Unit 3 Money MattersBackground informationDebit card: also known as a bank card or check card, is a plastic card that provides an alternative payment method to cash when making purchases. Functionally, it can be called an electronic check, as the funds are withdrawn directly from either the bank account, or from the remaining balance on the card.Credit card: a small plastic card issued to users of a system of payment. It allows its holder to buy goods and services based on the holder’s promise to pay for these goods and services. The issuer of the card grants a line of credit to the consumer (or the user) from which the user can borrow money for payment to a merchant or as a cash advance to the user.Checking account: current account or cheque/check account,is a deposit account held at a bank or other financial institution, for the purpose of securely and quickly providing frequent access to funds on demand, through a variety of different channels. Because money is available on demand these accounts are also referred to as demand accounts or demand deposit accounts.Audio Script: (无音频，需录制)Assistant: Hello, Is there anything I can do for you?Customer: Yes, please. I’d like to open a bank account.Assistant: Would you like to be a savings account or the checking account?Customer: I am not sure, what is the difference between the two accounts?Assistant: Well, a savings account pays interest on your money, but there are some restrictions. Customer: What are these restrictions?Assistant: You’ll have to put in a minimum of 500 dollars, if you have less than 500 dollars in your savings account, we will charge you a 10 dollars monthly fee, also you arepermitted to write only two withdrawal slips per month to withdraw money from thesavings account.Customer: Then what about a checking account?Assistant: A checking account allows you to write unlimited number of checks or you may withdraw your money through ATMs, you pay for printing the checks, that’s all andwith your checking account is a debit card that you can use like the credit card, theinterest paid for money in our checking account is low, but our bank requires aminimum of only 100 dollars balance and a checking account .Customer: So I can write checks to pay all kinds of bills.Assistant: That is right. You can pay for you purchases by writing checks or using your checking account debit card as long as you don’t o verdraw your account.Customer: That sounds good, I think I will open a checking account. Thank you for your help Assistant: You are welcome, I will handle this for you.Part 2: Audio Listening & SpeakingTask 1Audio Script:Is It Wise To Put Your Money In Bank?The message is everywhere. I need a bank suddenly seems like a brilliant idea.Save, save, save, in these tough times, that's the mantra it's always been a good idea, but can we take frugality too far?“It is a very negative state of the mind, physically and emotionally for you to constantly be saying no to yourself.” Call it saver’s remorse, more money in the bank, but are you any happier? Columbia professor Ran Kivez who co-author the study on this very subject, says not indulging enough can hurt you emotionally.“This emotion that we full missing out an life, such as missing out the pleasure, that we are missing some balance, that type of emotion or feeling actually persists over time and sometimes even buds up.”Personal saving jumped from 0.8% in August to 5% in January, and in some cases we are saving when we don't have to, so focused on the future, we are not enjoying the here in now.“When you are restricting what you purchase and what you give yourself, you are living in a brain state of scarcity, and that makes people depressed.”So what's the answer? Continue to save, but don't forget to treat yourself, even in a recession.“In this tough economy, people feel out of co ntrol. In a deeper level, buying and indulging in certain small pleasures gives you a sense of control.And some people say life is too short to have saver’s remorse“Our future isn't that lon g, I mean... Why do you all do that?”Bottom line: everything in moderation, spend a little, save a little. Psychologists say balance your checkbook, but also balance your emotional checkbook that they say will keep you healthy.Alina Cho, CNN, New York.Task 2Exercise 3Impulse spending is a common phenomenon, particularly among women. When confronting a real bargain, few can stay calm and sensible. They hold it as a once in a life time chance. In most of the cases, these people can not resist the temptation; they felt an impulse of purchasing, although they may not use the item at all. For them, it’s like stealing.But for those who can stay calm in front of items on sale, the above mentioned behavior is insane. They think it’s absurd to buy something you do not even use; they hold that rather than saving money, the customers are wasting money by doing so. Audio Script:Attention Shoppers: You Underestimated Your Bill So, they’re scanning your items at the grocery store, and when the last tomato gets bagged you’re stunned at the cost. How did you spend so much? Maybe those cherries were 12 bucks a pound. Or maybe you should have paid more attention to what you put in the wagon. Then again, maybe not. Because a new study in theJournal of Marketing shows that the harder shoppers try to keep track of what they’re spending, the worse they actually do.With the economy still in the dumps, sticking to a budget is key. And food’s a major expense. So a lot of shoppers try to keep a mental tally of what they toss into the cart as they go along. Scientists [Koert van Ittersum, Joost M.E. Pennings and Brian Wansink] interviewed 300 shoppers, and found that more than half of them try to crunch the numbers without a calculator or even a pen and paper. The trouble is doing that math in your head is hard. As a result, they underestimate their total cost, and end up overspending.One trick, the scientists say, is to count what’s in your cart and multiply by a guesstimate of the average cost of the items. So nine things at $2 a pop should give you change of a twenty. It’s not perfect, but it’ll also tell you whether you can get in the 12 items or less lane.Part 3: Video Listening & SpeakingTask 1Tips for saving moneyMaybe you always come out of the grocery s tore with a few things you don’t need … and which eventually end up in the trash. Maybe you can’t resist buying new books, even though there’s a great library nearby. Maybe you end up buying things online when you’re surfing the net in the evenings.Spending money unnecessarily is just a habit –but it’s one that can be detrimental to your financial goals. Here are five things you can do to break that habit and take back control of your spending.1. Always Use CashIf you find that every time you go to the mall, you end up with a few more bags (and a few less dollars) than you expected, then stop putting things on plastic. Take out a set amount of cash before you go shopping –however much you’re wi lling to spend that day –and you’ll have a much better idea of what you’ve spent. Once it’s gone, it’s gone.This can also be a big help if you ever find yourself struggling to pay off your credit card balance. If you use cash, you know you’ve got the m oney there to pay for your purchases.2. Make a ListHeading out for groceries or office supplies or materials for your DIY project? Make yourself a list of exactly what you need. Don’t just go into the store with a vague idea in your head: you’ll be much more likely to end up going for “bargains” that you don’t need and perhaps can’t even use. They’ll just end up cluttering your home until you ditch them.Not having a list can also mean that you forget vital things – often leading to you making a second trip to the store and spending even more money, since it never seems worth going for just one item…3. Have “Spend-Nothing” DaysA very powerful way to break your spending habit is to have “spend nothing” days – you could even challenge yourself to go a whole weekend without spending any money. Leave your wallet at home when you go to work: brown-bag lunch, and take a thermos of coffee with you.If you’ve fallen into a pattern of always picking up a newspaper and a latte and a candy bar or two, this is a great way to jolt yourself out of it. Similarly, if your weekends tend to involve going out for meals and drinks, going to a movie, or going on a shopping trip, you’ll find that it’s perfectly possible to entertain yourself for free.4. Keep a Spending LogFor two weeks, write down everything that you spend. Record the time, the place, what you bought and how much it was. This is a great way to make yourself much more aware of exactly where your money is going. There might be some nastysurpri ses (perhaps those “occasional” coffees and treats are more like a daily indulgence).Plus, the hassle of knowing you need to write down every single purchase can be enough to make you think twice about whether you really want to go ahead and buy that new book or DVD!5. Avoid Certain Stores and WebsitesWe all have particular stores – whether on the high street or online –that we’re especially tempted by. If you know you can’t browse without buying, then don’t even start. Ban yourself from the store or website for a period of time. (I went cold-turkey on ebay for a month once…)If it’s an internet store, you could even block it in your browser. This might seem a bit unnecessary, but it’s so easy to spend money online without really thinking about it –and if you do find yourself “accidentally” loading up the site, the block on it will remind you that you’ve banned yourself.Are you struggling to break your spending habit? When are you most prone to spending money unnecessarily? What tips do you have on making sure you think twice before buying?Background InformationRetirement Account: a retirement plan account that provides some tax advantagesfor retirement savings.Generic brands: often supermarket goods, are distinguished by the absence of abrand name. It is often inaccurate to describe these products as"lacking a brand name", as they usually are branded, albeit with eitherthe brand of the store in which they are sold or a lesser-known brandname which may not be aggressively advertised to the public. Theyare identified more by product characteristics.They may be manufactured by less prominent companies, ormanufactured on the same production line as a 'named' brand. Genericbrands are usually priced below those products sold bysupermarkets under their own brand (frequently referred to as "storebrands" or "own brands"). Generally they imitate these moreexpensive brands, competing on price. Generic brand products areoften of equal quality as a branded product, however, the quality maychange suddenly in either direction with no change in the packaging ifthe supplier for the product changes.Video Script:How not to waste moneyLearning how you spend your money can keep you from wasting it. Stop throwing money out the window with these smart moves.You Will Need:Retirement accountSavings accountCashWillpowerLibrary cardStep 1: Take advantage of retirement funds your employer matches.Step 2: Save your money in accounts that pay high interest. Call your bank to see what high interest accounts are available.Step 3: Buy in bulk only if you consume in bulk. You are not saving money if what you buy in bulk eventually gets thrown away.Step 4: Pay in cash. You are wasting money when you spend time cutting coupons only to pay interest when you pay for your purchases with a credit card.Step 5: Stop making impulse purchases. Ask yourself if you really need the item and if you can afford it. If you don’t really need it, use your willpower and avoid the unnecessary expense.Do not buy items that you will not use just because they are on sale.Step 6: Buy generic brand items, such as prescriptions and groceri es, instead of name brands.Step 7: Cancel your gym membership if you are not using it, and walk or bike to get around.Step 8: Quit smoking. Both your wallet and body will thank you.Step 9: Make sure you are getting the best insurance rates by calling your current carrier’s competition.Step 10: Visit your local library to rent music, books, and movies for free or for a minimal fee.As of 2006, the federal government spent between $15 and $25 billion annually maintaining unused or vacant agency buildings.Task 2Video script:Budgeting, saving, investing, those aren’t big priority for most high school students. But things are different in Thurgood Marshall Academy in Harlem Newyork. Senior Matthew Reyes is a part of 10 students bankers, helping their peers open bankaccount at a new Capital One Bank branch inside the school.“What we do is anything a regular employee do, I would take turns be either in tell our relationship bankers, open accounts or handling withdrawals in the past sources. The bank opens 3 days a week and both students and stuff can open accounts with as low as a dollar, just like in the other bank. These accounts can be accessed at any capital one branch.“How do the other students respond to those of you seniors who are in this program? How do they see that?”“ON this, they left a **** for us, because I have shirt, tie, I had suit on. Haaaaa, you get a shirt. At the same time, they will tell us you look like a real banker.”Matthew also teaches financial literacy classes to younger students. “We try, you know, show them level of one reverse needs. It’s OK to buy something that you want, but it’s more important to save.”It’s those practical lessens that next year student bankers are excited to be leaning. “Having****** money, I just spend, spend, spend, spend, and me work at the bank, this is going to teach me how to save, and budget money. Money management skills aren’t the only goal of the program, which involves working at full-fledge branch and a week-long training course.“It makes them more focus. It gives them goal to work towards. It grows them up very quickly. They became adults.And perhaps more importantly, the students bankers are proud of themselves. “I used to 55~65 hours, and then after this program, I can buy just 85~90.Unit 4 Looking GoodTask 1 Warm upAudio Script (无音频需要录音)Jen: Hey, Tiffany. Look at all the cosmetic products you’ve bought!Tiffany: Hi, Jen. You are a beauty guru. Please give me some advice on skin care. I really want to put my best face forward.Jen: What do you want to know?Tiffany: Well, is there a more suitable way for face cleansing?Jen: Yes, there is. Actually, face cleansing is very important for skin care. The first step is to choose the facial cleanser appropriate for your skin. My skin is rather sensitive, so I usually use something gentle.Tiffany: I’ve got oily skin and the cleanser I got have contains salicylic acid. I was told it helps clear out clogged pores.Jen: Sure, the cleanser goes exactly with your skin. Next step, wash your hands with soap and water to rid them of dirt and grease. Pull your hair back so it does not get in the way.Tiffany: Definitely. I do that all the time.Jen: The third step is to wet your face by splashing it with warm water.Tiffany: Does cold water help, too?Jen: Not really. Warm water helps open the pores while cold water closes them.Tiffany: I see. I will remember to use warm water from now on.Jen: Fourth, put an amount of cleanser into your hands and work it into a lather. Apply it gently to your face with your fingertips using small circular motions.Tiffany: Wow, you are so professional and such a good example to learn from.Jen: Thanks. And don’t forget to wash your hairline, eyebrows, and beneath your jaw. Then, rinse the cleanser off by splashing your face with warm water.Tiffany: Warm water again.Jen:After patting your face dry with a clean towel, apply a natural, alcohol-free toner with a cotton ball or pad.Tiffany: I see. I guess next step is for me to apply a moisturizer.Jen: You are right. But remember, again, the moisturizer should be appropriate for your skin type. Tiffany: Thank you, Jen. You are really an expert. Maybe later on you could teach me how to use make up.Jen: Any time.Pair WorkIt’s human nature to pursue beauty. Thus, people better their appearance by skin care, plastic surgery, wearing fashionable clothes, losing weight and other methods. But, besides a beautiful appearance, what else can make people attractive? Talk with your partner about your ideas. (open)Part II Topic-related Listening and SpeakingTask 1Audio script (来源：/Etiquette)Business Etiquette: Business DressBeing less than perfectly well-dressed in a business setting can result in a feeling of profound discomfort t hat may well require therapy to dispel. And the sad truth is that “clothing mismatches” on the job can ruin the day of the person who’s wearing the inappropriate attire and the people with whom he or she comes in contact.When should you dress up or dress down?Offices vary when it comes to dress codes. Some businesses have very high standards for their employees and set strict guidelines for office attire, while others maintain a more relaxed attitude. However, it is always important to remember that no ma tter what your company’s attitude is regarding what you wear, you are working in a business environment and you should dress accordingly. Certain items may be more appropriate for evening wear than for a business meeting, just as shorts and a T-shirt are better suited for the beach than for an office environment. Your attire should reflect both your environment and your position. A senior vice president has a different image to maintain than that of a secretary or sales assistant. Like it or not, you will be judged by your personal appearance.This is never more apparent than on “dress-down days”, when what you wear can say more about you than any business suit ever could. In fact, people will pay more attention to what you wear on dress-down days than on “business professional” days. Thus, when dressing in “business casual” clothes, try to put some flair into your wardrobe choices, recognize that the “real” definition of business casual is to dress just one notch down from what you would normally wear on business-professional attire days. Avoid jeans, worn, wrinkled polo shirts, sneakers, scuffed shoes, halter tops, and revealing blouses. For men, try wearing a neat pair of pants and a buttoned shirt with long or short sleeves that has more color or texture in the fabric. For women, wear skirts or tailored pants with blouses, blazers, and accessories that mean business yet convey a more casual look than your standard business attire.Remember, there are boundaries between your career and your social life. You should dress one way for play and another way when you mean business. Always ask yourself where you’re going and how other people will be dressed when you get there. Is the final destination the opera, the beach, or the office? Dress accordingly and you will discover the truth in the axiom that clothes make the man--and the woman. When in doubt, always err on the side of dressing slightly more conservatively than the situation demands. Remember, you can always remove a jacket, but you can’t put one on if you didn’t think to take it with you.Task 2Culture Tips:Obesity is a 21st century epidemic. It is caused by over eating, lack of exercise or genetics and may result in heart disease, type 2 diabetes, breathing difficulties during sleep and certain types of cancer.Anorexia is a serious mental illness. It is caused by extreme fear of weight gain, distorted se lf image or excessive exercise.Audio script（来源：/movie/23735/?page=1###，经过剪辑后使用）The Atkins Diet"A new study tries to answer the question: Which of the big diets actually works best? Which one will help you shed the most pounds? The study rates several of the most popular diets and ABC'S Juju Chen is right there.""Good morning, everyone. Well, it was a study that randomly assign ed four different diet books and nutrition classes. After a year, the Atkins dieters experienced as good if not better way loss on average. But what's truly unexpected is the Atkins dieters also posted the best health benefits. All this is in one of the most esteem ed medical magazines: The Journal of the American Medical Association."Today's gem article compared four diets from low carb (carbohydrate) to high carb and put Atkins on top. Not just for weight-loss, but for health improvements as well. Researchers track311 women over a year. Average age: 40. Average weight: 190. The women on Atkins lost only 10 pounds on average, compared to 6 pounds for the L. E. A. R. N diet, 5 for Ornish and 3.5 for the Zone. The Atkins diet avoids carbohydrate, (and) embrace s food high in protein and fat. The Zone diet limits calories, dividing foods into three zones: carbs, proteins and fats. Ornish puts strict limits on fat, in favor of greens, veggies and fruits. But experts say losing weight shouldn't be the ultimate goal."You can lose weight eating anything from hotdogs to candy bars. What we need to do is be healthy."The study's most surprising result is that Atkins dieters also experienced the biggest drop in blood pressure. Still, nutritionists worry about the long-term consequences."The Atkins diet is very high in a bad fat called saturated fat. It increases your risk for heart diseases, diabetes, cancer, so it's not a good fat to eat a lot of."Part III Topic-related Watching & SpeakingTask 1Oral PracticeReferencesWith increased media attention on beauty and perfection, more and more celebrities are turning to plastic surgery.Common people want to look younger and more beautiful, too, so that some have plastic surgery to build self-esteem and confidence.Some teenagers also want to have plastic surgery to better their looks.Is plastic surgery a wise choice?Some people's emotions have a really big effect on how they think they look. People who are depressed, extremely self-critical, or have a distorted view of what they really look like sometimes think that changing their looks will solve their problems. In these cases, it won't. Working out the emotional problem is a better way.Some people turn to plastic surgery to correct a physical defect or to alter a part of the body that makes them feel uncomfortable. For example, a girl or guy with a birthmark may turn to laser treatment to lessen its appearance. These cases are more acceptable.It’s not wise for teenager s to have plastic surgery because his/ her body continues to change through their teen years.Many plastic surgery procedures involve anesthesia, recovery time, and other serious risks. Patients should be capable of understanding and handling the stress of surgery.Video script(来源：CNN)Lebanon Borrows for BeautySchams ElwazerIn Lebanon, beauty is big business. If you don't think you look perfect, you get plastic surgery. If you can't afford it, take out a bank loan. First National Bank launched its plastic surgery loan two years ago. We ask the bank's head of marketing if during the current financial crisis, clients are still borrowing for beauty.Maher MezherPlastic surgery and the numbers of people applying do not decrease at all.Schams ElwazerThe loan from 500 to 5,000 dollars is still one of the most asked-about loans of the bank's call centre. Mezher says for Lebanese buying beauty is not an extravagance, but rather a social necessity.Maher MezherYou cannot find a job if you are not good-looking. You cannot get a partner, get a marriage if you are not good-looking. People will reject you socially if you are not good-looking. So Lebanon is a show-off country. For us, it is not a luxury. It is our top priority.Edouard AbdelnourIt's beautiful eyes (that) you have.Schams ElwazerPlastic surgeon Edouard Abdelnour agrees the psychological factor is key, especially when times are tough.Edouard AbdelnourYou point to me what bothers you in your nose. (Here.)It's not a very expensive way of feeling better, because financially, it is still quite cheap compared to the other plastic surgery centers in the world.Schams ElwazerThe all inclusive cost of a nose job sets you back around 2,000 dollars, breast augmentation, around 4,000. But the global crisis has yet to hit the average Lebanese hard. Strict banking regulations, high liquidity in reserves, and a well-honed national talent for enduring crisis have so far protected the banking sector. Abdelnour performs about 20 surgeries a week and says his practice has seen minimal impact from the financial crisis.Edouard AbdelnourWhat is on the increase is combined surgery which means you do your breast and your tummy tuck, and sometimes your nose at the same time.Schams ElwazerLebanon is a regional hub for medical tourism, especially plastic surgery. Beirut's hotels, restaurants, and clinics are winding down from a busy summer season, catering to Lebanese expats, and visitors from the oil-rich, cash-rich gulf countries.In addition to the 87 officially registered plastic surgeons here in Lebanon, it's estimated there are at least as many unlicensed practitioners. So while it's clear the plastic surgery is a multi-million-dollar business. How many millions exactly is almost impossible to gauge.Task 2Video script (来源：CNN)Undo a tattooCorrespondentTattoos can be a work of art, a former expression or a byproduct of young rebellion. Jenna Mohan had 4 tattoos before she was 20. Now at 30, she wants to get rid of most of them.Jenna MohanIt was nice when I was younger, but now I have kids and try to be a little more professional. CorrespondentWith lasers, doctors can eliminate some evidence of Jenn a’s youth enthusiasm. Years ago, the only options were to cut out or sand off a tattoo, leaving permanent scars. Now plastic surgeons erase them with intense beams of light.Dr. Brian GlattIt provides a certain amount of heat, which breaks up a tattoo pigments(色素，颜料). CorrespondentSingle color, black or blue tattoos are the easiest to take off.Dr. Brian GlattThe lasers have an easier time picking up those darker colors than they do the lighter colors. CorrespondentAnd they don’t magically disappear. Sometimes it takes months even years for a tattoo to fade away. The procedure is painful. So, Jenny says, “think before you use your body as a canvas.”Jenna MohanYou should put a picture by your bed of the tattoo you want. Wake up every morning (and) look at it for 2 to 3 weeks. If you are not sick of it by then, it is probably the tattoo for you.Dr. Brian GlattAnd I will see you in 4 to 6 weeks.CorrespondentFor today’s health minutes, I am Chuck Roberts.11。
