建筑专业术语翻译

『』ARCHITECTURAL & STRUCTURAL TABLE OF CONTENTS1. ARCHITECTURE 建筑专业a. DESIGN BASIS 设计依据b. DESIGN STAGE 设计阶段c. CLIMATE CONDITION 气象条件d. GENERAL ROOM NAME常用房间名称e. ROOFING & CEILING屋面及天棚f. WALL(CLADDING) 墙体(外墙板)g. FLOOR & TRENCH 地面及地沟h. DOORS 、GLASS、WINDOWS & IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)门、玻璃、窗及五金件I. STAIRCASE、LANDING & LIFT(ELEVATOR)楼梯、休息平台及电梯j. BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS AND PHRASES建筑材料词汇及短语Bricks and Tiles 砖和瓦Lime, Sand and Stone 灰、砂和石【Cement, Mortar and Concrete水泥、砂浆和混凝土】【Facing And Plastering Materials饰面及粉刷材料】【Asphalt (Bitumen) and Asbestos沥青和石棉】【Timber 木材】【Metallic Materials 金属材料】【Non-Ferrous Metal 有色金属】【Anti-Corrosion Materials防腐蚀材料】【Building Hardware 建筑五金】【Paint 油漆】k. OTHER ARCHITECTURAL TERMS 其它建筑术语【Discipline 专业】Conventional Terms 一般通用名词【Architectural Physics 建筑物理】【Name Of Professional role职务名称】【Drafting 制图】2. STRUCTURE 结构专业a. LOAD 荷载b. GROUND BASE AND FOUNDATION 地基及基础c. REINFORCEMENT CONCRETE STRUCTURE 钢筋混凝土结构d. STEEL STRUCTURE 钢结构e. DESIGN FOR ANTISEISMIC抗震设计f. GENERAL WORDS FOR DESIGN设计常用词汇g. GENERAL WORDS FOR CONSTRUCTION 施工常用词汇a. DESIGN BASIS 设计依据计划建议书planning proposals设计任务书 design order标准规范standards and codes条件图 information drawing设计基础资料 basic data for design工艺流程图process flowchart工程地质资料engineering geological data原始资料 original data设计进度 schedule of designb. STAGE OF DESIGN 设计阶段方案 scheme, draft草图 sketch会谈纪要summary of discussion谈判 negotiation可行性研究feasibility study初步设计preliminary design基础设计 basic design详细设计 detail design询价图 enquiry drawing施工图 working drawing,construction drawing竣工图 as built drawingc. CLIMATE CONDITION气象条件日照 sunshine风玫瑰 wind rose主导风向prevailing wind direction最大(平均)风速maximum (mean) wind velocity风荷载 wind load最大(平均)降雨量maximum (mean) rainfall雷击及闪电thunder and lightning飓风 hurricane台风 typhoon旋风 cyclone降雨强度rainfall intensity年降雨量 annual rainfall湿球温度wet bulb temperature干球温度dry bulb temperature冰冻期 frost period冰冻线frost line冰冻区frost zone室外计算温度calculating outdoor temperature采暖地区region with heating provision不采暖地区region without heatingprovision绝对大气压absolute atmospheric pressure相对湿度 relative humidityd. GENERAL ROOM NAME常用房间名称办公室 office服务用房 service room换班室 shift room休息室rest room (break room)起居室 living room浴室 bathroom淋浴间 shower更衣室 locker room厕所 lavatory门厅 lobby诊室 clinic工作间 workshop电气开关室 switchroom走廊 corridor档案室 archive电梯机房 lift motor room车库 garage清洁间 cleaning room会议室(正式) conference room会议室 meeting room衣柜间 ward robe饭店 restaurant餐厅 canteen, dining room厨房 kitchen入口 entrance接待处 reception area会计室 accountant room秘书室 secretary room电气室 electrical room控制室 control room工长室 foreman office开关柜室 switch gear前室 antecabinet (Ante.)生产区 production area马达控制中心 Mcc多功能用房 utility room化验室 laboratory room经理室 manager room披屋(阁楼) penthouse警卫室 guard housee. ROOFING AND CEILING屋面及天棚女儿墙 parapet雨蓬 canopy屋脊 roof ridge坡度 slope坡跨比 pitch分水线 water-shed二毡三油2 layers of felt &3 coats of bitumastic附加油毡一层 extra ply of felt檐口 eave挑檐 overhanging eave檐沟 eave gutter平屋面 flat roof坡屋面 pitched roof雨水管汇水面积 catchment area泛水 flashing内排水 interior drainage外排水 exterior drainage滴水 drip屋面排水 roof drainage找平层 leveling course卷材屋面 built-up roofing天棚 ceiling檩条 purlin屋面板 roofing board天花板 ceiling board防水层 water-proof course检查孔 inspection hole人孔 manhole吊顶suspended ceiling, false ceiling檐板(窗帘盒) cornicef. WALL (CLADDING)墙体(外墙板)砖墙 brick wall砌块墙 block wall清水砖墙 brick wall without plastering抹灰墙 rendered wall石膏板墙gypsum board, plaster board空心砖墙 hollow brick wall承重墙 bearing wall非承重墙 non-bearing wall纵墙 longitudinal wall横墙 transverse wall外墙external (exterior) wall内墙internal (interior) wall填充墙 filler wall防火墙 fire wall窗间墙 wall between window空心墙 cavity wall压顶 coping圈梁 gird, girt, girth玻璃隔断 glazed wall遮阳板 sunshade阳台 balcony伸缩缝 expansion joint沉降缝 settlement joint抗震缝 seismic joint复合夹心板 sandwich board压型单板 corrugated single steel plate外墙板 cladding panel复合板 composite panel轻质隔断light-weight partition牛腿 bracket砖烟囱 brick chimney勒脚(基座) plinthg. FLOOR AND TRENCH地面及地沟地坪 grade地面和楼面 ground and floor素土夯实 rammed earth炉渣夯实 tamped cinder填土 filled earth回填土夯实 tamped backfill 垫层bedding course, blinding面层 covering, finish结合层bonding (binding) course找平层 leveling course素水泥浆结合层neat cement binding course混凝土地面 concrete floor水泥地面 cement floor机器磨平混凝土地面machine trowelled concrete floor水磨石地面terrazzo flooring马赛克地面 mosaic flooring瓷砖地面ceramic tile flooring油地毡地面linoleum flooring预制水磨石地面precast terrazzo flooring硬木花地面hard-wood parquet flooring搁栅 joist硬木毛地面 hard-wood rough flooring企口板地面tongued and grooved flooring防酸地面acid-resistant floor钢筋混凝土楼板reinforced concrete slab Slab)乙烯基地面 vinyl flooring水磨石嵌条divider strip for terrazzo地面做2％坡 floor with 2% slope集水沟 gully集水口 gulley排水沟 drainage trench沟盖板 trench cover活动盖板removable cover plate集水坑 sump pit孔翻边 hole up stand电缆沟 cable trenchh. DOORS,GLASS,WINDOWS & IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)门、玻璃、窗及五金件木(钢)门wooden (steel) door镶板门 panelled door夹板门 plywood door铝合金门aluminum alloy door卷帘门 roller shutter door弹簧门 swing door推拉门 sliding door平开门 side-hung door折叠门 folding door旋转门 revolving door玻璃门 glazed door密闭门 air-Tight door保温门 thermal insulating door镀锌铁丝网门galvanized steel wire mesh door防火门 fire door(大门上的)小门 wicket门框 door frame门扇 door leaf门洞 door opening结构开洞structural opening单扇门 single door双扇门 double door疏散门 emergency door纱门 screen door门槛 door sill门过梁 door lintel上冒头 top rail下冒头 bottom rail门边木 stile门樘侧料 side jumb槽口 notch木窗 wooden window钢窗 steel window铝合金窗aluminum alloy window百叶窗 (通风为主) sun-bind, louver (louver, shutter, blind) 塑钢窗 plastic steel window空腹钢窗hollow steel window固定窗 fixed window平开窗 side-hung window推拉窗 sliding window气窗 transom上悬窗 top-hung window中悬窗center-pivoted window下悬窗 hopper window活动百叶窗adjustable louver天窗 skylight老虎窗 dormer window密封双层玻璃 sealed double glazing钢筋混凝土过梁reinforced concrete lintel钢筋砖过梁reinforced brick lintel窗扇 casement sash窗台 window sill窗台板 window board窗中梃 mullion窗横木 mutin窗边木 stile压缝条 cover mould窗帘盒 curtain box合页(铰链) hinge (butts)转轴 pivot长脚铰链 parliament hinge闭门器 door closer地弹簧 floor closer插销 bolt门锁 door lock拉手 pull链条 chain门钩 door hanger碰球 ball latch窗钩 window catch暗插销 insert bolt电动开关器 electric opener平板玻璃 plate glass夹丝玻璃 wire glass透明玻璃 clear glass毛玻璃(磨砂玻璃) ground glass (frosted glass)防弹玻璃bullet-proof glass石英玻璃 quartz glass吸热玻璃heat absorbing glass磨光玻璃 polished glass着色玻璃 pigmented glass玻璃瓦 glass tile玻璃砖 glass block有机玻璃 organic glassI. STAIRCASE, LANDING & LIFT (ELEVATOR)楼梯、休息平台及电梯楼梯 stair楼梯间 staircase疏散梯 emergency stair旋转梯spiral stair (circular stair)吊车梯 crane ladder直爬梯 vertical ladder踏步 step扇形踏步 winder (wheel step)踏步板 tread档步板 riser踏步宽度 tread width防滑条non-slip insert (strips)栏杆 railing (balustrade)平台栏杆 platform railing吊装孔栏杆 railing aroundmounting hole扶手 handrail梯段高度 height of flight防护梯笼protecting cage (safety cage)平台 landing (platform)操作平台operating platform装卸平台platform for loading & unloading楼梯平台 stair landing客梯 passenger lift货梯 goods lift客/货两用梯goods/passenger lift液压电梯 hydraulic lift自动扶梯 escalator观光电梯observation elevator电梯机房 lift mortar room电梯坑 lift pit电梯井道 lift shaftj. BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS AND PHRASES建筑材料词汇及短语• Bricks and Tiles 砖和瓦红砖 red brick粘土砖 clay brick瓷砖 glazed brick (ceramic tile)防火砖 fire brick空心砖 hollow brick面砖 facing brick地板砖 flooring tile缸砖 clinkery brick马赛克 mosaic陶粒混凝土ceramsite concrete琉璃瓦 glazed tile脊瓦 ridge tile石棉瓦asbestos tile (shingle)波形石棉水泥瓦corrugatedasbestos cement sheet• Lime, Sand and Stone 灰、砂和石石膏 gypsum大理石 marble汉白玉 white marble花岗岩 granite碎石 crushed stone毛石 rubble蛭石 vermiculite珍珠岩 pearlite水磨石 terrazzo卵石 cobble砾石 gravel粗砂 course sand中砂 medium sand细砂 fine sandCement, Mortar and Concrete 水泥、砂浆和混凝土波特兰水泥(普通硅酸盐水泥)Portland cement硅酸盐水泥 silicate cement火山灰水泥pozzolana cement白水泥 white cement水泥砂浆 cement mortar石灰砂浆 lime mortar水泥石灰砂浆(混合砂浆) cement-lime mortar保温砂浆 thermal mortar防水砂浆water-proof mortar耐酸砂浆acid-resistant mortar耐碱砂浆alkaline-resistant mortar沥青砂浆 bituminous mortar纸筋灰paper strip mixed lime mortar麻刀灰 hemp cut lime mortar灰缝 mortar joint素混凝土 plain concrete钢筋混凝土reinforcedconcrete轻质混凝土lightweight concrete细石混凝土 fine aggregate concrete沥青混凝土asphalt concrete泡沫混凝土 foamed concrete炉渣混凝土 cinder concrete Facing And Plastering Materials 饰面及粉刷材料水刷石 granitic plaster斩假石 artificial stone刷浆 lime wash可赛银 casein大白浆 white wash麻刀灰打底hemp cuts and lime as base喷大白浆两道sprayed twice with white wash分格抹水泥砂浆cement mortar plaster sectioned板条抹灰 lath and plaster Asphalt(Bitumen) and Asbestos 沥青和石棉沥青卷材 asphalt felt 沥青填料 asphalt filler沥青胶泥 asphalt grout冷底子油 adhesive bitumen primer沥青玛啼脂asphaltic mastic沥青麻丝 bitumastic oakum石棉板 asbestos sheet石棉纤维 asbestos fiber Timber 木材裂缝 crack透裂 split环裂 shake干缩 shrinkage翘曲 warping原木 log圆木 round timber方木 square timber板材 plank木条 batten板条 lath木板 board红松 red pine白松 white pine落叶松 deciduous pine云杉 spruce柏木 cypress白杨 white poplar桦木 birch冷杉 fir栎木 oak榴木 willow榆木 elm杉木 cedar柚木 teak樟木 camphor wood防腐处理的木材preservative-treated lumber 胶合板 plywood三(五)合板 3(5)-plywood企口板 tongued and grooved board层夹板 laminated plank胶合层夹木材glue-laminated lumber纤维板 fiber-board竹子 bambooMetallic Materials 金属材料黑色金属 ferrous metal 圆钢 steelbBar方钢 square steel扁钢 steel atrap型钢 steel section (shape)槽钢 channel角钢 angle steel等边角钢 equal-leg angle不等边角钢unequal-leg angle工字钢 I-beam宽翼缘工字钢wide flangeI-beam丁( 之)字钢 T-bar (Z-bar)冷弯薄壁型钢light gauge cold-formed steel shape热轧 hot-rolled冷轧 cold-rolled冷拉 cold-drawn冷压 cold-pressed合金钢 alloy steel钛合金 titanium alloy不锈钢 stainless steel竹节钢筋 corrugated steel bar变形钢筋 deformed bar光圆钢筋 plain round bar钢板 steel plate薄钢板 thin steel plate低碳钢 low carbon steel冷弯 cold bending钢管 steel pipe (tube)无缝钢管seamless steel pipe焊接钢管 welded steel pipe黑铁管 iron pipe镀锌钢管 galvanized steel pipe铸铁 cast iron生铁 pig iron熟铁 wrought iron镀锌铁皮 galvanized steel sheet镀锌铁丝 galvanized steel wire钢丝网 steel wire mesh多孔金属网 expanded metal锰钢 managanese steel高强度合金钢 high strength alloy steelNon-Ferrous Metal 有色金属金 gold白金 platinum铜 copper黄铜 brass青铜 bronze银 silver铝 aluminum铅 leadAnti-Corrosion Materials 防腐蚀材料聚乙烯polythene, polyethylene尼龙 nylon聚氯乙烯PVC (polyvinyl chloride)聚碳酸酯 polycarbonate聚苯乙烯 polystyrene丙烯酸树酯 acrylic resin乙烯基酯 vinyl ester橡胶内衬 rubber lining氯丁橡胶 neoprene沥青漆 bitumen paint环氧树脂漆epoxy resin paint氧化锌底漆zinc oxide primer防锈漆 anti-rust paint耐酸漆acid-resistant paint耐碱漆alkali-resistant paint水玻璃 sodium silicate树脂砂浆resin-bonded mortar环氧树脂 epoxy resinBuilding Hardware 建筑五金钉子 nails螺纹屋面钉spiral-threaded roofing nail环纹石膏板钉annular-ring gypsum board nail螺丝 screws平头螺丝 flat-head screw螺栓 bolt普通螺栓 commercial bolt高强螺栓 high strength bolt预埋螺栓 insert bolt胀锚螺栓 cinch bolt垫片 washer• Paint 油漆底漆 primer防锈底漆rust-inhibitive primer防腐漆anti-corrosion paint调和漆 mixed paint无光漆 flat paint透明漆 varnish银粉漆 aluminum paint磁漆 enamel paint干性油 drying oil稀释剂 thinner焦油 tar沥青漆 asphalt paint桐油 tung oil, Chinese wood oil红丹 red lead铅油 lead oil腻子 puttyk. OTHER ARCHITECTURAL TERMS 其它建筑术语• Discipline 专业建筑 architecture土木 civil给排水water supply and drainage总图 plot plan电力供应electric power supply电气照明 electric lighting电讯 telecommunication仪表 instrument热力供应 heat power supply动力 mechanical power工艺 process technology管道 piping• Conventional Terms 一般通用名词建筑原理architectonics建筑形式architecturalstyle民用建筑civil architecture城市建筑urban architecture农村建筑rural architecture农业建筑 farm building工业建筑industrial building重工业的 heavy industrial轻工业的 light industrial古代建筑ancient architecture现代建筑modern architecture标准化建筑standardized buildings附属建筑auxiliary buildings城市规划 city planning厂区内 within site厂区外 offsite封闭式 closed type开敞式 open type半开敞式 semi-open type模数制 modular system单位造价 unit cost概算 preliminary estimate 承包商constructor, contractor现场 site扩建 extension改建 reconstruction防火 fire-prevention防震aseismatic, quake-proof防腐 anti-corrosion防潮 dump-proof防水 water-proof防尘 dust-proof防锈 rust-proof车流量 traffic volume货流量freight trafficvolume人流量 pedestrian volume透视图 perspective drawing建筑模型building model • Architectural Physics 建筑物理照明 illumination照度 degree of illumination亮度 brightness日照 sunshine天然采光 natural lighting光强 light intensity侧光 side light顶光 top light眩光 glaze方位角 azimuth辐射 radiation对流 convection传导 conduction遮阳 sun-shade保温 thermal insulation恒温 constant temperature恒湿 constant humidity噪音 noise隔音 sound-proof吸音 sound absorption露点 dew point隔汽vapor-proof Name Of Professional role 职务名称项目经理project manager (PM)设计经理 design manager首席建筑师principal architect总工程师 chief engineer土木工程师 civil engineer 工艺工程师process engineer电气工程师electrical engineer机械工程师mechanical engineer计划工程师planning engineer助理工程师assistant engineer实习生 probationer专家 specialist, expert制图员 draftsman技术员 technician作者：回复日期：2005-12-15 17:02:00• Drafting 制图总说明general specification工程说明project specification采用标准规范目录 list of standards and specification adopted图纸目录 list of drawings平面图 plan局部放大图detail with enlarged scale．．．平面示意图 schematic plan of...．．．平剖面图 sectional plan of...留孔平面图plan of provision of holes剖面 section纵剖面longitudinal section横剖面 cross (transverse) section立面 elevation正立面 front elevation透视图 perspective drawing侧立面 side elevation背立面 back elevation详图 detail drawings典型节点 typical detail节点号 detail No.首页 front page图纸目录及说明list of contents and description图例 legend示意图 diagram草图 sketch荷载简图 load diagram流程示意图 flow diagram标准图 standard drawing．．．布置图 layout of ...地形图 topographical map土方工程图earth-work drawing展开图 developed drawing模板图 formwork drawing配筋arrangement of reinforcement表格 tables工程进度表working schedule技术经济指标technical and economical index建、构筑物一览表list of buildings and structures编号 coding序列号 serial No.行和栏 rows and columns 备注 remarks等级 grade直线 straight Line曲线 curves曲折线 zigzag line虚线 dotted line实线 solid line影线 hatching line点划线 dot and dash line 轴线 axis等高线 contour Line中心线 center Line双曲线 hyperbola抛物线 parabola切线 tangent Line尺寸线 dimension Line园形 round环形 annular方形 square矩形 rectangle平行四边形 parallelogram 三角形 triangle五角形 pentagon六角形 hexagon八角形 octagon梯形 trapezoid圆圈 circle弓形 sagment扇形 sector球形的 spherical抛物面 paraboloid圆锥形 cone椭圆形 ellipse, oblong面积 area体积 volume容量 capacity重量 weight质量 mass力 force米 meter厘米 centimeter毫米 millimeter公顷 hectate牛顿/平方米 Newton/square meter千克/立方米 kilogram/cubic meter英尺 foot英寸 inch磅 pound吨 ton加仑 gallon千磅 kip平均尺寸 average dimension变尺寸 variable dimension外形尺寸 overall dimension 展开尺寸developed dimension内径 inside diameter外径 outside diameter净重 net weight毛重 gross weight数量 quantity百分比 percentage净空 clearance净高 headroom净距 clear distance净跨 clear span截面尺寸sectional dimension开间 bay进深 depth单跨 single span双跨 double span多跨 multi-span标高 elevation, level绝对标高absolute elevation设计标高designed elevation室外地面标高ground elevation室内地面标高floor elevation柱网 column grid坐标 coordinate厂区占地 site area使用面积 usable area辅助面积 service area通道面积 passage area管架 pipe rack管廊 pipeline gallery架空管线 overhead pipeline排水沟 drain ditch集水坑 sump pit喷泉 fountain地漏 floor drain消火栓 fire hydrant灭火器 fire extinguisher二氧化碳灭火器carbon dioxide extinguisher卤代烷灭火器halon extinguisher作者：回复日期：2005-12-15 17:03:00不知道有没有人用得着这个，还有好多下次再发好讨厌的30秒和四千字2. STRUCTURE 结构专业a. Load 荷载拔力 pulling force标准值 standard value残余应力 residual stress冲击荷载 impact load, punch load残余变形residual deflection承压 bearing承载能力 bearing capacity承重 bearing, load bearing承重结构 bearing structure脆性材料 brittle material脆性破坏 brittle failure抵抗力resisting power, resistance吊车荷载 crane load分布荷载 distributed load风荷载 wind load风速wind velocity, wind speed风压 wind pressure风振 wind vibration浮力 buoyance, floatage符号 symbol, mark负弯矩negative moment, hogging moment附加荷载 additional load附加应力 additional stress 副作用side effect, by-effect刚度 rigidity刚度比 ratio of rigidity刚度系数 rigidity factor刚接 rigid connection刚性节点 rigid joint恒载 dead load荷载传递transmission of load固端弯矩 fixed-end moment活荷载 live load积灰荷载 dust load集中荷载 concentrated load加载, 加荷 loading剪力 shear, shearing force剪切破坏 shear failure剪应变 shear strain剪应力 shear stress简支 simple support静定结构statically determinate structure截面模量 modulus of section,section modulus静力 static force静力分析 static analysis局部压力local pressure, partial pressure局部压屈 local bulkling绝对值 absolute value均布荷载uniformly distributed load抗拔力 pulling resistance抗剪刚度 shear rigidity抗剪强度shear strength, shearing strength抗拉强度 tensile strength抗扭 torsion resistance抗扭刚度torsional rigidity抗弯 bending resistance抗弯刚度 bending rigidity抗压强度compressive strength,compression strength可靠性 reliability可靠性设计reliability design拉力 tensile force拉应力tensile stress, tension stress拉应变tensile strain, tension strain临界点 critical point临界荷载 critical load临界应力 critical stress密度 density离心力 centrifugal force摩擦力 friction force摩擦系数 frictional factor挠度 deflection内力 internal force, inner force扭矩moment of torsion, torsional moment疲劳强度 fatigue strength偏心荷载eccentric load, non-central load偏心距 eccentric distance, eccentricity偏心受拉 eccentric tension 偏心受压eccentric compression屈服强度 yield strength使用荷载 working load水平力 horizontal force水平推力 horizontal thrust弹塑性变形elastoplastic deformation弹性elasticity, resilience, spring塑限 plastic limit弹性变形elastic deformation塑性变形plastic deformation弹性模量 modulus of elastic,elastic modulus体积 volume, bulk, cubature, cubage土压力 earth pressure, soil pressure弯矩 bending moment, moment弯曲半径radius at bent, radius of curve位移 displacement温度应力temperature stress温度作用temperature action系数 coefficient, factor雪荷载 snow load压应变 compression strain压应力 compression stress应力集中 concentration of stress预应力 prestressing force, prestress振动荷载vibrating load, racking load支座反力 support reaction自重 own weight作用 action, effect作用点point of application,application joint b. Ground Base and Foundation地基及基础板桩 sheet pile, sheeting pile板桩基础sheet pile foundation饱和粘土 saturation clay冰冻线 frost line, freezing level不均匀沉降unequal settlement, differential settlement残积土 residual soil沉积物 deposit, sediment沉降 settlement沉降差difference in settlement沉降缝 settlement joint沉井sinking well, sunk well沉箱 caisson持力层 bearing stratum冲积 alluviation锤夯 hammer tamping档土墙retaining wall, breast wall底板 base slab, base plate, bed plate地板 floor board地基 ground base, ground地基承载力 ground bearing capacity地基处理ground treatment,soil treatment地基稳定base stabilization地梁ground beam, ground sill地漏 floor drain地下工程 substructure work,understructure work地下室 basement, cellar地下水 ground water地下水位 groundwater level, water table地下水压力ground water pressure地质报告 geologic report垫层 bedding, blinding独立基础isolated foundation, individual foundation端承桩 end-bearing pile筏式基础 raft foundation粉砂 silt, rock flour粉质粘土 silty clay粉质土 silty soil扶壁式档土墙buttressed retaining wall腐蚀 corrosion覆土 earth covering刚性基础 rigid foundation沟盖板 trench cover固结 consolidation灌注桩cast-in-place pile, cast in site pile护坡slope protection, revetment护桩 guard pile环墙 ring wall灰土 lime earth回填 backfill, backfilling回填土 backfill, backfill soil混凝土找平层concrete screed火山灰水泥 trass cement基槽 foundation trench基础 foundation, base基础底板 foundation slab基础埋深 embedded depth of foundation基础平面图 foundation plan 地基勘探 site exploration, site investigation基坑 foundation pit集水坑 collecting sump阶形基础stepped foundation结合层binding course, bonding course井点 well point井点排水well point unwatering开挖 excavation, cutting勘测 exploration and survey勘测资料 exploration data沥青bitumen, asphalt, pitch联合基础combined foundation卵石 cobble, pebble埋置 embedment毛石基础 rubble foundation锚筋 anchor bar锚桩 anchor pile密实度compactness, density, denseness摩擦桩friction pile, floating pile粘土 clay粘质粉土 clay silt碾压roller compaction, rolling排水 drainage, dewatering排水沟 drainage ditch排水孔weep hole, drain hole排水设备dewatering equipment普通硅酸盐水泥ordinaryPortland cement群桩 grouped piles容许沉降permissible settlement容许承载力allowable bearing软土 soft soil砂垫层 sand bedding course, sand cushion砂土 sandy soil, sands砂质粉土 sandy silt设备基础equipment foundation水泥搅拌桩cement injection素土夯实rammed earth, packed soil作者：回复日期：2005-12-16 8:42:00碎石桩 stone columns弹性地基elastic foundation弹性地基梁 beam on elastic foundation填方 fill, filling填土earth-fill, earth filling, filling条形基础 strip foundation土方工程 earthwork挖方excavation work, excavation箱形基础 box foundation压实compaction, compacting压实系数 compacting factor验槽check of foundation subsoil预制混凝土桩precast concrete pile中砂 medium sand重力式档土墙gravity retaining wall桩承台 pile cap钻孔桩 bored pile钻探 exploration drilling, drilling,最终沉降 final settlementConcrete Structure 钢筋混凝土结构板缝 slab joint板厚 thickness of slab板式楼梯cranked slab stairs板跨度 span of slab薄壁结构thin-walled structure薄腹梁 thin wedded girder保护层 protective coating臂式吊车 boom crane, boom hoist边梁edge beam, boundary beam变截面variable cross-section变形缝 movement joint变形钢筋 deformed bar初凝initial setting, pre-setting次梁 secondary beam大型屋面板 precast ribbed roof slab单层厂房one-storied factory单筋梁beam with single reinforcement单跨 single span单向板 one-way slab垫块 cushion block垫梁 template beam吊车梁crane beam, crane girder顶棚抹灰ceiling plastering端跨 end span, tail bay多跨连续梁 multi-span beam翻边 upstand反梁 upstand beam分布钢筋 distribution-bar封闭式箍筋 closed stirrup附加钢筋 additional bar刚架rigid frame, stiff frame钢筋 reinforcement, steel bar, bar钢筋表 Bar Schedules钢筋笼 steel reinforcement cage钢筋间距 spacing of bars, bar spacing钢筋网bar-mat reinforcement,mesh reinforcement钢筋砖 reinforced brick勾缝 joint pointing构架 frame, gallows构件member, structural member构造 construction构造钢筋constructional reinforcement构造柱onstructional column, tie column构筑物 structure箍筋hoop reinforcement, hooping箍筋间距 stirrup spacing固定端 fixed end, retained end固端梁fixed-end beam, fixed beam过梁 lintel, breast summer混凝土强度等级grade of concrete机制砖 machine-made brick剪力墙 shear wall简支梁simply supported beam经济跨度 economic span经济配筋率economic ratio of reinforcement劲性钢筋stiff reinforcement劲性钢筋混凝土结构steel composite construction径向钢筋radial reinforcement抗剪钢筋shear reinforcement抗拉钢筋tension reinforcement受压钢筋compression reinforcement可见裂缝 visible crack刻痕钢丝indented steel wire坑 pit, hollow, delve空斗墙 rowlock cavity wall, rolock wall空心板 hollow slab空心砖隔墙hollow tile partition跨度 span框架 frame框架剪力墙结构 frame-shear wall structure拉接钢筋 tie bar栏杆 railing, banister栏杆立柱 railing post老化 aging累积误差 accumulated error肋形楼板 ribbed floor slab冷拔低碳钢丝cold-drawn low-carbon wire冷脆性cold shortness, cooling brittleness冷弯 cold bending冷轧 cold rolling离析 segregation梁垫beam pad, template, pad梁挠度 beam deflection楼梯斜梁 string, stringer螺旋楼梯spiral stair, winding staircase马鞍形壳 saddle shell锚固 anchoring门框, 门樘 door frame门式刚架 portal frame面砖, 墙面砖 facing tile, wall tile耐火混凝土 fire-resisting concrete排架 bent, bent frame女儿墙parapet wall, parapet配筋率 reinforcement ratio配箍率 stirrup ratio砌块 block圈梁 ring beam, tie beam, bond beam作者：回复日期：2005-12-16 8:49:00山墙 gable深梁 deep beam伸缩缝 expansion joint实腹梁 solid web girder实腹柱 solid web column竖向钢筋vertical reinforcement双向配筋two-way reinforcement素混凝土 plain concrete筒中筒结构tube-in-tube structure网状钢筋steel mesh reinforcement围堰 cofferdam, coffer无梁楼盖flat slab, flat plate系梁 tie beam预应力钢筋混凝土prestressed reinforced concrete预应力构件prestressed component预制 prefabrication预制板 precast slab预制构件prefabrication component预制装配式结构prefabricated construction折板 folded plate, folded slab折板结构folded-plate structure主筋main reinforcement, main bar主梁 main beam, girder柱距 column spacing, post spacing装配式结构fabricated structure纵梁 longitudinal beam纵剖面longitudinal section纵向钢筋 longitudinal bard. Steel Structure 钢结构薄壁型钢 light-gauge steel section,hollow steel section不等肢角钢unequal angle steel槽钢 channel, channel steel背对背角钢组合 angles back to back不锈钢 stainless steel除锈 rust-removal粗制螺栓 rough bolt, black bolt带钢 strip steel, band iron 单面焊single weld, one-side welding地脚螺栓 foundation bolt, anchor bolt,holding down bolt点焊spot welding, point welding电动葫芦 electric hoist等边角钢 equal angle, equal leg angle对接焊, 对焊 butt welding腹板 web plate, web腹杆 web member腹板加劲件 web stiffener杆 rod, bar钢板 steel plate钢管 steel tube, steel pipe钢桁架 steel truss钢框架 steel frame钢梯, 爬梯 steel ladder高强度螺栓high strength bolt格构柱 lattice column工字梁 I-girder, I-beam工字钢 I-steel工字形截面I-shaped cross-section焊缝 welding seam焊接 welding焊接长度 weld length焊条 welding rod桁架 truss红丹底漆 red lead primer红丹漆 red lead paint加劲肋 stiffening rib, rib stiffener加劲板 stiffening plate角钢 angle steel节点 joint, node节点板 gusset plate, gusset 节点位移joint displacement节间长度 panel length紧固螺栓clamp bolt, fastening bolt精制螺栓 turned bolt可焊性 weldability空腹桁架 open-web truss空间桁架 space truss肋板 ribbed panel, ribbed slab连接板connecting plate, joint plate檩条 purline螺母 screw nut, nut螺栓 bolt螺栓孔 bolt hole螺纹 screw thread, thread。