The art of effective communication between a speaker (or writer) and anThe ability to respect diversity and toFocused, organized thinking about such things as the logicalideals, the soundness of evidence, and the differences between’s messageThe sum of a person’s knowledge, experience, goals, values, andhormone released into the bloodstream in response to physical orMental imaging in which a speaker vividly pictures himself or herselfStealing ideals or language from two or three sources andFailing to give credit for particular parts of a speech that areTo restate or summarize an author's ideals in one's own wordsstatement in the introduction of a speech that identifies theA method of speech organization in which the main pointsA method of speech organization in which the main points divide theA word or phrase that indicates when the speaker has finished one thoughtpresented from a brief set of notesa speechWhat a speaker wants the audience to rememberthe audience foremost in mind at every step ofThe tendency of people to be concerned above all with their own value,Audience characteristics such as age, gender, education,Questions that require responses at fixed intervals along a scale ofthat allow respondents to answer however theymaterials used to support a speaker's ideas. The threeA story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length toa speech together in a particular way to achieve aThe major points developed in the body of a speech. Most speechesmethod of speech organization in which the main pointsmethod of speech organization in which the main points follow amethod of speech organization in which the first mainof a problem and the second main point presents aA method of speech organization in which the main points divide theA word or phrase that indicates when a speaker has finished one thoughtstatement in the body of the speech that summarizes theA very brief statement that indicates where a speaker is in the speech or thatA question that the audience answers mentally rather than outstatement in the introduction of a speech that identifies the课后练习Chapter 4Topic :Studying abroadGeneral Purpose:To persuadeSpecific Purpose:To persuade the audience to study abroad will enhance your personal development,academic development,and career development.Central Idea:Main points: I. You should study abroad because it will enhance your personal development.II. You should study abroad because it will enhance your academic developmentIII. You should study abroad because it will enhance your career development.Topic : Events in triathlonGeneral purpose: To informSpecific purpose: To inform the audience of the three events in triathlon : swimming, cycling and running.Central Idea:Main points:The first event in triathlon is swimmingThe second event in triathlon is cycling.The third event in triathlon is running.I. The first major cause of airplane crashes is pilot error.II. The second major cause of airplane crashes is weather. Topical OrderIII. The third major cause of airplane crashes is mechanical failure.I. The peak of Mount Kilimanjaro has an arctic climate with snow,ice,,and violent winds.II. The middle of Mount Kilimanjaro has a rain forest climate with lush vegetation and diverse animal species.III. The base of Mount Kilimanjaro has a bushland climate with pastures and farming communities. Spatial OrderI. The Chinese film industry began in the early 20th century.II. The first golden period of Chinese cinema occurred during the 1930s.III. The second golden period occurred in the years after World War II.IV. The Chinese film industry was scaled back during the 1960s and 1970s.V. Today Chinese films are in another golden period of international acclaim.Chronological Order。
演讲的艺术卡耐基演讲的艺术卡耐基演讲的艺术卡耐基演讲的艺术卡耐基《卡耐基经典:演讲的艺术》 - 编辑《卡耐基经典:人性的弱点》是20世纪最伟大的成人教育家戴尔?卡耐基开办演讲培调班时期的内部训练教程。
但它不是一本教您如何发出悦耳之声，如何说出优美之句的手册，而是教你如何通过建立自信来提高自己的表达能力，如何通过有效的演讲扩大自己的影响力，让你步入幸福的生活，迈向成功的职业生涯。
《卡耐基经典:演讲的艺术》 - 内容简介《卡耐基经典:人性的弱点》包含了很多战胜胆怯、建立自信的高明方法。
除此之外，还有大量实战技巧和建议可以帮助你不管是面对个人还是群体，都能和对方进行有效的沟通。
《卡耐基经典:演讲的艺术》 - 作者简介戴尔?卡耐基，美国“成人教育之父”。
20世纪早期，美国经济陷入萧条，战争和贫困导致人们失去了对美好生活的愿望，而卡耐基独辟蹊径地开创了一套融演讲、推销、为人处世、智能开发于一体的教育方式，他运用社会学和心理学知识，对人性进行了深刻的探讨和分析。
他讲述的许多普通人通过奋斗获得成功的真实故事，激励了无数陷入迷茫和困境的人，帮助他们重新找到了自己的人生。
接受卡耐基教育的有社会各界人士，其中不乏军政要员，甚至包括几位美国总统。
千千万万的人从卡耐基的教育中获益匪浅。
卡耐基在实践的基础上撰写而成的著作，是20世纪最畅销的成功励志经典。
他的主要代表作有《人性的弱点》、《人性的优点》、《语言的突破》、《人性的弱点全集》。
这些书出版后，立即风靡全世界，先后被翻译成几十种文字，被誉为“人类出版史上的奇迹”，无数读者由此走上了成功之路。
《卡耐基经典:演讲的艺术》 - 媒体评论成功其实如此简单，只要你遵循卡耐基先生这些简单适用的人际标准，你就能获得成功。
——马克?维克多?汉森卡耐基从上个世纪初就开始讲授他的成人训练课程，开创了美国的成人教育运动。
他的成功哲学与处世技巧对当今时代的年轻人来说，仍是一个永恒的人生课题。
语言是成功的阶梯（一）演讲者在特定的环境中，借助有声语言和态势语言，面对广大听众发表意见、抒发情感，从而达到感召听众并促使其行动的一种现实的信息交流活动，就是演讲。
所有人的生命都可能会因为演讲而发生改变，其中有许多人获得了远远超过预想之外的提升，不论是在商业上、事业上还是社会上，都达到了显赫的地位。
这听着真像是奇迹，然而这个奇迹却是现实存在的，创造这个奇迹的便是精彩的语言技巧。
“国家现金注册公司”理事会会长艾林先生，曾在《演说季刊》上发表了一篇题为《演说与领导在事业上的关系》的文章，他指出：“在我们商业这行中，不少人是借着讲坛上的杰出表现而被器重的。
许多年前，有位青年，当时是堪萨斯州一处小分行的主管，在做了一场精彩无比的演讲之后，今天已经成为我们的副总裁，掌管业务。
”现代社会毋庸置疑是一个竞争的社会，有的人在残酷的竞争中失败，也有的人大获成功，这其中奥妙何在？生意场上有“金口玉言”、“利言优先”之说；政治场上有“领导过问了”、“一言定升迁”之说；文化界有“点睛之笔”、“破题之语”之说；生活中也常有“生死荣辱系于一言”之说。
可见，在现代交际中，是否会说，是否能说，以及言谈交际相关知识的多寡，往往会影响一个人的成功和失败。
（二）语言和交际能力是我们提高素质，开发潜能的重要途径，同样也是我们驾驭生活、改善人生、追求事业成功的无价之宝。
通观古今中外，凡是有作为的人，都把语言作为必备的修养之一，如古罗马共和国末期的政治家西塞罗，就是一位雄辩家，美国总统林肯也是一位雄辩家。
说话水平，作为一个人语言的说服力、吸引力、感染力，它在交际中起的作用是不可估量的。
一个人的成功，85%取决于社交，15%取决于个人技艺才能。
而社交又绝对离不开语言，可见语言在我们的生活中是多么的重要。
在社会上，人的能力有高有低，要想快速了解他们，语言表达能力是首当其冲的。
而且语言的力量能征服世界上最复杂的东西——人的心灵，通过语言的交流，可以让毫不相识的人迅速熟识起来，长期形成的隔阂也可以随之消失。
