
A. difference
B. distinction
C. comparison
D. division
The customer showed her ____ for that broad hat.
A. disapproval
B. distaste
C. dissatisfaction
D. dismay
2)形容词的搭配:与介词的固定搭配
You must insist that students give a truthful answer ____ with the reality of their world.
A. relevant
B. simultaneous
C. consistent
D. practical
3)动词的搭配:与介词及副词的搭配The old couple will never ____ the loss of their son.
A. get over
B. get away
C. get off
D. get across
3)形似异义词
The vast majority of people will
______ to the established standards of that culture.
A. confine
B. conform
C. confront
D. confirm
3、语境:
Hotel rooms must be ____ by noon, but luggage may be left with the
depository.
A. departed
B. abandoned
C. vacated
D. displaced
4、习语:
They treated us ____, so we must make return for their hospitality.
A. with an open hand
B. with a high hand
C. with a heavy hand
D. with an iron hand
科学记单词:
1、熟悉构词法:
1)词根和词缀的含义
2)学习单词的派生词
2、通过对比读音或拼写相似单词记忆3、联系记忆:同义词、近义词、反义词4、广泛阅读:
1)扩大词汇量
2)各种语境里单词的不同意义和用法。